CHEMISTRY

B.Sc. 3rd year

PAPER-I
COURSE NO. CHB-301

TITLE: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

M.Marks : 34
Total duration: 50 hrs

UNIT-I (13hrs)
COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
Introduction, Werner’s Coordination. Theory and its experimental verification
Effective atomic number: Concept and its Significance.
IUPAC Nomenclature and Stereochemistry of Coordination numbers (2-6)
Isomerism in Coordination Compounds (including geometrical and optical)
Valence bond and Crystal field theories to explain, structure, bonding, magnetic and
Spectral properties in transition metal complexes – (tetrahedral, square planar and
octahedral), 10 Dq ; Factors affecting the magnitude of 10 Dq ; pairing energy and
CFSE in weak and strong field ligands.
Applications of Coordination Compounds in Analytical Chemistry.

UNIT-II (13hrs)
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
Definition, Classification, Position in the Periodic table and the Electronic
Configurations.
Physico- chemical properties: Atomic radii, Metallic character and related properties
Ionization energies: Relation between the ionization energy and stability of a metal
ion in given oxidation state.
Variable oxidation states: Ionic / covalent character and Acidic / basic character of
Compounds of a given transition metal in various oxidation states and stabilization
of unusual oxidation states.
Spectral and Magnetic properties: Calculation and uses of magnetic moment value.
Interstitial hydrides, carbides, nitrides and oxides of transition metals: Preparation,
properties and uses (with respect to first transition series only).

UNIT-III (12hrs)
CHEMISTRY OF INNER-TRANSITION ELEMENTS
Lanthanoids : (AT.NO. 58-71); Introduction, Electronic configuration, Oxidation
States, Magnetic properties & Complexing behaviour.
Ionic radii and Lanthanide contraction: Causes and C9nquences of Lanthanide
Contraction.
Separation of Lanthanoids: Fractional Crystallization, Ion-exchange and Solvent
Extraction methods.
Actinoids: (At. No.90-103); Introduction, Electronic configuration, oxidation states,
 Magnetic properties& Comparison with Lanthanoids.
Chemistry of Separation of Np, Pu and Am from U.

UNIT-IV
BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Elementary cell biology: Structural features of cell: dimensions of cell and cellular
Materials.
Structure and biological role of various components of Eukaryotic cell.
Bimolecular and their metal coordination behaviour- Sugars, Amino acids,
Dipeptides, Polypeptides and Nucleic-acids.
The natural selection of the elements: Abundance in the living systems and the
Distribution of elements essential for living in the periodic table.
Biochemical role of Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and halogens in living systems.
Harmful effects of excess of metals on human body.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Coordination Chemistry; D.Banerjee; Tata Mc Graw Hill
2. Concise Coordination Chemistry; R. Gopalan & V.Ramalingam; Vikas.
3. Basic Inorganic chemistry ; F.A.Cotton.G.Wilikinson & P.L.Gauss;Wiley
4. Inorganic Chemistry ; D.E.Shriver; P.W.Atkins & C.H.Langford; Oxford.
5. Concise Inorganic Chemistry; J.D.Lee. ELBS.8
6. Inorganic Chemistry; Gary Wulfsberg; Viva; 2002.
7. Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry 3rd edn.; B.Douglas: D.Mc Daniel:
J.Alexander; Wiley; 2001.
8. The Biological Chemistry of Elements; J.J.R.Frausto de Silva & R.J.P.Williams;
Oxford; 1994.
9. Bio inorganic Chemistry; K.Hussain Reddy; New Age; 2005.
10. Metal ions in Biochemistry; P.K.Battacharya; Narosa; 2005.
PAPER-II
COURSE NO. CHB-302

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Total duration- 50 hrs

UNIT-I SPECTROSCOPE
ULTRAVOILET SPECTROSCOPE (15 hrs)
Absorption laws (Beer-Labert Law), molar absorptivty, presentation and analysis of
electronic spectra.
Types of electronic excitations; effects of conjugation and effect of solvents. Concept
of chromophore and auxochrome. Bathochromic and hypsochomic shifts.
UV spectra of conjugate enes and enones. Prediction of max of enes and enones
using Woodward rules
.
INFRARED SPECTRUM
Infrared region, Molecular vibrations, Hooks law (No derivation), selection rules, the
Infrared spectrum , Finger Print region, effect of resonance, Inductive Effects,
H-bonding electronegativity of IR spectra. Characteristics absorption of the following
Functional groups-Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, alcohols, ethers, carbonyl compounds,
Amines and carboxylic acids. Interpretation of IR spectra of simple molecules.

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) SPECTROSCOPE

Basic principles, Proton magnetic resonance ( ¹H NMR).Shielding and deshilding of
Protons, chemical shift and equivalent and nonequivalent protons, spin-spin splitting
and coupling constants for vicinal, geminal and long range coupling. Areas of signals
Interpretation of NMR spectra of simple organic molecules such as ethyl bromide,
Ethanol, acetaldehyde. Ethyl acetate and acetophenone.

UNIT-II BIOMOLECULES-I (12 hrs)

CARBOHYDRATES
Introduction, Classification and confrigation of monosaccharide (The D&L system),
Cyclisation of monosaccharide (Furanose and pyranose form). Determination of ring
Size of mono saccharides with references to cyclic structure of D (+) glucose.
Reactions of monosaccharides : Mechanism of osazone formation, glycoside
formation, acetylation and methlation, chain lengthening and chain shortening of
aldoses. Interconversion of glucose and fructose and conversion of glucose into
Mannose, Mechanism of mutarotations.

UNIT-III BIOMOLECULES-II
AMINOACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
Introduction, classification, structure and stereochemistry of amino acids. Acid base
Behaviour and isoelectric points. Preparation and reactions of -amino acids.
Structure determination (end group analysis, selection hydrolysis) and synthesis
 (classical and solid phase) of peptides.

LIPIDS
Definition, Natural fats and oils, structural features of triglycerides, common fatty
acids. Hydrogenation of oils containing unsaturated fatty acids. Saponification,
iodine and acid values. Soaps and detergents.

STERIODS
Introduction to steroidal compounds (Cholesterol sex hormones and cortisone) with
out structure determination and synthesis.

SECONDARY METABOLITES
Introduction, classification and importance of terpenoids and Alkaloids, structural
Skelton of their representative examples.

UNIT-IV:GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
Organo magnesium compounds – The Grignards reagent: Preparation, structure and
chemical reactions.
Organo Zinc compounds: Preparation and chemical reactions.
Organo Lithium compounds: Preparation and chemical reactions.

SYNTHETIC DYES
Colour and constitution (Electronic concept) Classification of dyes. Chemistry and
Synthesis of Methyl orange, Congo Red, Malachite Green, Crystal Violet,
Phenophthalene, Alizarin and Indigo.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Organic chemistry, Vol I & II, 31st Ed. I.L.Finar (LPE, Pearson Education).
2. Organic chemistry, 6th Ed. Morrison and Boyd (Prentice Hall)
3. Organic chemistry, I.G.Ward (Prentice Hall)
4. Fundamentals of Organic chemistry, 5h Ed. Solomons (Jogn-wiley).
5. Organic chemistry, Vols I, II & III, Singh, Mukherji & R.P.Kapoor (Wiley-
Eastern).
6. Text book of Organic Chemistry, R.K.Bansal (Wiley- Eastern-1997).
7. Advanced Organic Chemistry, B.S.Bahl and Arun Bahl (S.Chand-1996).
PAPER-II
COURSE NO. CHB-302

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

Total duration- 50 hrs

UNIT-I
QUANTUM CHEMISTRY-I (13 hrs)
Limitation of Classical mechanics: Black-body radiation, Plank’s radiation law,
Photoelectric effect, heat capacity of solids and atomic spectra. De Broglie
hypothesis, the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Sinosoidal wave equation.
Introduction to operators and operator algebra. Hermitian operator, Hamiltonian
Operator, Schrodinger wave equation and its importance, physical interpretation of
the wave function, postulates of quantum mechanics, detailed treatment of particle
a one dimensional box.
Schrodinger wave equation for H-atom, separation into three equations (without
derivation), quantum numbers and their importance, hydrogen like wave functions,
radial wave functions, angular wave functions.

UNIT-II
CHEMICAL BONDING AND SPECTROSCOPE
CHEMICAL BONDING : Molecular orbital theory basic ideas-criteria for forming
M.O’s from AO’s,Construction of M.O’s by LCAO, H2+ ion, calculation of energy
Levels from wave functions, physical picture of bonding and antibonding wave
functions, concept of ,  ,  and  orbitals and their characteristics.
SPECTROSCOPE: Electromagnetic radiation, regions of the spectrum and associated
spectroscopies, statement of Born- Openheimer approximation.
ROTATIONAL SPECTROSCOPE : Moment of inertia, classification of molecules on the
Basis of moment of inertia, classical treatment of rotation of rigid diatomicmolecules,
Selection rules for transitions and associated spectrum, intensity of spectral lines,
determination of bond length.
VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOP : Classical and quantum (qualitative) treatments of
Harmonic vibrations of diatomic molecules. Pure vibrational spectrum of diatomic
molecules, selection rules, determination of force constant and qualitative relation of
force constant and bond energies, vibrational degrees of freedom, idea of vibrational
frequencies of different functional groups.

UNIT-III
PHOTOCHEMISTRY (12 hrs)
Interaction of radiation with matter, difference between thermal and photochemical
Processes.
Laws of photochemistry, Lambert-Beer law, Grothus- Drapper law, Stark-Einstein
law, Jablonski diagram depicting various processes occurring in the excited state,
qualitative description of fluorescence, phosphorescence, non- radiative processes
 (internal conversion, intersystem crossing) quantum yield, photosensitized reactions,
energy transfer processes (simple examples).
KINETICS OF PHOTOCHE MICAL REACTIONS : Photochemical decomposition of
Hydrogen iodine, Photochemical combination of Hydrogen- chlorine and hydrogen-
Bromine reactions.

UNIT-IV (12hrs)
SOLUTIONS (6 hrs)
Thermodynamics of elevation in boiling point and depression in freezing point.
Activity and activity coefficient, determination of activity and activity coefficient
with freezing point and emf methods. Thermodynamic functions of non-ideal
solutions.
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES (6 hrs)
Dipole moment, induced dipole moment, Measurement of dipole moment
(temperature method and refractivity method), Dipole moment and Structure of
molecules. Polarization- (Clausis-Mossotti equation), orientation of dipoles in an
electric field, Dielectric properties: Piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity and
Pyrroelectricity.

BOOKS SUGGESTED
1. Physical chemistry; P.W.Atkins, Oxford.
2. Physical chemistry; G.M.Barrow, McGraw-Hill (International Student edition)
3. Physical chemistry; R.A.Alberty, Willey, Eastern Ltd.
4. Essentials of Physical chemistry Vols III & IV; K.L.Kapoor, Macmillan India
Ltd.
5. Principals of Physical chemistry; Puri Sharma and Pathania, S.Nagin Chand & co.
6. Physical chemistry through Problems; S.K.Dogra, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
7. University general Chemistry; C.N.R. Rao, MacMillan.
8. Introduction to Quantum Chemistry, A.K.Chandrra, TMH.
9. Molecular Spectroscope, C.N.Banwell, TMH.
10. Physical chemistry – A Molecular Approach, D.A.McQuarrie and J.D.Simon,
VIVA.