‫)‪Soil Mechanics Discussion.

(LCIV 3051‬‬

‫‪Chapter (3) Weight-Volume Relationships‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎول هﺬا اﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺧﻮاث اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻠﺰم اﻹﻟﻤﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ و اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ و أن اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت ﺳﻮف ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻄﺮق ﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﻼل هﺬا اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
‫إن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮهﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮاد ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﺎدة ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺎﻻت ‪ ،‬و هﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ‪Solid‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺒﻴﺒﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ‪ ،‬و اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ ‪ Liquid‬و ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﺎت أو ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻔﺮاﻏﺎت‪ ،‬و اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎزﻳﺔ ‪ Gas‬ﻣﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻮاء أو أي ﻏﺎزات أﺧﺮى ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺮاﻏﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺎء‪.‬‬

‫)‪(Soil Volumes and Weights Relationship‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﻋﻼﻗﺎت أﺣﺠﺎم و أوزان اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‬

‫‪Soil Mechanics , Spring 2010‬‬ ‫‪Eng. Ramy Salem‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
 W = Ww + Ws
V = Vs + Vw + Va
Vv = Vw + Va
V = Vs + Vv

Definitions

Void ratio (e) is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of
solids.
Vv n
e= e=
Vs 1− n
Porosity (n) is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids to the total
volume.
Vv e
n= n=
V 1+ e

The degree of saturation (S) is defined as the ratio of the volume of the
water to the volume of the voids.

Vw
S=
Vv

Mw
• Moisture Content (w) w=
Ms
W
• Unit Weight (γ) γ=
V
• Dry Unit Weight (γd) γ
γd =
1+ w

Soil Mechanics , Spring 2010 Eng. Ramy Salem

 
More importa
ant formulas :

See
e Table (3..1) page 53
5

Notte: the unitt weight off water ( ) is equal to

t 9.81 KN N/m3
62.4 Ib/fft3

Soill Mechanicss , Spring 20

010 Eng. Ram
my Salem
 
Question (3.9) (Text Book page 79)
For a given soil : . , . , . %
Find: (a) Dry Unit Weight (γd)
(b) Void ratio (e)
(c) Porosity (n)
(d) The degree of saturation (S)
(e) Find the required weight of water to be added so that S=80%
(VT = 1m3)

Solution
.
a γ 15.88
.

. .
b . .

.
c 0.393
.

. .
(d) . %
.

(e)

At irst case : w 10.8%

γ 15.88 15.88 W 15.88 1 15.88

W 10.8
W 0.108 15.88 1.715
W 100
At second case : S 80%
. . 2.67 0.194
Ww 0.194*15.88 3.08 KN
∆ 3.08 1.715 1.365

Soil Mechanics , Spring 2010 Eng. Ramy Salem