Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ON
UNEMPLOYMENT
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED
BY:
MS Sana mam Mohd. Hamdan
Faculty of management & science Mohd. Majid
Jamia Hamdard Abdul Suboor Khan
Abid Hussain
CONTENTS:-
Introduction.
Unemployment.
Features of unemployment.
International rules relating to unemployment.
Types of unemployment.
Urban unemployment
Industrial unemployment.
Educated unemployment.
Rural unemployment
Seasonal unemployment.
Disguised unemployment.
Other types of unemployment
Structural unemployment.
Cyclical unemployment.
Frictional unemployment.
Causes of unemployment.
Causes of urban unemployment
Causes of rural unemployment
Measurement of unemployment.
Government policies.
Remedies.
INTRODUCTION
• It is a universal feature of capitalist economy and varies from
country to country.
• In developed economies unemployment is generally of two
types:-
Keynesian.
Temporary
• In under developed economies unemployment is in two form
Open
Disguised
• In India there is a serious problem unemployment and
underemployment.
• According to the usual status about 56 per cent of rural males and
31 per cent of rural females belonged to the labour force. The
corresponding proportions in the urban areas were 57 per cent
and 15 per cent, respectively.
• The worker population ratio (WPR) was 43 per cent in the rural
areas and 35 per cent in the urban areas. In rural India, more than
half of the usually employed (‘all’ workers) were self-employed –
57 per cent among males and nearly 62 per cent among fe-males.
The corresponding figures in urban India were 42 for males and 44
for females.
• The unemployment rate was not high for rural areas it was
around 2 per cent, In urban areas, the unemployment rates were
higher than those in the rural rates, nearly 8 per cent.
• Among educated persons, in the
• age group 15 – 29 years, the unemployment rate in rural and
urban areas was 12 per cent and 16 per cent respectively.
UNEMPLOYMENT
• By unemployment we mean that state of affair when in an
economy there are large number of able bodied person of
working age who are willing to work, able to work, but cannot
find employment at a current prevailing wage rate.
FEATURES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
• It is not a permanent feature.
TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
Urban unemployment: - Urban unemployment is that
unemployment which exit in urban areas. It is not only painful at
personal level but also at social level. Despite this problem the
government has not given attention to it. Urban unemployment
can be classified into two forms which are as follows:-
Industrial unemployment: - The exact size of the industrial
unemployment is not known because the necessary data for its
estimation are not available. At present, 65% of the industrial
employment is in the organized sector. It reflects the progressive
growth of capitalism in India.
Educated unemployment: -It constitutes large part of urban
unemployment and it is a very serious as well as menacing
problem.
Rural unemployment: - About 80% of the India’s population
lives in rural areas. It is the main problem of the Indian
government and it require huge capitalization of capital. There are
two side of problem which has been discuss as follow:
Seasonal unemployment:-it is also known as
underemployment and it basically occurs in two situations. Firstly
it can be term as a situation in which a person doesn’t get the
type of work he is capable of doing, he may poses abilities and
expertise.
Causes Of Unemployment
Measurement Of Unemployment
A person working 8 hours a day for 273 days in a year is regarded
as employed.
Basically there are 3 types of estimates of unemployment that
were generated in the 27th round of NSS which are as follows: -
Chronic unemployment: - It measured the number of person
who remained unemployed for a major part of the year. It is
also referred to open unemployment.
Weekly status unemployment: - It measures the number of
person who did not find even a hour work during survey
week.
Daily status unemployment: - It measures the person who
did not find work on a day or some days during the survey
week.
Government Policies : -
Many sided approach The policy expects employment
-
References
NSS 62nd ROUND
Economic environment by saleem shaiekh
Wikipedia
Ministry of labor