‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ :‬ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﻭﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪7 ............... Matlab‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪9 ........................................... Matlab‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪: 1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪10 ...................................................................................................... Matlab‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ ‪12 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﺋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻧﻘﺎﺻﻬﺎ ‪15 .............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ‪15 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ ‪16 .......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪ Format‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ‪17 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‪18 ...............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ‪18 .....................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ‪19 .............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺑﺖ ‪22 ..................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ‪22 ...................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ ‪25 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﻴﺰ ‪27 ...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪29 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﺷﻌﺔ ﺳﻄﺮ ‪30 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪31 .................................................................linspace‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ‪32 .................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﺷﻌﺔ ﻋﻤﻮﺩ ‪34 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ‪35 ............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻬﺎ ‪36 .......................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪38 ...................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪41 ......................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪43 ........................................................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪526‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﻏﺔ ‪44 ..............................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪46 ......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪46 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪47 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪48 ......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :2‬ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪55 ........................... Matlab‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻴﺎﺕ ‪56 .................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪58 ............................................................................................. Matlab‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺛﻴﻖ ‪60 ..................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺝ ‪61 ...............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪61 ..............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺝ‪64 ........................................................................................ disp, fprintf :‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪68 ...................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺝ ‪70 .......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻧﺼﻴﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ‪70 ........................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪71 .............................................................................................................. plot‬‬
‫ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ‪73 ..........................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ‪74 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺎﻥ ‪ LOAD‬ﻭ ‪78 .................................... (SAVE‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪ /‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪79 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻟﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪79 ...........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ‪80 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ﻭﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻦ ﺑﻬﺎ ‪80 ............................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺓ ‪83 ..........................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪84 .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪86 ...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻧﺼﻲ‪87 ....................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺮ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﺀ ‪87 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪89 .........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪90 ......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪527‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪90 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪90 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪91 ......................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :3‬ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ‪101 ...............................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﺋﻘﻴﺔ ‪102 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪105 .................................................................................................................. IF‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺘﻴﻦ ‪108 ..................................................................... true, false‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪109 ........................................................................................................... If–Else‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪ If–Else‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ‪112 .............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ‪113 .................................................................................................. elseif‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻲ ‪113 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ ‪113 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪117 ............................................................................................................switch‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪120 .............................................................................................................. menu‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪ is‬ﻓﻲ ‪122 .................................................................................................. Matlab‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪124 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪124 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪125 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪127 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪135 ..................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :4‬ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘــــــﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ‪136 ................................................................................................................ For‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ‪138 ..............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﺻﻼ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ‪140 ...................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻖ ﻟﺸﻌﺎﻉ‪143 ...................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺩﻣﺞ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ‪ for‬ﻣﻊ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪145 ..................................................................................... if‬‬
‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ‪ for‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ‪146 .........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪147 ........................................................................................ for‬‬
‫‪ For‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ‪148 ..................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪528‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪153 .................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺩﻣﺞ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ‪ for‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ‪156 ........................................................................ if‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ‪158 .......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ ‪161 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺘﺔ ‪163 .....................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪167 ..........................................................................‬‬
‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ‪170 ............................................................................................................. while‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺔ ‪171 ........................................................................... while‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪172 ........................................................................ while‬‬
‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪174 ......................................................................... while‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪175 ............................................................................................... while‬‬
‫ﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪177 ............................................................. while‬‬
‫ﺗﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ‪178 .......................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪180 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪180 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪181 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪182 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :5‬ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ‪191 ............................................... Matlab‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ‪192 ............................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺴﺐ ﻭﺗﻌﻴﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺓ ‪193 .............................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻱ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪196 ......................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺎً ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻴﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪198 ........................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪199 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪200 ................................................................................................. Matlab‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻄﻴﺔ ‪201 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ‪203 .......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻧﻤﻄﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺩ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ‪206 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ‪213 .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﻤﺔ ‪215 .................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ‪217 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪529‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ‪218 .........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺒﻊ ‪219 ..................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺭ‪ /‬ﻣﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ‪220 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪221 ..............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪222 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪222 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪223 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪224 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :6‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪231 ...........................‬‬

‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺳﻼﺳﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪232 .......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻛﺄﺷﻌﺔ ‪233 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪234 ....................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺿﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪235 ............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺳﻼﺳﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ ‪236 .................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪238 ...........‬‬
‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﻣﺤﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍ ‪241 ..................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ‪242 ..................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪243 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪244 ..............................‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪249 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪ is‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪251 ......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ‪251 ................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪255 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪255 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪255 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪256 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :7‬ﺑﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺻﻔﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪263 .....................‬‬

‫ﺻﻔﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪264 ............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪264 ...............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪530‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺳﻤﺎﺕ ﺻﻔﻴﻒ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ ‪265 .......................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ ‪268 ...........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪270 ........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪270 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪273 ............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ‪274 ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪275 ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪283 .....................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ‪285 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪287 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪287 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪288 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪288 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :8‬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ‪295 ........‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪ file I/O‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ‪296 .................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻓﺘﺢ ﻭﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪297 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ‪298 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ‪305 ...................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﻟﺤﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻠﻒ ‪308 ..................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻓﻲ‪/‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪308 ......................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ‪ MAT‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ‪310 .........................................................................‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪310 .........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﻟﺤﺎﻕ ﻣﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﻤﻠﻒ ‪311 ...................................................................................... MAT‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪311 ............................................................................................. MAT‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪312 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪312 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪312 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪313 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪531‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :9‬ﺗﻮﺍﺑــﻊ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣــﺔ ‪319 ........................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻬﻮﻟﺔ ‪319 .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ‪321 .............................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ‪322 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﺎﺀ ‪325 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪326 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺝ ‪328 .....................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ‪331 .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ‪333 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪338 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪338 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪338 ................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪339 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ‪345 .....................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :10‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ‪347 ...............................Matlab‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪347 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪348 .................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ‪349 .....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﻲ ‪355 ...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺎﺩ ‪356 ................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ‪358 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ‪360 .....................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪363 ..........................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍًَ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪363 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺤﻦ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪365 ...........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪368 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪532‬‬

‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪368 ....................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‪368 ............................................................................... :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪368 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :11‬ﺣﻞ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ‪377 ...................‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪378 .....................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ‪378 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﺔ ‪380 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ ‪385 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪386 ..................................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺷﻌﺔ‪390 ...............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪392 ...................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﺎﻟﺐ ‪392 ...............................................................................................‬‬
‫‪393 .....................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻞ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ‪395 .......................................................................................... 2 × 2‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺻﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺻﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺭﺩﺍﻧﻲ ‪399 ..................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺻﻲ‪400 .................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻏﻮﺹ – ﺟﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ‪403 ...............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺰﻟﺔ ‪406 .......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺰﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻌﺔ ‪406 ........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰﻳﺔ ‪407 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺰﻳﺔ ‪407 ......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴﻴﻂ‪409 .......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ ‪410 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ‪412 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪413 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪413 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪413 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪414 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪533‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :12‬ﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺯ‪421 ......................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪422 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪423 .............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺘﺖ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ‪426 .......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻂ ‪427 .................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ‪428 .......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ‪429 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺯ ‪433 .........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺯ ﺃﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪435 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﺮﺯ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪438 .............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺳﺔ ‪439 ...................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ ﺃﺷﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻰ ‪441 .................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ‪442 .......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻲ ‪443 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ ‪444 ........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪447 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪447 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪447 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪448 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :13‬ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ ‪455 .......................................‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‪455 .............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪458 ...................................................................................... Handle Graphics‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ ‪458 ..................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺓ ‪459 ..................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ‪467 ...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ‪474 ...........................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪485 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪485 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪485 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪485 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪534‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ‪ :14‬ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪493 ......................................‬‬

‫‪493 ..........................................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻭﺩ‪494 .......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ ‪495 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻲ ‪496 ......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ ‪500 ...................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪503 ...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪506 ....................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪506 .......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺿﺮﺏ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪507 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ‪507 ...............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪508 ....................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺒﻲ ‪508 ......................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﻲ ﻟﻸﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ ‪509 ..............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻞ ‪510 ............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺮﻑ ‪511 ................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻞ ‪512 ...............................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ‪514 ............................................................. Symbolic Math‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ ‪515 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ‪515 ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ‪515 ................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ ‪515 ....................................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‪525 ...........................................................‬‬