Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions

 
Generic: Haloperidol Completely blocks Indication: CNS: - Assess patient’s
Brand: Haldol dopamine receptors to Management of Tourette Severe extrapyramidal mental status (affect,
Dosage & Frequency: cause sedation and also disorders; control of adults; reactions, tardive behavior, sleep
5mg/tab; Once a day causes alpha-adrenergic management of severe dyskinesia, sedation, pattern, types of
Route: Oral and anti-cholinergic behavioral problems in seizures, neuroleptic hallucinations)
Drug Classification: blockade. It depresses children and adults; malignant syndrome - Monitor swallowing
CNS drugs cerebral cortex, management of severe of oral administration
hypothalamus and behavioral problems in Cardio: medication
limbic system, which children; short-term Tachycardia, ECG - Monitor vital signs of
control activity and treatment of hyperactive changes, hypotension, patient
aggression but also children. Long-term hypertension, - Assess for
cause significant antipsychotic therapy. Bradycardia constipation and
extrapyramidal effects. urinary retention
The mechanism for Contraindication: EENT: daily
antipsychotic effects are Severe toxic CNS Blurred vision - Monitor Input and
unclear. depression or comatose Output
states from any cause; GU: - Assess for
Parkinson disease; Urine retention, transient neuroleptic malignant
Hypersensitivity, blood leukopenia and syndrome
dyscrasias, coma, bone leukocytosis (hyperpyrexia,
marrow depression, alcohol muscle rigidity,
and barbiturate withdrawal Hepatic: altered mental status)
states; Angina, epilepsy, Jaundice - Assess for reflexes,
urinary retention, narrow- gait, coordination and
angle glaucoma. Skin: EPS including
Rash, gynecomastia akathisia
- Assess knowledge
regarding drug
therapy
Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient
Generic: Amoxicillin Prevents bacterial wall Indication:
Brand: Co-amoxiclav synthesis during Treatment of infections of
Dosage & Frequency: replication respiratory tract, skin and
500mg; Thrice a day for skin structures,
7 days genitourinary tract, otitis
Route: Oral media, meningitis,
Drug Classification: septicemia, sinusitis,
Anti-infectives bacterial endocarditis
prophylaxis.
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity to
penicillins, cephalosporins.
Not used to treat severe
pneumonia, empyema,
bacteremia, pericarditis,
meningitis, and purulent or
septic arthritis during acute
stage.
Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions
Urticaria, gastritis, - Obtain patient’s
anorexia, stomatitis, dry history of allergy
mouth, pruritus, chills, - Assess for signs and
joint pains, symptoms of
nephrotoxicity, oliguria, infection
cramps, rectal bleeding, - Monitor swallowing
anemia, bone marrow of oral administration
depression, transient medication
hepatitis, black “hairy” - Monitor vital signs of
tongue, laryngeal edema patient
- Assess for allergic
reactions during
treatment: rash,
urticaria, pruritus,
chills, fever, joint
pains
- Monitor signs of
nephrotoxicity:
oliguria, proteinuria,
increased BUN, and
creatinine
- Assess for bowel
patterns and signs of
dehydration
- Monitor for bleeding.
 Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions
 
Generic: Mupirocin Binds to bacterial Topical treatment of Localized burning, - Document indication
Brand: Bactroban isoleucyl transfer RNA impetigo, folliculitis, stinging and itching for therapy including
Dosage & Frequency: synthetase, which result furuncolosis, ecthyma, type, onset, duration,
results in inhibition of infected dermatoses, i.e., and characteristics of
Route: Topical bacterial protein infected abrasions, insect symptoms.
Drug Classification: synthesis. bites,, minor wounds, and - Assess for allergic
Dermatologicals burns. Prophylaxis to reaction: Burning,
prevent bacterial stinging, swelling and
contamination of small cuts, redness
and wounds, abrasions, - Monitor for possible
incisions and other clean drug induced adverse
lesions. reactions: (Topical)
headache, rash,
abdominal pain,
burning, stinging,
pain, itching,
erythema, swelling,
dermatitis, increased
exudates; (Nasal)
rhinitis, pharyngitis,
taste perversion,
burning, stinging,
cough, blepharitis,
diarrhea, dry mouth,
ear pain, epistaxis,
nausea, rash
- Assess patient’s and
family’s knowledge
of drug therapy
Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions
 
Generic: Blocks postsynaptic Indication: Drowsiness, jaundice, - Assess for mental
Chlorpromazine dopamine receptors in Management of postural hypertension, status: delusions,
Brand: Laractyl the brain. manifestations of psychotic extrapyramidal hallucinations,
Dosage & Frequency: disorders, to control nausea reactions. Persistent disorganized speech;
100mg; Twice a day and vomiting, relief of abdominal movement, disorganized or
Route: Oral restlessness, to control cerebral edema, catatonic behavior
Drug Classification: manifestations of manic hematologic disorders, and negative
CNS drugs depressive illness, treatment EKG changes. symptoms before
of severe behavioral therapy
patterns in children marked - Monitor swallowing
by combativeness. of oral administration
medication
Contraindication: - Monitor vital signs of
Comatose state, presence of patient
large amounts of CNS - Monitor Intake and
depressants, presence of Output ratio
bone marrow depression, - Assess affect,
hypersensitivity orientation, LOC,
reflexes, gait,
coordination and
sleep pattern
- Monitor BP with
patient sitting and
standing
- Assess for EPS
- Assess for
constipation and
urinary retention
Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions

Generic: Lithium ions interfere Indication: Tremor, muscle -Monitor vital signs of
Lithium carbonate with chemical reactions treatment of manic episodes hyperirritability, the patient
Brand: that relay and amplify of manic-depressive illness. hypertonicity, ataxia, -Observe client for signs
messages carried to the include pressure of speech, extrapyramidal and symptoms of
Dosage & Frequency: cells of the brain. motor hyperactivity, symptoms including depression: mood
400mg/tab reduced need for sleep, acute dystonia, cogwheel changes, insomnia,
Route: Oral flight of ideas, grandiosity, rigidity, blackout spells, apathy, lack of interest
Drug Classification: elation, poor judgment, epileptiform seizures, in activities
CNS drugs aggressiveness and possibly slurred speech, -Evaluate client’s urine
hostility. dizziness, vertigo, output and body weight.
downbeat nystagmus, -Observe client for fine
incontinence of urine or and gross motor tremors
feces, somnolence, and presence of slurred
psychomotor retardation, speech
restlessness, confusion, -Check for cardiac
stupor, coma, tongue dysrhythmias
movements, tics, -Emphasize the
tinnitus, hallucinations, importance of adherence
poor memory, slowed to therapy, laboratory
intellectual functioning, tests, and follow-up
startled response, visits w/ the health care
worsening of organic provider.
brain syndromes,
myasthenia gravis.
hypotension, peripheral
circulatory collapse,
bradycardia

Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions
  
Generic: Haloperidol Completely blocks Indication: CNS: - Assess patient’s
Brand: Haldol dopamine receptors to Management of Tourette Severe extrapyramidal mental status (affect,
Dosage & Frequency: cause sedation and also disorders; control of adults; reactions, tardive behavior, sleep
5mg/tab; Once a day causes alpha-adrenergic management of severe dyskinesia, sedation, pattern, types of
Route: Oral and anti-cholinergic behavioral problems in seizures, neuroleptic hallucinations)
Drug Classification: blockade. It depresses children and adults; malignant syndrome - Monitor swallowing
CNS drugs cerebral cortex, management of severe of oral administration
hypothalamus and behavioral problems in Cardio: medication
limbic system, which children; short-term Tachycardia, ECG - Monitor vital signs of
control activity and treatment of hyperactive changes, hypotension, patient
aggression but also children. Long-term hypertension, - Assess for
cause significant antipsychotic therapy. Bradycardia constipation and
extrapyramidal effects. urinary retention
The mechanism for Contraindication: EENT: daily
antipsychotic effects are Severe toxic CNS Blurred vision - Monitor Input and
unclear. depression or comatose Output
states from any cause; GU: - Assess for
Parkinson disease; Urine retention, transient neuroleptic malignant
Hypersensitivity, blood leukopenia and syndrome
dyscrasias, coma, bone leukocytosis (hyperpyrexia,
marrow depression, alcohol muscle rigidity,
and barbiturate withdrawal Hepatic: altered mental status)
states; Angina, epilepsy, Jaundice - Assess for reflexes,
urinary retention, narrow- gait, coordination and
angle glaucoma. Skin: EPS including
Rash, gynecomastia akathisia
- Assess knowledge
regarding drug
therapy
Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indication for the Patient Adverse Drug Effects Nursing Interventions

Generic: Biperiden Synthetic anticholinergic Indication:
HCL drug, blocks cholinergic Treatment to counteract
Brand: Akineton responses in the Central muscular rigidity and
Dosage & Frequency: Nervous System. tremor; extrapyramidal
2mg/tab; twice a day symptoms.
Route: Oral
Drug Classification: Contraindication:
Antiparkinsonian Drugs Hypersensitivity to
penicillins, cephalosporins.
Not used to treat severe
pneumonia, empyema,
bacteremia, pericarditis,
meningitis, and purulent or
septic arthritis during acute
stage.
Rashes, Dyskinesia, - Document indication
Ataxia, twitching, for therapy, onset of
impaired speech, signs and symptoms
micturition difficulties, and other agents tried
fatigue and dizziness. and outcome of
At higher doses, therapy.
restlessness, agitation, - Monitor input-output
anxiety and confusion. ratio, retention
commonly cause
decreased urinary
output, distention,
frequency and
incontinence.
- Assess for mental
status: affect, mood,
CNS depression,
worsening of mental
symptoms during
early therapy.
- Assess patient’s
response if
anticholinergics are
given.
- Monitor for
constipation,
cramping pain in
abdomen and
abdominal distention.
- Increase fluid intake
and add fiber to diet
 and exercise if these
occurs.
- Assess for tolerance
over long-term
therapy, dosage may
have to be increased
or changed..