A TRACER STUDY OF GRADUATE OF THE

SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTANCY,

PILGRIM CHRISTIAN COLLEGE
ACADEMIC YEAR 2017-2018

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Business Statistics

By the Group 5, 8, 9, & 10

Banto, Mohammad Hussien
Bugtay, John March
Dagok, Homer
Fernando, Jan
Galinato, Leo June Parrucho
Golipata, Ganniel
Lariosa, Leonardo
Malawani, Abdul Majid
Sani, Muhammad
Coyme, Shiela Grace
Sandoval, Hazel Joy

January 25, 2019

 CHAPTER 1

Abstract
The major objective of a tracer study is to help educational institutions to produce
highly qualified and competitive graduates. Pilgrim Christina College, as an educational institution,
provides high-standard education and training to transform its students and graduates into
productive members of society. This school is an educational institution committed to providing
essential foundation for this purpose. The main objective of this tracer study was to determine the
level of employability of the graduates of the pilgrim Christian college in the course Bachelor of
Science in Accountancy (BSA) covering the school year 2017-2018. This study also sought to
look into the present status and work situation of these graduates, in terms of their job positions,
status of employment, length of service with their respective companies; number of months or
years that took the graduates to secure their first job; the difficulties they encountered in looking
for their first job, and the reason/s for leaving their jobs.

Introduction
Recognizing the reality in today’s academic world, the role of higher education
institutions can not only be limited to impart knowledge, but also to contribute to maintain
a competitive economy and most important of all, to secure the dream of graduates to get
jobs and become socially recognized and successful in their respective field of endeavors,
(Meñez, N. L., 2014). Most of the graduates hardly find jobs that will fit in to the course
they graduated maybe because they are luck of skills or do not have the enough
knowledge to compete on getting the right jobs for them. The sad reality was many of the
graduates now a days working in the malls as cashiers or in the factories as production
crews where if not all, most of their co-workers were only high school graduates or college
level yet they share the same jobs.
Teaching and learning culture must change and transform in producing the quality
of human capital such excellent knowledge, skills, creative and innovative, (Hussain, R.,
& Othman, N. 2014). We believe that the development in every school should be
enhancing to help their graduates in the future to land the best possible jobs for them.
Knowing that getting a degree is very hard, graduates should give justice to it so all the
hard work and sacrifices will be paid off.
Program accreditation in higher academic institutions serves as a quality
assurance mechanism and an approach for external body to monitor the implementation
of educational practices to ensure high quality outputs. This is one way of demonstrating
optimum transparency and integrity in showing one’s worth of possessing the character
of an excellent university for the future leaders of the country, (Laguador, J. M., Villas, C.
D., & Delgado, R. M. 2014).
It is necessary for an institution like Pilgrim Christian College to deliver the best
education, training and services in molding the skills of every student for their battle after
acquiring a degree. The continuous improvement of the school should not be neglected
so that graduates will achieve their dreams and able to compete with the global standards.
The graduates are the ultimate products of higher education institutions. They move in
every part of the world to showcase their skills and competencies and be involved in the
development of every nation. They are now part of the work force who contributes to the
success of every organization leading towards a common goal, (Dotong, C. I. 2014).
One of the social problems our country has is to provide excellent jobs for every graduate.
It is not new to us that Filipinos can be seen in different countries showcasing their talents
and expertise. They mirrored of how the Filipino graduates had come so far. It is the role
of Pilgrim Christian College to offer the best education in helping their graduates to
compete in all corners of the world. Advanced graduate study is a continuing professional
education that caters to the needs of individuals from industries and academe to further
enhance the knowledge and skills suitable for their respective work assignments,
(Buenviaje, Encio, Refozar, Anuran, Camello, & Laguador 2016).

Statement of the Study

This study determined the factors associated with the employability of BSA
graduates of Pilgrim Christian College from 2017-2018.
Specifically, this study is guided by the following objectives:
1. What are the personal details of the graduates in terms of the following personal
Characteristics?
1.1 Gender
1.2 Civil Status
2. To determine the job placement profile of the respondents in terms of:
2.1 Job after graduation
2.2 Present employment
2.3 Reasons if unemployed
2.4 Employment Status and Nature of Employment
3. Determine the relevance of the following school-related factors to the job placement of
the respondents in terms of:
3.1 Academic-knowledge
3.2 Problem-solving skills
3.3 Research Skills
 3.4 Learning efficiency
3.5 Communication skills
3.6 Information technology skills
4. Determine the relevance of the following school-related factors to the job placement of
the respondents in terms of curriculum, Instruction and facilities of the program.

Significance of the Study

Hopefully the results of the study will be used to document outcomes related to
Pilgrim Christian College – PILGRIM Campus in becoming a Center of Excellence and
Development in accountancy education, and for the administration to address the needs
of the graduates to be able to meet the demands of the profession, to continually improve
program quality, and to serve as baseline data for planning activities.

For the faculty of instruction, it will help identify areas that needs to be improved or
strengthened in order to keep abreast with the changes in demand of the profession in
the market. It will provide information where continuing professional development is
essential. The study will also identify what are the required materials, processes or
enhancement in the teaching methods or even the support facilities that would be used
to make instruction effective.

Methology
This tracer study used descriptive research design. It involves the collection of data
in the attempt to test the hypothesis and so with the different questions posted as regards
to the status of the subject under study. It emphasized that descriptive research is a
purposive process of gathering, analyzing, classifying and tabulating data about the
prevailing conditions, practices, beliefs, process, trends and cause and effect relationship,
thereby making adequate and accurate interpretations about such data with or without
the aid of a statistical method. (Cited Laguador, 2010)the researchers used all the
possible means of communicating with the BS Accountancy graduates. They have
contacted them through calls, texts messages, face-to-face communication, Facebook,
messenger, email and through friends, and students. Answered questionnaires were then
forwarded either through personal, email and messenger applications.
Theoretical Framework
This study is anchored on the Accounting as a discipline has existed since the 15th
century. Since then, both businesses and economies have greatly evolved. Accounting
theory is a continuously evolving subject, and it must adapt to new ways of doing
business, new technological standards and gaps that are discovered in reporting
mechanisms. For example, organizations such as the International Accounting Standards
Board help create and revise practical applications of accounting theory, and
professionals such as CPAs help companies navigate new and established accounting
standards.
According to Prof.Hendriksen, “Accounting Theory may be defined as logical
reasoning in the form of a set of broad principles that provide a general frame of reference
by which accounting practice can be evaluated and guide the development of new
practices and procedures. To be absolutely able to solve any real world accounting
problem, an accountant should have sufficient practical experience aided by adequate
theoretical knowledge. Generally accepted accounting principles, widely used customs,
conventions, doctrines, procedures and postulates constitute accounting theories. Thus,
a logical and confirmed hypothesis, accepted a general by all, may be called Accounting
Theory. As all other theories are based on sound and solid reasoning. Accounting
Theories are similarly based on sound reasoning.
 Conceptual Framework

Input Process

Profile of the Respondents

* Sex The process of this study was

assisted with the school mission, to
* Age
produce graduates with Christian
* Civil Status values of FIRES:

* First Choice Course

* Source of Finances Personal Faith

* Monthly Income Integrity

Output
Responsibility

Status of BS Psychology Exellence and

Graduates Assessed
Services Extent of the Status of
the Graduates of Bachelor of
* Employer Science in Accountancy

* Employment Status

* Nature of Work Directory of BS Accountancy

Graduates
* Job Hunting Period

* Reason for Getting theJob

Key words: BS Accountancy, CPA, Communication, Employment, intellectual skill,
Eduction,
* Reason for Accepting the Job

Contributory Factors that

Develop Graduates

College Life Experience

Life Satisfaction of the BS

Accountancy Graduates

Course(s) training
 CHAPTER 2

Review Related Literature

Theoretical Framework
Human Capital Theory. Human capital theory emphasizes hoe education increases the
productivity and efficiency of workers by increasing the level of cognitive stocks of
economically productive human capability which is a product of innate abilities and
investment in human beings, (Olaniyan, D. A., & Okemakinde, T. 2008). Education and
training are the most important investments in human capital. No discussion of human
capital can omit the influence of families on the knowledge, skills, values, and habits of
their children. Parents have a large influence on the education, marital stability, and many
other dimensions of their children's lives. It is clear that all countries which have managed
persistent growth in income have also had large increases in the education and training
of their labor forces, (Becker, G. S. 1994). According to Fagerlind and Saha (1997),
human capital theory provides a basic justification for large public expenditure on
education both in developing and developed countries, (Olaniyan, D. A., & Okemakinde,
T. 2008).

Employability Skills Theory. This review has focused on the views of employers
concerning the skills required of both new entrants to the workforce and established
employees. Employers are clearly a key stakeholder group in identifying the skills people
needs to obtain, hold and develop in employment, and to create new employment
opportunities for others. It is in the interests of businesses themselves, and the wider
community, for employers to be as explicit as possible about the skills they require, and
to work closely with education and training providers in helping to develop those skills.
One of the key conclusions of the review is that what employers are saying about key
employability skills is largely consistent with the broad objectives of the education and
training systems. Many terms are used to describe characteristics that people should
develop and demonstrate through education and training but that transcend the particular
discipline area of the study and that are applicable to a wide range of contexts. They are
variously referred to as skills, competencies, qualities, or attributes, (Curtis, D., &
McKenzie, P. 2001).
Emotional Intelligence Theory. Emotions are not only wellsprings of intuitive wisdom;
they also provide us with potentially profitable information every minute of the day. But it
isn't enough just to have emotions. You have to know how to acknowledge and value
feelings in yourself and in others, and how to respond to them appropriately. People who
possess such qualities are using emotional intelligence - the ability to sense, understand,
and effectively apply the power and acumen of emotions as a source of human energy,
information, trust, creativity, and influence. Research suggests that people with high
levels of emotional intelligence (measured by EQ, the emotional-intelligence equivalent
of IQ) experience more career success, build stronger personal relationships, lead more
effectively, and enjoy better health than those with low EQ. People with high emotional
intelligence motivate themselves and others to greater accomplishment. Research shows
that emotions, properly managed, can drive trust, loyalty, and commitment - and many of
the greatest productivity gains, innovations, and accomplishments of individuals, teams,
and organizations. Nick Zeniuk, a former leader of an executive team at Ford Motor
Company, "Emotional intelligence is the hidden advantage. If you take care of the soft
stuff, the hard stuff takes care of itself." As leaders worldwide are discovering, attention
to emotions has been shown to save time, expand opportunities, and focus energy for
better results. Studies suggest that it is emotional intelligence (and the related aspects of
practical-creative intelligence), not IQ or raw brainpower alone, that underpins many of
the best decisions, most dynamic organizations, and most satisfying and successful lives.
Yale psychologist Robert Sternberg - who coined the term successful intelligence - says,
"If IQ rules, it is only because we let it. And when we let it rule, we choose a bad master."
We are paying a drastic price, in our personal lives and organizations, for our attempts to
separate our hearts from our heads and our emotions from our intellect. It can't be done.
We need both, and we need them working together, (Cooper, R. K. 1997).
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter gives an outline of research methods that were followed in the study. It
provides information on the participants, that is, the criteria for inclusion in the study, who
the participants were and how they were sampled. The researcher describes the research
design that was chosen for the purpose of this study and the reasons for this choice. The
instrument that was used for data collection is also described and the procedures that
were followed to carry out this study are included. The researcher also discusses the
methods used to analyze the data.

I. RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is the backbone of the entire research process. Since the research
problem was well defined and all the variables related to the study are well established,
the research fits well as a descriptive research design. The study attempts to confine its
framework to students Pilgrim Christian College in a year of 2017-2018 in the school of
Business and accountancy.

II. RESEARCH SETTING

The school of business and accountancy in Pilgrim Christian College chosen for this study
is one of the amazing schools in Cagayan de oro city. It has a three storage of building
with the capacity of 600 plus and offers a variety of different courses and TESDA. Having
realized the need for terminal care within the private region, all the staff and faculty here
in PCC was trained and graduate in masters degree and pass in the board exam and
their mission is to help and to produce graduates with the Christian values . However it is
also important for working teachers in the unit to provide the continuity of care needed in
teaching and attitudes of all teachers involved in student care was addressed.

III. RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION

At this study the research instrument that the researcher use only a questionnaires and
we distribute our questionnaires by face to face and we add a small interview to the
respondent for more info.

IV. DATA COLLECTION

A questionnaire was chosen as data collection instrument. A questionnaire is a
printed self-report form designed to elicit information that can be obtained through the
written responses of the subjects. The information obtained through a questionnaire
 is similar to that obtained by an interview, but the questions tend to have less depth
(Burns & Grove 1993:368).
Data was collected with the aid of questionnaires to evaluate the patients’ or
employee under PCC graduated knowledge. Questionnaires were decided upon
because of the following:

 They ensured a high response rate as the questionnaires were distributed to

respondents to complete and were collected personally by the researcher.
 They required less time and energy to administer.
 They offered the possibility of anonymity because subjects’ names were not
required on the completed questionnaires.
 There was less opportunity for bias as they were presented in a consistent
manner.
 Most of the items in the questionnaires were closed, which made it easier to
compare the responses to each item.

V. SCORING PROCEDURES
After collecting data from the sample teachers, and students with the help of the selected
tools, collected data was scored in the following manner.

VI. STATISTICS TOOLS

Statistics is that science in which facts are collected in the form of figure with a certain
aim in view. Then these facts or dates are so classified that an event may be followed
properly. It classifies and arranges the data and tries to explain the event may be followed
properly. It classifies and arranges the data and tries to explain the events by arranging
them in a methodical manner. In the present study the investigator has used the following
statistical techniques: Data collected through questionnaire was tabulated and analyzed
through statistical treatment.
Mean
It is most popular and widely used measure for representing the entire data by one value
is what most laymen call an average and what the statisticians call the arithmetic mean.
Its value is obtained by adding together all the items and by dividing this total with the
number of items.
Mean (M) (x=∑x/N)
Where,
M= Mean.
N= Number of personality attributes under study.
∑x= sum of total number of observations in different personality traits.

Standard Deviation
The standard deviation concept was introduced by Karl person in 1823. It is a special
form of average deviation from the mean standard deviation is the square root of the sum
of the squares of the individual deviations from the mean divided by the number of items.
In other words, the standard deviation is the root-mean square of the deviations from the
arithmetic mean.
The standard deviation measures the absolute dispersion the greater the standard
deviation, for the greater will be the magnitude of the deviations of the values from their
mean. A small standard deviation means a high degree of uniformity of the observation
as well as homogeneity of a series a large standard deviation means just the opposite.
Standard deviation of any distribution shows the dispersion of the scattered scores in that
distribution along with mean, here in the present study the standard deviation was
calculated by using the following data.
Where,
S.D. = Standard Deviation
∑ = Sum of all (total)
d = Deviation of particular observation from mean
d= square of deviations.
N = Total No of observations in a table.