CHRONOLOGY TABLE FOR ANE KINGDOMS

___________________

A Paper

Presented to

Dr. Gordon Johnston

Dallas Theological Seminary

___________________

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Course

BS1001 OT Background

___________________

by

Zhihui “Will” Zhao

February 2019

File #1064
 Egypt

Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date
Early Dynastic (3000-2686) First Intermediate (2160-2055) IntefVII(Nubkheperra)
? 22nd Dynasty (945-715)
1st Dynasty (3000-2890) 9th and 10 th Dynasties (2160-2025)
IntefVIII (Sekhemraherhermaat)
? Sheshonq I (Hedjkheperra)
945-924?
Aha ? (Herakleopolitan) Sobekemsafll ? Osorkon I (Sekhemkheperra)
924-889?
Djer ? Khety (Meryibra) ? Siamun(?) ? Takelot I 889-874?
Djet ? Khety (Nebkaura)? Taa (Senakhtenra/Seqenenra)
ca 1560 Osorkon II (Usermaatra)
874-850?
Den ? Khety (Wahkara) ? Kamose (Wadjkheperra)
1555-1550 Takelot II (Hedjkheperra)
850-825?
Queen Merneith ? Merykara ? New Kingdom (1550-1069) Sheshonq III (Usermaatra)
825-773?
Anedjib ? 11th Dynasty (Thebes only, 2125-2055)
18th Dynasty (1550-1295) Pimay (Usermaatra)
773-767?
Semerkhet ? Mentuhotep I, Intef
2125-2112
I Ahmose (Nebpehtyra)
1550-1525 Sheshonq V (Aakheperra)
767-730?
Qa'a ? IntefII (Wahankh)2112-2063 Amenhotep I (Djeserkara)
1525-1504 Osorkon IV 730-715?
2nd Dynasty (2890-2686) Intef III (Nakhtnebtepnefer)
2063-2055 Thutmose I (Aakheperkara)
1504-1492 23rd Dynasty (818-715)
Kings in various centres, contemporary
with the later 22nd, 24th, and early 25th
Hetepsekhemwy ? Middle Kingdom (2055-1650) Thutmose II (Aakheperenra)
1492-1479 dynasties
Raneb ? 11th Dynasty (all Egypt, 2055-1985)Thutmose III (Menkheperra)
1479-1425 Pedubastis I (Usermaatra)
818-793?
Nynetjer ? Mentuhotep II (Nebhepetra)
2055-2004 Queen Hatshepsut
1473-1458
(Maatkara) IuputI 804-803?
Weneg ? Mentuhotep III (Sankhkara)
2004-1992 Amenhotep II (Aakheperura)
1427-1400 SheshonqIV 793-787?
Sened ? Mentuhotep IV (Nebtawyra)
1992-1985 Thutmose IV (Menkheperura)
1400-1390 Osorkon III (Usermaatra)
787-759?
Peribsen ? 12th Dynasty (1985-1773) Amenhotep III (Nebmaatra)
1390-1352 Takelot III 764-757
Khasekhemwy ? Amenernhat I (Sehetepibra)
1985-1965 Amenhotep IV/ Akhenaten
1352-1336(N eferkheperurawaenra)
Rudamon 757-754
Old Kingdom (2686-2160) Senusret I (Kheperkara)
1956-1911 Neferneferuaten (Smenkhkara)
1338-1336 Peftjauawybast ?
3rd Dynasty (2686-2613) Amenemhat II (Nubkaura)
1911-1877 Tutankhamun (N 1336-1327
ebkheperura) IuputII 754-720
Nebka 2686-2667 Senusret II (Khakheperra)
1877-1870 Ay (Kheperkheperura)
1327-1323 24th Dynasty (727-715)
Djoser (Netjerikhet)
2667-2648 Senusret III (Khakaura)
1870-1831 Horemheb (Djeserkheperura)
1323-1295 Bakenrenef (Bocchoris)
720-715
Sekhemkhet 2648-2640 Amenemhat III (Nimaatra)
1831-1786 19th Dynasty (1295-1186) 25th Dyasty (747-656)
Khaba 2640-2637 Amenemhat IV (Maakherura)
1786-1777 Rameses I (Menpehtyra)
1295-1294 Piy (Menkheperra)
747-716
Sanakht? Queen Sobekneferu
1777-1773
(Sobekkara) Sety I (Menmaatra)
1294-1279 Shabaqo (Neferkara)
716-702
Huni 2637-2613 13th Dynasty (1773-after 1650) Rameses II (Usermaatra
1279-1213
Setepenra)
Shabitqo (Djedkaura)
702-690
4th Dynasty (2613-2494) Wegaf (Khutawyra) Merenptah (Baenra)
1213-1203 Taharqo (Khunefertemra)
690-664
Snefem 2613-2589 Sobekhotep II (Sekhemra-khutawy)Amenmessu (Menmira)
1203-1200? Tanutamani (Bakara)
664-656
Khufu (Cheops) 2589-2566 Iykhemefert N eferhotep (Sankhtawy-sekhemra)
Sety II (Userkheperura
1200-1194
Setepenra)
Late Period (664-332)
Djedefra (Radjedef)
2566-2558 Ameny-intef-amenemhat (Sankhibra)
Saptah (Akehnrasetepenra)
1194-1188 26th Dynasty (664-525)
Khafra (Chephren)
2558-2532 Hor (Awibra) Queen Tausret (Sitrameritamun)
1188-1186 Psamtek I (Wahibra)
664-610
Menkaura (Mycerinus)
2532-2503 Khendjer (Userkara) 20th Dynasty (1186-1069) Nekau II (Wehemibra)
610-595
Shepseskaf 2503-2498 Sobekhotep III (Sekhemra-sewadjtawy)
Sethnakht (Userkhaura
1186-1184
Meryamun)
Psamtek II (Neferibra)
595-589
5th Dynasty (2494-2345) Neferhotep I (Khasekhemra) Rameses III (Usermaatra
1184-1153
Meryamun)
Apries (Haaibra) 589-570
Userkaf 2494-2487 Sahathor Rameses IV (Heqamaatra
1153-1147
Setepenamun)
Ahmose II [Amasis]
570-526
(Khnemibra)
Sahura 2487-2475 Sobekhotep IV (Khaneferra) Rameses V (Usermaatra
1147-1143
Sekheperenra)
Psamtek III (Ankhkaenra)
526-525
Neferirkara 2475-2455 Sobekhotep V Rameses VI (Nebmaatra
1143-1136
Meryamun)
27th Dynasty (525-404, 1st Persian)
Shepseskara 2455-2448 Ay (Merneferra) Rameses VII (Usermaatra
1136-1129Setepenra
Cambyses
Meryamun) 525-522
Raneferef 2448-2445 14th Dynasty (1773-1650) Rameses VIII (U sermaatra
1129-1126Akhenamun)
Darius I 522-486
Minor rulers probably contemporary
Nyuserra 2445-2421 with the 13th or 15th Dynasty Rameses IX (Neferkara
1126-1108
Setepenra)
Xerxes I 486-465
Menkauhor 2421-2414 Second Intermediate (1650-1550)Rameses X (Khepermaatra
1108-1099Setepenra)
Artaxerxes I 465-424
Djedkara 2414-2375 15th Dynasty (Hyksos, 1650-1550) Rameses XI (Menmaatra
1099-1069
Setepenptah)
Darius II 424-405
Unas 2375-2345 Salitis / Sekerher Third Intermediate (1069-664) Artaxerxes II 405-359
6th Dynastsy (2345-2181) Khyan (Seuserenra)
ca 1600 21st Dynasty (1069-945) 28th Dynasty (404-399)
Teti 2345-2323 Apepi (Aauserra) ca 1555 Smendes (Hedjkheperra
1069-1043
Setepenra)
Amyrtaios 404-399
Userkara (usurper)
2323-2321 Khamudi Amenemnisu (Neferkara)
1043-1039 29th Dynasty (399-380)
Pepy I (Meryra) 2321-2287 16th Dynasty (1650-1580) Psusennes I [Pasebakhaenniut]
1039-991 Nepherites
(Akheperra ISetepenamun)
[Nefaarud]
399-393
The ban early rulers contemporary
Merenra 2287-2278 with the 15th Dynasty Amenemope (U sermaatra
993-984 Setepenamun)
Hakor [Achoris] (Khnemmaatra)
393-380
Pepy II (Neferkara)
2278-2184 17th Dynasty (ca 1580-1550) Osorkon the Elder984-978
(Akheperra setepenra)
Nepherites II ca 380
Nitiqret 2184-2181 Rahotep ? Siamun (Netjerkheperra
978-959Setepenamun)
30th Dynasty (380-343)
7th and 8th Dynasties (2181-2160)
Sobekemsafl ? Psusennes II [Pasebakhaenniut]
959-945 Nectanebo
(Titkheperura
I (Kheperkara)
Setepenra)
380-362
Numerous kings
called Neferkara IntefVI (Sekhemra)
? Teos (Irma atenra)
362-360
Nectanebo II (Senedjemibra
360-343 setepenanhur)
2nd Persian Period (343-332)
Artaxerxes III Ochus
343-338
Arses 338-336
Darius III Codoman
336-332
 Hittite

Royal Reign Date

Old Kingdom
Labarna ?-1650
Hattusili I 1650-1620
Mursili I 1620-1590
Hantili I 1590-1560
Zidanta I
Ammuna 1560-1525
Huzziya I
Telipinu 1525-1500
Alluwamna
Tahurwaili
Hantili II
1500-1400
Zidanta II
Huzziya II
Muwattalli I
New Kingdom
Tudhaliya I/II
Arnuwanda I
1400-1350
Hattusili II
Tudhaliya III
Suppiluliuma I 1350-1322
Arnuwanda II 1322-1321
Mursili II 1321-1295
Muwattalli II 1295-1272
Urhi-Teshub 1272-1267
Hattusili III 1267-1237
Tudhaliya IV 1237-1228
Kurunta 1228-1227
Tudhaliya IV 1237-1228
Arnuwanda III 1209-1207
Suppiluliuma II 1207-?
 Syro-Palestine

Royal Reign Date

Ebla
Abur-Lîm 2340-2318
Agur-Lîm 2318-2312
Ibbi-Damu 2312-2306
Baga-Damu 2306-2294
Enar-Damu 2294-2282
Iš’ar-Malik 2282-2276
Kun-Damu 2276-2270
Adub-Damu 2270-2264
Igriš-Halab 2264-2252
Irkab-Damu 2252 -2245
Iš’ar-Damu 2245-2210
Ugarit
Mabu’u/’il 1605-1590
Ibirânu I 1590-1575
Ya’dur-Addu/ 1575-1560 Philistines
Niqmepa II 1560-1545
Ibirânu II 1545-1530
Ammurapi I 1530-1515
Niqmepa III 1515-1500
Ibirânu III 1500-1485
Niqmepa IV 1485-1470
Ibirânu IV 1470-1450
Niqmaddu I 1450-1430
Yaqaru 1430-1415
Ibirânu V 1415-1395
Niqmaddu II 1395-1380
Niqmepa V 1380-1360 Phoenicia
Ammištamru II 1360-1345 Sidon Tyre
Niqmaddu III 1345-1315 Abi-milki ca 1360
Arḫalbu 1315-1310 Zimredda ca 1350
Niqmepa VI 1310-1260
Ammittamru II 1260-1235
Ibiranu 1235-1225/20 Baal-trmg ca 1230
Collapse of the
Niqmaddu IV 1225/20-1215 LB culture in
Ammurapi II ca 1200 Canaan ca 1550-1200
Stages of
Philistine
Settlement in
Canaan ca 1175-1100
Aram Abi-Baal ?
Hadad-ezer of Ṣobah
ca 970
Hiram I ca 960
Rezon/Ezron ca 940
Baal-eer ca 930
Ḥaḏyān I ca 920 Abd-Ashtoret ca 920
Ṭāb-Rammān ca 910
Methusha-Ashtoret
ca 900
Bar-Hadad I ca 900-880 Eth-Baal I ca 880 Eth-Baal I ca 880
Hadad-ezer/Bar-Hadad
ca 880-844/843
II
Hazael ca 844/843-803
Mari’ ca 803-775
Ḥaḏyān II ca 775-750
Raḍyān ca 750-732

Luli ca 705
Baal-menzer ca 840
Hiram II ca 740
HMattan II ca 730
Luli ca 705 Luli ca 705
Eth-Baal II (Tubaʾlu)
ca 700
Baal I ca 660
Abdi-milkuti ?
Eth-Baal ca 573
Baal II 573-564
Yakin-Baal ca 562
Eshmun-azer ? Mattan III ca 560 Philistines in
Tabnit I ? Hiram III ca 540 Iron Age 11th-5thcentury
 Israelites

Reigns Date Reigns Date Reigns Date Reigns Date

Exodus Early Dating Exodus Late Dating
Othniel 1328-1288 Gideon 1327-1287 Othniel 1182-1157 Gideon 1183-1158
Abimelech 1287-1284 Abimelech 1158-1155
Ehud 1270-1190 Tola 1284-1261 Ehud 1139-1089 Tola 1155-1133
Jair 1261-1239 Jair 1133-1110
Jephthah 1221-1215 Jephthah 1092-1086
Ibzan 1215-1208 Ibzan 1086-1079
Elon 1208-1198 Deborah 1094-1069 Elon 1079-1069
Abdon 1198-1190 Abdon 1069-1061
Deborah 1170-1130 Samson 1150-1130 Samson 1100-1080?
Eli 1130-1090
Samuel 1090-1050
Saul 1050-1010
David 1010-970
Solomon 970-930
Kings of Judah Kings of Israel
Rehoboam 930-914 Jeroboam I 930-909
Abijam 914-911
Nadab 909-908
Asa 911-870 Baasha 908-885
Elah 885-884
Zimri 7 days
Tibni 884-880
Omri (Rival of
Tibni) 884-873
Jehoshaphat 870-847 Ahab 873-852
Ahaziah I 852-851
J(eh)oram I 847-842 J(eh)oram II 851-841
Ahaziah II 842-841
Queen Athaliah 841-835 Jehu 841-813
J(eh)oash I 835-796 Jehoahaz I 813-797
Amaziah 796-767 J(eh)oash II 797-781
Uzziah
coregent from 787;
Not active 750ff) 766-735 Jeroboam II 781-749
Zachariah 748
Shallum 748
J(eh)otham 751-731 Menahem 747-737
Pekahiah 737-735
Pekah (rival ruler)752-731
Ahaz
(coregent 735ff) 731-716 Hoshea 731-722
Hezekiah
(coregent 729ff) 716-686
Manasseh
(Coregent 697ff) 686-643
Amon 643-641
Josiah 641-609
Jehoahaz II 609
Jehoiakim 609-598
Jehoiachin 597
Zedekiah 597-586
 Assyrians

Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date

Aminu ? Assur-bel-kala 1073-1056
Sulili ? Eriba-Adad II 1055-1054
Kikkija ? Shamshi-Adad IV1053-1050
Akija ? Asshurnasirpal I 1049-1031
Puzur-Assur I ? Shalmaneser II 1030-1019
Shalim-ahum ? Assur-nirari IV 1018-1013
Ilushuma ? Assur-rabi II 1012-972
Erishum I 1973-1934 Assur-resha-ishi II971-967
Ikunum 1933-1920 Tiglath-pileser II 966-936
Sargon I 1919-1880 Assur-dan II 934-912
Puzur-Assur II 1879-1872 Adad-nirari II 911-891
Naram-Sin 1871-1828/18 Tukulti-Ninurta II 890-884
Erishum I 1827/17-1808 Assurnasirpal II 883-859
Shamshi-Adad I 1807-1775 Shalmaneser III 858-824
Ishme-Dagan 1774-? Shamshi-Adad V 823-811
Assur-uballit 1353-1318 Adad-nirari III 810-783
Enlil-nirari 1317-1308 Shalmaneser IV 782-773
Arik-den-ili 1307-1296 Assur-dan III 772-755
Adad-nirari I 1295-1264 Assur-nirari V 754-745
Shalmaneser I 1263-1234 Tiglath-pileser III 744-727
Tukulti-Ninurta 1233-1197 Shalmaneser V 726-722
Assur-nadin-apli 1196-1193 Sargon II 721-705
Assur-nirari III 1192-1177 Sannacherib 704-681
Ninurta-apil-Ekur 1181-1169 Esarhaddon 680-669
Assur-dan I 1168-1133 Assurbanipal 668-631
Ninurta-tukulti-Assur
ca 1133 Assur-etel-ilani 630-627
Mutakkil-Nusku ca 1133 Sin-shumu-lishir 627
Assur-resha-ishi I1132-1115 Sin-shar-ishkun 626-612
Tiglath-pileser I 1114-1076 Assur-uballit II 611-609
Asharid-apil-Ekur 1075-1074
 Babylonia

Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date Royal Reign Date

First Dynasty of Babylon Itti-Marduk-balatu1139-1132 Eriba-Marduk ?
Sumulael 1880-1845 Ninurta-nadin-shumi
1131-1126 Nabu-shuma-ishkun
760?-748
Sabium 1844-1831 Nebuchadnezzar 1125-1104
I Nabu-nasir 747-734
Apil-Sin 1830-1813 Enlil-nadin-apil 1103-1100 Nabu-nadin-zeri 733-732
Sin-muballit 1812-1793 Marduk-nadin-ahhe
1099-1082 Nabu-shuma-ukin732
II
Hammurabi 1792-1750 Marduk-shapik-zeri
1081-1069 Nabu-mukin-zeri 731-729
Samsuiluna 1749-1712 Adad-apla-iddina 1068-1047 Tiglath-pileser III/Pulu
728-727
Abi-eshuh 1711-1684 Marduk-ahhe-eriba
1046 Shalmaneser V/Ululaju
726-722
Ammiditana 1683-1647 Marduk-zer-x 1045-1034 Marduk-apla-iddina
721-710
II
Ammisaduqa 1646-1626 Nabu-shumu-libur1033-1026 Sargon II 709-705
Samsuditana 1625-1595 Second Sealand Dynasty Sennacherib 704-703
Kassite Dynasty Simbar-Shipak 1025-1008 Marduk-zakir-shumi
703II
Kadashman-Enlil 1I 374-1360 Ea-mukin-zeri 1008 Marduk-apla-diina703
II
Burnaburiash II 1359-1333 Kashshu-nadin-ahhe
1007-1005 Bel-ibni 702-700
Kara-hardash 1333 Bazi Dynasty Assur-nadin-shumi
699-694
Nazi-Bugash 1333 Eulmash-shakin-shumi
1004-988 Nergal-ushezib 693
Kurigalzu II 1332-1308 Ninurta-kudurri-usur
987-985
I Mushezib-Marduk692-689
Nazi-Maruttash 1307-1282 Shirikti-Shuqamuna
985 Sennacherib 688-681
Kadashman-Turgu
1281-1264 Elamite Dynasty Esarhaddon 680-669
Kadashman-Enlil 1263-1255
II Mar-biti-apla-usur984-979 Assurbanipal 668
Kudur-Enlil 1254-1246 Mixed Dynasties Shamash-shuma-ukin
667-648
Shagarakti-Shuriash
1245-1233 Nabu-mukin-apli 978-943 Kandalanu 647-627
Kashtiliashu IV 1232-1225 Ninurta-kudurri-usur
943II Sin-shumu-lishir 627/626
Enlil-nadin-shumi 1224 Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina
942-? Sin-shar-ishkun 627/626
Kadashman-Harbe
1223
II Shamash-mudammiq
? Neo-Babylonian Dynasty
Adad-shuma-iddina
1222-1217 Nabu-shuma-ukin?I Nabopolassar 626-605
Adad-shuma-usur1216-1187 Nabu-apla-iddina? Nebuchadnezzar 604-562
II
Meli-Shipak 1186-1172 Marduk-zakir-shumi
? I Evil-Merodach 561-560
Marduk-apla-iddina
1171-1159
I Marduk-balassu-iqbi
?-ca 813 Neriglissar 559-556
Zababa-shuma-iddina
1158 Baba-aha-iddina 812 Labashi-Marduk 556
Enlil-nadin-ahi 1157-1155 Ninurta-apla-[ ] ? Nabonidus 555-539
Second Dynasty of Isin Marduk-bel-zeri ?
Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
1157-1140 Marduk-apla-usur?
 Akkadian

Royal Reign Date

Sargon 2288-2235
Rimush 2233-2227
Manishtushu 2226-2212
Naram-Sin 2211-2175
Sharkalisharri 2174-2150
Period of confusion
2149-2147
Dudu 2146-2126
Shu-Turul 2125-2111
 Sumerian

Third Dynasty of Ur
Ur-Namma 2110-2093
Shulgi 2092-2045
Amar-Suen 2044-2036
Shu-sin 2035-2027
Ibbi-Sin 2026-2003
First Dynasty of Isin
Ishbi-Erra 2019-1987
Shu-ilishu 1986-1977
Iddin-Dagan 1976-1956
Ishme-Dagan 1955-1937
Lipit-Ishtar 1936-1926
Ur-Ninurta 1925-1898
Bur-Sin 1897-1876
Lipit-Enlil 1875-1871
Erra-imitti 1870-1863
Enlil-bani 1862-1839
Zambija 1838-1836
Iter-pisha 1835-1832
Ur-dukuga 1831-1828
Damiq-ilishu 1816-1794
Larsa Dynasty
Naplanum 2025-2005
Emisum 2004-1977
Samium 1976-1942
Zabaja 1941-1933
Gungunum 1932-1906
Abi-sare 1905-1895
Sumu-el 1894-1866
Nur-Adad 1865-1850
Sin-iddinam 1849-1843
Sin-eribam 1842-1841
Sin-iqisham 1840-1836
Sili-Adad ca 1835
Warad-Sin 1834-1823
Rim-Sin I 1822-1763
Rim-Sin II 1741-1740
Eshnunna Mari
Ibal-piʾel I ? Yahdun-Lim ?
Ipiq-Adad II ? Sumu-Yaman ?
Naram-Sin ? Yasmah-Addu ca 1795-1776
Dannum-tahaz ?
Dadusha ?-1780
Ibal-piʾel II 1779-1766 Zimri-Lim ca 1775-1762
 Synchronisms between ANE chronologies

1595 BC: destruction of Babylon by the Hittites during year 27 of Muršili I king of Hatti

and during the last year of the reign of Samsuditana king of Babylon.

1274 BC: battle between Hittites and Egyptians at Qadesh (northern Syria) during year

20 of Muwatalli II king of Hatti and year 5 of Ramesses II king of Egypt.

1259 BC: enactment of Hittite-Egyptian parity (peace) treaty during year 8 of Hattušili III

king of Hatti and year 21 of Ramesses II king of Egypt.

1230 BC: battle of between Hittites and Assyrians at Nihiriya during year 8 of Tudhaliya

IV king of Hatti and year 13 of Tukulti-Ninurta king of Assyria.

Ca. 1110 Nebuchadnezzar I sacks Susa

853 BC Shalmaneser III of Asyria and coalition of western states clash at Qarqar

714 BC Sargon II raids Urartu

689 BC Sannacherib sacks Babylon

671 BC Esarhaddon invades Egypt

664-663: Assurbanipal invades Egypt

612 BC United forces of Babylonia and the Medes destroyed Ninevah

605 BC Nebuchadnezzar II wins battle of Carchemish

539 BC Cyrus ends Babylonia’s independence

 Synchronisms between Israel and ANE

1228 BC: According to the Merneptah Victory Stela, during the 8th year of his reign,

Merneptah defeated “Israel” near the Jordan River. It would fit the judges period (early

date of Exodus) or beginning of the 40-year sojourn (late date of Exodus).

926 BC: In the 5th year of Rehoboam, Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem (1

Kings 14:25).

853 BC: According to the Kurkh Monolith, Shalmaneser III (ca. 858-824 BC) fought a

coalition of twelve kings at Qarqar, including Ahab king of Israel, an event which dates

toward the end of his 21 year reign (ca. 874-853 BC).

841 BC: Shalmaneser III subjugated Israel.

732 BC: Tiglath-pileser III (745-727 BC) invaded Judah during the reigns of Menahem

(2 Kings 15:19-20, 29) and Pekah (2 Kings 16:7-10).

ca. 730—722 BC: Hoshea king of Israel sent envoys to Osorkon (= IV) king of Egypt for

help against Shalmaneser king of Assyria (2 Kings 17:4).

722 BC: The fall of Samaria.

701 BC: Sennacherib (ca. 705-681 BC) besieged Jerusalem in year 4 of his reign (=

701 BC), which was year 14 of Hezekiah’s reign (2 Kings 18:13-19:36).

609 BC: Josiah king of Judah died in battle when he attempted to engage in battle

against the Egyptian-Assyrian coalition when the last Assyrian king Ashuruballit fled to

Haran and Carchemish for refuge, an event that took place in 609 BC.