You are on page 1of 26

ACID BASE BALANCE

Allen’s Test
Normal Values
PH – 7.35 – 7.45
PaCO2 – 35 - 45 mmHg
HCO3 – 22 -26 meq/L
•Mild Hypoxemia (60-79mmHg)
•Moderate Hypoxemia (40-59mmHg)
•Severe Hypoxemia (less than 40mmHg)
The patient has been taken blood samples
for ABG Analysis. As a nurse what will be
your interpretation of the Acid Base and
Balance of the Body if the patient has the
following lab findings:
PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30
1. IDENTIFY THE PH
ALKALOSIS – if more than 7.45
ACIDOSIS – if less than 7.35

Norma ALKA – 7.41 – 7.45


Normal ACI – 7.35 – 7.39
PH – 7. 32 acidosis
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30

ACIDOSIS
2. IDENTIFY THE CAUSE
(RESPI / META)
PaCO2
 ACI – if more than 45mmHg
 ALKA – if less than 35 mmHg

HCO3
 ACI – If less than 22
 ALKA – if more than 26
2. IDENTIFY THE CAUSE
(RESPI / META)
Identify who has the same state as
the PH and that is the cause.
PaCO2 (RESPIRATORY)
HCO3 (METABOLIC)
PH – 7. 32 acidosis
PCO2 – 50 acidosis
HCO3 - 30 alkalosis

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
3. IDENTIFY IF THERE
IS COMPENSATION
Look at the remaining component:
Uncompensated – normal
Compensated – if opposite
PH – 7. 32 acidosis
PCO2 – 50 acidosis
HCO3 - 30 alkalosis opposite

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS COMPENSATED


4. IDENTIFY THE TYPE
COMPENSATION
FULLY – if PH is Normal
PARTIALLY – if PH is Abnormal
PH – 7. 32 acidosis
PCO2 – 50 acidosis
HCO3 - 30 alkalosis opposite

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS COMPENSATED


PARTIALLY COMPENSATED
LET’S TEST
YOUR SKILLS
1. Identify the PH
PH – 7. 47 2. Determine the Cause
PCO2 – 57 3. Identify if there is
HCO3 - 40 compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

METABOLIC ALKALOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED


1. Identify the PH
PH – 7. 60 2. Determine the Cause
PCO2 – 10 3. Identify if there is
HCO3 - 21 compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

RESIRATORY ALKALOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED


1. Identify the PH
PH – 7. 30 2. Determine the Cause
PCO2 – 59 3. Identify if there is
HCO3 - 25 compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

RESIRATORY ACIDOSIS UNCOMPENSATED


1. Identify the PH
PH – 7. 43 2. Determine the Cause
PCO2 – 29 3. Identify if there is
HCO3 - 15 compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS FULLY COMPENSATED


1. Identify the PH
PH – 7. 37 2. Determine the Cause
PCO2 – 20 3. Identify if there is
HCO3 – 20 compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS FULLY COMPENSATED


PH – 7. 22
PCO2 – 67
HCO3 – 50

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED


PH – 7. 10
PCO2 – 13
HCO3 – 9

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED


PH – 7. 49
PCO2 – 35
HCO3 – 28

METABOLIC ALKALOSIS UNCOMPENSATED


 80 – 100 mmhg – NO HYPOXEMIA
 60-79mmHg - MILD HYPOXEMIA
 40-59mmHg - MODERATE HYPOXEMIA
 <40mmHg - SEVERE HYPOXEMIA
PH – 7. 41
PCO2 – 55
HCO3 – 30
O2 - 50

METABOLIC ALKA FULLY COMPENSATED


PH – 7. 40
PCO2 – 35
HCO3 – 25
O2 - 89

NORMAL / ACID BASE BALANCE

You might also like