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Space Administration
Washington, D.C. 20546
AC 202 755-8370
For Release:
Charles Redmond
Headquarters, Washington, D.C. IMMEDIATE
(Phone: 202/755-'3054)
Don Bane
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
(Phone: 213/354-5011)
dow will open for 12 minutes each day. IRAS will be placed in a
900-kilometer (560-mile), circular, near-polar orbit. It will
circle the earth every 103 minutes -- 14 orbits per day.
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'A portion of the data from the satellite will be examined
immediately by the IRAS ground operations team in England to
check on the satellite's condition and improve later observation
plans. The full data set will be sent by communications satel-
lite to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for
extensive processing. Further modifications to the observation
plans may result from examination of the data at JPL. The data
will be processed into a set of final products that will include
an infrared sky map and a catalog summarizing observations during
the mission.
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( ~GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The IRAS telescope weighs 810 kg (1,785 lb.) and the space-
craft bus weighs 266 kg (585 lb.).
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ATTITUDE CONTROL
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CONWUNICATIONS
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MISSION OPERATIONS
The Final Data Products Phase begins when the Joint IRAS
Science Working Group determines that the working survey data
base meets the group's requirements, or when the acquisition of
survey data ends.
Office
JPL manages the U.S. portion of the project for NASA's
pro-
of Space Science and Applications, and will perform the data
Center was responsible to JPL for
cessing. NASA's Ames Research
managing development of the telescope system.
pro-
The Delta Project Office at Goddard Space Flight Center
re-
vides the Delta launch vehicle, and Kennedy Space Center is
sponsible for the launch at Vandenberg Air Force Base.
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ULTRASONIC
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But many other objects in the universe have much lower tem-
peratures; the wavelengths at which they radiate, therefore, are
longer, and cannot be seen, with a few exceptions, with an optical
telescope looking through the atmosphere. Objects that radiate at J
temperatures from a few tens of degrees Kelvin to a few hundreds
of degrees Kelvin appear to be very numerous. IRAS should be able
to find many cool, dark stars, as well as many brighter stars,
hidden by clouds of cool dust that render them invisible because
starlight cannot penetrate the dust.
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* Extragalactic objects: Far beyond the
Milky Way galaxy
where we reside lie millions of other
extremely unusual objects. Quasars, galaxies and many
for
nuclei of some galaxies are extremely example, and the
bright in the infra-
red -- up to 10,000 times brighter than
Milky Way. the nucleus of the
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INFRARzD ASTRONOMY ( )
On a diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum, infrared
stretches from the rnear edge of radio waves, at 1,000 microns (1
millimeter) where the corresponding temperatures are lowest, to
the edge of red light at 1 micron, the longest wavelength in the
visible range, where temperatures become high enough to cause
objects to glow in the visible range. Astronomers divide the
infrared into three general regions: near, middle and far refer
to the specific wavelength's distance from visible (red) light.
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The dust particles in space are about the same size. So the
dust absorbs the light. When the wavelength is greater than the
particle sizes, the radiation can pass through the dust clouds.
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Since the survey will detect stars over the entire Milky Way
galaxy, it should allow a determination of galactic structure
from the distribution of those stars. The IRAS survey will locate
nearly all regions of ongoing star formation in the galaxy, pro.-
viding a better understanding of the current evolution of the
galaxy.
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second-stage
This same command simultaneously initiates the
velocity of 0.5 me
retrojets to provide a relative separation
(1.6 ft.) per second. The retrojets use residual helium from the
propellant-tank pressurization system. Three further burns are
depletion maneuvers.
required after separation for evasive and
been selected for
The standard Delta 5724 attach fitting has
and tested is
IRAS. This attach fitting as currently designed
lb.) spacecraft.
capable of supporting an 1,134 kg (2,500
(25.9 ft.) long
The satellite protective fairing is 7.9 m
The fairing is aluminum and con-
and 2.4 m (8 ft.) in diameter. are jetti-
The fairing half-shells
structed in two half-shells.
separation nuts and the
soned by activation of the base
in the thrusting joint
contamination-free mild detonating fuse
cylinder cavity.
of events, the
The following tables show the flight sequence
and the pre-
mission requirements, the flight mode description,
dicted orbit dispersion.
TIME (SEC)
ZVENT
0
iftoff
57.8
Six Solid Motors Burnout
60.0
Three Solid Motors Ignition
78.0
Jettison Six Solid Motor Casings
118.0
Three Solid Motors Burnout
120.0
Jettison Three Solid Motor Casings
(MECO) 226.7
Main Engine Cutoff
234.7
Stage I-II Separation
239.7
Stage II Ignition
244.0
Jettison Fairing
(SECO-1) 537.5
Second Stage Engine Cutoff
3500.1
Restart Stage II
3740.0
Spacecraft Separation
4075.0
Start Maneuver to Pix-II Attitude
to Pix-II Attitude 6140.0
Finish Maneuver
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WISSION REQUIREMENTS
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LAUNCH OPHRATIONS
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IRAS SCIENCE TEAN
UNITED STATES
THE NETHERLANDS
UNITED KINGDOM
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UNITED STATES
NASA Headquarters
THE NETHERLANDS
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Hollandse Signaalapparaten
UNITED KINGDOM
UNITED STATES
Perkin-Elmer Corp.
Optics
Norwalk, Conn.
Odetics Inc.
Tape recorder
Anaheim, Calif.
Motorola Government
NASA Standard S-band
Electronics Div.
Transponder
Scottsdale, Ariz.
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THE NRTHERLANDS
UNITED KINGDOM
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