HAAD Examination - Sample Questions

by Pinoy Med Tech International on Sunday, November 20, 2011 at 6:18am

HAAD EXAM Notes 0ctober 7, 2011

1. Me ng Computation for the Coefficient of Variation, given na anf SD nya, kukuhanin mo

na lang ang Mean ; eto po ang formula

Mean= kunin nyo lang average ng given vaules

CV = (SD x100) /mean

1. The analyte that is increased in Myocardial Infarction

Aspartate and Creatine Kinase

1. There’s a question about CBC with a normal Hct and RBC Ct. but mapapasin nyo na

yung MCHC nya eh umabot ng 3-folds sa normal plus o ang iba pang RBC indces nya,

-indicative of Codl agglutinin Disease.

What would you do

Ans; Warm the sample @ 37 degree celscius

4. In chronic active hepatitis, high titers of which of the following antibodies are seen?

a. antimitochondrial

b. anti-smooth muscle - answer

c. anti-DNA

d. anti-parietal cell

1. In the indirect fluorescent antinuclear antibody test, a speckled pattern may indicate

the

presence of antibody to:

a. histone

b. Sm

c. RNA

d. DNA - answer

6. Which of the following is associated with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia?

a. normal bleeding time

b. normalADP aggregation

c. abnormal initial wave ristocetin aggregation

d. absence of clot retraction-answer

7. A patient has had massive trauma involving replacement of one blood volume with Red

Blood Cells and crystalloid. She is currently experiencing oozing from mucous membranes

and surgical incisions. Laboratory values are as follows:

PT Normal

APTT Normal

Breeding time Prolonged

Platelet count 20 x 1 03/@

Hemoglobin 1 1.4 g/dL

What is the blood component of choice for this patient?

a. Platelets

b. Cryoprecipitated AHF

c. Fresh Frozen Plasma

d. Prothrombin Complex

-Pero sa case na to, nireshuffle lang nila yung question, Given ang blood component tapos ang

itatanong e kung alin ang mag pprolong na Test

Answer; BLEEDING TIME ; Increased

8. A patient had a multiple transfusion of whole blood, suddenly the patient develops bleeding

and oozing from mucous membranes, this is indicative of

Dilultional thrombocytopenia - answer

Dilutional Coag Factor def

The following results were obtained on an electronic particle counter:

Patient Normal

WBC 5.1x103/p~ 5.0-10.0x103/~

RBC 2.94 x lo6/ .6-6.2 x lo6/& low

Hgb 13.8 g/dL 4- 1 8 g/dL low

Hct 35.4% -0%-54% low

MCV 128 fL 82-90 fL high

MCH 46.7 pg 27-31 pg high

MCHC 40% 32%-36% high

What step should be taken before recycling the sample?

a. clean the apertures

b. warm the specimen -answer

c. replace the lysing agent

d. dilute the specimen

-suspect a cold agglutinin’s are present

9. There is a question abou a sickle cell patient who develops shortness of breath, sharp and

-intense pain in the lower back; this is due to

-Splenic sequestration crisis / vaso occlusive crisis

10. In the indirect fluorescent antinuclear antibody test, a speckled pattern may indicate the

presence of antibody to:

a. histone

b. Sm- answer

c. RNA

d. DNA

Anti-smooth muscle antibodies are antibodies (immunoglobulins) formed against smooth

muscle. These antibodies are typically associated with autoimmune hepatitis.

Anti-DNA – for Systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

11.

Gaucher’s Dse - It is a genetic disease in which a fatty substance (lipid) accumulates in cells

and certain organs –

Tay Sach’s Dse - disease occurs when harmful quantities of gangliosides accumulate in the

nerve cells of the brain, eventually leading to the premature death of those cells.

Tangier disease (also known as "Familial alpha-lipoprotein deficiency"[1]:535) is a rare

inherited disorder characterized by a severe reduction in the amount of high density

lipoprotein (HDL), often referred to as "good cholesterol," in the bloodstream. (Eto naitanong

to sa HAAD)

12. Marker for Hepa B Infection;

HbsAg - answer

anti HBS

HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen is a marker of infectivity. Its presence

indicates either acute or chronic HBV infection.

Anti-HBs: Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen is a marker of immunity.

Its presence indicates an immune response to HBV infection, an immune

response to vaccination, or the presence of passively acquired antibody. (It

is also known as HBsAb, but this abbreviation is best avoided since it is

often confused with abbreviations such as HBsAg.)

Anti-HBc (total): Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen is a nonspecific marker

of acute, chronic, or resolved HBV infection.

IgM anti-HBc: IgM antibody subclass of anti-HBc. Positivity indicates recent

infection with HBV (within the past 6 mos). Its presence indicates acute infection.

HBeAg: Hepatitis B “e” antigen is a marker of a high degree of HBV

infectivity, and it correlates with a high level of HBV replication. It is

primarily used to help determine the clinical management of patients

with chronic HBV infection.

Anti-HBe: Antibody to hepatitis B “e” antigen may be present in an infected

or immune person. In persons with chronic HBV infection, its presence

suggests a low viral titer and a low degree of infectivity.

13. Marker for Acute Hepa A infection

Anti HAV IgM and IgG Total

Anti-HAV IgM -answer

14. Certain antibodies produce this kind of substances that induces red cell lysis in vivo;

Complement- answer

15. Which one is a sample of an Auto immune disease --- Hashimoto’s thyroditis

16. Rash, urticaria and Hives are examples of;

- Allergic reactions

17. General principle for Platelet storage must be ;

Must be gently agitated RT - answer

Must be collected within 12 hrs -wrong

18. Which of the following sets of laboratory findings is consistent with hemolytic anemia?

a. normal or slightly increased erythrocyte survival; normal osmotic fragility

b. decreased erythrocyte survival; increased catabolism of heme - answer

c. decreased serum lactate dehydrogenase activity; normal catabolism of heme

d. normal concentration of haptoglobin; marked hemoglobinuria

19. Which of the following would be affected by allowing a urine specimen to remain at room

temperature for three hours before analysis?

a. occult blood

b. specific gravity

c. pH- answer

d. protein

*pH will increase = alkaline urine

20. The pH of a urine specimen measures the:

a. free sodium ions

b. free hydrogen ions -answer

c. total acid excretion

d. volatile acids

21. The presence of leukocytes in urine is known as:

a. chyluria

b. hematuria

c. leukocytosis

d. pyuria-answer

22. An ammonia-like odor is characteristically associated with urine from patients who:

a. are diabetic

b. have hepatitis

c. have an infection with Proteus sp - answer

d. have a yeast infection

-proteus produces urease which the converts urea in urine into ammonia in the presence of

oxygen

23. Which blood component does not require crossmatching?

FFP - answer

Platelets

RBC
24.. Urine that develops a port wine color after standing may contain:

a. melanin

b. porphyrins-answer

c. bilirubin

d. urobilinogen

25. Sign of RBC hemolysis ; Dereased RBC Survival rate and Increase Hema catabolism

26. An outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus has occurred in a hospital nursery. In order to

establish the epidemiological source of the outbreak, it is helpful to do:

a. plasmid fingerprinting/ pulse/ phage-typing---answer

b. serological typing

c. coagulase testing

d. catalase testing

27. A technologist is reading a Gram stain from a CSF and observes small structures

suggestive

of gram-negative coccobacilli. Chemistry and hematology CSF results that would indicate

bacterial meningitis include:

WBC Glucose Protein

a. increased increased increased

b. decreased decreased decreased

c . increased decreased increased -answer

d. decreased increased decreased

28. The streptococci most likely to have a high MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) with

penicillin are:

a. enterococci-answer

b. unable to grow in 6.5% NaCl solution

c. typed as Lancefield group A streptococci

d. susceptible to bacitracin

29. An unusual number of Mycobacteria gordonae have been isolated. This organism is

reported as a "probable contaminant." The MOST likely source is:

a. an outbreak of infections due to Mycobacteria gordonae -answer

b. contamination by water organisms

c. contamination of commercial Lowenstein-Jensen tubes

d. contamination of the specimen collection containers

Mycobacterium spp commonly isolated as a water contaminant – M. gordonae

30. A CSF exhibits a gram positive cocci in chains, exhibiting a beta hemloysis

CAMP Test- answer

Camp test positive –beta hemolytic srep B

31. CSF Infection wit a positive Oxidase test

Meninggococci – answer

When you say meningococci , is is caused by Neisseria meningitidis which is an Oxidase

positive org

32. Study the Biochem of the following;

E.coli - Indole +, Motile + VP – Citrate-

A. baumahnii - Catalase positive, Oxidase NEGATIVE, non motile, beta hemolytic

P.aerugunosa Oxidase positive, glucose fermetaion, pyocyanin +

Klebsiella pneumonia – Indole -, VP +/-, LIA +, Non motile

Edwardsiella--- ????

Providencia -Indole +, H2S-, ODC+

Yersinia enteroclitica ODC, Urea, Indol +ve

Proteus – indole +, urease +, swarming

33. In the assay of lactate dehydrogenase, which of the following products is actually

measured3

a. NADH -asnwer

b.ATP

c. lactic acid

d. pyruvic acid

 LDH-1 (4H) - in the heart and RBCs

 LDH-2 (3H1M) - in the reticuloendothelial system

 LDH-3 (2H2M) - in the lungs

 LDH-4 (1H3M) - in the kidneys, placenta, and pancreas

 LDH-5 (4M) - in the liver and striated muscle[1

Usually LDH-2 is the predominant form in the serum. A LDH-1 level higher than the LDH-2 level

(a "flipped pattern") suggestsmyocardial infarction (damage to heart tissues releases heart

LDH, which is rich in LDH-1, into the bloodstream)

34. The electrophoretic pattern of a plasma sample compared with a serum sample shows a:

a. broad prealbumin peak

b. sharp fibrinogen peak-answer

c. diffuse pattern because of the presence of anticoagulants

d. decreased globulin fractio

35. A condition in which erythrocyte protoporphyrin is increase

-IDA

36. . Which of the following serum protein fractions is most likely to be elevated in patients

with

nephrotic syndrome?

a. alpha-1 globulin

b. alpha-1 globulin and alpha-2 globulin

c. alpha-2 globulin and beta globulin--answer

d. beta globulin and gamma globulin

37. Acute hepatitis

- aminotransferase markedly increase, AST markedly increase ALT slightly increase

38. Analysis of CSF for oligoclonal bands is used to screen for which of the following disease

states?

a. multiple myeloma

b. multiple sclerosis- answer

c. myasthenia gravis

d. von Willebrand's disease

Multiple Myeloma- Bence Jones Protein

Myasthenia Gravis - One test is for antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor

39. A characteristic of the Bence Jones protein that is used to distinguish it from other urinary

proteins is its solubility:

a. in ammonium sulfate

b. in sulfuric acid

c. at 40°C-60°C
d. at 100°C-amswer

40. Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?

,' a. nephrotic syndrome

b. acute hepatitis

c. chronic inflammation

d. dehydration-answer

41. A patient's blood was drawn at 8 AM for a serum iron determination. The result was 85

yg/dL. A repeat specimen was drawn at 8 PM; the serum was stored at 4OC and run the next

morning. The result was 40yg/dL. These results are most likely due to:

a. iron deficiency anemia

b. improper storage of the specimen

c. possible liver damage

d. the time of day the second specimen was drawn-answer