Effects of coaching style to BulSU athletes on their sports performance”

Chapter 1

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Coaching help athletes grow, develop and learn new skills under the command of a

seasoned expert teams implement coaching to align the goals and targets it provides benefits to

the team and to the student athlete being coached.

Coach can help the new student athlete to adjust in the particular team. Young

professional athlete may not cope up immediately to the team, but the coach can provide them

with all the information, structures and procedures that will help them to know more about the

existing team.

Coaching where one person instructs, counsel and tutors another in how to improve his or

her performance. It increases personal satisfaction, inspire person to excel build self-trust and

fosters on performance. Effective coaching sometimes bring out the best on the person. Together,

they are both included to the success.

For most athletes, they consider their coach an element of competitive experience. They

see that their coach helps them to perform their best ability, develop their strong character and

gain their self-confidence.

Coaches, athletes, parents, and league administrators have the responsibility of gaining

knowledge to better understand the impact that these coaches and their coaching styles have on

the athletes with whom they associate. The coaching style that a coach develops or adopts can
have a positive or a negative effect on his or her athletes, and it is important to understand the

impact that attitude, demeanor, personality, and overall leadership style has on athletes. Because

coaches play such a vital role in sport teams due to the fact that they are responsible for creating

and maintaining an ideal condition for players to fulfill their fullest potential, if a coach does not

develop a coaching style that is capable of gaining the attention, respect, and will to improve

from his or her athletes, it is likely that he or she will not be able to motivation them in any form,

which leads to a lack of success.

Every work place needs a coach to be more successful. Just like every student athlete,

they need to reach their full potential. But not all athletes depend on their coaches who are

always there. Some student athletes prefer self-motivating for them to have their full potential

and energy.
Statement of the problem

The study needs to answer “how does coaching style affect the performance on the

athlete on their specific sport?”

1. How may the coaches be described in terms of their style?

A. Autocratic.

B. Democratic

C. Laissez fair

2. How does the coach style affect the sports performance on BulSU athletes?

3. What recommendation can we derive from the pert of the study?

HYPOTHESIS

The researchers’ objective in conducting this study is to know whether coaching style matters to

the varsity students. The following hypothesis will be tested in the later part of this study.

 Coaching style has no significant effect to the varsity students

• Coaching style has significant effect to the varsity students

Scope and Delimitation

The scope of this study includes five student athletes representative on each BulSU Varsity Team

SY 2017-2018. It includes also knowing if coaching really matters in the student athletes.
Figure 1. Conceptual framework

As we see based upon mentioned theories the coach is the head of the team. The coaching

process is the process that the coach goes through while coaching the athlete’s. the motivation

process is partly unintegrated part of coaching process and when a coach is using these process it

might lead to motivation of the team.

Significance of the Study

Coach/ Trainor’s- coach and Trainor’s have their different styles of coaching they have been

developed through their existence on their field. The researchers' hope that the present study will

enlightened the readers regarding their different style of coaching, whether it affects or not to

every athlete.

Future coach/ Trainor’s/ researcher- the information that is presented in this study can be used by

them in order to have background in their future field regarding coaching style affecting athletes'

performance.

Coach- this study will help the coach to improve his or her in the future

Students- this study will help the students to analyze if really coaching affects ones performance.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Motivate- too give (someone) a reason for doing something

Collegiately- of or relating to a college or its students

Various-used to refer several different or many different things

Peers-a person who belongs to the same age or group or social group as someone else

Career-a job or profession that someone does for a long time

Institution-a place where an organization takes care of people for usually long period of time

Training-a process by which someone is taught the skills that are needed for an art, profession or

job

Individual-of, relating to, or existing as just one member of part of a larger group

Athlete-a person who is trained in or good at sports, games, or exercise that require physical skill

and strength

Sports-to wear [something] in a way that attracts attention

Competing-to try get or win something [such as a prize or reward that someone else is also trying

to win; to try to be better or more successful that someone or something else

Attributes-a usually good quality or featured that someone or something has

Immediacy-the quality that makes something seem important or interesting because it is or seems

to be happening now
Autocratic-Autocratic coaching is the dictatorship of coaching styles. The coach is generally the

only one who has input and makes decisions autonomously when considering the direction of

their team. With autocratic coaching, coaches might explain the objectives and goals to their

players (and they can ask limited questions), but the coach has ultimate say in regards to how the

team acts and plays.

Democratic-This coaching style prefers active communication and team involvement. Coaches

who use the democratic style encourage players to voice their opinions and thoughts in order to

make the best decisions. This engagement usually results in a stronger relationship with the team

as well as a closer inter-team bond.

Liaises fair- This style covers more than just sport-related interactions: Holistic coaching adds
aspects of life coaching to the responsibilities of a sports coach. It is a style that considers aspects
beyond the athlete’s physical and mental states such as their emotional and spiritual states.
 Chapter 2

This chapter provides an overview of previous research on knowledge sharing and intranets. It

introduces the framework for the case study that comprises the main focus of the research

described in this thesis.

Related Theory

Jernstorm, state that in the world of coaching there are many different styles and

philosophies. Coaches develop their own personal style trough mentors, personality,

experiences’, and the identity they want them and their team to have.

According to per Mohen and Peters (2014) coach is considered someone who trains,

instructs, or gives advice to an athlete in order to improve their physical and mental performance

in their sport.

Hyun-Duck & Cruz( 2016) state that Not only does a coach have the responsibility of taking the

authoritative role over a team or group of athletes, teaching technical skills, and in most cases

winning; he or she has the responsibility of motivating athletes, supporting them, and enabling

them to fulfil their fullest potential

According to Jones, Wells, Peter’s, & Johnson, (1993), leadership is the quality of getting

members to think and behave in the same way as the leader and getting them to agree that the

leaders way is the right path to follow.

Mageau & Vallerand, 2003 state that although the literature tends to focus on the characteristics

of the autonomy supportive coach, there are a number of characteristics and behaviours that can

be identified in a controlling coach and the vast majority of these behaviours are in direct
contrast to those of an autonomy supportive coach. Controlling coaches tend to provide no

choices or rationales for their athletes, and although they do provide feedback, it is often

negative.

Over time leadership has been defined in terms of individual traits, leader behaviour,

interaction patterns, role relationship, follower perceptions, influences over followers, influence

on task goals, and influences on organizational culture (Yuki & Van Fleet, 1992)

Barrow (1997, p.232) defines leadership as the “behavioural process that influences

individuals and groups towards set goals”.

Related Literature

According to Deci and Ryan, 1995 Being autonomy supportive coach, means that the individual

takes into account their athletes’ perspective, engages with and acknowledges their athletes’

feeling, and provide athletes with pertinent information and opportunities for choice

Rieke, Hammermeister, and Chase (2008) stated that recent years, there has been extensive

research conducted on coaching styles and their effect on athlete motivation. Examined how

coaches who were perceived as autonomy supportive, or referred to in their study as “servant

leaders,” were associated with their athletes’ motivation.

According to Mageau & Vallerand, (2003), coaches who are identified by their athletes

as autonomy supportive are also described as pro-social and approachable.

 Per moen, Hoigard and Peters (2014) note the primary role of the coach is to help his or

her athletes in order to improve their physical and mental performance in their sport.

Related Studies

Leadership can be defined as a process whereby an individual influences a group of

individuals to achieve a common goal (Northouse, 2001, p.3)

in contrast to intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation occurs when an individual is engaging in

an activity in order to obtain outcomes that are not self-determined, and these actions are

experiences because of outside pressures (Hodge & Lonsdale, 2011). In sport, extrinsically

motivated athletes seek to gain rewards instead of meeting their goals and aligning actions with

their values (Deci & Ryan, 2000). Athletes who show high levels of extrinsic motivation exhibit

motivated behavior in sport only to satisfy external pressures, and in some cases to avoid

punishment (Horn, Bloom, Berglund & Packard, 2011). According to Ryan and Deci (2000), and

their concept of the Self-Determination Theory, there are four types of extrinsic motivation that

vary in their relative autonomy, meaning that different forms of extrinsic motivation can possibly

be self-determined, and they are identified as external regulation, introjected regulation,

identified regulation, and integrated regulation.

 Conceptual framework

1. Command style (the

dictator)
a. Coach makes all
decision.
b. Athletes listen, absorb
and comply.
2. Submissive style ( the baby 1. Autocratic
sitter)
1. Profile a. Coaches provide
minimal instruction and
guidance.
b. Coaches lack 2. Democratic
A. Age
B. Gender competence, are lazy,
C. Event or are missing formed
D. Year coaching.
3. Cooperative style (the
teacher)
a. Coaches share decision 3. Liaises fair
making with athletes.
b. The challenge of this
style is balancing when
to direct athletes and
when to let them direct
them selves.
 Chapter 3

This chapter will present the methodology that was used in order to gather data for the

research question. The chapter will include the following discussions: research purpose, research

approach, research strategy, data collection tools, expected models of analysis and quality

standers. Finally, we explain the analytical strategy and quality standards of the research.

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Purpose of research

The purpose of this research can be explore, describe or explain. In this thesis, will

practice all the three however, we are primarily qualitative.

Exploratory research is used when the researcher wants to formulate the precise problem and

give the researcher an orientation of what previously known within the subject.Exploratory give

the research is also used when a problem is difficult to limit and when the researcher is uncertain

what models to use and what characteristic that are important. (Erickson and Paul 1997)

Research Design

The study used descriptive survey method of research. This includes the gathering, recording,

analysis, and interpretation of data collected.

Descriptive research can be explained as a statement of affairs as they are at present

with the researcher having no control over variable. Moreover, “descriptive studies may
be characterized as simply the attempt to determine, describe or identify what is, while analytical

research attempts to establish why it is that way or how it came to be”

Descriptive research is “aimed at casting light on current issues or problems through a process of

data collection that enables them to describe the situation more completely than was possible

without employing this method.”

Quantitative research was used in this study. Quantitative methods emphasize objective

measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through

polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using

computational techniques. Quantitative research focuses on gathering numerical data and

generalizing it across groups of people or to explain a particular phenomenon.

Respondents

The respondents in this study consist of athletes SY 2017-2018 in BulSU.

Research Instrument

Questionnaires were used as the main instrument of the study. Through the use of questionnaires,

the needed data were obtained. The researchers used a set of printed questions to collect different

information from the respondents.

Regarding the questionnaires, the questions are close-ended, where the respondents were asked

to select only one from the list given.

Data Gathering Procedure

Survey a questionnaire was used as the main instrument on gathering data’s for this study. The

questionnaires were personally distributed to the athletes. The data collected were tabulated and

analyzed using appropriate statistical formulas. Survey schedule were based on the free time of

every athlete.

Data processing and Statistical Treatment

The study used the following statistical treatment: percentage, frequency distribution and waited

mean. The data were examined to develop scores for each variable. Responses to the individual

questions were tabulated and waited means scores were computed. Percentage is a tool used to

determine the ratio of the response out of the total population.

P= f x 100

Frequency distribution is a tabulation of the values that one or more variables take in a simple.

Each entry to the table contains the frequency of the count of occurrences of the values in every

particular group or interval, and in this way the table summarize the distribution pf values in the

sample.
 Another method used is weighted mean. The term weighted average usually refers to a

weighted arithmetic mean. It is an average computed by giving different weighs to some of the

individual values. The notion of weighted mean place a role in descriptive statistics and also

occurs in a more general form in several other areas of mathematics.