PAPER DOME CHALLENGE 2018

PROPOSAL

This is the proposal of group B-2 for paper dome design under Structural
Analysis 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents
Group Members __________________________________________________________________________________________ 1
Introduction ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 1
Proposed Design ______________________________________________________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
SAP 2000 analysis________________________________________________________________________________________ 4
Conclusion _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 6
 GROUP MEMBERS

150384B MADUSANKA, K.A.K.

150385E MADUSHANKA,P.H.S.

150404N MEDDAGE, D.P.P.

150429U PALLIKKONDA, K.D.

150454P PERERA, P.W.U.S.

150673K WEERARATHNE, H.K.N.D.

INTRODUCTION
Domes are thin shells in the form of surfaces of revolution. They are self-supporting
structures and they take the form of an arch distributing external loads around the sides
and down to the foundation. They are tightly compacted by gravity and external loads are
carried by the compressive forces that develop internally. A dome, like an arch is
characterized by a thrust. A thrust comprises of two forces; the weight of the structure and
the horizontal thrust. The thrust acts downwards but the overall direction is dependent on
the profile of the arch and weight. The weight and flatness of an arch affect the horizontal
thrust; the flatter an arch the larger the horizontal thrust.

A dome is generated from the rotation of an arch about a central axis and therefore
can be viewed as multiple arches with multiple forces. This network of circular forces and
lines of thrust create a net of compression forces over the surface of the dome, which
provide resistance to external stresses.

In our case we build the dome using 2D trusses model and, we use the A4 papers. In a
dome structure concern two types of stress: the stress that acts in the meridional direction
and the stress that acts in the parallel direction.so that we model that paths using trusses.
In the trusses have only axial loads so that truss model is fulfill our needs to distribute shell
stress along the truss.

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 PROPOSED DESIGN

Material of Dome elements – A4 – 80gsm Papers

Connection – Cellotaphs Binding (Figure 02)

Design Load - 600g

Plan Area – symmetrical DECAGON

Diameter - 450 mm ± 𝟓𝒎𝒎

Height – 250mm ± 𝟓𝒎𝒎

Main Element length = 450/ (1 +√5) = 139mm

Elements: Two type of rolled paper elements (Hollow) (See fig. 01)

TYPE A: 140mm Width, 105mm Length - 35

TYPE B: 125mm Width,105mm Length -30

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 Figure 01

Figure 02

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 SAP 2000 ANALYSIS

Assumptions

• All the joints behave as “Pinned “connections hence no Bending Moment induced
• Supports are pinned supports (In real connections duct tape connection will not
bear any moment)
• No eccentricity of axial loads

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 SAP Analysis Results 01

01 Figure 03

TABLE: Element Forces - Frames

Frame Station OutputCase CaseType P FrameElem
Text mm Text Text KN Text
105 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.003767 105-1
106 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.003767 106-1
107 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.003767 107-1
108 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.003767 108-1
109 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.003767 109-1
80 0 DEAD LinStatic 0.002191 80-1
81 0 DEAD LinStatic 0.002191 81-1
82 0 DEAD LinStatic 0.002191 82-1
83 0 DEAD LinStatic 0.002191 83-1
84 0 DEAD LinStatic 0.002191 84-1
98 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.000975 98-1
99 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.0004127 99-1
100 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.000975 100-1
101 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.000975 101-1
102 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.000975 102-1
103 0 DEAD LinStatic -0.000975 103-1

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 CONCLUSION

When axial load is considered maximum Compressive axial load 0.0037kN in most
upper elements. Maximum tensile axial load will be induced in upper most
circumference elements which is 0.002kN.

Proposed dome elements would be able to withstand analyzed loads since that elements
have good axial load capacity. Following order of priority of failures can be predicted
mainly in the design.

1. Element Edge: This failure can be predicted since element geometry can be
deviated while construction of joints. Eccentricity of loads can induce Bending
Moment which is unfavorable for paper elements. Structure will fail with bending
near connection(edge) of elements – 105,106,107,108 or 109 (See figure 03)
2. Connection failure: Axial load is transferred to dome elements by Cellotaph
connections. During construction of dome, consistency and quality will not be
able to maintain. Hence Connection failure can be predicted in most upper
circumference element joints (see figure 03 -01)

Design techniques,

• To maintain pinned condition connecting elements without overlapping and hard

binding with cellotaphs.
• Identical hollow paper element construction.

Upon Prediction Maximum Load can withstand by proposed Paper dome – 600g

Number of A4 (80gsm) Papers - 17

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