Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 7, Solution 1.
ΣM A = 0:
FBD FRAME:
( 0.3 m ) Dx − ( 0.4 m )( 900 N ) = 0
∴ D x = 1200 N
FBD JEHDF: ΣFx = 0: 1200 N + V = 0

V = −1200 N
ΣFy = 0: F = 0
ΣM J = 0: ( 0.15 m )(1200 N ) − M =0
M = + 180 N ⋅ m
Thus, ( on JE ) F =0
V = 1200 N
M = 180.0 N ⋅ m
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr.,
Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell
© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
FBD FRAME: ΣM A = 0: ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) − ( 0.25 m ) Dx = 0,

D x = 1824 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay + Dy + 480 N = 0 (1)
FBD ABC: Note: BE is a two-force member

ΣM B = 0: ( 0.75 m ) Ay =0 Ay = 0
Then, from (1) above, Dy = − 480 N
D y = 480 N
ΣFx = 0: F − 1824 N = 0 F = 1.824 kN

FBD sect. DJ: ΣFy = 0: − 480 N – V = 0 V = − 480 N
V = 480 N
ΣM J = 0: M + ( 0.25 m )( 480 N ) = 0
M = −120 N ⋅ m M = 120.0 N ⋅ m
1
FBD CEF: ΣFx = 0: C x − (180 N ) C x = 90 2 N
2
ΣΜ E = 0: ( 0.2 m ) C y − ( 0.05 m ) ( 90 2 N )
− ( 0.15 m + 0.08 m )(180 N ) = 0
C y = 126 2 N
FBD sect. CJ: ΣFx = 0: 90 2 N − F = 0 F = 127.3 N
ΣFy = 0: −126 2 N + V = 0 V = 178.2 N
ΣM J = 0: ( 0.05 m ) ( 90 ) (
2 N − ( 0.10 m ) 126 2 N − M = 0 )
M = 11.46 N ⋅ m
Note: AC is a two-force member, resolve FAC at C:

FBD Frame:
1
ΣM E = 0: ( 0.25 m + 0.25 m ) FAC − ( 0.15 m )( 320 N ) = 0
2
FAC = 96 2 N
FBD sect. AB: 3 7

ΣFx = 0: − 96 N + V + F =0
4 4
7 3
ΣFy = 0: 96 N + V − F =0
4 4
Solving: V = 8.50 N 41.4°
F = 135.5 N 46.8°
4− 7 
ΣM B = 0: M − ( 0.3 m )( 96 N ) + 
 10 m  ( 96 N ) = 0
 
M = 15.799 N ⋅ m, M = 15.80 N ⋅ m
FBD Frame: Note: AB is a two-force member, so

Ax Ay
= (1)
12 5
ΣM C = 0: (15 in.) Ax − ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0
A x = 124.8 lb
From (1) above, A y = 52.0 lb
FBD AJ:
ΣFx = 0: −124.8 lb + F = 0 F = 124.8 lb
ΣFy = 0: 52 lb − V = 0 V = 52.0 lb
ΣM J = 0: M − (10 in.)( 52 lb ) = 0 M = 520 lb ⋅ in.
Note: AB is a two-force member

FBD CD:
5  12
ΣΜ C = 0: (18 in.)   
FAB  + ( 7.5 in.)  FAB 
 13   13 
− ( 24 in.)( 78 lb ) = 0
FAB = 135.2 lb
12
ΣFx = 0: Cx − (135.2 lb ) = 0
13
C x = 124.8 lb
5
ΣFy = 0: Cy + (135.2 lb ) − ( 78 lb ) = 0
13
C y = 26 lb
FBD CK: 12 5
ΣFx′ = 0: −F + (124.8 lb ) + ( 26 lb ) = 0
13 13
F = 125.2 lb 22.6°
5 12
ΣFy′ = 0: V − (124.8 lb ) + ( 26 lb ) = 0
13 13
V = 24.0 lb 67.4°
ΣM K = 0: ( 5 in.)(124.8 lb ) − (12 in.)( 26 lb ) − M =0
M = 312 lb ⋅ in.
FBD half-section:
W
By symmetry, Ay = B y =
2
Where W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N
FBD AJ:
ΣFx = 0: F = 0 F =0
W W
ΣFy = 0: − −V = 0 V =0
2 2
W
ΣM J = 0: M − ( r − x ) =0
2
2r  2 W
but x= , so M = 1 −  r = 2.406 N ⋅ m
π  π 2
M = 2.41 N ⋅ m
Note: Cut is just left of contact with ground.

FBD AJ:
Also W = ( 9 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 88.29 N
2r
x= and r = 0.15 m
π
ΣFx = 0: F =0 F=0
W
ΣFy = 0: − +V =0 V = 44.1 N
2
W
ΣM J = 0: x −M =0
2
2 88.29 N 
M = ( 0.15 m )   M = 4.22 N ⋅ m
π  2 
SOLUTION
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: (
r By − 12 lb = 0 ) B y = 12 lb
FBD sect. BJ:

ΣFy′ = 0: (12 lb ) cos 30° − (12 lb ) sin 30° − F = 0
F = 4.39 lb 60°
ΣFx′ = 0: (12 lb ) cos 30° + (12 lb ) sin 30° − V =0
V = 16.39 lb 30°
ΣM J = 0: ( 4 in.) sin 30° (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 − cos 30° )(12 lb ) − M =0
M = 30.4 lb ⋅ in.
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: (
r By − 12 lb = 0 ) B y = 12 lb
ΣΜ J = 0: ( 4 in.) sin θ (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 − cosθ )(12 lb ) − M =0
M = ( 48 lb ⋅ in.)(1 − cosθ + sin θ ) (1)

FBD BJ:
dM
(a) to maximize M, set =0
dθ
dM
= ( 48 lb ⋅ in.)( sin θ + cosθ ) = 0
dθ
so tan θ = −1
θ = − 45°, 135°
(only θ = 135° is on ring) θ = 135°
(b) ΣFy′ = 0: F + (12 lb ) cosθ − (12 lb ) sin θ = 0 θ = 135°, so
F = 16.97 lb@135° F = 16.97 lb 45°
ΣFx′ = 0: (12 lb ) cosθ + (12 lb ) sin θ −V = 0 θ = 135°, V = 0
From (1) above, M = ( 48 lb ⋅ in.)(1 − cos135° + sin135° ) = 115.88 lb ⋅ in.
M = 115.9 lb ⋅ in.
FBD Frame: 24
ΣM A = 0: (16.4 in.) FEC − (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
25
FEC = 93.75 lb
ΣΜ C = 0: (16.2 in.)(120 lb ) − (13.5 in.) By =0

FBD CBD:
By = 144 lb
7
ΣFy = 0: 144 lb + ( 93.75 lb ) − 120 lb − C y = 0
25
C y = 50.25 lb
24
ΣFx = 0: Cx − ( 93.75 lb ) = 0
27
C x = 90.0 lb
FBD CJ: ΣFy′ = 0: F + ( 50.25 lb ) cos30° − ( 90.0 lb ) sin 30° = 0
F = 1.482 lb 60°
ΣFx′ = 0: V − ( 90 lb ) cos 30° + ( 50.25 lb ) sin 30° = 0
V = 103.1 lb 30°
ΣM O = 0: (8.4 in.)( 50.25 lb + 1.482 lb ) − M =0
M = 435 lb ⋅ in.
24
FBD Frame: ΣM A = 0: (16.4 in.) FEC − (12.6 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
25
FEC = 93.75 lb
FBD CBD:
ΣM C = 0: (16.2 in.)(120 lb ) − (13.5 in.) By =0
B y = 144 lb
FBD DK:
ΣFx′ = 0: (144 lb − 120 lb ) sin 30° − F = 0

F = 12.00 lb 30°
ΣFy′ = 0: (144 lb − 120 lb ) cos 30° − V =0
V = 20.8 lb 60°
ΣΜ O = 0: (8.4 in.)(12 lb − 144 lb ) + (11.1 in.)(120 lb ) − M =0
M = 223 lb ⋅ in.
FBD AB:
ΣΜ B = 0: ( 0.8 m )(1.8 kN ) − ( 0.24 m ) Ax = 0
A x = 6.0 kN
Geometry:
2
y = kx 2 ; at B, 0.24 m = k ( 0.8 m )
1
so k = 0.375
m
 1 2
at J , y J =  0.375  ( 0.48 m ) = 0.0864 m
 m
dy
slope of parabola = 2kx
dx
dy  1
at J , = 2  0.375  ( 0.48 m ) = 0.36 = tan θ J
dx  m
θ J = 19.799°
FBD AJ:
ΣFx′ = 0: ( 6 kN ) cos19.799° − (1.8 kN ) sin19.799° − F = 0
F = 6.26 kN 19.80°
ΣFy′ = 0: ( 6 kN ) sin19.799° − (1.8 kN ) cos19.799° − V =0
V = 0.3387 kN V = 339 N 70.2°
ΣM J = 0: ( 0.48 m )(1.8 kN ) − ( 0.0864 m )( 6 kN ) − M =0
M = 0.3456 kN ⋅ m M = 346 N ⋅ m
L
FBD AB: ΣΜ B = 0: LP − hAx = 0, Ax = P
h
Geometry:
h hx 2
y = kx 2 , at B: h = kL2 , so k = , y =
L2 L2
ha 2
at J: y J = ka 2 =
L2
dy 2ha
slope = = 2kx, at J : slope = 2
= tan −1 θ J
dx L
ha 2 LP
ΣM J = 0: aP − −M =0
FBD AJ: L2 h
 a2 
M = P  a − 
 L 
dM
To maximize set =0
da
 a L
or P 1 − 2  = 0, a=
 L 2
 2
L 
   
L 2 PL
Then M max = P −    =
2 L  4
 
 
PL
M max =
4
L
at a =
2
FBD Frame with pulley and cord:

ΣΜ Α = 0: (1.8 m ) Bx − ( 2.6 m )( 360 N ) − ( 0.2 m )( 360 N ) = 0
B x = 560 N
Note: Cord forces have been moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91.
FBD BE:
ΣΜ Ε = 0: (1.4 m )( 360 N ) + (1.8 m )( 560 N ) − ( 2.4 m ) By =0
By = 630 N
3 4
FBD BJ: ΣFx′ = 0: F + 360 N − ( 630 N − 360 N ) − ( 560 N ) = 0
5 5
F = 250 N 36.9°
4 3
ΣFy′ = 0: V + ( 630 N − 360 N ) − ( 560 N ) = 0
5 5
V = 120.0 N 53.1°
ΣM J = 0: M + ( 0.6 m )( 360 N ) + (1.2 m )( 560 N )
− (1.6 m )( 630 N ) = 0
M = 120.0 N ⋅ m
FBD Frame with pulleys and cord:
ΣM B = 0: (1.8 m ) Ax − ( 2.0 m )( 360 N ) − ( 2.6 m )( 360 N ) = 0

A x = 920 N
FBD AE:
Note: Cord forces have been moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91.
ΣM E = 0: ( 2.4 m ) Ay − (1.8 m )( 360 N ) = 0

A y = 270 N
FBD AK:
ΣFx = 0: 920 N − 360 N − F = 0
F = 560 N
ΣFy = 0: − 270 N + 360 N − V = 0
V = 90.0 N
ΣM K = 0: (1.6 m )( 270 N ) − (1.0 m )( 360 N ) − M =0
M = 72.0 N ⋅ m
FBD Frame: ΣM A = 0: (1 m ) Dy − ( 2.675 m )( 360 N ) = 0

D y = 963 N
FBD DEF: ΣM F = 0: (1 m )( 963 N ) − ( 2.4 m ) Dx − ( 0.125 m )( 360 N ) = 0

D x = 3825 N
FBD DJ:
12 5
ΣFy′ = 0: F− ( 963 N ) − ( 382.5 N ) = 0
13 13
F = 1036 N F = 1.036 kN 67.4°
5 12
ΣFx′ = 0: ( 963 N ) − ( 382.5 N ) − V = 0
13 13
V = 17.31 N 22.6°
ΣM J = 0: ( 0.5 m )( 963 N ) − (1.2 m )( 382.5 N ) − M =0
M = 22.5 N ⋅ m
FBD AC: Note: Cord forces moved to pulley hub as per Problem 6.91.
To determine θ the coordinates of C are
4
xC = 2.55 m, yC = ( 2.55 m ) = 3.40 m, and
3
xG = 0, yG = 3.75 m
3.75 m − 3.40 m
∴ θ = tan −1 = 7.8153°
2.55 m
ΣM A = 0: ( 3.75 m ) ( 360 N ) cos 7.8153°

− ( 2.55 m )( 360 N ) − ( 3 m ) FBG =0
FBG = 139.820 N
( 360 N ) − ( 360 N ) cos  7.8153° + tan −1  = 0

4 4
FBD KC: ΣFy′ = 0: F−
5  3
F = 462.8 N F = 463 N 53.1°
3
ΣFx′ = 0: − V + 139.820 N + ( 360 N )
5
 4
− ( 360 N ) sin  7.8153° + tan −1  = 0
 3
V = 41.1 N 36.9°
4
ΣM K = 0: − M − (1.5 m )(139.820 N ) − ( 2.75 m )( 360 N )
5
 4
+ ( 2.75 m )( 360 N ) sin  7.8153° + tan −1  = 0
 3
M = 61.7 N ⋅ m
FBD Frame and pipe:
W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb
ΣM A = ( 24 in.) Cx − (12.6 in.)185 lb = 0
C x = 97.125 lb
FBD pipe:
By symmetry N E = N D = N
 21 
ΣFy = 0: 2  N  − 185 N = 0, N = 127.738 lb
 29 
 20  20 8
Also note a = r tan  tan −1  = ( 2.8 in.) = in.
 21  21 3
FBD BC:
8 
ΣM B = 0:  in.  (127.735 lb ) + (12 in.)( 97.125 lb )
3 
− (12.6 in.) C y = 0
C y = 119.534 lb
21 20
ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 97.125 lb ) − (119.534 lb ) = 0
FBD CJ: 29 29
F = 152.8 lb 46.4°
20 21
ΣFy′ = 0: −V − ( 97.125 lb ) + (119.534 lb ) = 0
29 29
V = 19.58 lb 44.6°
ΣM C = 0: M − ( 8.7 in.)(19.58 lb ) = 0
M = 170.3 lb ⋅ in.
W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb

FBD Frame:
ΣM C = 0: ( 24 in.) Ax − (12.6 in.)(185 lb ) = 0
A x = 97.125 lb
FBD Pipe By symmetry N E = N D

 21 
ΣFy = 0: 2  N D  − 185 lb = 0, N D = 127.738 lb
 29 
 20   20  8
Also note a = r tan  tan −1  = ( 2.8 in.)   = in.
 21   21  3
FBD AD:
ΣM B = 0: (12.6 in.)( 97.125 lb ) − (12.6 in.) Ay
8 
−  in.  (127.738 lb ) = 0
3 
A y = 65.465 lb
21 20
FBD AK:
ΣFx′ = 0: ( 97.125 lb ) + ( 65.465 lb ) − F = 0
29 29
F = 115.5 lb 44.6°
20 21
ΣFy′ = 0: ( 97.125 lb ) − ( 65.465 lb ) + V = 0
29 29
V = 19.58 lb 46.4°
ΣM A = 0: M − ( 8.7 in.)(19.58 lb ) = 0
M = 170.3 lb ⋅ in.
(a) FBD Rod: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
P
ΣM D = 0: aP − 2aAy = 0 Ay =
2
FBD AJ: ΣFx = 0: V = 0
P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
2
P
F=
2
ΣM J = 0: M = 0
(b) FBD Rod:

ΣM A = 0
4  3  5P
2a  D  + 2a  D  − aP = 0 D=
5  5  14
4 5 2P
ΣFx = 0: Ax − P=0 Ax =
5 14 7
3 5 11P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P + P=0 Ay =
5 14 14
continued
2
ΣFx = 0: P −V = 0
7
FBD AJ:
2P
V =
7
11P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
14
11P
F=
14
2P
ΣM J = 0: a −M =0
7
2
M = aP
7
(c) FBD Rod: a  4D  5P

ΣM A = 0:   − aP = 0 D=
2 5  2
4 5P
ΣFx = 0: Ax − =0 Ax = 2 P
5 2
3 5P 5P
ΣFy = 0: Ay − P − =0 Ay =
5 2 2
ΣFx = 0: 2P − V = 0
FBD AJ:
V = 2P
5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
2
5P
F=
2
ΣM J = 0: a ( 2P ) − M = 0
M = 2aP
(a) FBD Rod: ΣM D = 0: aP − 2aA = 0
P
A=
2
P
ΣFx = 0: V − =0
2
P
V =
2
ΣFy = 0: F =0
FBD AJ:
P
ΣM J = 0: M −a =0
2
aP
M =
2
a4 
(b) FBD Rod: ΣM D = 0: aP −  A = 0
25 
5P
A=
2
continued
3 5P
ΣFx = 0: −V = 0
FBD AJ: 5 2
3P
V =
2
4 5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
5 2
F = 2P
3
M = aP
2
3  4 
ΣM D = 0: aP − 2a  A  − 2a  A  = 0
(c) FBD Rod:  5  5 
5P
A=
14
 3 5P 
ΣFx = 0: V − =0
 5 14 
3P
V =
14
4 5P
ΣFy = 0: −F =0
5 14
2P
F=
7
 3 5P 
ΣM J = 0: M − a =0
 5 14 
3
M = aP
14
 2r   2
FBD Rod: ΣM A = 0: rB −  r − W =0 B = 1 − W
 π   π
φ 60°
FBD JB: r sin r sin
Note: r = 2 = 2 = 3r
φ π π
30°
2 180°
3r 1 3r r  3
x= − =  3− 
2 2π 2 π
r 2 r 3  2 
ΣM J = 0: M + 1 −  W −  3 −  W  = 0
2 π 2 π  3 
M = 0.774Wr
on BK
 1   2r 
FBD Rod: ΣM A = 0: 2r  B − r − W =0
 2   π 
1 1
B = 2  − W
2 π 
FBD JB:
 60° 
r sin  
r =  2  = 3r x = r sin 60° − r sin 30°
π π
30°
180°
1 3
x=  3 − r
2 π
21 1
ΣM J = 0:  r sin 60° + r (1 − cos 60° )  2  2 − π W
 
1 3  2W
−  3 − r −M =0
2 π 3
M = − 0.01085Wr M = 0.01085Wr
FBD Rod:
ΣFy = 0: Ay − W = 0
Ay = W
2r
ΣM B = 0: r ( Ax − W ) + W =0
π
 2
A x = 1 − W
 π
FBD AJ: θ 2θ
W′ = W = W
π π
2
θ
sin
r =r 2 = 2r sin θ
θ θ 2
2
 2
ΣM J = 0: r sin θ 1 − W − r (1 − cosθ )W
 π
 2r θ θ  2θ
+  sin  cos − r cosθ  W −M =0
 θ 2  2  π
 2θ 
M = Wr  sin θ − 1 + cosθ − cosθ 
 π 
dM  2 2θ 
For Mmax, = Wr  cosθ − sin θ − cosθ + sin θ  = 0
dθ  π π 
π −2
or tan θ =
π − 2θ
Solving numerically: θ = 0.48338 rod = 27.7°
M max = 0.0777Wr
FBD Rod:  2 1 1
ΣM A = 0: 2 rB − r 1 − W = 0 B = 2  − W
 π 2 π 
1 1 1 1 1
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 2  − W = 0 A x =  − W
2  2 π  2 π 
1 1 1 1 1
ΣFy = 0: Ay − W + 2  − W = 0 A y =  + W
2 2 π  2 π 
FBD AJ: θ 2θ
W′ = W = W
π π
2
2r θ
r = sin
θ 2
1 1 1 1
ΣM J = 0: M + r sin θ  − W − r (1 − cosθ )  +  W
 2 π  2 π 
 2r θ θ   2θ 
+  sin cos  − r cosθ   W  = 0
 θ 2 2   π 
 1 1  2θ 
M = Wr  +  (1 − sin θ − cosθ ) + cosθ 
 2 π  π 
For M max ,
dM  1 1  2 2θ 
= Wr  +  ( − cosθ + sin θ ) + cosθ − sin θ  = 0
dθ  2 π  π π 
π −2
or tan θ =
π + 2 − 4θ
Solving numerically θ = 0.27539 rad = θ1
or θ = 1.16164 rad = θ 2
M (θ1 ) = − 0.0230Wr , M (θ 2 ) = 0.0362Wr
so M max = 0.0362Wr
at θ = θ 2 = 66.6°
180° − 60° π
Note: α = = 60° =
2 3
r 3r 3 3 3
r = sin α = = r
α π 2 2π
120 4
Weight of section = W = W
270 9
4 2 3
ΣFy′ = 0: F− W cos30° = 0 F = W
9 9
4W
ΣM O = 0: rF − ( r sin 60° ) −M =0
9
2 3 3 3 3 4 2 3 1 
M = r − W =  −  Wr
 9 2π 2 9   9 π 
M = 0.0666Wr
FBD Rod: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
2r W 2r 2W
ΣM B = 0: rAy + − =0
π 3 π 3
2W
Ay =
3π
60° π
FBD AJ: Note: α = = 30° =
2 6
60 2W
Weight of segment = W =
270 9
r r 3r
F = sin α = sin 30° =
α π /6 π
2W 2W
ΣM J = 0: ( r cosα − r sin 30° ) + ( r − r sin 30° ) −M =0
9 3π
2W  3r 3 r 3r   3 1 1 
M =  − +  = Wr  − + 
9 π 2 2 2π   3π 9 3π 
M = 0.1788Wr
(a) FBD Beam: ΣM C = 0: LAy − M 0 = 0
M0
Ay =
L
M0
ΣFy = 0: − Ay + C = 0 C=
L
Along AB:
M0 M0
ΣFy = 0: − −V = 0 V =−
L L
M0 M0
ΣM J = 0: x +M =0 M =− x
L L
M0
straight with M = − at B
2
Along BC:
M0 M0
ΣFy = 0: − −V = 0 V =−
L L
M0  x
ΣM K = 0: M +x − M0 = 0 M = M 0 1 − 
L  L 
M0
straight with M = at B M = 0 at C
2
(b) From diagrams: M0
V max
= everywhere
L
M0
M max
= at B
2
FBD Beam: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0, by symmetry Ay = By = P

(a) Along AB: ΣFy = 0: P −V = 0
V = P
ΣM J = 0: M − xP = 0
M = Px
Along BC:
ΣFy = 0: P − P −V = 0
V =0
ΣM K = 0: M − xP + ( x − a ) P = 0
M = Pa
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: P − P − P −V = 0
V = −P
ΣM L = 0: M − xP + ( x − a ) P
+ ( x − L + a) P = 0
M = P ( L − x)
Note: Symmetry in M diag. follows symmetry of FBD

(b) V max
= P along AB and CD
M max
= Pa along BC
FBD Section:
1  x
ΣFy = 0: − V − x  w0  = 0
2  L
1 w0 2
(a) V =− x
2 L
1
V ( L ) = − w0 L
2
1 1  x 
ΣM J = 0: M + x  x  w0   = 0
3  2  L 
1 w0 3
M =− x
6 L
1
M ( L) = − w0 L2
6
1
(b) V max
= w0 L at B
2
1
M max
= w0 L2 at B
6
(a) FBD Beam: ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0

ΣM B = 0: aP + 2aC − 3.5aP = 0
C = 1.25P
ΣFy = 0: − P + By + 1.25P − P = 0
By = 0.75P
Along AB:
ΣFy = 0: −P − V = 0 V = −P
ΣM J = 0: M + xP = 0 M = − Px
Along BC:
ΣFy = 0: − P + 0.75P − V = 0 V = − 0.25P

ΣM K = 0: M + xP − ( x − a )( 0.75P ) = 0
M = − 0.75Pa − 0.25Px M ( 3a ) = −1.5Pa
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: V −P=0 V =P
ΣM L = 0: − M − x1 P = 0 M = − Px1
M (1.5a ) = −1.5Pa
V max
= P along AB and CD
(b)
M max
= 1.5Pa at C
ΣFx = 0: Cx = 0
(a) FBD Beam:
ΣM C = 0: ( 3.6 ft )(1 kip ) − ( 3 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 6 ft )( 2 kips )
− ( 9.6 ft ) B = 0
B = 0.375 kip
ΣFy = 0: −1 kip + C y − 4 kips + 2 kips − 0.375 kip = 0
C y = 3.375 kips
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: −1 kip − V = 0
V = −1 kip
ΣM J = 0: M + x (1 kip ) = 0
M = − (1 kip ) x
M ( 3.6 ft ) = 3.6 kip ⋅ ft
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: −1 kip + 3.375 kips − V = 0
V = 2.375 kips
ΣM K = 0: M + x (1 kip ) − ( x − 3.6 ft )( 3.375 kips ) = 0
M = −12.15 kip ⋅ ft + ( 2.375 kips ) x
M ( 6.6 ft ) = 3.525 kip ⋅ ft
continued
Along EB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 0.375 kips = 0
V = 0.375 kips
ΣM L = 0: − M − x1 ( 0.375 kips ) = 0
M = − ( 0.375 kips ) x1
M ( 3.6 ft ) = −1.35 kip ⋅ ft
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: V + 2 kips − 0.375 kips = 0
V = −1.625 kips
Also M is linear
V = 2.38 kips along CD

(b) max
M max
= 3.60 kips at C
(a) FBD Beam:

ΣM B = 0:
(.6 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 5.1 ft )(8 kips ) + ( 7.8 ft )(10 kips ) − ( 9.6 ft ) Ay =0
A y = 12.625 kips
ΣFy = 0: 12.625 kips − 10 kips − 8 kips − 4 kips + B = 0
B = 9.375 kips
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: 12.625 kips − V = 0
V = 12.625 kips
ΣM J = 0: M − x (12.625 kips ) = 0
M = (12.625 kips ) x
M = 22.725 kip ⋅ ft at C
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: 12.625 kips − 10 kips − V = 0
V = 2.625 kips
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 1.8 ft )(10 kips ) − x (12.625 kips ) = 0
M = 18 kip ⋅ ft + ( 2.625 kips ) x
M = 29.8125 kip ⋅ ft at D ( x = 4.5 ft )
continued
Along DE: ΣFy = 0: (12.625 − 10 − 8) kips − V =0 V = −5.375 kips
ΣM L = 0: M + x1 ( 8 kips ) + ( 2.7 ft + x1 )(10 kips )
− ( 4.5 ft + x1 )(12.625 kips ) = 0
M = 29.8125 kip ⋅ ft − ( 5.375 kips ) x1
M = 5.625 kip ⋅ ft at E ( x1 = 4.5 ft )
Along EB:
ΣFy = 0: V + 9.375 kips = 0 V = 9.375 kips
ΣM N = 0: x2 ( 9.375 kip ) − M = 0
M = ( 9.375 kips ) x2
M = 5.625 kip ⋅ ft at E
From diagrams: V max

= 12.63 kips on AC
(b)
M max
= 29.8 kip ⋅ ft at D
(a) FBD Beam: ΣM E = 0:
(1.1 m )( 540 N ) − ( 0.9 m ) C y + ( 0.4 m )(1350 N ) − ( 0.3 m )( 540 N ) = 0

C y = 1080 N
ΣFy = 0: − 540 N + 1080 N − 1350 N
−540 N + E y = 0 E y = 1350 N
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: − 540 N − V = 0
V = −540 N
ΣM J = 0: x ( 540 N ) + M = 0 M = − ( 540 N ) x
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: − 540 N + 1080 N − V = 0 V = 540 N
ΣM K = 0: M + ( 0.2 m + x1 )( 540 N ) − x1 (1080 N ) = 0
M = −108 N ⋅ m + ( 540 N ) x1
M = 162 N ⋅ m at D ( x1 = 0.5 m )
continued
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: V + 1350 N − 540 N = 0 V = −810 N
ΣM N = 0: M + ( x3 + 0.3 m ) ( 540 N ) − x3 (1350 N ) = 0
M = −162 N ⋅ m + ( 810 N ) x3
M = 162 N ⋅ m at D ( x3 = 0.4 )
Along EB:
(b) ΣFy = 0: V − 540 N = 0 V = 540 N
ΣM L = 0: M + x2 ( 540 N ) = 0 M = −540 N x2
M = −162 N ⋅ m at E ( x2 = 0.3 m )
From diagrams V max

= 810 N on DE
M max
= 162.0 N ⋅ m at D and E
(a) FBD Beam:

a =1m ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0
ΣFy = 0: − 1.5 kN + 2 kN − 4 kN + 5 kN − By = 0
By = 1.5 kN
ΣM B = 0: a  4 (1.5 kN ) − 3 ( 2 kN ) + 2 ( 4 kN ) − 1( 5 kN )  − M B = 0
Along AC: M B = ( 3 kN ) a = 3 kN ⋅ m
ΣFy = 0: −1.5 kN − V = 0 V = −1.5 kN
ΣM J = 0: M − x (1.5 kN ) = 0 M = − (1.5 kN ) x
Along CD: M (1 m ) = −1.5 kN ⋅ m
ΣFy = 0: −1.5 kN + 2 kN − V = 0 V = 0.5 kN
ΣM K = 0: M + x (1.5 kN ) − ( x − 1 m )( 2 kN ) = 0
M = − 2 kN ⋅ m + ( 0.5 kN ) x M ( 2 m ) = −1 kN ⋅ m
continued
Along EB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 1.5 kN = 0 V = 1.5 kN
ΣM L = 0: − M − x1 (1.5 kN ) − 3 kN ⋅ m = 0
M = − 3 kN ⋅ m − (1.5 kN ) x1, M (1 m ) = − 4.5 kN ⋅ m

Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: V + 5 kN − 1.5 kN = 0 V = − 3.5 kN

Also M is linear here
V max
= 3.50 kN along DE
(b)
M max
= 4.50 kN ⋅ m at E
(a) FBD Beam:

ΣM A = 0: − (1.3 m ) (1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m )  − (1.6 m )( 4 kN ) + ( 4 m ) B = 0
B = 3.121 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − (1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m ) − 4 kN + 3.121 kN = 0
A y = 5.559 kN
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: 5.559 kN − (1.8 kN/m ) x − V = 0
V = 5.559 kN − (1.8 kN/m ) x

x
ΣM J = 0: M + (1.8 km ) x  − x ( 5.559 kN ) = 0
2
M = ( 5.559 kN ) x − ( 0.9 kN/m ) x 2
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: 5.559 kN − x (1.8 kN/m ) − 4 kN − V = 0
V = (1.559 kN ) − (1.8 kN/m ) x

x
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 1.6 m )( 4 kN ) + (1.8 kN/m ) x  − x ( 5.559 kN ) = 0
2
M = 6.4 kN ⋅ m + (1.559 kN ) x − ( 0.9 kN/m ) x 2
continued
Along DB:
ΣFy = 0: V + 3.121 kN = 0
V = − 3.121 kN
ΣM L = 0: − M + x1 ( 3.121 kN ) = 0 M = ( 3.121 kN ) x1
(b)
V max
= 5.56 kN at A
M max
= 6.59 kN ⋅ m at C
(a) FBD Beam: ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0

ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 2 m )( 24 kN/m ) − 48 kN − 8 kN = 0
A y = 8 kN
ΣM A = 0: M A + (1 m )( 2 m )( 24 kN/m ) − ( 3.5 m )( 48 kN )
− ( 2 m )( 8 kN ) = 0, M A = 152 kN ⋅ m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: 8 kN + x ( 24 kN ⋅ m ) − V = 0
V = 8 kN + ( 24 kN/m ) x
x
ΣM J = 0: M + 152 kN ⋅ m − x ( 8 kN ) − ( 24 kN/m ) x = 0
2
M = (12 kN/m ) x 2 + ( 8 kN ) x − 152 kN ⋅ m
Along DB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 8 kN = 0
V = 8 kN
ΣM K = 0: M + x1 ( 8 kN ) = 0, M = − ( 8 kN ) x1
continued
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: V − 48 kN − 8 kN = 0, V = 56 kN
ΣM L = 0: M + ( x1 − 0.5 m )( 48 kN ) + x1 ( 8 kN ) = 0
M = 24 kN ⋅ m − ( 56 kN ) x1
V = 56.0 kN along CD
(b) max
M max
= 152.0 kN ⋅ m at A
(a) FBD Beam: by symmetry, Cx = 0, and

1
C y = Gy =  2 (12 lb/in )(10 in ) + 2 (100 lb ) + (150 lb ) 
2
C y = G y = 295 lb
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: − (12 lb/in.) x − V = 0
 lb 
V = − 12 x
 in. 
x  lb 
ΣM J = 0: M + (12 lb/in.) x = 0, M = −  6  x2
2  in. 
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: − (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) + 295 lb − V = 0
V = 175 lb
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 5 in.)(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) − ( x − 10 in.)( 295 lb ) = 0
M = − 2350 lb ⋅ in. + (175 lb ) x
continued
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: − (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) + 295lb − 100 lb − V = 0, V = 75 lb
ΣM N = 0: M + ( x − 16 in.)(100 lb ) − ( x − 10 in.)( 295 lb )
+ ( x − 5 in.)(12 lb/in.)(10 in.) = 0
M = − 750 lb ⋅ in + ( 75 lb ) x
Complete diagrams using symmetry.
V max
= 175.0 lb along CD and FG
(b)
M max
= 900 lb ⋅ in. at E
(a) FBD Beam: ΣM D = 0: ( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) − ( 7.5 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft )

− (12 ft ) Fy + (15 ft )( 33 kips ) = 0
Fy = 33 kips
ΣFy = 0: − (1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) + Dy − ( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) − 33 kips + 33 kips = 0
D y = 24 kips
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: − (1 kip/ft ) x − V = 0, V = − (1 kip/ft ) x
x 1 
ΣM J = 0: M + (1 kip ⋅ ft ) x = 0, M = −  kip/ft  x 2
2 2 
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: − (1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) − V = 0, V = − 6 kips
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 3 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) = 0
M = 18 kip ⋅ ft − ( 6 kips ) x
continued
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: − 6 kips + 24 kips − V = 0, V = 18 kips
ΣM L = 0: ( x − 3 ft )( 6 kips ) − ( x − 9 ft )( 24 kips ) + M =0
M = −198 kip ⋅ ft + (18 kips ) x

Along FB:
ΣFy = 0: V + 33 kips = 0, V = − 33 kips
ΣM N = 0: x1 ( 33 kips ) − M = 0, M = ( 33 kips ) x1
Along EF:
ΣFy = 0: V − ( 2 kips/ft ) x2 − 33 kips + 33 kips = 0
V = ( 2 kips/ft ) x2
x2
ΣM O = 0: M + ( 2 kips/ft ) x2 − ( 3 ft ) ( 33 kips ) = 0
2
M = 99 kip ⋅ ft − (1 kip/ft ) x22
V max
= 33.0 kips along FB
M = 99.0 kip ⋅ ft at F
(b) max
(a) FBD Beam:

ΣFy = 0: ( 4 m )( w) − ( 2 m )(12 kN/m ) = 0
w = 6 kN/m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: − x ( 6 kN/m ) − V = 0, V = − ( 6 kN/m ) x
V = −6 kN at C ( x = 1 m )
x
ΣM J = 0: M + ( 6 kN/m )( x ) = 0
2
M = − ( 3 kN/m ) x 2 M = −3 kN ⋅ m at C
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: − (1 m )( 6 kN/m ) + x1 ( 6 kN/m ) − V = 0
V = ( 6 kN/m )(1 m − x1 ) , V = 0 at x1 = 1 m
x1
ΣM K = 0: M + ( 0.5 m + x1 )( 6 kN/m )(1 m ) − ( 6 kN/m ) x1 = 0
2
M = −3 kN ⋅ m − ( 6 kN ) x1 + ( 3 kN/m ) x12
M = −6 kN ⋅ m at center ( x1 = 1 m )
Finish by symmetry.
(b) From diagrams: V max
= 6.00 kN at C and D
M max
= 6.00 kN at center
(a) FBD Beam: ΣFy = 0: (12 m ) w − ( 6 m )( 3 kN/m ) = 0
w = 1.5 kN/m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: x (1.5 kN/m ) − V = 0, V = (1.5 kN/m ) x
V = 4.5 kN at C
x
ΣM J = 0: M − (1.5 kN/m )( x ) = 0
2
M = ( 0.75 kN/m ) x 2 , M = 6.75 N ⋅ m at C
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: x (1.5 kN/m ) − ( x − 3 m )( 3 kN/m ) − V = 0
V = 9 kN − (1.5 kN/m ) x, V = 0 at x = 6 m
 x − 3m x
ΣM K = 0: M +  ( 3 kN/m )( x − 3 m ) − (1.5 kN/m ) x = 0
 2  2
M = −13.5 kN ⋅ m + ( 9 kN ) x − ( 0.75 kN/m ) x 2
M = 13.5 kN ⋅ m at center ( x = 6 m)
Finish by symmetry.
M max
= 13.50 kN ⋅ m at center
(a) FBD Beam: ΣFy = 0: (8 m ) w − 2 ( 6 kN ) − ( 4 m )( 5 kN/m ) = 0

w = 4 kN/m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: ( 4 kN/m ) x − V =0
V = ( 4 kN/m ) x
x
ΣM J = 0: M − ( 4 kN/m ) x = 0, M = ( 2 kN/m ) x 2
2
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: ( 4 kN/m ) x − 6 kN − V =0
V = ( 4 kN/m ) x − 6 kN
x
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 1 m )( 6 kN ) − ( 4 kN/m ) x = 0
2
M = ( 2 kN/m ) x 2 − ( 6 kN ) x + 6 kN ⋅ m
Note: V = 0 at x = 1.5 m where M = 1.5 kN/m
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: ( 4 kN/m )( 2 m ) − 6 kN − (1 kN/m )( x − 2 m ) − V =0

V = 4 kN − (1 kN/m ) x
 x − 2 m
ΣM L = 0: M +   (1 kN/m )( x − 2 m ) + ( x − 1 m ) 6 kN
 2 
− ( x − 1 m )( 4 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0
continued
1 
M = −  kN/m  x 2 + ( 4 kN ) x − 4 kN ⋅ m
 2 
Note: V = 0 at x = 4 m, where M = 4 kN ⋅ m
(b) V max
= 4 kN at C and F
M max
= 4 kN ⋅ m at center
(a) FBD Beam: ΣFy = 0: w (1.5 m ) − 2 ( 3.6 kN ) = 0
w = 4.8 kN/m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: ( 4.8 kN/m ) x − V = 0, V = ( 4.8 kN/m ) x
x
ΣM J = 0: M − ( 4.8 kN/m ) x = 0, M = ( 2.4 kN/m ) x 2
2
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: ( 4.8 kN/m ) x − 3.6 kN − V =0
V = ( 4.8 kN/m ) x − 3.6 kN
x
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 0.3 m )( 3.6 kN ) − ( 4.8 kN/m ) x = 0
2
M = 1.08 kN ⋅ m − ( 3.6 kN ) x + ( 2.4 kN/m ) x 2
Note: V = 0 at x = 0.75 m, where M = − 0.27 kN ⋅ m

V max
M max
= 270 N ⋅ m at center
(b)
FBD CE: ΣFx = 0: Cy = 0
ΣFy = 0: C y − 4 kN = 0 C y = 4 kN
ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 0.5 m )( 4 kN ) = 0
M C = 2 kN ⋅ m
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
Beam AB:
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 4 kN − 2 kN − 1 kΝ = 0 Ay = 7 kN
ΣM A = 0: M A − 2 kN ⋅ m − ( 0.5 m )( 4 kN ) − (1 m )( 2 kN )
− (1.5 m )(1 kN ) = 0, M A = 7.5 kN ⋅ m
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: 7 kN − V = 0
V = 7 kN
ΣM J = 0: M + 7.5 kN ⋅ m − x ( 7 kN ) = 0
M = ( 7 kN ) x − 7.5 kN ⋅ m
Along DB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 1 kN = 0
V = 1 kN
ΣM K = 0: − M + x1 (1 kN ) = 0
M = (1 kN ) x1
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: V − 2 kN − 1 kN = 0 V = 3 kN
ΣM M = 0: M + ( x1 − 0.5 m )( 2 kN ) + x1 (1 kN ) = 0
M = 1 kN ⋅ m − ( 3 kN ) x1
Note: M exhibits a discontinuity at C, equal to 2 kN ⋅ m, the value of MC.
From the diagrams, V max
= 7.00 kN along AC
M max
= 7.50 kN at A
ΣFx = 0: Cx , Dx = 0
FBD CE or DF:
ΣFy = 0: C y − 750 N = 0, C y = 750 N
Dy = 750 N
ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 0.3 m )( 750 N ) = 0
M C = 225 N ⋅ m = M D
Beam AB: ΣM A = 0: ( 0.9 m ) Dy − 2 ( 225 N ⋅ m ) − ( 0.3 m )( 750 N )
− ( 0.9 m )( 750 N ) − (1.2 m )( 540 N ) = 0

Dy = 2220 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2 ( 750 N ) − 540 N + 2220 N = 0
Ay = −180 N A y = 180 N
Along AC: ΣFy = 0: −180 N − V = 0
V = −180 N
ΣM J = 0: M + x (180 N ) = 0 M = (180 N ) x
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: −180 N − 750 N − V = 0, V = − 930 N
ΣM K = 0: M − 225 N ⋅ m + ( x − 0.3 m )( 750 N ) + x (180 N ) = 0
M = 450 N ⋅ m − ( 930 N ) x
Along DB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 540 N = 0
V = 540 N
ΣM N = 0: M + x1 ( 540 N ) = 0 M = − ( 540 N ) x1
Note: The discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal 225 N ⋅ m, M C and M D

From the diagrams V max
= 930 N along CD
M max
= 387 N ⋅ m at D
FBD Angle: ΣFy = 0: T − Cy = 0 Cy = T
ΣM C = 0: ( 0.3 ft ) T − M C = 0, M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
By symmetry, Dy = T , M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T
ΣFy = 0: 2T − 810 lb − (100 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0

T = 855 lb.
(a)
From above M C = M D = ( 0.3 ft )( 855 lb ) = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
Beam AB:
Along AC: ΣFy = 0: − x (100 lb/ft ) − V = 0
V = − (100 lb/ft ) x
x
ΣM J = 0: M + (100 lb/ft ) x = 0, M = − ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
2
Along CI: M C = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
ΣFy = 0: − (100 lb/ft ) x + 855 lb − V = 0
V = 855 lb − (100 lb/ft ) x

x
ΣM K = 0: M − 256.5 lb ⋅ ft + (100 lb/ft ) x
2
− ( x − 3.6 ft )( 855 lb ) = 0
M = − ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2 + ( 855 lb ) x − 2821.5 lb ⋅ ft

Complete diagrams using symmetry
Note: Discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal M C and M D
(b)
V max
= 495 lb at C and D
M max
= 648 lb ⋅ ft at C and D
FBD Angle: ΣFy = 0: T − C y = 0 Cy = T

ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 0.3 ft ) T = 0, M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
By symmetry, Dy = T and M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T
ΣFy = 0: 2T − (100 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) − 810 lb = 0 T = 855 lb

(a)
Beam AB: From above, M C = M D = ( 0.3 ft )( 855 lb ) = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
Along AC: ΣFy = 0: − (100 lb/ft ) x − V = 0
V = − (100 lb/ft ) x
x
ΣM J = 0: M + (100 lb/ft ) x = 0 M = ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
2
Along CI: M C = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
ΣFy = 0: 855 lb − (100 lb/ft ) x − V = 0
V = 855 lb − (100 lb/ft ) x

x
ΣM K = 0: M − 256.5 lb ⋅ ft + (100 lb/ft ) x
2
− ( x − 2.7 ft )( 855 lb ) = 0
M = − ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2 + ( 855 lb ) x − 2052 lb ⋅ ft
Complete diagrams using symmetry
Note: The discontinuities in M, at C and D, equal M C and M D
(b) V max
= 585 lb at C and D
M max
= 783 lb ⋅ ft at I
Dy 0.35 m
Note: D passes through C, so = = 0.7
Dx 0.5 m
FBD Whole:
ΣM H = 0: ( 0.65 m )( 200 N ) − ( 0.5 m ) ( 0.7 Dx ) + ( 0.1 m ) ( Dx )
+ ( 0.25 m )( 400 N ) − ( 0.15 m )( 200 N ) = 0
D x = 800 N
D y = 560 N
ΣFx = 0: 800 N − H x = 0 H x = 800 N
ΣFy = 0: 560 N − 400 N − 2 ( 200 N ) + H y = 0
H y = 240 N
Beam AB with forces at D & H replaced by forces and couples at E and G.

Horizontal forces not shown to avoid clutter.
Along AE: ΣFy = 0: − 200 N − V = 0
V = − 200 N
ΣM J = 0: x ( 200 N ) + M = 0
M = − ( 200 N ) x
Along EF: ΣFy = 0: − 200 N + 560 N − V = 0
V = 360 N
ΣM K = 0: M − 80 N ⋅ m + x ( 200 N ) − ( x − 0.15 m )( 560 N ) = 0
M = ( 360 N ) x − 4 N ⋅ m
Along GB: ΣFy = 0: V − 400 N = 0
V = 200 N
ΣM L = 0: M + x1 ( 200 N ) = 0 M = ( 200 N ) x1
continued
Along FG: ΣFy = 0: V + 240 N − 200 N = 0
V = − 40 N
ΣM N = 0: ( )
M − 160 N ⋅ m + x1 − 0.15 m ( 240 N ) − x1 ( 200 ) N = 0
M = 124 N ⋅ m + ( 40 N ) x1
From diagrams, V max

= 360 N along EF
M max
= 140.0 N ⋅ m at F
( 48 in.) 
5   12 
FBD AB + Pulley & Cord: ΣM A = 0: D  + ( 20 in.)  D  − (100 in.)(120 lb ) = 0
 13   13 
D = 325 lb so D x = 300 lb , D y = 125 lb
ΣFy = 0: − Ay + 125 lb − 120 lb = 0 A y = 5 lb
Neglecting the diameter of pulley G, the cord EG has slope 3/4,

and tension 120 lb, E x = 96 lb , E y = 72 lb
(a) Beam AB with forces at D and G replaced by forces and couples at E
and F. Horizontal forces are omitted to avoid clutter.
Along AE:
ΣFy = 0: − 5 lb − V = 0, V = − 5 lb
ΣM J = 0: x ( 5 lb ) + M = 0, M = ( − 5 lb ) x
Along EF:
ΣFy = 0: − 5 lb + 197 lb − V = 0, V = 192 lb
ΣM K = 0: M + 6000 lb ⋅ in. + x ( 5 lb ) − ( x − 48 in.)(197 lb ) = 0
M = (192 lb ) x − 15456 lb ⋅ in.

Along FB:
ΣFy = 0: V − 120 lb = 0, V = 120 lb
ΣM L = 0: − M − x1 (120 lb ) = 0
M = − (120 lb ) x1
From diagrams, V max

= 192.0 lb along EF
(b)
M max
= 6240 lb ⋅ in. = 520 lb ⋅ ft at E
2P
ΣFy = 0: Lw − 2P = 0 w=
L
Along AC:
x  2P  P 2
ΣM J = 0: M −  x = 0 M = x
2 L  L
Along CD:
x  2P 
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − a ) P −  x = 0
2 L 
P 2
M = x − Px + Pa
L
Complete diagram using symmetry
1 L
Note: M min = Pa − PL at x = (center)
4 2
P 2 PL L2
Setting M max = − M min : a = − Pa + or a 2 + La − =0
L 4 4
L 2 2 −1
Solving a = − ± L, positive root a = L
2 2 2
(a) Then, with L = 1.5 m, a = 0.31066 m a = 0.311 m
Pa 2
(b) and, with P = 3.6 kN, M max = M max
= 232 N ⋅ m
L
ΣFy = 0: T − C y = 0 Cy = T
FBD Angle CE: ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 0.3 ft ) T = 0, M C = ( 0.3 ft ) T
by symmetry D y = T and M D = ( 0.3 ft ) T
ΣFy = 0: 2T − 810 lb − ( 9 ft )(100 lb/ft ) = 0 T = 855 lb
Beam AB: From above M C = M D = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
x
Along AC: ΣM J = 0: M − (100 lb/ft ) x = 0
2
M = − ( 50 lb/ft ) x 2
Along CI:
M C = 256.5 lb ⋅ ft
x
ΣM K = 0: M − 256.5 lb ⋅ ft + (100 lb/ft ) x
2
− ( x − 4.5 ft + a )( 855 lb ) = 0
M =  − 50 x 2 + 855 ( x + a ) − 3591 lb ⋅ ft with a in ft
Complete M diagram using symmetry
At x = ( 4.5 − a ) ft, M min = − 50 ( 4.5 − a ) lb ⋅ ft

2
At x = 4.5 ft, M max = ( 855 a − 756 ) lb ⋅ ft
Setting M max = − M min : a 2 − 26.1 a + 35.37 = 0
Solving: a = 13.05 ± 11.6160, a < 4.5 so a = 1.434 ft

(a)
(b) giving M max
= 470 lb ⋅ ft
Replacing the 1500 N force with equivalent force and couple at D,

M C = 0: (1.25 m ) P − (1.2 m )(1500 N ) − 1800 N ⋅ m
+ ( 2.4 m ) E y − ( 3.65 m ) 2P = 0
assume P in N: E y = (1500 + 2.5208 P ) N
ΣFy = 0: C y − P − 2P − 1500 + (1500 + 2.5208 P ) = 0
C y = 0.47917 P
Along AC: ΣM J = 0: M + x P = 0
M = − Px
Along CD: ΣM K = 0:
M + x P − ( x − 1.25 m )( 0.47917 P ) = 0
M = − 0.5208 Px − 0.5990 P
at x = 2.45− (left of D), M = −1.875 P
at x = 2.45+ (right of D), M = 1800 − 1.875 P
At E: ΣM E = 0: − M − (1.25 m )( 2 P ) = 0
M = − 2.5 P
(a) Setting M max = − M min : 1800 − 1.875 P = 2.5 P P = 411.43
P = 411 N
(b) M max = 2.5 P M max = 1029 N ⋅ m
M max
= 1.029 kN ⋅ m
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, and only pts A,
C, and D need be considered.
At A: ΣM A = 0: M + ( 0.75 m )( 4 kN ) + (1.75 m )(16 kN )
− (1.75 m + a )( 8 kN ) = 0
(With a in m) M = ( 8 a − 17 ) kN ⋅ m
At C:
ΣM C = M + (1 m )(16 kN ) − (1 m + a m )( 8 kN ) = 0
M = ( 8 a − 8 ) kN ⋅ m
At D: ΣM D = 0: M − ( a m )( 8 kN ) = 0
M = 8 a kN ⋅ m
Apparently M max = 8 a kN ⋅ m at D,
(a)
and M min = ( 8 a − 17 ) kN ⋅ m at A
17
Setting M max = − M min : 8 a = 17 − 8 a a= m
16
a = 1.063 m
17
and M max = 8 a = kN ⋅ m M max
= 8.50 kN ⋅ m
(b) 2
ΣM A = 0: a Dy − ( 5 ft )( 500 lb ) − (10 ft )( 500 lb ) = 0
7500 lb ⋅ ft
Dy =
a
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, so only points
C and D need be considered. Assume a in ft.
At D: ΣM D = 0:
M + (10 − a ) ft  ( 500 lb ) = 0
M D = − 500 (10 − a ) lb ⋅ ft
At C:
7500
ΣM C = 0: M + ( 5ft )( 500 lb ) − 5 − (10 − a )  ft lb = 0
a
 37500 
M C =  5000 −  lb ⋅ ft
 a 
(a) Apparently M max = M C and M min = M D (recall 5 < a < 10 )
37500
Setting M C = − M D : 5000 − = 5000 − 500 a
a
37500 = 500 a 2
a = 75 a = 8.66 ft
(b) M max ( )
= 500 10 − 75 lb ⋅ ft M max
= 670 lb ⋅ ft
ΣM A = 0: aDy − ( 5 ft )( 250 lb ) − (10 ft )( 500 lb ) = 0
6250 lb ⋅ ft
Dy =
a
6250
With a in ft, Dy = lb
a
Since there are no distributed loads, M is piecewise linear, so only points
C and D need be considered.
At D: ΣM D = 0: (10 − a ) ft  ( 500 lb ) + M D = 0
M D = − 500 (10 − a ) lb ⋅ ft
At C:
 6250 
ΣM C = 0: M C + ( 5 ft )( 500 lb ) − 5 − (10 − a )  ft  lb  = 0
 a 
 31250 
M C =  3750 −  lb ⋅ ft
 a 
(a) Apparently M max is M C and M min is M D ( 5 < a < 10 )

31250
Setting M C = − M D : 3750 − = − 500 a + 5000
a
500 a 2 − 1250 − 31250 = 0 or a 2 − 2.5 a − 62.5 = 0
a = 1.25 ± 8.004, positive root a = 9.254 ft
a = 9.25 ft
(b) M max
= 500 (10 − a ) lb ⋅ ft M max
= 373 lb ⋅ ft
x
ΣM J = 0: − M − wx = 0
M due to distributed load: 2
1
M = − wx 2
2
ΣM J = 0: − M + xw = 0
M due to counter weight:
M = wx
w 2 dM W
M = Wx − x = W − wx = 0 at x =
(a) Both applied: 2 dx w
W2
And here M = > 0 so M max ; M min must be at x = L
2w
1 2
So M min = WL − wL . For minimum M max
set M max = −M min , so
2
W2 1
= −WL + wL2 or W 2 + 2wLW − w2 L2 = 0
2w 2
W = −wL ± 2w2 L2 (need +)

W = ( )
2 − 1 wL = 0.414wL
( )
2
(b) w may be removed W2 2 −1
M max = = wL2 M max = 0.858wL2
2w 2
Without w, M = Wx, M max = WL at A
w 2 W2 W
With w (see part a) M = Wx − x , M max = at x =
2 2w w
1 2
M min = WL − wL at x = L
2
For minimum M max , set M max ( no w ) = −M min ( with w )
1 2 1 1 2
WL = − WL + wL → W = wL → M max = wL
2 4 4
1
With W = wL
4
(a) FBD Beam:

ΣM C = 0: LAy − M 0 = 0
M0
Ay =
L
M0
ΣFy = 0: − Ay + C = 0 C=
L
M0  dV 
Shear Diag: V = − at A, and remains constant  = w = 0 .
L  dx 
Moment Diag: M starts at zero at A and decreases linearly
 dM M  M M
 = V = − 0  to − 0 at B, where M jumps by M 0 to + 0 .
 dx L  2 2
M
M continues to decrease with slope − 0 to zero at C.
L
(b) From diagrams:

M0
V max
= everywhere
L
M0
M max
= at B
2
By symmetry Ay = By
(a) and (b)
ΣFy = 0: 2 Ay − 2 P = 0 Ay = P By = P
Shear Diag:
V is piecewise constant with discontinuities equal to P at A, B, C and D in
the direction of the loads.
Moment Diag:
M is piecewise linear with slope equal to + P on AB, 0 on BC, –P on CD.
M B = Pa
V max
= P along AB and CD
M max
= Pa along BC
Shear Diag:
(a) and (b)
 dV 
Since w is linear, V is quadratic  = − w  starting at 0 at A, and
 dx 
1
decreasing to − w0 L at B.
2
Moment Diag:
 dm 
M is zero at A and decreases cubically  = V  to
 dx 
1 1  1 2
 − w0 L  L = − w0 L at B.
3 2  6
1
V max
= w0 L at B
2
1
M max
= w0 L2 at B
6
(a) and (b) ΣM B = 0: aP + 2aC y − 3.5aP = 0
C y = 1.25P
ΣFy = 0: By − 2 P + 1.25P = 0 By = 0.75P
Shear Diag:
V is piecewise constant, equal to –P from A to B, jumping up 0.75P, at B,
to − 0.25P, and jumping up 1.25 P, at C, to + P.
Moment Diag:
 dM 
M is zero at A, decreasing linearly  = V = − P  to − Pa at B, and
 dx 
 dM 
further,  = V = − 0.25P  to − Pa − ( 0.25P )( 2a ) = −1.5Pa at C. M
 dx 
 dM 
then increases linearly  = V = P  to −1.5Pa + P (1.5a ) = 0 at D,
 dx 
as it must.
V max
= P along AB and CD
M max
= 1.5Pa at C
(a) and (b) ΣM B = 0: ( 0.6 ft )( 4 kips ) + ( 5.1 ft )(8 kips )

+ ( 7.8 ft )(10 kips ) − ( 9.6 ft ) Ay =0
A y = 12.625 kips
Shear Diag:
 dV 
V is piecewise constant,  = 0  with discontinuities at each
 dx 
concentrated force. (equal to force)
V max
= 12.63 kips
Moment Diag:
 dM 
M is zero at A, and piecewise linear  = V  throughout.
 dx 
M C = (1.8 ft )(12.625 kips ) = 22.725 kip ⋅ ft

M D = 22.725 kip ⋅ ft + ( 2.7 ft )( 2.625 kips )
= 29.8125 kip ⋅ ft
M E = 29.8125 kip ⋅ ft − ( 4.5 ft )( 5.375 kips )
= 5.625 kip ⋅ ft
M B = 5.625 kip ⋅ ft − ( 0.6 ft )( 9.375 kips ) = 0
M max
= 29.8 kip ⋅ ft
(a) and (b) FBD Beam:

ΣM E = 0: (1.1 m )( 0.54 kN ) − ( 0.9 m ) C y
+ ( 0.4 m )(1.35 kN ) − ( 0.3 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0
C y = 1.08 kN
ΣFy = 0: − 0.54 kN + 1.08 kN − 1.35 kN + E − 0.54 kN = 0
E = 1.35 kN
Shear Diag:
 dV 
V is piecewise constant,  = 0 everywhere  with discontinuities at
 dx 
each concentrated force. (equal to the force)
V max
= 810 N
Moment Diag:
M is piecewise linear starting with M A = 0
M C = 0 − 0.2 m ( 0.54 kN ) = 0.108 kN ⋅ m

M D = 0.108 kN ⋅ m + ( 0.5 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0.162 kN ⋅ m
M E = 0.162 kN ⋅ m − ( 0.4 m )( 0.81 kN ) = − 0.162 kN ⋅ m
M B = 0.162 kN ⋅ m + ( 0.3 m )( 0.54 kN ) = 0
M max
= 0.162 kN ⋅ m = 162.0 N ⋅ m
(1.5 m ) E y − 
1 
ΣM A = 0: m  ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) − (1.3 m )( 600 N )
2 
− ( 2 m )( 420 N ) = 0 E y = 1200 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay + 1200 N − ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) − 600 N − 420 N = 0
A y = 180.0 N
(a)
Shear Diag:
V jumps to Ay = 180 N at A, then decreases linearly
 dV 
 = − w = − 360 N/m  to 180 N − ( 360 N/m )(1 m ) = −180 N at C.
 dx 
From C, V is piecewise constant ( w = 0 ) with jumps of − 600 N at D,
+ 1200 N at E, − 420 N at B.
Moment Diag:
dM
M starts at zero at A with slope = V = 180 N/m, decreasing to zero
dx
1
at x = 0.5 m . There M = (180 N )( 0.5 m ) = 45 N ⋅ m. M is zero again
2
at C, decreasing to − (180 N )( 0.3 m ) = − 54 N ⋅ m at D. M then
decreases by ( 780 N )( 0.2 m ) = 156 N ⋅ m to − 210 N ⋅ m at E, and
increases by ( 420 N )( 0.5 m ) = 210 N ⋅ m to zero at B.
(b) From the diagrams, V max

= 780 N along EB
M max
= 210 N ⋅ m at E
(a) Shear Diag:

 dV 
V is zero at A with constant slope  = − w = −1 kip/ft  decreasing to
 dx 
− 3.6 kips at C. V then jumps 9 kips to 5.4 kips and is constant to D.
Then V increases with constant slope 1.5 kips/ft for 3 ft, to 9.9 kips at B.
This is also equal to By .
Moment Diag:
 dM 
M is zero at A, with zero slope  = V  decreasing to − 3.6 kips at C,
 dx 
1
where M = ( − 3.6 kips )( 3.6 ft ) , M C = − 6.48 kip ⋅ ft. M then increases
2
linearly with slope 5.4 kips to − 6.48 kip ⋅ ft + ( 5.4 kips )(1.8 ft )
= 3.24 kip ⋅ ft at D. Finally, M increases, with increasing slope, to
 5.4 kips + 9.9 kips 
M B = 3.24 kip ⋅ ft +   ( 3 ft ) ,
 2 
M B = 26.19 kip ⋅ ft.
(b)
= 9.90 kips at B
M max
= 26.2 kip ⋅ ft at B
(a) ΣM B = 0: ( 4 m ) Ay − ( 2.7 m )(1.8 kN/m )( 2.6 m )

− ( 2.4 m )( 4 kN ) = 0
A y = 5.559 kN
Shear Diag:
At A, V jumps up 5.559 kN, then decreases with uniform slope of
−1.8 kN/m to 2.679 kN at C. V then jumps down 4 kN to −1.321 kN,
and continues with uniform slope −1.8 kN/m to − 3.121 kN at D. V is
then constant to B. Note: By = 3.121 kN
Moment Diag:
dM
M is zero at A, with slope = V = 5.559 kN. The slope decreases to
dx
 5.559 + 2.679 
2.679 kN at C, where M =  kN  (1.6 m ) ,
 2 
M C = 6.59 kN ⋅ m. At C the slope drops to −1.321 kN and continues to
 1.321 + 3.121 
decrease, M D = 6.59 kN ⋅ m −   kN (1 m ) = 4.37 kN ⋅ m.
 2 
M then decreases with uniform slope − 3.121 kN, to zero at B.

= 5.56 kN at A
(b) M = 6.59 kN ⋅ m at C
max
(a) ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 24 kN/m )( 2 m ) − 48 kN − 8 kN = 0
A y = 8 kN
ΣM A = 0: M A − (1 m )( 24 kN/m )( 2 m ) + ( 3.5 m )( 48 kN )
+ ( 4 m )( 8 kN ) = 0
M A = −152 kN ⋅ m
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 8 kN at A, and increases with uniform slope

dV
= − w = 24 kN/m to 56 kN at C. V is constant at 56 kN to D, then
dx
drops by 8 kN to 8 kN at D, is then constant at 8 kN to B.
Moment Diag:
M starts at M A = −152 kN ⋅ m, with slope 8 kN, which increases to 56 kN

 8 + 56 
at C, where M = −152 kN ⋅ m +  kN  ( 2 m ) = − 88 kN ⋅ m. Then
 2 
M increases with uniform slope 56 kN to − 88 kN ⋅ m + ( 56 kN )(1.5 m )
= − 4 kN ⋅ m at D, and finally, with slope 8 kN, to zero at B.

= 56 kN along CD
(b) M max
= 152.0 kN ⋅ m at A
Note: Cx is omitted to avoid clutter.
(a) By symmetry C y = G y
ΣFy = 0: 2C y − 2 (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) − 2 (100 lb ) − 150 lb = 0
C y = 295 lb G y = 295 lb
Shear Diag:
dV
At A, V = 0 and has slope = − w = −12 lb/in. which is uniform to
dx
C, where V = − (12 lb/in.)(10 in.) = −120 lb ⋅ in. V jumps 295 lb to
+ 175 lb at C, is constant to D where it drops 100 lb to 75 lb, is constant
to E where it drops 150 lb to − 75 lb. The diagram can be completed
using symmetry.
Moment Diag:
M is zero at A, with zero slope, which decreases linearly to −120 lb at C,

1
where M = − (120 lb )(10 in.) = − 600 lb ⋅ in. M then increases, with
2
uniform slope 175 lb, to − 600 lb ⋅ in. + (175 lb )( 6 in.) = 450 lb ⋅ in. at D.
M then increases, at uniform slope 75 lb, to 450 lb + (75 lb)(6 in.)
= 900 lb ⋅ in. at E. The diagram can be completed using symmetry.

= 175.0 lb along CD and FG
(b) M = 900 lb ⋅ in. at center E

max
(a) ΣM F = 0: (18 ft )(1 kip/ft )( 6 ft ) − (12 ft ) Dy

+ ( 4.5 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) + ( 3 ft )( 33 kips ) = 0
D y = 24 kips
ΣFy = 0: 24 kips + Fy + 33 kips − (1 kip/ft )( 6 ft )
− ( 2 kips/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0 Fy = − 33 kips
Fy = 33 kips
Shear Diag:
dV
V = 0 at A and = −1 kip/ft is uniform to C, where V = − 6 kips .
dx
Then V is constant to D where it jumps up 24 kips to + 18 kips, and
dV
remains constant to E. From E to F, = − 2 kips/ft and V decreases by
dx
18 kips to zero at F, where it drops 33 kips, is constant to B, and jumps
33 kips to zero.
Moment Diag:
dM
At A, M = 0 and starts at zero, decreasing to − 6 kips at C, where
dx
1
M = ( 6 kips )( 6 ft ) = −18 kip ⋅ ft. M then decreases linearly by
2
( 6 kips )( 3 ft ) to − 36 kip ⋅ ft at D, and increases linearly by
dM
(18 kip )( 3 ft ) to + 18 kip ⋅ ft at E. From E to F, decreases from
dx
1
18 kips to zero as M increases by (18 kips )( 9 ft ) to 99 kip ⋅ ft, at F.
2
M then decreases linearly to zero at B.
= 33.0 kips along FB
M = 99.0 kips at F
(b) max
(a)
ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m ) − (120 N/m )( 0.3 m ) = 0
Ay = −124 N A y = 124 N
ΣM A = 0: M A − 60 N ⋅ m − ( 0.4 m )( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m )
+ (1.35 m )(120 N/m )( 0.3 m ) = 0 M A = 75.4 N ⋅ m
Shear Diag:
dV
V drops to 124 N at A. = 200 N/m from A to C and V increases by
dx
( 200 N/m )( 0.8 m ) = 160 N to + 36 N at C. It remains at 36 N to D,
x 124 N
then decreases linearly to zero at B. Note V = 0 where = ,
0.8 m 160 N
or x = 0.62 m.
Moment Diag:
dM
M jumps to 75.4 at A where = −124 N. The slope increases to zero
dx
1
at x = 0.62 m, where M = 75.4 N ⋅ m − (124 N )( 0.62 m )
2
= 36.96 N ⋅ m. The slope then increases as M increases by
1
( 36 N )( 0.18 m ) = 3.24 N ⋅ m to 40.2 N ⋅ m at C, where it drops
2
60 N ⋅ m to −19.8 N ⋅ m. M increases linearly by
( 36 N )( 0.4 m ) = 14.4 N ⋅ m to − 5.4 N ⋅ m, and finally M increases
1 dM
quadratically by ( 36 N )( 0.3 m ) = 5.4 N ⋅ m to zero at B where is
2 dx
also zero.
= 124.0 N at A
M max
= 75.4 N at A
(b)
(a) ΣM A = 0: − ( 3 m )( 9 kN ) − 27 kN ⋅ m − ( 9 m )(12 kN ) + (12 m ) F
+ (16.5 m )( 3 kN ) + 22.5 kN ⋅ m = 0
F = 7.5 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 9 kN − 12 kN + 7.5 kN + 3 kN = 0
A y = 10.5 kN
Shear Diag:
V is piecewise constant, with jumps at A, C, E, F, and B, equal to the
forces there.
Moment Diag:
M is piecewise linear with jumps at D and B equal to the couples there.
M C = (10.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 31.5 kN ⋅ m
M D − = 31.5 kN ⋅ m + (1.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 36.0 kN ⋅ m
M D+ = 36 kN ⋅ m + 27 kN ⋅ m = 63 kN ⋅ m
M E = 63 kN ⋅ m + (1.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 67.5 kN ⋅ m
M F = 67.5 kN ⋅ m − (10.5 kN )( 3 m ) = 36 kN ⋅ m
M B − = 36 kN ⋅ m − ( 3 kN )( 4.5 m ) = 22.5 kN ⋅ m
Finally M drops 22.5 kN ⋅ m to zero at B

= 10.50 kN along AC and EF
(b)
M max
= 67.5 kN ⋅ m at E
(a)
ΣM A = 0: ( 3 m ) By − ( 2.1 m )( 2.5 kN/m )( 4.2 m ) = 0
B y = 7.35 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 2.5 kN/m )( 4.2 m ) + 7.35 kN = 0

A y = 3.15 kN
Shear Diag:
dV
V has slope = − 2.5 kN/m throughout, and jumps at A and B equal to
dx
the forces there.
VB − = 3.15 kN − ( 2.5 kN/m )( 3 m ) = − 4.35
VB + = − 4.35 kN + 7.35 kN = 3 kN
VC = 3 kN − ( 2.5 kN/m )(1.2 m ) = 0

Note, V = 0 where 3.15 kN − ( 2.5 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.26 m.
Moment Diag:
dM
At A, M = 0 and = 3.15 kN. The slope decreases to zero at
dx
x = 1.26 m and to − 4.35 kN at B, jumps to 3.0 kN and decreases to
0 at C.
1
M D = ( 3.15 kN )(1.26 m ) = 1.9845 kN ⋅ m
2
1
M B = 1.9845 kN ⋅ m − ( 4.35 kN )( 3 m − 1.26 m ) = −1.80 kN ⋅ m
2
1
M C = −1.80 kN ⋅ m + ( 3 kN )(1.2 m ) = 0
2
= 4.35 kN at B
(b) M = 1.985 kN at D (1.26 m from A )
max
Note: C x omitted to avoid clutter.

(a) ΣM C = 0: − ( 0.5 m )( 2 kN/m )( 2 m ) + (1.5 m )(1 kN )
− ( 3 m )( 4.5 kN/m )(1 m ) + ( 3.5 m ) By = 0
B y = 4.0 kN
ΣFy = 0: C y − ( 2 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 1 kN − ( 4.5 kN/m )(1 m )
+ 4.0 kN = 0 C y = 3.5 kN
Shear Diag:
dV
At A, V = 0 and = − 2 kN/m, so V decreases to −1 at C, then
dm
jumps 3.5 kN to + 2.5 kN, and continues to decrease, with the same
slope, to − 0.5 kN at D, jumps 1 kN to + 0.5 kN from D to E. Then V
decreases at rate 4.5 kN/m, to − 4.0 kN at B. Note that V = 0 where
8
( − 4.5 kN/m )( x ) = − 4 kN, x = m, and where ( 2 kN/m )( y ) = 2.5,
9
5
y = m.
4
Moment Diag:
dM
At A, M and = 0, with the slope decreasing to −1 kN at C, where
dx
1
M = − (1 kN )( 0.5 m ) = − 0.25 kN ⋅ m. The slope jumps to 2.5 kN
2
and decreases to zero at F and to − 0.5 kN at D.
1 5
M F = − 0.25 kN ⋅ m + ( 2.5 kN )  m  = 1.3125 kN ⋅ m
2 4 
1 1
M D = 1.3125 kN ⋅ m − ( 0.5 kN )  m  = 1.25 kN ⋅ m.
2 4 
From D, M increases by ( 0.5 kN )(1 m ) to 1.75 kN ⋅ m at G. M continues
1 1
to increase to 1.75 kN ⋅ m + ( 0.5 kN )  m  = 1.7778 kN ⋅ m at G and
2 9 
1 8
then decreases by ( 4 kN )  m  = 1.7778 kN ⋅ m, to zero at B.
2 9 
(b) From the diagrams, V max
= 4.00 kN at B
4 
M max
= 1.778 kN ⋅ m at G  m from B 
 9 
(a) ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) − 3 kips + 7 kips = 0

A y = 12 kips
ΣM A = 0: M A + ( 4 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) − (14 ft )( 3 kips )

− ( 20 ft )( 7 kips ) = 0 M A = 34 kip ⋅ ft
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 12 kips at A, then decreases at 2 kips/ft to − 4 kips at C to D.
V drops 3 kips to − 7 kips from D to B and jumps 7 kips to zero. Note:
V = 0 where 12 kips − ( 2 kips/ft ) x = 0, x = 6 ft.
Moment Diag:
M jumps to 34 kip ⋅ ft at A and then increases with decreasing slope to
1
34 kip ⋅ ft + (12 kips )( 6 ft ) = 70 kip ⋅ ft at E, and decreases by
2
1
( 4 kips )( 2 ft ) = 4 kip ⋅ ft, to 66 kip ⋅ ft at C. M then decreases by
2
( 4 kips )( 6 ft ) to 42 kip ⋅ ft at D, and by ( 7 kips )( 6 ft ) to zero at B.
M max
= 70 kip ⋅ ft at E
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) − 3 kips + 10 kips = 0

A y = 9 kips
(b) ΣM A = 0: M A + ( 4 ft )( 2 kips/ft )( 8 ft ) + (14 ft )( 3 kips )
− ( 20 ft )(10 kips ) = 0 M A = 94 kip ⋅ ft

Shear Diag:
V jumps to 9 kips at A, then decreases, at 2 kips/ft , to − 7 kips at C to D,
drops 3 kips to −10 kips from D to B and jumps 10 kips to 0.
Note: V = 0 where 9 kips − ( 2 kips/ft ) x = 0, x = 4.5 ft.
Moment Diag:
M jumps to 94 kip ⋅ ft at A and increases to
1
94 kip ⋅ ft + ( 9 kips )( 4.5 ft ) = 114.25 kip ⋅ ft, then decreases by
2
1
( 7 kips )( 3.5 ft ) to 102 kip ⋅ ft at C. M decreases linearly by
2
( 7 kips )( 6 ft ) to 60 kip ⋅ ft at D, then by (10 kips )( 6 ft ) to zero at
B.
M max
= 114.3 kip ⋅ ft at E ( 4.5 ft from A)
ΣM A = 0: (15 ft ) C y + ( 9 ft )( 600 lb ) − ( 4.5 ft )(800 lb/ft )( 9 ft ) = 0

C y = 1800 lb = 1.8 kips
ΣFy = 0: Ay + 1800 lb − ( 800 lb )( 9 ft ) + 600 lb = 0
A y = 4800 lb = 4.8 kips

Shear Diag:
V jumps to 4.8 kips at A then decreases linearly, at 0.8 kips/ft, to
− 2.4 kips at B, jumps 0.6 kips to −1.8 kips, is constant to C, and jumps
1.8 kips to zero.
Note: V = 0 at D, where 4.8 kips − ( 800 kip/ft ) x = 0, x = 6.0 ft.
Moment Diag:
M starts at zero and increases with decreasing slope to
1
( 4.8 kips )( 6 ft ) = 14.4 kip ⋅ ft at D, then decreases by
2
1
( 2.4 kips )( 3 ft ) to 10.8 kip ⋅ ft at B. M then decreases with slope
2
−1.8 kips to zero at C.
M max
= 14.40 kips at D (6 ft from A)
(a) ΣM A = 0: ( 6 m ) By − (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) − 24 kN ⋅ m
− ( 5 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0 B y = 44 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2 ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 44 kN = 0
A y = 36 kN
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 36 kN at A, then decreases with slope –20 kN/m to − 4 kN

at C, is constant to E, then decreases with slope –20 kN/m to − 44 kN
at B.
Note: V = 0 at F where 36 kN − ( 20 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.8 m.
Moment Diag:
1
Starting at zero M increases with decreasing slope to (36 kN )(1.8 m)
2
1
= 32.4 kN ⋅ m at F , decreases by ( 4 kN )( 0.2 m ) to 32 kN ⋅ m at C ,
2
then with slope − 4 kN to 28 kN ⋅ m at D, where it jumps to 52 kN ⋅ m,
M decreases with slope − 4 kN to 48 kN ⋅ m at E, then with increasingly
 4 + 44 
negative slope by  kN  ( 2 m ) to zero at B.
(b)  2 
M max
= 52 kN ⋅ m ( at D ) W
(a) ΣM A = 0: ( 6 m ) By − (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 24 kN ⋅ m
− ( 5 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = 0 B y = 36 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 2 ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + 36 kN = 0
A y = 44 kN
Shear Diag:
V jumps to 44 kN at A, then decreases with slope − 20 kN/m to 4 kN at

C, is constant to E, then decreases with slope − 20 kN/m to −36 kN at B.
V = 0 at F where − 36 kN + ( 20 kN/m ) x = 0, x = 1.8 m.
Moment Diag:
 44 + 4 
M starts at zero, increases with decreasing slope to  kN ( 2 m )
 2 
= 48 kN ⋅ m at C , increases with slope 4 kN to 52 kN ⋅ m at D, drops
24 kN ⋅ m to 28 kN ⋅ m then increases with slope 4 kN to 32 kN ⋅ m at E.
1
Then M increases with decreasing slope, by ( 4 kN )( 0.2 m ) to
2
32.4 kN ⋅ m at F and decreases with increasingly negative slope to
zero at B.
(b) M max
= 52.0 kN ⋅ m ( at D )
Note: The 2 kip force at E has been replaced by the equivalent force and
(a) couple at C.
ΣM A = 0: − ( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + 8 kip ⋅ ft − (12 ft )( 2 kips )

+ ( 24 ft ) Dy − ( 32 ft )(1 kip ) = 0 D y = 5 kips
ΣFy = 0: Ay − (1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) − 2 kips + 5 kips − 1 kip = 0
A y = 10 kips
Shear Diag:
From 10 kips at A, V decreases with slope −1 kip/ft to − 2 kips at C,

drops 2 kips, is constant at − 4 kips to D, jumps 5 kips, and is constant at
1 kip to B.
V = 0 at E, where 10 kips − (1 kip/ft ) x = 0, x = 10 ft.
Moment Diag:
1
From zero at A, M increases with decreasing slope to (10 kips)(10 ft )
2
1
= 50 kip ⋅ ft at F , decreases by ( 2 kips )( 2 ft ) to 48 kip ⋅ ft at C, drops
2
8 kip ⋅ ft to 40 kip ⋅ ft, then decreases with slope − 4 kips to − 8 kip ⋅ ft at
D. Finally M increases with slope 1 kip to zero at B.
(b) M max
= 50 kip ⋅ ft at F (10.00 ft from A ) W
(a) Note: The 2 kip force at E has been replaced by the equivalent force and
couple at C.
ΣM A = 0: − ( 6 ft )(1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + (12 ft )( 2 kips ) − 8 kip ⋅ ft
11
+ ( 24 ft ) Dy − ( 32 ft )(1 kip ) = 0 Dy = kips
3
11
ΣFy = 0: Ay − (1 kip/ft )(12 ft ) + 2 kips − kips − 1 kip = 0
3
22
Ay = kips
3
Shear Diag:
22 14
Starting at kips at A, V decreases with slope −1 kip/ft to − kips
3 3
8 11
at C, jumps 2 kips and remains constant at − kips to D, jumps kips
3 3
and remains constant at 1 kip to B, drops to zero.
22 22
V = 0 at F, where kip − (1 kip/ft ) x = 0, x= ft.
3 3
Moment Diag:
Starting from zero, M increases with decreasing slope to
1  22  22 
 kips  ft  = 26.889 kip ⋅ ft at F . M then decreases by
2 3  3 
1  14  14 
 kips  ft  to 16 kip ⋅ ft at C , jumps to 24 kip ⋅ ft, decreases
2 3  3 
8
with slope − kips to − 8 kip ⋅ ft at D, and finally increases with slope
3
1 kip to zero at B.
(b)
M max
= 26.9 kip ⋅ ft at F ( 7.33 ft from A) W
(b)  x 
(a) Distributed load w = w0  4   − 1
 L 
dV
Shear: = −w, and V ( 0 ) = 0, so
dx
x x/L x
V = ∫0 − wdx = − ∫
0
Lwd  
L
  x 2
x/L  x   x    x
V = ∫0 wo L 1 − 4    d   = w L    − 2  
0
  L   L   L  L 
 
Notes: At x = L, V = −w0 L
2
x x x 1
And V = 0 at   = 2  or =
L L L 2
x 1
Also V is max where w = 0  = 
L 4
1
Vmax = w0 L
8
dM
Moment: M ( 0 ) = 0, =V
dx
x x/L x x
M = ∫ 0 vdx = L∫ 0 V  d  
L L
 x  2
2 x/L x  x
M = w0 L ∫0   − 2    d  
 L   L    L 
 x  2
x 
V = w0 L   − 2   
 L   L  
 1  x  2 2  x 3 
2
M = w0 L    −   
 2  L  3  L  
1 L
M max = w0 L2 at x =
24 2
1
M min = − w0 L2 at x = L
6
w0 L2 L
M max = at x =
24 2
w0 L2
(c) M max
= −M min = at B
6
(b) 1 1 3
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 2w0 ) ( 2a ) + w0a = 0 Ay = w0a
2 2 2
( 2a ) ( 2w0 ) ( 2a ) −  a  ( w0 ) ( a ) = 0
2 1 7 1
ΣM A = 0: M A +
3 2 3 2
3
M A = − w0a 2
2
w0
(a) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2a: w= x
a
( )
3 x w0 w
V =
2
w0a −
∫ 0 a
xdx = 0 3a 2 − x 2 W
2a
3 w0
( )
x
M = − w0a 2 +
2 ∫ 0 2a
3a 2 − x 2 dx
M =
w0
6a
( )
− 9a 3 + 9a 2 x − x3 W
Note: V = 0 at x = 3a, where M = 0.232 w0a 2

At x = 2a,
1
M = w0a 2
6
w0
for 2a ≤ x ≤ 3a : w = − 3w0 + x
a
1 x w0
V = − w0a +
2 ∫ 2a a
( 3a − x ) dx
V =
w0
2a
(
− 9a 2 + 6ax − x 2 W )
( )
1 x w0
M =
6
w0a +
∫ 2a 2a
− 9a 2 + 6ax − x 2 dx
M =
w0
6a
(
27a3 − 27a 2 x + 9ax 2 − x3 W )
(c) 3
M max
= w0a 2 at A ( x = 0 ) W
2
(a) FBD Beam:

1
ΣM B = 0: ( 3a )  
w0 ( 3a )  − 5aAy = 0 A y = 0.9w0a
2 
1
ΣFy = 0: 0.9w0a − w0 ( 3a ) + B = 0
2
B = 0.6w0a
Shear Diag:
V = Ay = 0.9w0a from A to C and V = B = − 0.6w0a from B to D.
x1
Then from D to C, w = w0 . If x1 is measured right to left,
3a
dV dM x w
= + w and = − V . So, from D, V = − 0.6w0a + ∫ 0 1 0 x1dx1,
dx1 dx1 3a
 2
1  x1  
V = w0a  − 0.6 +   
 6  a  
2
x 
Note: V = 0 at  1  = 3.6, x1 = 3.6 a
a
Moment Diag:
 dM 
M = 0 at A, increasing linearly  = 0.9w0a  to M C = 0.9w0a 2.
 dx1 
 dM 
Similarly M = 0 at B increasing linearly  = 0.6w0a  to
 dx 
M D = 0.6w0a 2. Between C and D
 2
0.6 − 1  x1   dx1,
2 x1
M = 0.6w0a + w0a ∫
0  6 a  
 
 3
x  1 x  
M = w0a 2 0.6 + 0.6  1  −  1  
  a  18  a  
(b) x1
At = 3.6, M = M max = 1.359w0a 2
a
x1 = 1.897a left of D
L1  w0 L
ΣM A = 0: LBy −  w0 L  = 0 By =
54  20
( )
w0 L x1 w0 3 w
V =−
20
+
∫ 0 L
x dx1 = 0 3 5x14 − L4
3 1
20L
w0 
5 ( L − x ) − L4  W
4
or V = 3 
20 L  
Note: V = 0 at x1 = 5−1/ 4 L = 0.6687 L
or x = 0.3313 L
( )
x1 w0
M =0+
∫ 0 20L3
5x14 − L4 dx1
=
w0
20L3
(
x15 − L4 x1 )
w0 
( L − x ) − L4 ( L − x )  W
5
or M = 3 
20L  
M max = M at x1 = 0.6687 L, x = 0.331 L W
M max = 0.0267 w0 L2 W
(a) ΣM C = 0: ( 395 − 215 ) N ⋅ m + ( 0.1 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.2 m )

FBD section AC:
− ( 0.2 m )VA = 0, VA = 1000 N
ΣM B = 0: 395 N ⋅ m + ( 0.45 m )(1 kN/m )( 0.4 m )
− ( 0.65 m )(1 kN ) + ( 0.25 m ) P = 0
FBD whole: P = 0.3 kN, P = 300 N W

(b)
ΣFy = 0: 1000 N − 400 N − 300 N − Q = 0
Q = 300 N W
Shear Diag:
Starting at 1000 N, V decreases with slope − 1000 N/m to 600 N at D, drops

300 N and is constant to B where it drops 300 N to zero.
Moment Diag:
Starting at − 395 N ⋅ m, M increases with decreasing slope to −395 N ⋅ m

 1000 + 600 
+ N ( 0.4 m ) = − 75 N ⋅ m at D, then increases with slope 300 N
 2 
to zero at B.
(a) ΣM C = 0: ( 395 − 215) N ⋅ m − ( 0.2 m ) Ay

FBD section AC: + ( 0.1 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.2 m ) = 0
A y = 1000 N
ΣM B = 0: 395 N ⋅ m + ( 0.325 m )(1000 N/m )( 0.65 m )
(b) + ( 0.25 m ) P = 0 − ( 0.65 m )(1000 N ) = 0

FBD Whole: P = 175.0 N W
ΣFy = 0: 1000 N − 175 N − Q − (1000 N/m )( 0.65 m ) = 0
Q = 175.0 N W
Shear Diag:
V starts at 1000 N, and has slope − 1000 N/m throughout, but with drops of
175 N at D and B.
Moment Diag:
M starts at − 395 N ⋅ m and increases with decreasing slope to − 295 N ⋅ m
 1000 + 600 
+ N ( 0.4 m ) = − 75 N ⋅ m at D. There is a discontinuity in slope,
 2 
 425 + 175 
and M increases by  N  ( 0.25 m ) to zero at B.
 2 
(a) ΣM C = 0: 2.7 kN ⋅ m − ( 0.2 m ) Ay = 0, A y = 1.35 kN

FBD AC:
ΣM D = 0: ( 0.2 m ) Dy − 2.5 kN ⋅ m = 0, D y = 1.25 kN
ΣM C = 0: − ( 2 m )(1.35 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 0.4 kN/m )( 4 m ) − ( 4 m ) Q
+ ( 6 m )(1.25 kN ) = 0, Q = 0.4 kN
FBD AB:
Q = 400 N W
ΣFy = 0: 1.35 kN − P − ( 0.4 kN/m )( 4 m ) − 0.4 kN + 1.25 kN = 0
P = 0.6 kN
(b) P = 600 N W
FBD Whole: Shear Diag:
V is constant at 1.35 kN from A to C, drops 0.6 kN, then decreases with
slope –0.4 kN/m ( −1.6 kN ) to − 0.85 kN at D, drops 0.4 kN to
−1.25 kN, and is constant to B.
V = 0 where 0.75 kN – (0.4 kN/m)x = 0, x = 1.875 m.
Moment Diag:
From zero at A, M increases with slope 1.35 kN to 2.70 kN ⋅ m at C, the
slope drops to 0.75 kN and then decreases to zero at E, where
1
M = 2.7 kN ⋅ m + ( 0.75 kN )(1.875 m ) = 3.403 kN ⋅ m. This curve
2
1
continues to D where M = 3.403 kN ⋅ m − ( 0.85 kN )( 2.125 m )
2
= 2.50 kN ⋅ m, then M decreases with slope −1.25 kN to zero at B.
(a) ΣM C = 0: 2.7 kN ⋅ m − (1.35 m ) Ay = 0, A y = 2 kN

FBD AC:
ΣM D = 0: 2.5 kN ⋅ m − ( 2 m ) By = 0, B y = 1.25 kN
ΣM C = 0: ( 6.65 m )(1.25 kN ) − ( 4.65 m ) Q
− ( 2.325 m )( 0.4 kN/m )( 4.65 m ) − (1.35 m )( 2 kN ) = 0
FBD DB: Q = 0.27699 kN
Q = 277 N W
ΣFy = 0: 2 kN − P − 0.277 kN − ( 0.4 kN/m )( 4.65 m ) + 1.25 kN = 0
P = 1.113 kN W
(b)
Shear Diag:
FBD Whole:
V is constant at 2 kN from A to C, drops 1.113 kN to 0.887 kN, then decreases
with slope − 0.4 kN/m to 0.887 kN − ( 0.4 kN/m ) ( 4.65 m )
= − 0.973 kN, drops 0.277 kN to −1.25 kN and is constant to B.
V = 0 where 0.887 kN − ( 0.4 kN/m ) x = 2.2175 m at E .
Moment Diag:
Starting from zero, M increases with slope 2 kN to 2.7 kN ⋅ m at C. The
slope drops to 0.887 kN and decreases to zero at E where M = 2.7 kN
1
+ ( 0.887 kN )( 2.2175 m ) = 3.68 kN ⋅ m. This curve continues to D
2
where M = 2.5 kN ⋅ m, then M decreases linearly to zero at B.
ΣM A = 0: ( 5 m ) Dy − ( 4 m )( 2.25 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 3 kN ) = 0
FBD Cable:
D y = 3 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 3 kN − 2.25 kN + 3 kN = 0
A y = 2.25 kN
Point D: ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Dx = 0, Ax = Dx (1)
Since Ax = Dx and Dy > Ay , TCD is Tmax
3
ΣFy = 0: 3 kN − TCD = 0 TCD = 5 kN
5
4
ΣFx = 0: − ( 5 kN ) + Dy = 0 D x = 4 kN
5
Point A: From(1), A x = 4 kN
dB 2.25 kN
= (a ) d B = 1.125 m W
2m 4 kN
(b) A x = 4.00 kN W
A y = 2.25 kN W
(c) Tmax = 5.00 kN W
FBD Cable: ΣM A = 0: ( 5 m ) Dy − ( 4 m )( 2.25 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 3 kN ) = 0

D y = 3 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 3 kN − 2.25 kN + 3 kN = 0
A y = 2.25 kN
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Dx = 0 Ax = Dx
Since Ax = Dx , and Dy > Ay , Tmax is TCD = 3.6 kN

Point D:
dC 1m 1 + dC2
= =
3 kN Dx 3.6 kN
1.2 dC = 1 + dC2 ,
1.44 dC2 = 1 + dC2
Point A: dC = 1.50756 m
1 m 
Also Dx = 3 kN   = 1.98997 kN = Ax
 dC 
dB 2m
= (a) d B = 2.26 m W
2.25 kN 1.9900 kN
(b) dC = 1.508 m W
ΣM A = 0: 4aE y − 3a (1.2 kips ) − 2a ( 0.8 kips ) − a ( 0.4 kips ) = 0

FBD Cable:
E y = 1.4 kips
ΣFy = 0: AY − ( 0.4 + 0.8 + 1.2 kips ) + 1.4 kips = 0
A y = 1.0 kips
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Ex = 0, Ax = Ex
Since Ax = Ex and E y > Ay , Tmax = TDE
FBD CDE:
ΣM C = 0: ( 30 ft )(1.4 kips ) − (12 ft ) Ex − (15 ft )(1.2 kips ) = 0
(a) E x = 2.00 kips W
E y = 1.400 kips W
(b) Tmax = TDE = 2.44 kips W
ΣM A = 0: 4aE y − 3a (1.2 kips ) − 2a ( 0.8 kips ) − a ( 0.4 kips ) = 0

FBD Cable:
E y = 1.4 kips
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 0.4 + 0.8 + 1.2 kips ) + 1.4 kips = 0
A y = 1.0 kips
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Ex = 0, Ax = Ex
Point E: Since Ax = Ex , and E y > Ay , Tmax = TDE
Ex = ( 5 kips )2 + (1.4 kips )2 = 4.8 kips
FBD CDE:
ΣM C = 0: ( 30 ft )(1.4 kips ) − dC ( 4.8 kips ) − (15 ft )(1.2 kips ) = 0

dC = 5.00 ft
(a) FBD Whole:

ΣM A = 0: (1.2 m ) Ex + ( 4 m ) E y − (1 m )(1.8 kN )
− ( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) − ( 3 m )(1.2 m ) = 0
1.2Ex + 4E y = 12.6 kN (1)
FBD CDE:
ΣM C = 0: ( 2 m ) E y − ( 0.6 m ) Ex − (1 m )(1.2 kN ) = 0
− 0.6Ex + 2E y = 1.2 kN (2)
Solving (1) and (2) E x = 4.25 kN
E y = 1.875 kN
(a) E = 4.65 kN 23.8°
(b) From FBD whole: ΣFx = 0 − Ax + 4.25 kN = 0 A x = 4.25 kN

AB: ΣFy = 0 Ay − 1.8 kN − 3.6 kN − 1.2 kN + 1.875 kN = 0
A y = 4.725 kN
ΣM B = 0: d B ( 4.25 kN ) − (1 m )( 4.725 kN ) = 0
d B = 1.112 m
DE:
ΣM D = 0: (1 m )(1.875 kN ) − ( d D − 1.2 m )( 4.25 kN ) = 0

d D = 1.641 m
ΣFy = 0: E y − 1.2 kN = 0 E y = 1.2 kN

FBD DE:
ΣM D = 0: (1 m )(1.2 kN ) − ( dC − 1.2 m ) Ex = 0 (1)
FBD Whole:
ΣM A = 0: (1.2 m ) Ex + ( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) − ( 3 m )(1.2 kN )
− ( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) − (1 m )(1.8 kN ) = 0
E x = 6.5 kN
(a) then, from (1) dC = 1.385 m
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 6.5 kN = 0 A x = 6.5 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 1.8 kN − 3.6 kN − 1.2 kN + 1.2 kN = 0
A y = 5.4 kN
So (b) A = 8.45 kN 39.7°
E = 6.61 kN 10.46°
FBD Cable: Hanger forces at A and F act on the supports, so A y and Fy act on the
cable.
ΣM F = 0: ( 6 ft + 12 ft + 18 ft + 24 ft )( 400 lb )
− ( 30 ft ) Ay − ( 5 ft ) Ax = 0
Ax + 6 Ay = 4800 lb (1)
FBD ABC:
ΣM C = 0: ( 7 ft ) Ax − (12 ft ) Ay + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0 (2)
Solving (1) and (2) A x = 800 lb
2000
Ay = lb
3
From FBD Cable: ΣFx = 0: − 800 lb + Fx = 0

FBD DEF:
Fx = 800 lb
2000
ΣFy = 0: lb − 4 ( 400 lb ) + Fy = 0
3
2800
Fy = lb
3
2
 2800 
Since Ax = Fx and Fy > Ay , Tmax = TEF = (800 lb ) 2
+ lb 
 3 
(a) Tmax = 1229.27 lb, Tmax = 1.229 kips
(12 ft ) 
2800 
ΣM D = 0: lb  − d D ( 800 lb ) − ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0
 3 
(b) d D = 11.00 ft
ΣM C = 0: (18 ft ) Fy − ( 9 ft ) Fy − ( 6 ft + 12 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0
FBD CDEF:
Fx − 2Fy = − 800 lb (1)
FBD Cable: ΣM A = 0: ( 30 ft ) Fy − ( 5 ft ) Fx − ( 6 ft )(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 )( 400 lb ) = 0

Fx − 6Fy = − 4800 lb (2)
Solving (1) and (2), Fx = 1200 lb , Fy = 1000 lb
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + 1200 lb = 0 , A x = 1200 lb

Point F:
ΣFy = 0: Ay + 1000 lb − 4 ( 400 lb ) = 0 , A y = 600 lb
Since Ax = Ay and Fy > Ay , Tmax = TEF
Tmax = (1 kip )2 + (1.2 kips )2

(a) Tmax = 1.562 kips
FBD DEF:
ΣM D = 0: (12 ft )(1000 lb ) − d D (1200 lb ) − ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) = 0

(b) d D = 8.00 ft
ΣM A = 0: ( 9 ft ) P − ( 6 ft )( 30 lb ) − a ( 20 lb ) = 0
FBD BC:
 20a 
P =  20 +  lb with a in ft. (1)
 9 
ΣFx = 0: − TAB x + P = 0 TAB x = P
ΣFy = 0: TAB y − 20 lb − 30 lb = 0 TAB y = 50 lb
TAB x a 50a
But = so P= (2)
TAB y 7 7
Solving (1) and (2), a = 4.0645 ft, P = 29.032 lb
(a) P = 29.0 lb
(b) a = 4.06 ft
FBD C:
ΣM B = 0: ( 2 ft )( 25 lb ) − ( 6 ft − a )( 30 lb ) = 0
13
a= ft
3
a = 4.33 ft
FBD BC:
( b + 2 ft )( 25 lb ) − ( 6 ft )( 30 lb ) − 
13 
ΣM A = 0: ft  ( 20 lb ) = 0
 3 
32
b= ft
3
b = 10.67 ft
12 3
ΣFx = 0: − TAB + TBC + 1.32 kN = 0
FBD B: 13 5
5 4
ΣFy = 0: TAB − TBC = 0
13 5
Solving: TAB = 2.08 kN, TBC = 1 kN
By inspection of A,
(a) A = 2.08 kN 22.6°

FBD C:
12 3
ΣFx = 0: TCD − (1 kN ) = 0 , TCD = 0.65 kN
13 5
4 5
ΣFy = 0: (1 kN ) + ( 0.65 kN ) − w = 0
5 13
w = 1.05 kN
w 1050 N
(b) m = = = 107.03 kg m = 107.0 kg
g 9.81 m/s 2
(c) From above TAB = 2.08 kN
TBC = 1.000 kN
TCD = 650 N
FBD C:
( )
W = mg = (150 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 1471.5 N = 1.4715 kN
12 3
ΣFx = 0: TCD − TBC = 0
13 5
5 4
ΣFy = 0: TCD + TBC − 1.4715 kN = 0
13 5
Solving: TCD = 0.91093 kN = 911 N, TBC = 1.40143 kN
FBD B: By inspection of D, (a) D = 911 N 22.6°
12 3
ΣFx = 0: P− TAB + (1.40143 kN ) = 0
13 5
5 4
ΣFy = 0: TAB − (1.40143 kN ) = 0, TAB = 2.91497 kN
13 5
(b) P = 1.850 kN
From above (c) TAB = 2.91 kN
TBC = 1.401 kN
TCD = 911 N
FBD E:
Ex Ey T
= = DE Ex = E y (1)
1 1 2
FBD CDE:
ΣM C = 0: ( 6.5 m ) E y − ( 4.2 m ) Ex − ( 3.5 m ) wD =0
35
2.3Ex = 3.5wD , Ex = E y = wD
23
35
ΣM B = 0: (8.1 m − 3 m )  
wD  − ( 5.1 m ) wD − (1.6 m ) wC = 0
 23 
wC = 1.66304wD , mC = 1.66304 mD
FBD B: (a) mC = 56.5 kg
4 5
ΣFx = 0: − TBC + Ex = 0, TBC = Ex
5 4
45  1 24
ΣFx = 0:  Ex  − TAB − TBF = 0
54  2 25
1 7 3 5 
ΣFy = 0: TAB − TBF −  Ex  = 0
2 25 5 4 
Ex 31 25
Solving: = TBF , TBF = Ex
4 25 124
25  35 
TBF =   wD = 0.30680wD
124  23 
wD = ( 34 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) (b) TBF = 102.3 N
FBD E: Ey
Ex
= Ex = E y
1 1
ΣM C = 0: ( 6.5 m ) E y − ( 4.2 m ) Ex − ( 3.5 m ) wD =0
35
2.3Ex = 3.5wD , Ex = E y = wD
FBD CDE: 23
35
ΣM B = 0: (8.1 m − 3 m ) wD − ( 5.1 m ) wD − (1.6 m ) wC = 0
23
wD = 0.60131 wC , mD = 0.60131 mC = 33.072 kg
(a) mD = 33.1 kg
4 5
ΣFx = 0: − TBC = Ex , TBC = Ex
5 4
Point B:
45  1 24
ΣFx = 0:  Ex  − TAB − TBF = 0
54  2 25
1 7 3 5 
ΣFy = 0: TAB − TBF +  Ex  = 0
2 25 5 4 
31 1 25
Solving: TBF = Ex , TBF = Ex
25 4 124
TBF =
25  35  25 35
 wD  =
124  23  124 23
( 33.072 kg ) 9.81 m/s2 ( )
(b) TBF = 99.5 N
(a) FBD half wire: Since h = 1.5 m L = 30 m we can approximate the load as evenly
distributed horizontally, and the length S = L.
 kg   N
W =  0.6   9.81  ( 30 m ) = 176.58 N
 m  kg 
ΣM B = 0: (15 m )(176.58 N ) − (1.5 m ) TC =0
TC = 1765.8 N
Tmax = TB = TC2 + W 2
Tmax = (1765.8 N )2 + (176.58 N )2 , Tmax = 177.5 kN
 2  yB 
2
2  yB 
4 
(b) 
S B = xB 1 +   −   + ...
 3  xB  5  xB  
 
 2  1.5 
2
2  1.5 
4 
= ( 30 m ) 1 +   −   + ... = 30.05 m S tot = 60.1 m
 3  30  5  30  
Note: the third term in the brackets is unnecessary
Half-cable FBDs:
T1x = T2 x to create zero horizontal force on tower → thus T01 = T02

FBD I: ΣM B = 0: (15 m )  w ( 30 m ) − h1T0 =0
h1 =
( 450 m ) w2
T0
FBD II: ΣM B = 0: ( 2 m ) T0 − (10 m )  w ( 20 m ) =0
T0 = (100 m ) w
(a) h1 =
( 450 m ) w = 4.50 m
2

(100 m ) w
FBD I: ΣFx = 0: T1x − T0 = 0
T1x = (100 m ) w
ΣFy = 0: T1y − ( 30 m ) w = 0
T1y = ( 30 m ) w
T1 = (100 m )2 + ( 30 m )2 w
(
= (104.4 m )( 0.4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 409.7 N
FBD II: ΣFy = 0: T2y − ( 20 m ) w = 0
T2y = ( 20 m ) w
T2 x = T1x = (100 m ) w
T2 = (100 m )2 + ( 20 m )2 w = 400.17 N
(b) T1 = 410 N
T2 = 400 N
*Since h L it is reasonable to approximate the cable weight as being distributed uniformly along the
horizontal. The methods of section 7.10 are more accurate for cables sagging under their own weight.
FBD half-span:
 2075 ft 
(a) ΣM B = 0:   ( 23032.5 kips ) − ( 464 ft ) T0 = 0
 2 
T0 = 47, 246 kips
Tmax = T02 + W 2 = ( 47, 246 kips )2 + ( 23, 033 kips )2 = 56, 400 kips
 2 y
2
2 y
4 
(b) s = x 1 +   −   + "
 3 x  5 x 
 2  464 ft 
2
2  464 ft 
4 
sB = ( 2075 ft ) 1 +   −   + "
 3  2075 ft  5  2075 ft  
sB = 2142 ft l = 2sB l = 4284 ft
FBD half-span: W = ( 9.75 kips/ft )(1750 ft ) = 17, 062.5 kips
ΣM B = 0: ( 875 ft )(17, 065 kips ) − ( 316 ft ) T0 = 0
T0 = 47, 246 kips
Tmax = T02 + W 2 = ( 47, 246 kips )2 + (17, 063 kips )2

(a) Tmax = 50, 200 kips
 2 y
2
2 y
4 
s = x 1 +   −   + "
 3 x  5 x 
 2  316 ft 
2
2  316 ft 
4 
sB = (1750 ft ) 1 +   −   + "
 3  1750 ft  5  1750 ft  
= 1787.3 ft
(b) l = 2sB = 3575 ft

*
To get 3-digit accuracy, only two terms are needed.
FBD pipe: neglecting friction
ΣM B = 0: r (Tmax − WB ) = 0, Tmax = WB = 60 lb
Assuming the weight to be evenly distributed horizontally, and

FBD half-cord: S=L
W = ( 0.02 lb/ft )( 75 ft ) = 1.5 lb
T0 = ( 60 lb )2 − (1.5 lb )2 = 59.981 lb
ΣM B = ( 37.5 ft )(1.5 lb ) − h ( 59.981 lb ) = 0
(a) h = 0.93780 ft, h = 11.25 in.
1.5 lb
(b) θ B = sin −1 = 1.43254°, θ B = 1.433°
60 lb
(a) FBD ship:
ΣFx = 0: T0 − 300 N = 0, T0 = 300 N

FBD half-span:*
Tmax = T02 + W 2 = ( 300 N )2 2

= ( 54 N ) = 305 N
L LW
(b) ΣM A = 0: hTx − W = 0, h=
4 4Tx
 2 
2 4 LW yA W
s = x 1 +   + L but yA = h = so =
 3 x  4Tx xA 2Tx
 2 
L 2  53.955 N 
( 2.5 m ) = 1 +   − L → L = 4.9732 m
2  3  600 N  
LW
So h = = 0.2236 m h = 224 mm
4Tx
*See note Prob. 7.103
 2 4 
2 y 2 y
s = x 1 +   −   + L
 3 x
  5  x 
 2 2 
2 h  2 h 
Knowing l = 2sTOT = L 1 +   −   + L
 3  L/2  5  L/2  
 
Winter:
 2 4 
2  386 ft  2  386 ft 
lw = ( 4260 ft ) 1 +   −   + L = 4351.43 ft
 3  2130 ft  5  2130 ft  
Summer:
 2 4 
2  394 ft  2  394 ft 
ls = ( 4260 ft )  1 +   −   + L = 4355.18 ft
 3  2130 ft  5  2130 ft  
∆l = ls − lw = 3.75 ft
FBD whole: ΣM D = 0: ( 2m ) TAx − ( 5 m )( 98.1 + 147.15) N = 0

TAx = 1103.6 N
FBD half-cable: ΣFx = 0: T0 − TAx = 0, T0 = 1103.6 N
ΣFy = 0: TAy = 49.05 N = 0, TAy = 49.05 N
ΣM A = 0: h (1103.6 N ) − ( 2.5 m )( 49.05 N ) = 0
h = 0.11111 m
(a) h = 111.1 mm
TAy 49.05
(b) θ = tan −1 = tan −1 = 2.5449°, θ = 2.54°
TAx 1103.6
FBD AB:
ΣM A = 0: (1100 ft ) TBy − ( 496 ft ) TBx − ( 550 ft )W =0
11TBy − 4.96TBx = 5.5W (1)
FBD CB:
W
ΣM C = 0: ( 550 ft ) TBy − ( 278 ft ) TBx − ( 275 ft ) =0
2
11TBy − 5.56TBx = 2.75W (2)
Solving (1) and (2) TBy = 28,798 kips

Solving (1) and (2) TBx = 51, 425 kips
TB y
Tmax = TB = TB2x + TB2y , tan θ B =
TBx
So that (a) Tmax = 58,900 kips
(b) θ B = 29.2°
w 2
Eqn: y= x
Cable profile: 2T0
xB − x A = 45 in.
w
at A: 4 in. = ( xB − 45 in.)2 (1)
2T0
w 2
at B: 1 in. = xB (2)
2T0
∴
( xB − 45 in.)2 =4
xB2
or xB2 + 30 xB − 675 = 0
xB = ( −15 ± 30 ) in. xB = 15 in.
x A = xB − 45 in. x A = − 30 in.
(a) lowest point (x = 0) is 30 in. from A

wxB2 1  0.18 lb 
 (15 in.)
2
From (2), T0 = = 
2 2  12 in. 
T0 = 1.6875 lb
Tmax occurs at A where slope is maximum
(1.6875 lb )2 + 
0.18 lb 
Tmax = T02 + ( wx A ) =  ( − 30 in.) = 1.74647 lb
2 2
 12 in. 
(b) Tmax = 1.747 lb
a b
ΣM A = 0: y AT0 − wa = 0 ΣM B = 0: − yBT0 + wb = 0
2 2
wa 2 wb 2
yA = yB =
2T0 2T0
d = ( yB − yB ) =
w 2
2T0
(
b − a2 )
2 2
But T0 = TB2 − ( wb ) = Tmax
2
− ( wb )
( ) ( )
2
∴ ( 2d )2 Tmax
2 2
− ( wb ) 

= w2 b 2 − a 2 = L2 w2 4b 2 − 4 Lb + L2
 T2 
or ( )
4 L2 + d 2 b 2 − 4 L3b +  L4 − 4d 2 max
w2
 = 0
 
Using L = 6 m, d = 0.9 m, Tmax = 8 kN, (

w = ( 85 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s2 = 833.85 N/m)
yields b = ( 2.934 ± 1.353) m, b = 4.287 m ( since b > 3 m )
(a) a = 6 m − b = 1.713 m
2
2
T0 = Tmax − ( wb ) = 7156.9 N
yA wa yB wb
= = 0.09979, = = 0.24974
xA 2T0 xB 2T0
 2   2 
2  yA  2  yB 
l = s A + sB = a 1 +   + L + b 1 +   + L
 3  xA    3  xB  
   
 2 2  2 2
= (1.713 m ) 1 + ( 0.09979 )  + ( 4.287 m ) 1 + ( 0.24974 )  = 6.19 m
 3   3 
(b) l = 6.19 m
x
ΣM P = 0: wx − yT0 = 0
2
Geometry: wx 2 y wx
y = so =
2T0 x 2T0
and d = yB − y A =
2T0
(
w 2
b − a2 )
Also
 2  yA  
2  2  yB  
2
FBD Segment: l = s A + sB a 1 +    + b 1 +   
 3  a    3  b  
2  y A  y  
2 2
w2 3
l−L   +  B   =
3  a   b   6T02
a + b3 ( )

4d 2
2 3
2d a +b (3
)
=
1
(a 3
+b 3
) =
( ) ( )
2
6 b2 − a 2 3 b2 − a 2 2
Using l = 6.4 m, L = 6 m, d = 0.9 m, b = 6 m − a, and solving for a,

knowing that a < 3 ft
a = 2.2196 m (a) a = 2.22 m
Then T0 =
w 2
2d
(
b − a2 )
And with (
w = ( 85 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 833.85 N/m )
And
b = 6 m − a = 3.7804 m T0 = 4338 N
Tmax = TB = T02 + ( wb )
2
= ( 4338 N )2 + (833.85 N/m )2 ( 3.7804 m )2

Tmax = 5362 N (b) Tmax = 5.36 kN
FBD Cable: ΣM B = 0: LACy + aT0 − ΣM B loads = 0 (1)
(Where ΣM B loads includes all applied loads)
 x
ΣM C = 0: xACy −  h − a  T0 − ΣM C left = 0 (2)
 L
FBD AC: (Where ΣM C left includes all loads left of C)
x x
(1) − ( 2 ): hT0 − ΣM B loads + ΣM C left = 0 (3)
L L
ΣM B = 0: LABy − ΣM B loads = 0 (4)
FBD Beam:
ΣM C = 0: xABy − ΣM C left − M C = 0 (5)
x x
( 4 ) − ( 5): − ΣM B loads + ΣM C left + M C = 0 (6)
L L
FBD AC:
Comparing (3) and (6) M C = hT0 Q.E.D.
FBD Beam: ΣM D = 0: (1 m )( 2.25 kN ) + ( 3 m )( 3 kN ) − ( 5 m ) ABy = 0

A By = 2.25 kN
ΣFy = 0: 2.25 kN − 3 kN − 2.25 kN + DBy = 0
D By = 3 kN
FBD AB: ΣM B = 0: M B − ( 2 m )( 2.25 kN ) = 0, M B = 4.5 kN ⋅ m
Note, since A and D are in line horizontally, ACy = A By and DCy = D By .
Also, since Dy > Ay , Tmax = TCD = 3.6 kN
2
T0 = TCD 2
− DCy = ( 3.6 kN )2 − ( 3 kN )2
Cable:
T0 = 3.96 kN
M B 4.5 kN ⋅ m
dB = = = 2.2613 m
T0 3.96 kN
d B = 2.26 m
FBD Beam: ΣM E = 0: (1 m )(1.2 kN ) + ( 2 m )( 3.6 kN ) + ( 3 m )(1.8 kN )

− ( 4 m ) ABy = 0 A By = 3.45 kN
ΣFx = 0: ABx = 0
FBD AB:
ΣM B = 0: M B − (1 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0, M B = 3.45 kN ⋅ m
FBD AC:
ΣM C = 0: M C + (1 m )(1.8 kN ) − ( 2 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0
M C = 5.1 kN ⋅ m
ΣM D = 0: M D + (1 m )( 3.6 kN ) + ( 2 m )(1.8 kN ) − ( 3 m )( 3.45 kN ) = 0

FBD AD:
M D = 3.15 kN ⋅ m
hC = dC − 0.6 m = 1.8 m − 0.6 m = 1.2 m
M C 5.1 kN ⋅ m
T0 = = = 4.25 kN
hC 1.2 m
M B 3.45 kN ⋅ m
hB = = = 0.81176 m
Cable: T0 4.25 kN
d B = hB + 0.3 m = 1.11176 m, d B = 1.112 m

M D 3.15 kN ⋅ m
hD = = = 0.74118 m
T0 4.25 kN
d D = hD + 0.9 m = 1.64118 m, d D = 1.641 m
FBD Beam: ΣFx = 0: ABx = 0
By symmetry A By = FBy = 800 lb
FBD AC:
ΣM C = 0: M C + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) − (12 ft )( 800 lb ) = 0
M C = 7200 lb ⋅ ft
By symmetry, M D = M C = 7200 lb ⋅ ft
∴ hC = hD
Cable:
hC = dC − 3 ft = 12 ft − 3 ft = 9 ft
d D = hD + 2 ft = 9 ft + 2 ft = 11 ft
d D = 11.00 ft
FBD Beam:
ΣFx = 0: ABx = 0
By symmetry A By = FBy = 800 lb
FBD AC:
ΣM C = 0: M C + ( 6 ft )( 400 lb ) − (12 ft )( 800 lb ) = 0
M C = 7200 lb ⋅ ft
By symmetry, M D = M C = 7200 lb ⋅ ft
∴ hC = hD
Cable:
hC = dC − 3 ft = 9 ft − 3 ft = 6 ft
d D = hD + 2 ft = 6 ft + 2 ft = 8 ft
d D = 8.00 ft
FBD Elemental segment: ΣFy = 0: Ty ( x + ∆x ) − Ty ( x ) − w ( x ) ∆ x = 0
Ty ( x + ∆x ) Ty ( x ) w( x)
So − = ∆x
T0 T0 T0
Ty dy
But =
T0 dx
dy dy
−
dx x + ∆x dx x w( x)
So =
∆x T0
d2y w( x)
In lim : 2
= Q.E.D.
∆x → 0 dx T0
πx
w ( x ) = w0 cos
L
From Problem 7.119
d2y w ( x ) w0 πx
2
= = cos
dx T0 T0 L
dy W0 L πx  dy 
So = sin  using = 0
dx T0π L  dx 0 
w0 L2  πx
y = 2 
1 − cos   using y ( 0 ) = 0 
T0π  L  
L w L2  π w0 L2
But y   = h = 0 2 1 − cos  so T0 =
2 T0π  2 π 2h
w0 L2
And T0 = Tmin so Tmin =
π 2h
TBy dy w0 L
Tmax = TA = TB : = =
T0 dx x = L2 T0π
w0 L
TBy =
π
2
2 w0 L  L 
TB = TBy + T02 = 1+  
π πh 
Elemental Segment:
w0
Load on segment* w ( x ) dx = ds
cos 2 θ
w0
But dx = cosθ ds, so w( x) =
cos3 θ
d2y w( x) w0
From Problem 7.119 = =
dx 2
T0 T0 cos3 θ
d2y d  dy  d dθ
In general 2
=  = ( tan θ ) = sec2 θ
dx dx  dx  dx dx
dθ w0 w0
So = =
dx T0 cos θ sec θ
3 2
T0 cosθ
T0
or cosθ dθ = dx = rdθ cosθ
w0
T0
Giving r = = constant. So curve is circular arc Q.E.D.
w0
*For large sag, it is not appropriate to approximate ds by dx.
FBD half-span: ( )
w = ( 0.07 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 0.6867 N/m
L = 10 m
12 m
SCB = =6m
2
xB 5m
SCB = c sinh , 6 m = c sinh
c c
Solving numerically, c = 4.6954 m
xB  5m 
yB = c cosh = ( 4.6954 m ) cosh   = 7.6188 m
c  4.6954 m 
hB = yB − c = 7.6188 m − 4.6954 m = 2.9234 m
(a) hB = 2.92 m
TB = wyB = ( 0.6867 N/m )( 7.6188 m ) = 5.2318 N
(b) TB = 5.23 N
120 lb
sB = 30 ft, w= = 2 lb/ft
60 ft
L
hB = 24 ft, xB =
2
yB2 = c 2 + sB2 = ( hB + c )
2
= hB2 + 2chB + c 2
c=
sB2 − hB2
=
( 30 ft ) − ( 24 ft )
2 2
2hB 2 ( 24 ft )
c = 6.75 ft
xB s
Then sB = c sinh → xB = c sinh −1 B
c c
 30 ft 
xB = ( 6.75 ft ) sinh −1   = 14.83 ft
 6.75 ft 
(a) L = 2 xB = 29.7 ft
Tmax = TB = wyB = w ( c + hB ) = ( 2 lb/ft )( 6.75 ft + 24 ft ) = 61.5 lb
(b) Tmax = 61.5 lb
FBD half-span: S B = 250 ft

w = 2.8 lb/ft
hB = 125 ft
yB = hB + c = 125 ft + c
yB2 − sB2 = c 2 (125 ft − c )2 − ( 250 ft )2 = c 2

c = 187.5 ft
xB xB
sB = c sinh , 250 ft = (187.5 ft ) sinh
c c
xB 4
= sinh −1 = 1.0986, xc = 205.99 ft
c 3
(a) span L = 2 xB = 411.98 ft L = 412 ft
(b) Tmax = wyB = ( 2.8 lb/ft )(125 ft + 187.5 ft ) = 875 lb
Tmax = 875 lb
FBD half-span:
sB = 65 m, hB = 30 m
( )
w = ( 3.4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 33.35 N/m
yB2 = c 2 + sB2
( c + hB )2 = c 2 + sB2
2 2
c=
sB2 − hB2
=
( 65 m ) − ( 30 m )
2hB 2 ( 30 m )
= 55.417 m
xB s  65 m 
Now sB = c sinh → xB = c sinh −1 B = ( 55.417 m ) sinh −1  
c c  55.417 m 
= 55.335 m
L = 2 xB = 2 ( 55.335 m ) = 110.7 m
Tmax = wyB = w ( c + hB ) = ( 33.35 N/m )( 55.417 m + 30 m ) = 2846 N
Tmax = 2.85 kN
FBD Cable:
 30 m 
s = 30 m  so sB = = 15 m 
 2 
( )
w = ( 0.3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 2.943 N/m
hB = 12 m
yB2 = ( c + hB ) = c 2 + s 2B
2
sB2 − hB2
So c=
2hB
c=
(15 m )2 − (12 m )2 = 3.375 m
2 (12 m )
xB s  15 m 
Now sB = c sinh → xB = c sinh −1 B = ( 3.375 m ) sinh −1  
c c  3.375 m 
xB = 7.4156 m
P = T0 = wc = ( 2.943 N/m )( 3.375 m ) (a) P = 9.93 N
L = 2 xB = 2 ( 7.4156 m ) (b) L = 14.83 m
FBD Cable:
sT = 30 m, ( )
w = ( 0.3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 2.943 N/m
P
P = T0 = wc, c=
w
30 N
c= = 10.1937 m
2.943 N/m
yB2 = ( hB + c ) = c 2 + sB2
2
30 m
h 2 + 2ch − sB2 = 0, sB = = 15 m
2
h 2 + 2 (10.1937 m ) h − 225 m 2 = 0
h = 7.9422 m (a) h = 7.94 m

xA s  15 m 
sB = c sinh → xB = c sinh −1 B = (10.1937 m ) sinh −1  
c c  10.1937 m 
= 12.017 m
L = 2 xB = 2 (12.017 m ) (b) L = 24.0 m
FBD half-span: 3.6 w

xD = = 1.8 m
2
 kg  m
w =  3.72  9.81 2  = 36.4932 N/m
 m  s 
length 3.8 m
sD = = = 1.9 m
2 2
xD 1.8 m
sD = c sinh 1.9 m = c sinh
c c
yD2 = (1.9 m ) + ( 3.1433 m )

2 2
yD2 − sD2 = c 2
yD = 3.6729
h = yD − c = 3.6729 m − 3.1433 m = 0.5296 m
h = 0.530 m
(a) h = 530 mm
 N
TDx = wc =  36.4932  ( 3.1433 m ) = 114.71 N
 m
(b) TDx = 114.7 N
FBD half-span: 90 m
sB = = 45 m
2
L 60 m
xB = = = 30 m
2 2
TB = Tmax = 300 N
xB 30 m
sB = c sinh , 45 m = c sinh
c c
xB  30 m 
yB = c cosh = (18.495 m ) cosh  
c  18.495 m 
= 48.651 m
hB = yB − c = 48.651 m − 18.495 m = 30.156 m
(a) h = 30.2 m
Tmax = wyB 300 N = w ( 48.651 m )
N
w = 6.1664
m
 N
W = w ( length ) =  6.1664  ( 90 m ) = 554.97 N
 m
W 554.97 N
m= = = 56.57 kg
g 9.81 m/s 2
(b) m = 56.6 kg
45 ft
sB = = 22.5 ft L = 20 ft
2
L
xB = = 10 ft
2
xB
sB = c sinh
c
10 ft
22.5 ft = c sinh
c
Solving numerically: c = 4.2023 ft
xB
yB = c cosh
c
10 ft
= ( 4.2023 ft ) cosh = 22.889 ft
4.2023 ft
hB = yB − c = 22.889 ft − 4.202 ft
hB = 18.69 ft
l = total length
xB L/2
yB = c cosh , L + c = c cosh
c c
L L
or 1 = cosh −
2c c
L
Solving numerically, = 4.933
c
xB l L
sB = c sinh = c sinh
c 2 2c
l 10 ft
So c= = = 0.8550 ft
 L  4.933 
2sinh   2sinh  
 2c   2 
L = 4.933 c = ( 4.933)( 0.8550 ft ) = 4.218 ft
(a) L = 4.22 ft
x dy x
from y = c cosh = sinh
c dx c
dy L  4.933 
tan θ B = = sinh = sinh   = 5.848
dx B 2c  2 
(b) θ B = 80.3°
( )
w = ( 3 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 29.43 N/m
L = 48 m, Tmax ≤ 1800 N
Tmax
Tmax = wyB → yB =
w
1800 N
yB ≤ = 61.162 m
29.43 N/m
48 m
x
yB = c cosh B , 61.162 m = c cosh 2 *
c c
h = yB − c = 61.162 m − 55.935 m
h = 5.23 m
*Note: There is another value of c which will satisfy this equation. It is much smaller, thus corresponding to a
much larger h.
Pulley B:
TB = wa
but TB = wyB , so yB = a
xB
now yB = c cosh =a
c
3 ft
So a = c cosh (1)
c
xB
also sB = c sinh
c
24 ft − a 3 ft
= c sinh
2 c
3 ft a
or 12 ft = c sinh + (2)
c 2
3 ft c 3 ft
= c sinh + cosh
c 2 c
Solving numerically c = 1.13194 ft
or 17.7167 ft
3 ft 3 ft
from (1) a = c cosh = (1.13194 ft ) cosh
c 1.13194 ft
a = 8.05 ft
 3 ft 
or a = (17.7167 ft ) cosh  
 17.7167 ft 
a = 17.97 ft
s A = length = 10 ft
FBD Cable:
ΣFx = 0: − F + T0 = 0, F = T0
xA a h
y A = c + h = c cosh = c cos h = c cosh
c c c
h h
So 1+ = cosh
c c
h
Solving numerically, = 1.61614
c
h
s A = c sinh = c sinh (1.61614 ) = 2.41748c = 10 ft
c
So c = 4.1365 ft, h = 6.6852 ft
y A = c + h = 10.8217 ft
 20 lb 
F = T0 = wc =   ( 4.1365 ft ) = 8.2730 lb
 10 ft 
(a) F = 8.27 lb
(b) h = a = 6.69 ft
 lb 
Tmax = wy A =  2  (10.8217 ft ) = 21.643 lb
 ft 
(c) Tmax = 21.6 lb
FBD Cable: Pulley
TA = mg = Tmax
 m
mg = ( 40 kg )  9.81 2  = 392.4 N
 s 
Also L = 15 m, h=5m
15 m
So x A = − = − 7.5 m, xB = + 7.5 m
2
xA
y A = c cosh =c+h
c
− 7.5 m
So c cosh =c+5m
c
xB  7.5 m 
sB = c sinh = ( 6.3175 m ) sinh   = 9.390 m
c  6.3175 m 
(a) cable length = 2sB = 18.78 m
Tmax = wyB = w ( c + h ) = w ( 6.3175 m + 5 m )
392.4 N
w= = 34.672 N/m
11.3175 m
w 34.672 N/m kg
(b) mass/length = = = 3.53
g 9.81 N/kg m
xD
yD = c cosh
c
a
h + c = c cosh
c
 10.8 ft 
12 ft = c  cosh − 1
 c 
Solving numerically, c = 6.2136 ft
10.8 ft
Then yB = ( 6.2136 ft ) cosh = 18.2136 ft
6.2136 ft
F = Tmax = wyB = (1.5 lb/ft )(18.2136 ft )
F = 27.3 lb
xD
yD = c cosh
c
a
c + h = c cosh
c
 a 
h = c  cosh − 1
 c 
 18 ft 
12 ft = c  cosh − 1
 c 
Solving numerically c = 15.162 ft
yB = h + c = 12 ft + 15.162 ft = 27.162 ft
F = TD = wyD = (1.5 lb/ft )( 27.162 ft ) = 40.74 lb
F = 40.7 lb
( )
w = 4 kg/m 9.81 m/s 2 = 39.24 N/m
P 800 N
P = T0 = wc, c= =
w 39.24 N/m
c = 20.387 m
x
y = c cosh
c
dy x
= sinh
dx c
dy −a a
tan θ = − = − sinh = sinh
dx −a c c
a = c sinh −1 ( tan θ ) = ( 20.387 m ) sinh −1 ( tan 60° )
a = 26.849 m
a 26.849 m
y A = c cosh = ( 20.387 m ) cosh = 40.774 m
c 20.387 m
b = y A − c = 40.774 m − 20.387 m = 20.387 m

So (a) B is 26.8 m right and 20.4 m down from A
a 26.849 m
s = c sinh = ( 20.387 m ) sinh = 35.31 m
c 20.387 m
(b) s = 35.3 m
( )
w = ( 4 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 39.24 N/m
P 600 N
P = T0 = wc c= =
w 39.24 N/m
c = 15.2905 m
x dy x
y = c cosh , = sinh
c dx c
dy −a a
At A: tan θ = − = − sinh = sinh
dx −a c c
So a = c sinh −1 ( tan θ ) = (15.2905 m ) sinh −1 ( tan 60° ) = 20.137 m

a
yB = h + c = c cosh
c
 a 
h = c  cosh − 1
 c 
 20.137 m 
= (15.2905 m )  cosh − 1
 15.2905 m 
= 15.291 m
So (a) B is 20.1 m right and 15.29 m down from A
a 20.137 m
s = c sinh = (15.291 m ) sinh = 26.49 m
c 15.291 m
(b) s = 26.5 m
Cable:
xA xB
Since y A = c cosh , yB = c cosh
c c
and xB − x A = 8 m ( xA < 0 )
xA
( c + 0.5 m ) = c cosh
c
xB 
( c + 1.2 m ) = c cosh  
 c 
 1.2 m  −1  0.5 m  8 m
cosh −1 1 +  + cosh 1 + =
 c   c  c
  0.5 m  
So x A = cosh −1  1 +   ( 9.9987 m )
  9.9987 m  
= 3.15 m
(a) C is 3.15 m from house
Tmax = TB = wyB
 kg   N
=  2.1   9.81  (1.2 m + 9.9987 m )
 m  kg 
= 230.7 N
(b) Tmax = 231 N
−a
y A = c cosh = c + 6 ft
c
 6 ft 
a = c cosh −1 1 + 
 c 
b
yB = c cosh = c + 11.4 ft
c
 11.4 ft 
b = c cosh −1 1 + 
 c 
  6 ft  −1  11.4 ft  
So a + b = c cosh −1 1 +  + cosh 1 +   = 36 ft
  c   c 
Solving numerically, c = 20.446 ft
 11.4 ft 
b = ( 20.446 ft ) cosh −1 1 +  = 20.696 ft
 20.446 ft 
(a) C is 20.7 ft left of and 11.4 ft below B
 20.696 ft 
Tmax = wyB = ( 0.3 lb/ft )( 20.446 ft ) cosh   = 9.554 lb
 20.446 ft 
(b) Tmax = 9.55 lb
dy x
(a) tan θ = = sinh
dx c
x
s = c sinh = c tan θ, Q.E.D.
c
(b) Also y 2 = s2 + c2 , ( cosh x = sinh

2 2
)
x +1
So y2 = c2 ( tan θ + 1) = c sec θ
2 2 2
And y = c secθ , Q.E.D.
TB = Tmax = wyB
xB L  2c  L
= wc cosh = w   cosh
c 2 L  2c
L wL
Let ξ = so Tmax = cosh ξ
2c 2ξ
dTmax wL  1 
=  sinh ξ − cosh ξ 
dξ 2ξ  ξ 
1
For min Tmax , tanh ξ − =0
ξ
Solving numerically ξ = 1.1997
wL
(Tmax )min = cosh (1.1997 ) = 0.75444wL
2 (1.1997 )
Tmax T
(a) Lmax = = 1.3255 max
0.75444w w
If ( )
Tmax = 32 kN and w = ( 0.34 kg/m ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 3.3354 N/m
32.000 N
Lmax = 1.3255 = 12 717 m
3.3354 N/m
(b) Lmax = 12.72 km
L
ymax = c cosh =h+c
2c
Tmax
Tmax = wymax , ymax =
w
80 lb
ymax = = 40 ft
2 lb/ft
9 ft
c cosh = 40 ft
c
Solving numerically, c1 = 2.6388 ft
c2 = 38.958 ft
h = ymax − c
h1 = 40 ft − 2.6388 ft h1 = 37.4 ft
h2 = 40 ft − 38.958 ft h2 = 1.042 ft
Tmax = wyB = 2wsB
y B = 2sB
L L
c cosh = 2c sinh
2c 2c
L 1
tanh =
2c 2
L 1
= tanh −1 = 0.549306
2c 2
hB y −c L
= B = cosh −1
c c 2c
= 0.154701
hB hB /c
=
L 2( L/2c)
0.5 ( 0.154701)
= = 0.14081
0.549306
hB
= 0.1408
L
L
(a) Tmax = wyB = wc cosh
2c
dTmax  L L L
= w  cosh − sinh 
dc  2c 2c 2c 
dTmax
For min Tmax , =0
dc
L 2c L
tanh = = 1.1997
2c L 2c
yB L
= cosh = 1.8102
c 2c
h y
= B − 1 = 0.8102
c c
h  1 h  2c   0.8102 h
=   = = 0.3375 = 0.338
L  2 c  L   2 (1.1997 ) L
L Tmax L y
(b) T0 = wc, Tmax = wc cosh , = cosh = B
2c T0 2c c
Tmax
But T0 = Tmax cosθ B , = secθ B
T0
y 
So θ B = sec−1  B  = sec−1 (1.8102 )
 c 
= 56.46° θ B = 56.5°
yB  2c  L  L
Tmax = wyB = w    = w (1.8102 )
c  L  2  2 (1.1997 )
Tmax = 0.755wL
FBD AB: 4  3 
ΣM A = 0: r  C  + r  C  − 2r ( 70 lb ) = 0
 5  5 
C = 100 lb
4
ΣFx = 0: − Ax + (100 lb ) = 0
5
A x = 80 lb
3
ΣFy = 0: Ay + (100 lb ) − 70 lb = 0
5
A y = 10 lb
FBD AJ: ΣFx′ = 0: F − ( 80 lb ) sin 30° − (10 lb ) cos30° = 0
F = 48.66 lb
F = 48.7 lb 60°
ΣFy′ = 0: V − ( 80 lb ) cos30° + (10 lb ) sin 30° = 0
V = 64.28 lb
V = 64.3 lb 30°
ΣM 0 = 0: ( 8 in.)( 48.66 lb ) − (8 in.)(10 lb ) − M = 0
M = 309.28 lb ⋅ in.
M = 309 lb ⋅ in.
FBD Whole:
ΣM A = 0: ( 5.4 ft ) Bx − ( 7.8 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
B x = 130 lb
ΣM E = 0: ( 5.4 ft )(130 lb ) − ( 7.2 ft ) By

FBD BE with pulleys and
cord: + ( 4.8 ft )( 90 lb ) − ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
B y = 150 lb
ΣFx = 0: Ex − 130 lb = 0
E x = 130 lb
ΣFy = 0: E y + 150 lb − 90 lb − 90 lb = 0
E y = 30 lb
4 3
ΣFx′ = 0: − F − 90 lb + (130 lb ) + ( 90 lb − 30 lb ) = 0
5 5
F = 50.0 lb
FBD JE and pulley:
3 4
ΣFy′ = 0: V + (130 lb ) + ( 30 lb − 90 lb ) = 0
5 5
V = −30 lb V = 30.0 lb
ΣM J = 0: − M + (1.8 ft )(130 lb ) + ( 2.4 ft )( 30 lb ) + ( 0.6 ft )( 90 lb )
− ( 3.0 ft )( 90 lb ) = 0
M = 90.0 lb ⋅ ft
FBD Rod:
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
2r 2W
ΣM B = 0: W − rAy = 0 Ay =
π π
30° W
α = 15°, weight of segment = W =
90° 3
FBD AJ:
r r
r = sin α = sin15° = 0.9886r
α π /12
2W W
ΣFy′ = 0: cos 30° − cos30° − F = 0
π 3
W 3  2 1
F=  − 
2 π 3
 2W  W
ΣM 0 = M + r  F −  + r cos15° =0
 π  3
M = 0.0557 Wr
(a) Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: − 3 kip − V = 0 V = −3 kips
ΣM J = 0: M + x ( 3 kips ) = 0 M = ( 3 kips ) x
M = −9 kip ⋅ ft at C
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: − 3 kips − 5 kips − V = 0 V = −8 kips
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 3 ft )( 5 kips ) + x ( 3 kips ) = 0
M = +15 kip ⋅ ft − ( 8 kips ) x

M = −16.2 kip ⋅ ft at D ( x = 3.9 ft )
Along DE:
ΣFy = 0: − 3 kips − 5 kips + 6 kips − V = 0
V = −2 kips
ΣM L = 0: M − x1 ( 6 kips ) + (.9 ft + x1 )( 5 kips )
+ ( 3.9 ft + x1 )( 3 kips ) = 0
M = −16.2 kip ⋅ ft − ( 2 kips ) x1
M = −18.6 kip ⋅ ft at E ( x1 = 1.2 ft )

continued
Along EB:
ΣFy = 0: −3 kips − 5 kips + 6 kips − 4 kips − V = 0 V = −6 kips
ΣM N = 0: M + ( 4 kips ) x2 + ( 2.1 ft + x2 )( 5 kips )
+ ( 5.1 ft + x2 )( 3 kips ) − (1.2 ft + x2 )( 6 kips ) = 0
M = −18.6 kip ⋅ ft − ( 6 kips ) x2
M = −33 kip ⋅ ft at B ( x2 = 2.4 ft )

= 8.00 kips on CD
M max
= 33.0 kip ⋅ ft at B
(a) By symmetry:
1
Ay = B = 8 kN + ( 4 kN/m )( 5 m ) A y = B = 18 kN
2
Along AC:
ΣFy = 0: 18 kN − V = 0 V = 18 kN
ΣM J = 0: M − x (18 kN ) M = (18 kN ) x
M = 36 kN ⋅ m at C ( x = 2 m )
Along CD:
ΣFy = 0: 18 kN − 8 kN − ( 4 kN/m ) x1 − V = 0
V = 10 kN − ( 4 kN/m ) x1
V = 0 at x1 = 2.5 m ( at center )
x1
ΣM K = 0: M + ( 4 kN/m ) x1 + (8 kN ) x1 − ( 2 m + x1 )(18 kN ) = 0
2
M = 36 kN ⋅ m + (10 kN/m ) x1 − ( 2 kN/m ) x12
M = 48.5 kN ⋅ m at x1 = 2.5 m
Complete diagram by symmetry
From diagrams: V max
= 18.00 kN on AC and DB
(b)
M max
= 48.5 kN ⋅ m at center
By symmetry: Ay = B = 60 kN − P
Along AC:
ΣM J = 0: M − x ( 60 kN − P ) = 0 M = ( 60 kN − P ) x
M = 120 kN ⋅ m − ( 2 m ) P at x = 2 m
Along CD:
ΣM K = 0: M + ( x − 2 m )( 60 kN ) − x ( 60 kN − P ) = 0
M = 120 kN ⋅ m − Px
M = 120 kN ⋅ m − ( 4 m ) P at x = 4 m
Along DE:
ΣM L = 0: M − ( x − 4 m ) P + ( x − 2 m )( 60 kN )
− x ( 60 kN − P ) = 0
M = 120 kN ⋅ m − ( 4 m ) P (const)
Complete diagram by symmetry
For minimum M max
, set M max = −M min
120 kN ⋅ m − ( 2 m ) P = − 120 kN ⋅ m − ( 4 m ) P 
P = 40.0 kN
(a)
M min = 120 kN ⋅ m − ( 4 m) P M max
= 40.0 kN ⋅ m
(b)
FBD Beam:
ΣM A = 0: ( 4 m ) B − (1 m )( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) − M =0
M
B = 10 kN +
4m
(a) B = 10 kN
(a) (b) B = 13 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) + B = 0
Ay = 40 kN − B
(a) A y = 30 kN
(b) A y = 27 kN
Shear Diags:
 dV 
VA = Ay , then V is linear  = −20 kN/m  to C.
 dx 
VC = Ay − ( 20 kN/m )( 2 m ) = Ay − 40 kN
(b)
(a) VC = −10 kN
(b) VC = −13 kN
Ay m
V = 0 = Ay − ( 20 kN/m ) x1 at x1 =
20 kN
(a) x1 = 1.5 m
(b) x1 = 1.35 m
V is constant from C to B.
continued
Moment Diags:
 dM 
M A = applied M . Then M is parabolic  decreases with V 
 dx 
1
M is max where V = 0. M max = M + Ay x1.
2
1
(a) M max
= ( 30 kN )(1.5 m ) = 22.5 kN ⋅ m
2
1.500 m from A
1
(b) M max = 12 kN ⋅ m + ( 27 kN )(1.35 m ) = 30.225 kN ⋅ m
2
M max
= 30.2 kN, 1.350 m from A
1
M C = M max − VC ( 2 m − x1 )
2
(a) M C = 20 kN ⋅ m
(b) M C = 26 kN ⋅ m
 dM 
Finally, M is linear  = VC  to zero at B.
 dx 
(b)  x  1 
(a) Distributed load w = w0 1 −   total = w0 L 
 L   2 
L 1  w0 L
ΣM A = 0:  w0 L  − LB = 0 B=
3 2  6
1 wL w0 L
ΣFy = 0: Ay − w0 L + 0 = 0 Ay =
2 6 3
Shear:
w0 L
VA = Ay = ,
3
dV x  x
Then
dx
= − w → V = VA − ∫0 w0 1 − L  dx
w L 1 w0 2  1 x 1  x 2 
V =  0  − w0 x + x = w0 L  − +   
 3  2 L  3 L 2  L  
w0 L
Note: At x = L, V = − ;
6
2
x x 2 x 1
V = 0 at   − 2   + = 0 → =1−
L
  L
  3 L 3
Moment:
M A = 0,
 dM  x x/L x x

Then  =V → M =
 dx 
∫0 Vdx = L∫0 V  d  
L L
x / L 1
2
x 1 x  x
M = w0 L2 ∫  − +   d 
0  3 L 2 L   L 
 1  x  1  x  2 1  x 3 
M = w0 L2    −   +   
 3  L  2  L  6  L  
continued
 x 1 2
M max  at =1−  = 0.06415w0 L
 L 3 
 1 x 1  x 2 
(a) V = w0 L  − +   
 3 L 2  L  
 1  x  1  x  2 1  x 3 
M = w0 L2    −   +   
 3  L  2  L  6  L  
(c) M max = 0.0642 w0 L2

at x = 0.423L
( Lx − x ) dx = 0
L 4w0
∫0
2
(a) ΣFy = 0: wg L −
L2
4w0  1 2 1 3  2 2w0
wg L =  LL − L  = w0 L wg =
L2  2 3  3 3
x dx  x  x 2  2
Define ξ = so dξ = → net load w = 4w0  −    − w0
L L  L  L   3
 1 
or w = 4w0  − + ξ − ξ 2 
 6 
ξ  1 2
V = V(0) − ∫ 0 4w0 L  − 6 + ξ − ξ  dξ

1 1 1 
= 0 + 4w0 L  ξ + ξ 2 − ξ 3 
6 2 3 
V =
2
3
(
w0 L ξ − 3ξ 2 + 2ξ 3 )
ξ
M = M0 +
x 2
∫ 0 Vdx = 0 + 3 w0 L ∫ 0
2
(ξ − 3ξ 2
)
+ 2ξ 3 dξ
=
2
3
1 1  1
w0 L2  ξ 2 − ξ 3 + ξ 4  = w0 L2 ξ 2 − 2ξ 3 + ξ 4
2 2  3
( )
1
(b) Max M occurs where V = 0 → 1 − 3ξ + 2ξ 2 = 0 → ξ =
2
 1 1 1 2 1  w L2
M  ξ =  = w0 L2  − +  = 0
 2 3  4 8 16  48
w0 L2
M max = at center of beam
48
(a) FBD cable:

ΣM E = 0: ( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) + (8 m )( 0.8 kN ) + (12 m )(1.2 kN )
− ( 3 m ) Ax − (16 m ) Ay = 0
3 Ax + 16 Ay = 25.6 kN (1)
ΣM C = 0: ( 4 m )(1.2 kN ) + (1 m ) Ax − ( 8 m ) Ay = 0
Ax − 8 Ay = −4.8 kN (2)
FBD ABC:
Solving (1) and (2) Ax = 3.2 kN Ay = 1 kN
So A = 3.35 kN 17.35°
(b) cable: ΣFx = 0: − Ax + Ex = 0
Ex = Ax = 3.2 kN
ΣFy = 0: Ay − (1.2 + 0.8 + 1.2 ) kN + E y = 0
E y = 3.2 kN − Ay = ( 3.2 − 1) kN = 2.2 kN
So E = 3.88 kN 34.5°
FBD AC: FBD CB:
a
ΣM A = 0: (13.5 ft ) T0 − ( 57.5 lb/ft ) a = 0
2
( )
T0 = 2.12963 lb/ft 2 a 2
60 ft − a
ΣM B = 0: ( 57.5 lb/ft )( 60 ft − a ) − ( 6 ft ) T0 = 0
2
( )
6T0 = 28.75 lb/ft 2 3600 ft 2 − (120 ft ) a + a 2  (2)
Using (1) in (2), 0.55a 2 − (120 ft ) a + 3600 ft 2 = 0
Solving: a = (108 ± 72 ) ft, a = 36 ft (180 ft out of range)
So C is 36 ft from A
(a) C is 6 ft below and 24 ft left of B
T0 = 2.1296 lb/ft 2 ( 36 ft ) = 2760 lb

2
W1 = ( 57.5 lb/ft )( 36 ft ) = 2070 lb
(b) Tmax = TA = T02 + W12 = ( 2760 lb )2 + ( 2070 lb )2 = 3450 lb
4 lb
sB = 100 ft, w= = 0.02 lb/ft
200 ft
Tmax = 16 lb
Tmax = TB = wyB
TB 16 lb
yB = = = 800 ft
w 0.02 lb/ft
c 2 = yB2 − sB2
c= (800 ft )2 − (100 ft )2 = 793.73 ft
xB y
But yB = xB cosh → xB = c cosh −1 B
c c
 800 ft 
= ( 793.73 ft ) cosh −1   = 99.74 ft
 793.73 ft 
L = 2 xB = 2 ( 99.74 ft ) = 199.5 ft

Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

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Chapter 7, Solution 1.: Fbd Frame: 0: M Σ = 0.3 m 0.4 m 900 N 0 D− = 1200 N ∴ = D

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

FBD JEHDF: ΣFx = 0: 1200 N + V = 0

FBD FRAME: ΣM A = 0: ( 0.95 m )( 480 N ) − ( 0.25 m ) Dx = 0,

FBD ABC: Note: BE is a two-force member

Then, from (1) above, Dy = − 480 N

ΣFx = 0: F − 1824 N = 0 F = 1.824 kN

FBD sect. CJ: ΣFx = 0: 90 2 N − F = 0 F = 127.3 N

ΣFy = 0: −126 2 N + V = 0 V = 178.2 N

Note: AC is a two-force member, resolve FAC at C:

FBD sect. AB: 3 7

FBD Frame: Note: AB is a two-force member, so

From (1) above, A y = 52.0 lb

ΣM J = 0: M − (10 in.)( 52 lb ) = 0 M = 520 lb ⋅ in.

Note: AB is a two-force member

ΣM K = 0: ( 5 in.)(124.8 lb ) − (12 in.)( 26 lb ) − M =0

Note: Cut is just left of contact with ground.

FBD sect. BJ:

ΣFx′ = 0: (12 lb ) cos 30° + (12 lb ) sin 30° − V =0

ΣM J = 0: ( 4 in.) sin 30° (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 − cos 30° )(12 lb ) − M =0

Chapter 7, Solution 10.

ΣΜ J = 0: ( 4 in.) sin θ (12 lb ) + ( 4 in.)(1 − cosθ )(12 lb ) − M =0

M = ( 48 lb ⋅ in.)(1 − cosθ + sin θ ) (1)

(only θ = 135° is on ring) θ = 135°

(b) ΣFy′ = 0: F + (12 lb ) cosθ − (12 lb ) sin θ = 0 θ = 135°, so

F = 16.97 lb@135° F = 16.97 lb 45°

ΣFx′ = 0: (12 lb ) cosθ + (12 lb ) sin θ −V = 0 θ = 135°, V = 0

From (1) above, M = ( 48 lb ⋅ in.)(1 − cos135° + sin135° ) = 115.88 lb ⋅ in.

Chapter 7, Solution 11.

ΣΜ C = 0: (16.2 in.)(120 lb ) − (13.5 in.) By =0

FBD CJ: ΣFy′ = 0: F + ( 50.25 lb ) cos30° − ( 90.0 lb ) sin 30° = 0

ΣFx′ = 0: V − ( 90 lb ) cos 30° + ( 50.25 lb ) sin 30° = 0

ΣM O = 0: (8.4 in.)( 50.25 lb + 1.482 lb ) − M =0

Chapter 7, Solution 12.

ΣFx′ = 0: (144 lb − 120 lb ) sin 30° − F = 0

ΣFy′ = 0: (144 lb − 120 lb ) cos 30° − V =0

ΣΜ O = 0: (8.4 in.)(12 lb − 144 lb ) + (11.1 in.)(120 lb ) − M =0

Chapter 7, Solution 13.

ΣFy′ = 0: ( 6 kN ) sin19.799° − (1.8 kN ) cos19.799° − V =0

V = 0.3387 kN V = 339 N 70.2°

ΣM J = 0: ( 0.48 m )(1.8 kN ) − ( 0.0864 m )( 6 kN ) − M =0

Chapter 7, Solution 14.

Chapter 7, Solution 15.

FBD Frame with pulley and cord:

ΣM J = 0: M + ( 0.6 m )( 360 N ) + (1.2 m )( 560 N )

Chapter 7, Solution 16.

FBD Frame with pulleys and cord:

ΣM B = 0: (1.8 m ) Ax − ( 2.0 m )( 360 N ) − ( 2.6 m )( 360 N ) = 0

ΣM E = 0: ( 2.4 m ) Ay − (1.8 m )( 360 N ) = 0

ΣFy = 0: − 270 N + 360 N − V = 0

ΣM K = 0: (1.6 m )( 270 N ) − (1.0 m )( 360 N ) − M =0

Chapter 7, Solution 17.

FBD Frame: ΣM A = 0: (1 m ) Dy − ( 2.675 m )( 360 N ) = 0

FBD DEF: ΣM F = 0: (1 m )( 963 N ) − ( 2.4 m ) Dx − ( 0.125 m )( 360 N ) = 0

Chapter 7, Solution 18.

ΣM A = 0: ( 3.75 m ) ( 360 N ) cos 7.8153°

( 360 N ) − ( 360 N ) cos  7.8153° + tan −1  = 0

F = 462.8 N F = 463 N 53.1°

Chapter 7, Solution 19.

FBD Frame and pipe:

W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb

ΣM A = ( 24 in.) Cx − (12.6 in.)185 lb = 0

Chapter 7, Solution 20.

W = (10 ft )(18.5 lb/ft ) = 185 lb