A

SEMINAR PROJECT REPORT

ON
“TOURISM-A POTENTIAL STILL TO
EXPLOIT”
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF
AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(SESSION 2010-2012)

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MISS. PRIYANKA MAM SUKHVINDER SINGH
SEMINAR CO-ORDINATOR ROLL NO. 1030
(Faculty of Management)

JK Institute of Management & Technology, KARNAL

 (www.jkinstitutes.com)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Sukhvinder Singh, Roll No. 1030, has proceeded under the
supervision his project Report on “TOURISM-A POTENTIAL OR A PROBLEM”
(Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of Master of Business Administration,
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra.

The work embodied in this report is original. He has completed all requirements of
guidelines for Research Project and the work fit for evaluation.

Signature of Supervision/Guide (with Seal)

NAME : Priyanka Gandhi

DESIGNATION : LECTURER
ORGANIZATION : JK INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT &
TECHNOLOGY

Forwarded by Head/Director of Institute

(With Signature name & Seal)
 DECLARATION

I, Sukhvinder Singh, student of Ist semester, studying at JK INSTITUTE OF

MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY, KARNAL hereby declare that the project report on
“TOURISM-A POTENTIAL OR A PROBLEM”submitted to Kurukshetra University,
Kurukshetra,in partial fulfilment of degree of Master’s of Business Administration is the
original work conducted by me.

The information and data given in the report is authentic to the best of my knowledge.

SUKHVINDER SINGH

ROLL NO.1030
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In this present world of competition there is a race of existence in which those who are

having will to come forward will succeed. I really wish to express my gratitude towards all

those people who have helped me.

I am really indebted to Mrs. Gunjan Aurora, worthy Director, JK Institute of Management

& Technology, Karnal, for her kind hearted approach.

I am also very thankful to Ms. Priyanka Gandhi(MBA) for her timely guidance, supervision

& encouragement that have helped me to get this golden opportunity and who provided me

her expert advice, inspiration & moral support in spite of her busy schedule, has mainly

provided my understanding of this research project.

Last , but not the least, I say only this much that all are not to be mentioned but none is

forgotten and I will like to extend my special thanks and gratitude to my parents who always

encourage me in pursuit of excellence.

SUKHVINDER SINGH

ROLL NO.1030
 CONTENTS

1. Introduction
2. History
3. Type of Tourism

4. Impact of Tourism
5. Swot analysis
6. Recent developments

7. Human right

8. Advantages
9. Disadvantages

10. Benifits

11. Government Revenue

12. Problem

13.Conclusion
14.References
 Introduction

Tourism is big business. It is one of the world's largest industries and in many regions the
single largest source of investment and employment. While it does not have the same
'smokestack' image as the manufacturing industry, it is by no means environmentally benign,
generating significant levels of pollution and consuming considerable amounts of natural
resources. Europe is the world’s favourite tourist destination and so faces considerable
challenges in making its tourist industry more environmentally friendly. One of the biggest
beneficiaries of a more sustainable tourism industry will be the industry itself — fewer
people will want to visit a region where mass tourism has blighted the countryside and
polluted the beaches

Tourism is a vital source of income for many countries and it generates income through the
consumption of goods and services by tourists, the taxes levied on businesses in the tourism
industry, and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with
tourism.

Some of the services offered by these industries include transportation services such as cruise
ships and taxis, accommodation services such as hotels, restaurants, bars, and entertainment
venues, and other hospitality industry services such as spas and resorts.

The tourism requires having some of disposable income, time off from work and other
responsibilities, proper transportation and accommodation facilities and legal clearance for
traveling. More than all, sufficient health condition during the course of travel is required.
There are some countries which have legal restrictions on traveling abroad. Any projections
of growth in tourism serve as an indication of the relative influence that each country will
exercise in the future.

Tourism products have become one of the most traded items on the internet with the advent
of e-commerce. Tourism products and services have been made available through
intermediaries, apart from direct selling.

Space tourism is expected to be launched in the first quarter of the 21st century and the
technological improvement is likely to make it possible for air-ship hotels, based either on
solar-powered airplanes or large dirigibles.

There is also an underwater hotel project, such as Hydropolis in Dubai which is expected to
be completed by December 2007.

From the year 2000 onwards, there was stagnation for almost 3 years in World Tourism
industry. But now again there is an exponential growth since few years and this boom is
expected to continue till another decade.

Definition:

." In 1976 Tourism Society of England defined it as "Tourism is the temporary, short-term
movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and
their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes.

Theo bald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the Latin,
'tornare' and the Greek, 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; the movement around a central
point or axis'. This meaning changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix –
ism is defined as 'an action or process; typical behavior or quality', while the suffix, –ist
denotes 'one that performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist
are combined, they suggest the action of movement around a circle. One can argue that a
circle represents a starting point, which ultimately returns back to its beginning. Therefore,
like a circle, a tour represents a journey in that it is a round-trip, i.e., the act of leaving and
then returning to the original starting point, and therefore, one who takes such a journey can
be called a tourist."

History:

Wealthy people have always travelled to distant parts of the world, to see great buildings,
works of art, learn new languages, experience new cultures and to taste different cuisines.
Long ago, at the time of the Roman Republic, places such as Baiae were popular coastal
resorts for the rich. The word tourism was used by 1811 and tourist by 1840. In 1936, the
League of Nations defined foreign tourist as "someone traveling abroad for at least twenty-
four hours". Its successor, the United Nations, amended this definition in 1945, by including
a maximum stay of six months.

Leisure travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom – the
first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population.
Initially, this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy,
the factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class. Cox & Kings was
the first official travel company to be formed in 1758.

The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. In Nice, France,
one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade
along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic
resorts in continental Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel
Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic – reflecting the dominance of English
customers.

Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer and winter. Places
of such nature often visited are: Bali in Indonesia, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic,
Malaysia, Mexico the various Polynesian tropical islands, Queensland in Australia, Thailand,
and Florida, Hawaii and Puerto Rico in the United States.

Types of Tourism

All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever
since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting
India as the ultimate tourist spot.

The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in India is that India has
always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm – attributes that have been
attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. The Indian government, in order to boost
tourism of various kinds in India, has set up the Ministry of Tourism and Culture. This
ministry recently launched a campaign called ‘Incredible India!’ in order to encourage
different types of tourism in India.

The result was that in 2004, foreign tourists spent around US$ 15.4 billion during their trips
to India. Being a country with tremendous diversity, India has a lot to offer in terms of
tourism and related activities. The diversity that India is famous for, ensures that there is
something to do for all tourists in India, no matter what their interests.

Adventure tourism
As a kind of tourism in India, adventure tourism has recently grown in India. This involves
exploration of remote areas and exotic locales and engaging in various activities. For
adventure tourism in India, tourists prefer to go for trekking to places like Ladakh, Sikkim,
and Himalaya. Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir are popular for the skiing
facilities they offer. Whitewater rafting is also catching on in India and tourists flock to
places such as Uttranchal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh for this adrenalin-packed activity.
Wildlife tourism
India has a rich forest cover which has some beautiful and exotic species of wildlife – some
of which that are even endangered and very rare. This has boosted wildlife tourism in India.
The places where a foreign tourist can go for wildlife tourism in India are the Sariska
Wildlife Sanctuary, Keoladeo Ghana National Park, and Corbett National Park.

Medical tourism
Tourists from all over the world have been thronging India to avail themselves of cost-
effective but superior quality healthcare in terms of surgical procedures and general medical
attention. There are several medical institutes in the country that cater to foreign patients and
impart top-quality healthcare at a fraction of what it would have cost in developed nations
such as USA and UK. It is expected that medical tourism in India will hold a value around
US$ 2 billion by 2012. The city of Chennai attracts around 45% of medical tourists from
foreign countries.

Pilgrimage tourism
India is famous for its temples and that is the reason that among the different kinds of
tourism in India, pilgrimage tourism is increasing most rapidly. The various places for
tourists to visit in India for pilgrimage are Vaishno Devi, Golden temple, Char Dham, and
Mathura Vrindavan.

Eco tourism
Among the types of tourism in India, ecotourism have grown recently. Ecotourism entails the
sustainable preservation of a naturally endowed area or region. This is becoming more and
more significant for the ecological development of all regions that have tourist value. For
ecotourism in India, tourists can go to places such as Kaziranga National Park, Gir National
Park, and Kanha National Park.

Cultural tourism

India is known for its rich cultural heritage and an element of mysticism, which is why
tourists come to India to experience it for themselves. The various fairs and festivals that
tourists can visit in India are the Pushkar fair, Taj Mahotsav, and Suraj Kund mela.
The types of tourism in India have grown and this has boosted the Indian economy. That it
continues to grow efforts must be taken by the Indian government, so that the tourism sector
can contribute more substantially to the nation’s GDP.

The Positive and Negative Social and Environmental Impacts of

Tourism

Socially tourism has a great influence on the host societies. Tourism can be both a source of
international amity, peace and understanding and a destroyer and corrupter of indigenous
cultures, a source of ecological destruction, an assault of people’s privacy, dignity, and
authenticity.
Here are possible positive effects of tourism:
 Developing positive attitudes towards each other
 Learning about each other’s culture and customs
 Reducing negative perceptions and stereotypes
 Developing friendships
 Developing pride, appreciation, understanding, respect, and tolerance for
 each other’s culture
 Increasing self-esteem of hosts and tourists
 Psychological satisfaction with interaction
So, social contacts between tourists and local people may result in mutual appreciation,
understanding,tolerance, awareness, learning, family bonding respect, and liking. Residents
are educated about the outside world without leaving their homes, while their visitors
significantly learn about a distinctive culture. Local communities are benefited through
contribution by tourism to the improvement of the social infrastructure like schools, libraries,
health care institutions, internet cafes, and so on. Besides, if local culture is the base for
attracting tourists to the region, it helps to preserve the local traditions and handicrafts which
maybe were on the link of the extinction. For example in Uzbekistan, particularly in such
famous regions as Samarqand, Buhara, and Horezm tourists contribute significantly to the
preservation of traditional handcrafting wood carving, hammered copper work, handmade
silk and carpets, and of course to preservation and maintenance of architectural and historical
monuments., Since Uzbekistan proclaimed its independence in 1991 many museums and
monuments were renovated or opened to promote the national culture and traditions.
Growing interest in this culture makes the local people proud of their way of life. On the
other side tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion. Claims of tourism as a vital
force for peace are exaggerated. Indeed there is little evidence that tourism is drawing the
world together (Robinson 1999).

In this context economic and social impacts on the local community depend on how much of
the incomes generated by tourists go to the host communities. In most all-inclusive package
tours more than 80% of travellers’ fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international
companies, not to local businessmen and workers. On the other hand large hotel chain
restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff for
senior management positions, reventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit
of their presence. Tourism has the power to affect cultural change. Successful development
of a resource can lead to numerous negative impacts. Among these are overdevelopment,
assimilation, conflict, and artificial reconstruction. While presenting a culture to tourists may
help preserve the culture, it can also dilute or even destroy it. The point is to promote tourism
in the region so that it would both give incomes and create respect for the local tradition and
culture. There are also both negative and positive impacts of tourism on the local ecology.
Tourism often grows into mass-tourism. It leads to the over consumption, pollution, and lack
of resources. However, from the ecological point of view tourism is often more acceptable
and preferable than any other industrial production, as it is environmentally friendlier. The
problem is that it is not easy to change the traditional way of life of the local communities. It
often creates pseudo conflicts. Undoubtedly in some regions or countries the alternative
industries are even more harmful to the environment than tourism. Besides that in many
countries of Asia and the Pacific, for example in Cook Islands, Samoa and others, tourism is
the main source of income or the friendliest to the environment. It is at least better than
chopping down the forests or destroying coral reefs.
 Swot analysis

Strengths:
 Very good and peaceful location
They have their own beach COLVA which is major tourist attraction
Good services toward customer
Rates are much low as compared to their customer

Weakness:
 Very far from airport, railway station and from the main city
 No major tourist spot nearby except colva beach

Opportunity:

 As there is boon in tourisms so opportunity of capturing the market.

Major brand Ramada all over the world

Support from Kokan government tourisms department
If they do more advertisement and promotion then chances of capturing
more market shares.

Threat
 Major competition from hotels like Leela, Taj, and holiday inn and
 Majorda beach resorts

Recent developments

There has been an upmarket trend in the tourism over the last few decades, especially in
Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common.] Tourists have high levels of
disposable income, considerable leisure time, are well educated, and have sophisticated
tastes. There is now a demand for a better quality products, which has resulted in a
fragmenting of the mass market for beach vacations; people want more specialised versions,
quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays or niche market-targeted destination hotels.

Tourists enjoying cocktails during a beach vacation in the Bahamas

The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as jumbo jets, low-cost
airlines and more accessible airports have made many types of tourism more affordable.
WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time. There have also been
changes in lifestyle, such as retiree-age people who sustain year round tourism. This is
facilitated by internet sales of tourism products. Some sites have now started to offer
dynamic packaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailor-made package
requested by the customer upon impulse.

There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist
threats to tourist destinations, such as in Bali and several European cities. Also, on December
26, 2004, a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, hit the Asian countries on
the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of lives were lost and many tourists
died. This, together with the vast clean-up operation in place, has stopped or severely
hampered tourism to the area.
The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context, travel has
a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms tourism and
tourist are sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or
locations visited by tourists.

Sustainable tourism

"Sustainable tourism is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way

that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity,
essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems." (World
Tourism Organization)

Sustainable development implies "meeting the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on
Environment and Development, 1987)

EcotourismEcotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is responsible travel to fragile,

pristine, and usually protected areas that strives to be low impact and (often) small
scale. It helps educate the traveler; provides funds for conservation; directly benefits
the economic development and political empowerment of local communities; and
fosters respect for different cultures and for human rights

Recession tourism

Recession tourism is a travel trend, which evolved by way of the world economic crisis.
Identified by American entrepreneur Matt Landau (2007), recession tourism is defined by
low-cost, high-value experiences taking place of once-popular generic retreats. Various
recession tourism hotspots have seen business boom during the recession thanks to
comparatively low costs of living and a slow world job market suggesting travelers are
elongating trips where their money travels further.

Medical tourism

When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure,
particularly in Southeast Asia, India, Eastern Europe and where there are different regulatory
regimes, in relation to particular medical procedures (e.g. dentistry), traveling to take
advantage of the price or regulatory differences is often referred to as "medical tourism".

Educational tourism

Educational tourism developed, because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning
of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom
environment. In educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes
visiting another country to learn about the culture, such as in Student Exchange Programs
and Study Tours, or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different
environment, such as in the International Practicum Training Program.

Creative tourism

Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism, since the early beginnings of
tourism itself. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour, which saw the sons
of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of mostly interactive, educational
experiences. More recently, creative tourism has been given its own name by Crispin
Raymond and Greg Richards, who as members of the Association for Tourism and Leisure
Education (ATLAS), have directed a number of projects for the European Commission,
including cultural and crafts tourism, known as sustainable tourism. They have defined
"creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travellers in the culture of
the host community, through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences.

Meanwhile, the concept of creative tourism has been picked up by high-profile organizations
such as UNESCO, who through the Creative Cities Network, have endorsed creative tourism
as an engaged, authentic experience that promotes an active understanding of the specific
cultural features of a place.

More recently, creative tourism has gained popularity as a form of cultural tourism, drawing
on active participation by travelers in the culture of the host communities they visit. Several
countries offer examples of this type of tourism development, including the United Kingdom,
the Bahamas, Jamaica, Spain, Italy and New Zealand.
Dark tourism

One emerging area of special interest has been identified by Lennon and Foley (2000). as
"dark" tourism. This type of tourism involves visits to "dark" sites, such as battlegrounds,
scenes of horrific crimes or acts of genocide, for example: concentration camps. Dark
tourism remains a small niche market, driven by varied motivations, such as mourning,
remembrance, education, macabre curiosity or even entertainment. Its early origins are rooted
in fairgrounds and medieval fairs.

Doom tourism

Also known as "Tourism of Doom," or "Last Chance Tourism" this emerging trend involves
traveling to places that are environmentally or otherwise threatened (the ice caps of Mount
Kilamanjaro, the melting glaciers of Patagonia, The coral of the Great Barrier Reef ) before it
is too late. Identified by travel trade magazine TravelAge West editor-in-chief Kenneth
Shapiro in 2007 and later explored in The New York Times, this type of tourism is believed
to be on the rise. Some see the trend as related to sustainable tourism or ecotourism due to
the fact that a number of these tourist destinations are considered threatened by
environmental factors such as global warming, over population or climate change. Others
worry that travel to many of these threatened locations increases an individual’s carbon
footprint and only hastens problems threatened locations are already facing.
 Growth

The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) forecasts that international tourism will
continue growing at the average annual rate of 4 %. With the advent of e-commerce, tourism
products have become one of the most traded items on the internet. Tourism products and
services have been made available through intermediaries, although tourism providers
(hotels, airlines, etc.) can sell their services directly. This has put pressure on intermediaries
from both on-line and traditional shops.

It has been suggested there is a strong correlation between tourism expenditure per capita and
the degree to which countries play in the global context. Not only as a result of the important
economic contribution of the tourism industry, but also as an indicator of the degree of
confidence with which global citizens leverage the resources of the globe for the benefit of
their local economies. This is why any projections of growth in tourism may serve as an
indication of the relative influence that each country will exercise in the future.

Space tourism is expected to "take off" in the first quarter of the 21st century, although
compared with traditional destinations the number of tourists in orbit will remain low until
technologies such as a space elevator make space travel cheap.

Technological improvement is likely to make possible air-ship hotels, based either on solar-
powered airplanes or large dirigibles.Underwater hotels, such as Hydropolis, expected to
open in Dubai in 2009, will be built. On the ocean, tourists will be welcomed by ever larger
cruise ships and perhaps floating cities
Since the late 1970s packaged sports travel has become increasingly popular. Events such as
rugby, Olympics, Commonwealth games, Asian Games and football World.

Cups have enabled specialist travel companies to gain official ticket allocation and then sell
them in packages that include flights, hotels and excursions.

As a result of the late-2000s recession, international arrivals suffered a strong slowdown

beginning in June 2008. Growth from 2007 to 2008 was only 3.7% during the first eight
months of 2008. The Asian and Pacific markets were affected and Europe stagnated during
the boreal summer months, while the Americas performed better, reducing their expansion
rate but keeping a 6% growth from January to August 2008. Only the Middle East continued
its rapid growth during the same period, reaching a 17% growth as compared to the same
period in 2007.[35] This slowdown on international tourism demand was also reflected in the
air transport industry, with a negative growth in September 2008 and a 3.3% growth in
passenger traffic through September. The hotel industry also reports a slowdown, as room
occupancy continues to decline. As the global economic situation deteriorated dramatically
during September and October as a result of the global financial crisis, growth of
international tourism is expected to slow even further for the remaining of 2008, and this
slowdown in demand growth is forecasted to continue into 2009 as recession has already hit
most of the top spender countries, with long-haul travel expected to be the most affected by
the economic crisis. This negative trend intensified as international tourist arrivals fell by 8%
during the first four months of 2009, and the decline was exacerbated in some regions due to
the outbreak of the influenza AH1N1 virus.
 Human right

On the 15th of April 2010 a headline in the British newspaper, The Sunday Times,
proclaimed that European Commissioner Antonio Tajani had unveiled a plan declaring
tourism a human right. According to the article itself: Tajani's view is that pensioners, youths
and those too poor to afford it should have their travel subsidised by the taxpayer. Tajani's
program will be piloted until 2013 and then put into full operation. In introducing his plan,
Tajani stated, "Travelling for tourism today is a right. The way we spend our holidays is a
formidable indicator of our quality of life." His spokesman added, "Why should someone
from the Mediterranean not be able to travel to Edinburgh in summer for a breath of cool,
fresh air; why should someone from Edinburgh not be able to travel to Greece in winter?"
The characterization of Tajani's position as advocating an expansion of human rights was
repeated by other media such as the conservative Canadian newspaper National Postand
Wikipedia. According to Euractive it proved impossible for the commissioner's office to
correct the misleading impression created by the Sunday Times headline in the Wikipedia
articles on tourism and Antonio Tajani as the Sunday Times is a "reliable published source"
while the actual text of the Commissioner's speech is only a "primary source".

EurActiv, an independent media portal, criticized the article by The Sunday Times as an
example of misleading information about the EU which appears in the British press and then
picked up by other Anglo-Saxon media and blogs, and Wikipedia. EurActiv notes that "the
article on The Sunday Times never quotes the Commissioner as having made such a
statement. Nevertheless, it pursues the argument under the headline "Brussels decrees
holidays as a human right," underlining the alleged "hundreds of millions of pounds" that
pursuing the idea would cost taxpayers." EurActiv criticized Wikipedia on the grounds that it
proved impossible for Commissioner Tajani's team to correct the wrong information in the
encyclopedia, and echoed European Commission spokesperson Pia Ahrenkilde Hansen's
statement that "ethics in digital communications is definitely a subject which deserves to be
addressed
 TOURISM- A POTENCIAL STILL TO EXPLOIT

Advantage (depending upon implementation some of these can turn into

disadvantages)

• employment (1 emp/1000 tourist) (labor intensive, few administrative positions, little

upward mobility.)
• infrastructure development (roads, water, electricity, telecom and cybercom, but not
necessarily local priorities.)
• cultural preservation (economic incentives to preserve food, fashion, festivals and
physical history, but these tend to be superficial elements of a culture.)
• environmental protection (econ incentives to preserve nature, wildlife and urban
cleanliness)
• foreign exchange (generates resources to import food, pharmaceuticals, technology,
consumer goods.)
• development of health care services (those these aren't always available to local
people.)

Disadvantages (depending upon implementation some of these can turn into

advantages)

• cultural destruction, (modernization (world mono-culture), freezes culture as

performers, loss: language, religion, rituals, material culture.)
• primary products (sun, sand, surf, safari, suds, ski, sex) (little value added, neo-
colonialism)
• environmental destruction (game drives, resorts: golf, ski, beach, desert, world as play
ground, SUV.)
• marginal employment (low skill, low wage, menial services, prostitution, drug trade,
gambling, hustlers.)
• low benefits (no job security, no health care, no organizing, no work safety rules or
enviro standards.)
• development of illegal and/or destructive economic activities (markets for drugs,
endangered species, etc.)
• outside hiring (skilled middle and senior management recruited out of the area and
transferred in.)
• concentration employment (walled resort enclaves.)
• seasonal employment
• outside decision making (decisions made outside of the area, corporate dollars corrupt
government.)
• unrealistic expectations (divert young people from school and brighter futures.)
• anti-democratic collusion (industry support of repressive governments)
• land controlled by the elite (people relocated, agriculture eliminated, prohibited from
N.P.)
• negative lifestyle's (STD's, substance abuse, begging, hustling)
• diverted and concentrated development (airport, roads, water, electricity to tourist
destinations, development not accessible to locals),
• little forex stays in country (airplanes, vehicles, booze, hot air balloons, generally
have foreign owners),
• package programs
• cruises (eat and sleep on board so the economic benefits to the ports-of-call is very
thin and limited.)
• unstable market (fickle, affected by local and world events, generally highly elastic)
• health tourism (traveling to get medical procedure at lower cost) has it own set of
unique challenges, which include: Determining the credential, skills and quality of the
facility and personnel. Language communication challenges on topics requiring a lot
of details, sometimes even when both parties seemingly speak the same language.
Different cultural issues and expectations around health care and the body. Post-
treatment complications, after the "tourist" has left the facility
 Benefits of Tourism
Tourism is now the world's largest industry

The World Tourism Council estimates that travel and tourism provides employment for
nearly 220 million people world wide (that's one in thirteen workers) and is responsible for
over 9% of world wide captial investment.

In the year ended June 2009, there were 1,045,000 visitors to the Fraser Coast. Of these 67%
were intrastate visitors (706,000), 14% were interstate visitors (142,000) and 19% were
international visitors (197,000).

In the same period 4,449,000 visitor nights were spent in the region.

Domestic and International tourism contributed in net terms approximately $8 billion to the
Queensland economy. Tourism generates $3.7 billion annually as an export earner, second
only to coal exports.

Multiplier Effect

A tourist dollar is a new dollar injected into the local economy. A percentage of this new
dollar is spent in the community by the recipient and this dollar is spent and re-spent creating
a multiplier effect. The more new tourist dollars entering a local economy and the longer the
percentage is retained locally, the greater the economic benefit.

Employment Opportunities

Tourism is a labour intensive industry and creates many job opportunities, especially for
young people and part-time and full-time workers. In the tourism hospitality and recreation
industries alone there are 50 categories of employment and approximately 200 classifications
of occupations.
Diversification

Tourism can provide diversification, making the local economy less reliant on a tradional
base e.g. agriculture and mining. This is particularly significant for regional rural
communities.

Opportunites for Business

Tourism creates opportunities for the establishment of new products, facilities and services
and expansion of existing businesses which would not otherwise be justified solely on the
resident population.

Preservation of the Environment and Heritage

Tourism highlights the need for proper management and, through effective policies and
planning, can ensure that the environment, heritage and inherent character of an area is
preserved.

The Catalyst for Residential Development

In many places visitors who initially travelled to particular areas as tourists, have relocated to
those areas to become residents and acquire a beter quality of life.

Improved Transport Services

Tourism can stimulate the establishment of new and improved transport services to and
within a regional area.

A Broader Social Outlook

Tourism provides the opportunity for residents to interact with other people and cultures and
brings new ideas into the community
 Government Revenue

Government revenue includes all amounts of money received from sources outside the
government entity. Large governments usually have an agency or department responsible for
collecting government revenue from companies and individuals.

Government revenue may also include reserve bank currency which is printed. This is
recorded as an advance to the retail bank together with a corresponding currency in
circulation expense entry. The income derives from the Official Cash rate payable by the
retail banks for instruments such as 90 day bills.There is a question as to whether using
generic business based accounting standards can give a fair and accurate picture of
government accounts in that with a monetary policy statement to the reserve bank directing a
positive inflation rate the expense provision for the return of currency to the reserve bank is
largely symbolic in that to totally cancel the currency in circulation provision all currency
would have to be returned to the reserve bank and cancelled.

In business, revenue is income that a company receives from its normal business activities,
usually from the sale of goods and services to customers. In many countries, such as the
United Kingdom, revenue is referred to as turnover. Some companies receive revenue from
interest, dividends or royalties paid to them by other companies. Revenue may refer to
business income in general, or it may refer to the amount, in a monetary unit, received during
a period of time, as in "Last year, Company X had revenue of $42 million."

Profits or net income generally imply total revenue minus total expenses in a given period. In
accounting, revenue is often referred to as the "top line" due to its position on the income
statement at the very top. This is to be contrasted with the "bottom line" which denotes net
income
For non-profit organizations, annual revenue may be referred to as gross receipts.This
revenue includes donations from individuals and corporations, support from government
agencies, income from activities related to the organization's mission, and income from
fundraising activities, membership dues, and financial investments such as stock shares in
companies. For government, revenue includes gross proceeds from income taxes on
companies and individuals, excise duties, customs duties, other taxes, sales of goods and
services, dividends and interest.

In general usage, revenue is income received by an organization in the form of cash or cash
equivalents. Sales revenue or revenues is income received from selling goods or services
over a period of time. Tax revenue is income that a government receives from taxpayers.

In more formal usage, revenue is a calculation or estimation of periodic income based on a

particular standard accounting practice or the rules established by a government or
government agency. Two common accounting methods, cash basis accounting and accrual
basis accounting, do not use the same process for measuring revenue. Corporations that offer
shares for sale to the public are usually required by law to report revenue based on generally
accepted accounting principles or International Financial Reporting Standards.

In a double-entry bookkeeping system, revenue accounts are general ledger accounts that are
summarized periodically under the heading Revenue or Revenues on an income statement.
Revenue account names describe the type of revenue, such as "Repair service revenue",
"Rent revenue earned" or "Sales".

Problems Faced by the tourism industry in India

Disease and Safety. Even places like India where the country is making extraordinary
changes for the good many places still remain unsanitary. It is still very easy to contract
malaria if you do not treat yourself properly, same goes for hepatitis. The good thing is if you
are in the larger cities like Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore, many medical facilities are
considered to be in excellent condition. So if something medically does occur you can find a
hospital that can treat you without much problem. If you are in a more rural part then it can
be dicey. As for Pakistan and Bangladesh you will not find this. Even in the larger cities of
those two countries you will not find a hospital with the capabilities that you would find in
India. Maybe in Karachi but not in Dhaka. There are still major infastructure issues that are
still prevalent in those two countries compared to India. The other big problem is safety.
Naturally people fear of terrorism when traveling to this part of the world considering the
rivalry between India and Pakistan, but that is probably the least of your worries, but still
should not be overlooked. In general these acts have been small in nature and there has been
little evidence that the terrorists main targets were tourists. But you also have to worry about
petty crime and other crimes. The scary thing about India is women especially western
women will get harassed by men for their outfits if they are revealing. Especially if you are
geting on a train women have been complaining about getting groped and felt up by men on
the train, mainly because they are so jam packed it pretty much will occur. Also some
customs we find common in the west like Kissing in public is looked down upon in India just
as Richard Gere about that. Like when visting any third world country there are going to be
parts where there will be extremely poor people even worse than what you would see back
home and very often they will surround you begging for money food or anything else. Really
the best way to avoid this is to not dress extravengtly just try to look as poor as you can,
because it is to your benifit and try not to bring too much money with you. Even if you do
not give they may take it right from you. At best just try not to go to these places. My advice
is if you are traveling to any third world country try to go as part of a recognized tour group
mainly because there is some protection with it. You will have local tour guides who are
trusted and they will keep you in Areas that are safe and nice to go to. It will also help you
from getting stuck in many of the scammer taxis and other scam artist.

CONCLUSION

As India is rich with culture and heritage, but India is facing not so good important
place in the tourism industry. which can provide 30% to 50% of the G.D.P of the
country. But the government is not taking it very seriously to improve our condition so
that the tourism industry in the country can grow.

Today man had money and wanted to see what he had learned and listened from the
people. They are ready to pay for entertainment but they should feel that they had enjoyed.
Foreign countries are taking the advantage by providing with the attractive offers and
simplicity in obtaining tourist visa.

They advertise themselves they had formed separate ministry to see that they
are advertised and there is increase in the tourist.India required to take steam measures
because it can solve the countries most afected problem, that is unemployment. If
unemployment problem is solve, the problem of growing population can come into control.

REFERENCES
En.wikipedia.org/wiki/tourism.
Tourism news room.com.
United Nations World Tourism Organization. (2007). About UNWTO.