Corporate governance is the collection of mechanisms, processes and relations by which

corporations are controlled and directed.[1] Governance structures and principles identify the
distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the corporation (such as
the board of directors, managers, shareholders, creditors, auditors, regulators, and other
stakeholders) and include the rules and procedures for making decisions in corporate affairs.[2]
Corporate governance is necessary because of the possibility of conflicts of interests between
stakeholders[3], primarily between shareholders and upper management or among shareholders.

Corporate governance includes the processes through which corporations' objectives are set and
pursued in the context of the social, regulatory and market environment. These include
monitoring the actions, policies, practices, and decisions of corporations, their agents, and
affected stakeholders. Corporate governance practices can be seen as attempts to align the
interests of stakeholders

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_governance

Three Types of Corporate Governance

Mechanisms
by Osmond Vitez ; Updated September 26, 2017

Corporate governance is the policies and procedures a company implements to control and protect the
interests of internal and external business stakeholders. It often represents the framework of policies
and guidelines for each individual in the business. Larger organizations often use corporate governance
mechanisms to manage their businesses because of their size and complexity. Publicly held corporations
are also primary users of corporate governance mechanisms.

Board of Directors

A board of directors protects the interests of a company’s shareholders. The shareholders use the
board to bridge the gap between them and company owners, directors and managers. The board
is often responsible for reviewing company management and removing individuals who don't
improve the company’s overall financial performance. Shareholders often elect individual board
members at the corporation’s annual shareholder meeting or conference. Large private
organizations may use a board of directors, but their influence in the absence of shareholders
may diminish.

Audits

Audits are an independent review of a company’s business and financial operations. These
corporate governance mechanisms ensure that businesses or organizations follow national
accounting standards, regulations or other external guidelines. Shareholders, investors, banks and
the general public rely on this information to provide an objective assessment of an organization.
Audits also can improve an organization’s standing in the business environment. Other
companies may be more willing to work with a company that has a strong track record of
operations.

Balance of Power

Balancing power in an organization ensures that no one individual has the ability to overextend
resources. Segregating duties between board members, directors, managers and other individuals
ensures that each individual’s responsibility is well within reason for the organization. Corporate
governance also can separate the number of functions that one division or department completes
within an organization. Creating well-defined roles also keep the organization flexible, ensuring
that operational changes or new hires can be made without interrupting current operations.

https://bizfluent.com/list-7168617-three-types-corporate-governance-mechanisms.html

https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20170920070153-78-242846/ojk-praktik-gcg-perusahaan-
indonesia-masih-tertinggal

https://economy.okezone.com/read/2017/04/17/278/1669893/tata-kelola-perusahaan-indonesia-
termasuk-peringkat-bawah-di-asia-tenggara

https://investasi.kontan.co.id/news/peringkat-tata-kelola-emiten-indonesia-naik-di-jajaran-asean
Tata Kelola Perusahaan
Tata Kelola Perusahaan atau Corporate Governance (selanjutnya disebut sebagai CG)
merupakan suatu sistem yang dirancang untuk mengarahkan pengelolaan perusahaan secara
profesional berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip transparansi, akuntabilitas, tanggung jawab, independen,
kewajaran dan kesetaraan. BEI sebagai fasilitator dan regulator pasar modal di Indonesia
memiliki komitmen untuk menjadi Bursa Efek yang sehat dan berdaya saing global.

Penerapan komitmen CG yang baik atau biasa disebut Good Corporate Governance (GCG)
terkandung pada misi Perusahaan yaitu menciptakan daya saing untuk menarik investor dan
emiten melalui pemberdayaan Anggota Bursa dan Partisipan, penciptaan nilai tambah, efisiensi
biaya serta penerapan good governance.

BEI telah berhasil menerapkan pedoman, kerangka kerja serta prinsip-prinsip CG secara efektif
dan efisien dalam kegiatan operasional Perusahaan dan senantiasa memperbaiki praktik CG di
masa yang akan datang. Manfaat dari penerapan GCG dapat berdampak positif pada terciptanya
akuntabilitas Perusahaan, transaksi yang wajar dan independen, serta kehandalan dan
peningkatan kualitas informasi kepada publik.

Tujuan BEI menerapkan CG yaitu:

1. Sebagai pedoman bagi Dewan Komisaris dalam melaksanakan pengawasan dan pemberian
saran-saran kepada Direksi dalam pengelolaan Perusahaan.

2. Sebagai pedoman bagi Direksi agar dalam menjalankan kegiataan sehari-hari Perusahaan
dilandasi dengan nilai moral yang tinggi dengan memperhatikan Anggaran Dasar, etika bisnis,
perundang-undangan dan peraturan yang berlaku lainnya.

3. Sebagai pedoman bagi jajaran manajemen dan karyawan BEI dalam melaksanakan kegiatan
maupun tugasnya sehari-hari sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip CG.

Strategi BEI agar implementasi CG berjalan dengan baik (GCG) yaitu:

1. Memelihara Pedoman, Piagam, dan Prosedur Tata Kelola secara konsisten

BEI melakukan proses review secara berkala terhadap Pedoman, Piagam dan Prosedur. Hal ini
bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas Pedoman, Piagam, Prosedur sehingga BEI dapat
menghasilkan kinerja yang lebih baik.

2. Sosialisasi yang berkesinambungan mengenai prinsip-prinsip CG

BEI telah melakukan proses sosialisasi yang berkesinambungan mengenai prinsip-prinsip CG
tersebut kepada seluruh karyawan dan stakeholder. Sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk menanamkan
prinsip-prinsip CG kepada seluruh karyawan, sehingga dalam menjalankan kegiatan operasional
Perusahaan, karyawan selalu patuh terhadap ketentuan CG.
 3. Penilaian pihak ketiga atas pelaksanaan CG di BEI
BEI meyakini bahwa penilaian pihak ketiga akan meningkatkan kualitas CG.

https://www.idx.co.id/tentang-bei/tata-kelola-perusahaan/