RESEARCH PAPER

IN ENGLISH IV
SUBMITTED BY:

ACE JOSEPH CAVITEÑO

YEAR AND SECTION:

IV-WISDOM

SUBMITTED TO:

MS. MARILYN TAMUNDONG

TITLE PAGE:

GROUP WORK EFFECTIVENESS IN SCHOOL STUDIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

TITLES PAGES

ABSTRACT…………………………….………………………………………4

OBJECTIVES………………………….………………………….……………5

INTRODUCTION………………….………………………………………….…5

BODY……………………….………………………………………….……….9

BACKGROUND………………………………………………………………...10

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY…………………………………………….....…10

MATERIALS AND METHODS…………………………………………….....11

DEFINITION OF TERMS……………………………………………………...12

FINDINGS……………………………………………………………………....13

RECOMMENDATIONS………………………………………………………..14

BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………….…14
ABSTRACT:

Some jobs always require another to get it done, that started group working, which is an

interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers working on new research activities that would be

difficult to develop under traditional funding mechanisms (e.g. federal agencies). The lifespan of

the WG can last anywhere between a few months and several years. Such groups have the

tendency to develop a quasi-permanent existence once the assigned task is accomplished; hence

the need to disband (or phase out) the WG once it has provided solutions to the issues for which

it was initially convened.

The nature of the working group may depend on the group's raison d’être — which may

be technical, artistic (specifically musical), or administrative in nature.

It is imperative for the participants to appreciate and understand that the working group is

intended to be a forum for cooperation and participation. Participants represent the interests and

views of stakeholders from disparate sectors of the community which happen to have a vested

interest in the results of the WG. Therefore, maintaining and strengthening communication lines

with all parties involved is essential (this responsibility cuts both ways — stakeholders are

expected to share what information, knowledge and expertise they have on the issue.)

Programmers developed should be evaluated by encouraging community input and support; this

will ensure that such programmers meet the community's vision for its future. The WG should
also regularly seek community feedback on their projects. Apropos questions to be asked during

such meetings include

And I will also discuss the effectiveness of group working in school studying, or study

strategies are approaches applied to learning. They are generally critical to success in school, are

considered essential for acquiring good grades, and are useful for learning throughout one's life.

There are arrays of study skills, which may tackle the process of organizing and taking in new

information, retaining information, or dealing with assessments. They include mnemonics, which

aid the retention of lists of information, and effective note taking.

While often left up to the student and their support network, study skills are increasingly taught

at High School and University level. A number of books and websites are available, from works

on specific techniques such as Buzau’s books on mind-mapping, to general guides to successful

studying.

More broadly, any skill which boosts a person's ability to study and pass exams can be termed a

study skill, and this could include time management and motivational techniques.

Study Skills are discrete techniques that can be learned, usually in a short time, and applied to all

or most fields of study. They should therefore be distinguished from strategies that are specific to

a particular field of study e.g. music or technology, and from abilities inherent in the student,

such as aspects of intelligence or learning style.

OBJECTIVES:

 To show the effects of group working

 To indentify the effects of group work

 To find out the behavior of students when doing group work

 To enhance the learning capacity of the students

 To apply the idea of having a stronger group

INTRODUCTION:

The term study skills are used for general approaches to learning, rather than skills for

specific courses of study. There are many theoretical works on the subject, and a vast number of

popular books and websites. Manuals for students have been published since the 1940s

In the 1950s and 1960s, college instructors in the fields of psychology and the study of education

used research, theory, and experience with their own students in writing manuals. Marvin Cohn

based the advice for parents in his 1979 book Helping Your Teen-Age Student on his experience

as a researcher and head of a university reading clinic that tutored teenagers and young adults In

1986, when Dr. Gary Gruber’s Essential Guide to Test Taking for Kids was first published, the

author had written 22 books on taking standardized tests. A work in two volumes, one for upper
elementary grades and the other for middle school, the Guide has methods for taking tests and

schoolwork.

This is beneficial in group working in school, this lead the way in improving group

working, The Interagency Working Group on Youth Programs is a group within the executive

branch of the U.S. government, and is responsible for promoting achievement of positive results

for at-risk youth. The Working Group also engages with national, state, local and tribal agencies

and organizations, schools, and faith-based and community organizations serving youth.[1]

Membership of the Working Group includes staff from twelve Federal agencies that support

programs and services that target youth. The Working Group was formally established by

Executive Order 13459, Improving the Coordination and Effectiveness of Youth Programs, on

February 7, 2008.[2]

The Working Group has developed a new Federal Interagency Website on Youth:

FindYouthInfo.gov. This website houses Federally-developed interactive tools and other

resources to help youth-serving organizations and community partnerships.

The Interagency Working Group on Youth Programs is responsible for promoting

achievement of positive results for at-risk youth through three key activities:

Create and support a new Federal Interagency Website on Youth to help interested citizens and

decision-makers plan, implement, and participate in effective programs for at-risk youth;

Identify and disseminate promising and effective strategies and practices that support youth; and
Promote enhanced collaboration at the Federal, State, and local level, as well as with faith-based

and community organizations, schools, families, and communities.

The Working Group also engages with national, state, local and tribal agencies and

organizations, schools, and faith-based and community organizations serving youth.

The Interagency Working Group on Youth Programs seeks to develop additional strategies, tools

and resources accessible through the Federal website that will help promote effective

community-based efforts that address youth risk and protective factors. A searchable database

will provide visitors of the new Federal Interagency Website on Youth with information about

program designs that successfully deal with risky behaviors. Communities can determine

whether replicating these strategies will meet local needs.

The Interagency Working Group on Youth Programs has developed a new Federal Interagency

Website on Youth (FindYouthInfo.gov), which houses Federally-developed interactive tools and

other resources to help youth-serving organizations and community partnerships. The new

Federal Interagency Website on Youth will benefit Federal agencies, youth service providers,

and the youth-serving community. The tools and resources available on the website include

resources to assist communities and others with Key elements of effective partnerships,

including strategies for engaging youth; Helpful community assessment tools; Mapping tools

that generate maps of local and Federal youth programs; Searchable database of evidence-based

programs to address risk and protective factors in youth; and High-quality Federal publications

and web links on youth issues. Beginning in the spring of 2009, the website will be expanded to
include strategic planning tools, interactive resources to support community partnerships, and

other features.

There are different steps in doing school work; the weakness with rote learning is that it

implies a passive reading or listening style. Educators such as John Dewey have argued that

students need to learn critical thinking - questioning and weighing up evidence as they learn.

This can be done during lectures or when reading books.

A student studies for his final exams using the PQRST method.

One method used to focus on key information when studying from books is the PQRST method.

This method prioritizes the information in a way that relates directly to how they will be asked to

use that information in an exam. PQRST is an acronym for Preview, Question, Read, Summary,

and Test. Preview: the student looks at the topic to be learned by glancing over the major

headings or the points in the syllabus. Question: then questions to be answered once the topic has

been thoroughly studied are formulated .Read: reference material related to the topic is read

through, and the information that best relates to the questions is chosen. Summary: the student

summarizes the topic, bringing his or her own ways of summarizing information into the process,

including written notes, spider diagrams, flow diagrams, labeled diagrams, mnemonics, or even

voice recordings. Test: then the student answers the questions created in the question step as

fully as possible, avoiding adding questions that might distract or change the subject.

This is vital in studying in group like groups in doing visual imagery. Some learners are

thought to have a visual learning style, and will benefit greatly from taking information from
their studies which is often heavily verbal and using visual techniques to help encode and retain

it in memory.

Some memory techniques make use of visual memory, for example the method of loci, a system

of visualizing key information in real physical locations e.g. around a room.

Diagrams are often underrated tools. They can be used to bring all the information together and

provide practice reorganizing what has been learned in order to produce something practical and

useful. They can also aid the recall of information learned very quickly, particularly if the

student made the diagram while studying the information. Pictures can then be transferred to

flash cards that are very effective last minute revision tools rather than rereading any written

material.

BODY:

A good work requires effective team building which has good leadership, loyal members,

clear communication and direct action. They solve problems as a group with their goal setting at

knowing the problem and finding the solution. They find effective solutions and hypothesis. A

group finds solutions that work.

In utilizing the effectiveness of a group, strong management is required. He or she must

be an able leader who knows how to solve the problem and wisely utilizes assets and resources.

Strong membership is also required which has members that follow which contributes to the

solution and is also talented.

 In making a group, identifying their strengths in the number and skill of members is

required. A group must be aware of the problem which knows the problem and the solution. A

leader must identify the members by their characteristics, knowing their strengths, and finds

ways to solve their deficiencies. All of them must strategize in overcoming their deficiencies by

knowing their weakness and knowing their limitations. They must assess their decision making

by planning steps, implementing rules, and establishing ideas in solving problem.

The character of a strong group is defined by its leadership. A leader must be a hands-on

worker which communicates well with members, implements rules well, sets as a good example,

and characterizes members by their talent, weakness and strengths. The membership of a group

also defines the group. A member must be loyal to the group, contributes to the solution, shows

strengths and overcomes weaknesses

The characteristics of a group in school studies is that is leadership leads to efficiency

making better solutions to problems and less time to solve them. It also increases their

interpersonal skills by showcasing their talents, improving leadership, and enhanced

communication.

The pros and cons of group working in school have many factors to consider. The pros of

group working are improving the character of the students, shorten the time for solving, and

enhance skills of students to learn. The cons of group working are that it lowers self- reliance in

school, no self dependency, and inability to work alone.

The helpfulness of group working in school to the teachers is they can teach good

communication skills, they will have efficiency of good grades, and lack of cheating. The
helpfulness to the student is that they will have the ability to learn more and the chance of self-

expression. Its helpfulness to the principal or discipline head is the better control of the students

and the implementation of good manners and conduct.

BACKGROUND OF STUDY:

I chose this topic because I want to show the different things to improve in school studies

such as using flash cards and mnemonic techniques. It is imperative for the participants to

appreciate and understand that the working group is intended to be a forum for cooperation and

participation. Participants represent the interests and views of stakeholders from disparate sectors

of the community which happen to have a vested interest in the results of the WG. Therefore,

maintaining and strengthening communication lines with all parties involved is essential (this

responsibility cuts both ways — stakeholders are expected to share what information, knowledge

and expertise they have on the issue.)

Programmes developed should be evaluated by encouraging community input and

support; this will ensure that such programmes meet the community's vision for its future. The

WG should also regularly seek community feedback on their projects

I chose this topic to inform the public the mechanics of a working group, The WG may assemble

experts (and future experts) on a topic together for intensive work. It is not an avenue for briefing

novices about the subject matter. Occasionally, a group might admit a person with little

experience and a lot of enthusiasm. However, such participants should be present as observers

and in the minority.

Working groups are also referred to as task groups or technical advisory groups.
A working group is similar as to an action group, in sociology and anthropology, an action group

or task group is a group of people joined temporarily to accomplish some task or take part in

some organized collective action.

As an example, imagine that in a hypothetical culture, four bridesmaids are traditionally selected

to play a role in a wedding ceremony, and eligibility to be chosen as a bridesmaid is dependent

on being a young, female relative of the bride. Several people may fall into this social category:

they have no automatic entitlement to the role but are eligible to assume it if chosen. Most

members of the category who could theoretically be bridesmaids at the wedding are not selected.

There are no criteria relating to kinship, age, or other such status that necessitate this, but for

simpler reasons of practicality or chance four members of the category are chosen, and it is these

who form the action group.

As the members of the action group are brought together on a single occasion and then disband,

they cannot be regarded as constituting a fully-fledged social group, for which they would need

to interact recurrently in accordance with their social identities.

In Cuba and elsewhere in Latin America, the word "action group" (grupo de acción) was

given to violent activists who gathered together to perform violent guerrilla activities e.g. (see

Antonio Guiteras, Fidel Castro, Emilio Tro, Lauro Blanco and Rolando Masferrer when young

university students). Commonly regarded as gang-related killing there were said to have been

200 of these killings in the Grau administration alone.

I am also to inform the public that a group that is efficient and fast must have a great

management and an even greater membership.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY:

The importance of my research is that people may understand the meaning of a working

group; a working group is an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers working on new

research activities that would be difficult to develop under traditional funding mechanisms (e.g.

federal agencies). The lifespan of the WG can last anywhere between a few months and several

years. Such groups have the tendency to develop a quasi-permanent existence once the assigned

task is accomplished; hence the need to disband (or phase out) the WG once it has provided

solutions to the issues for which it was initially convened. Such goals to be achieved may include

creation of an informational document; creation of a standard, or resolution of problems related

to a system or network.

The working group may assemble experts (and future experts) on a topic together for

intensive work. It is not an avenue for briefing novices about the subject matter. Occasionally, a

group might admit a person with little experience and a lot of enthusiasm. However, such

participants should be present as observers and in the minority.

Working groups are also referred to as task groups or technical advisory groups.

My report is also tells about the use of group working in school, A school is an institution

designed for the teaching of students (or "pupils") under the supervision of teachers. Most

countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems,

students progress through a series of schools. The names for these schools vary by country

(discussed in the Regional section below), but generally include primary school for young

children and secondary school for teenagers who have completed primary education. An
institution where higher education is taught is commonly called a university college or

university.

In addition to these core schools, students in a given country may also attend schools before and

after primary and secondary education. Kindergarten or pre-school provide some schooling to

very young children (typically ages 3–5). University, vocational school, college or seminary may

be available after secondary school. A school may also be dedicated to one particular field, such

as a school of economics or a school of dance. Alternative schools may provide nontraditional

curriculum and methods.

There are also non-government schools, called private schools. Private schools may be for

children with special needs when the government does not supply for them; religious, such as

Christian schools, hawses’, yeshivas, and others; or schools that have a higher standard of

education or seek to foster other personal achievements. Schools for adults include institutions of

corporate training and Military education and training.

And lastly, my research paper applies the mechanics of a working group in school

studying. More work is done in less time if more and more students are doing works by group.

Thus this proves that teachers should endorse students to do group assignments and group

research because of its efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of the students. More

students working together mean more minds working at the same time.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

 In researching for the effects of group working, the effects of group work and the

behavior of students when doing group work, I have used the internet and some books found

at home.

To know the learning capacity of the students I have interviewed a teacher which

knows many ways on how to improve the listening and reciting skills of her students.

To apply the idea of having a stronger group, I will ask my teachers to assign us an

activity which requires group working and this will help us in getting better grades by means

of sharing and discovering new ideas by simply listening and working with each other.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

Institution is any structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the

behavior of a set of individuals within a given human community. Institutions are identified with

a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with

the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior

Student is a learner, or someone who attends an educational institution. In some nations,

the English term (or its cognate in another language) is reserved for those who attend university,

while a schoolchild under the age of eighteen is called a pupil in English (or an equivalent in

other languages). In its widest use, student is used for anyone who is learning.

Teacher (or, in the US, educator) is a person who provides schooling for pupils and

students. A teacher who facilitates education for an individual student may also be described as a
personal tutor. The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out by way of occupation

or profession at a school or other place of formal education.

Education in the largest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the

mind, character or physical ability of an individual. In its technical sense, education is the

process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values

from one generation to another.

Compulsory education refers to a period of educational attendance required of all

persons, normally between certain ages, such as six to sixteen years, and/or up to a certain grade

level.

A primary school (from French école primaire) is an institution in which children

receive the first stage of compulsory education known as primary or elementary education.

Primary school is the preferred term in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth Nations,

and in most publications of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

(UNESCO).[2] In some countries, and especially in North America, the term elementary school is

preferred. Children generally attend primary school from around the age of four or five until the

age of eleven or twelve.

Secondary school is a term used to describe an educational institution where the final

stage of schooling, known as secondary education and usually compulsory up to a specified age,

takes place. It follows elementary or primary education, and may be followed by university

(tertiary) education.
 University College is used in a number of countries to denote college institutions that

provide tertiary education but do not have full or independent university status. A university

college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.

Higher, post-secondary, or third level education refers to the level of education that is

provided at academies, universities, colleges, seminaries, institutes of technology, and certain

other collegiate-level institutions, such as vocational schools, trade schools, and career colleges,

that award academic degrees or professional certifications.

Kindergarten (help info) (German, literally means "children's garden") is a form of

education for young children that serves as a transition from home to the commencement of

more formal schooling. Another definition, which overlaps with early childhood education and

preschool, is education for pre- and emergent-literate children before the age of 6 or 7

Alternative school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular the United

States) to describe an institution which provides part of alternative education. It is an educational

establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. These schools have a

special curriculum offering a more flexible program of study than a traditional school.

The Interagency Working Group on Youth Programs is a group within the executive

branch of the U.S. government, and is responsible for promoting achievement of positive results

for at-risk youth. The Working Group also engages with national, state, local and tribal agencies

and organizations, schools, and faith-based and community organizations serving youth.

Homeschooling or home school (also called home education or home learning) is the

education of children at home, typically by parents but sometimes by tutors, rather than in other
formal settings of public or private school. Although prior to the introduction of compulsory

school attendance laws, most childhood education occurred within the family or community

E-learning comprises all forms of electronically supported learning and teaching. The

information and communication systems, whether networked or not, serve as specific media to

implement the learning process.[1] The term will still most likely be utilized to reference out-of-

classroom and in-classroom educational experiences via technology, even as advances continue

in regard to devices and curriculum.

Christian school is a school run on Christian principles or by a Christian organization.

The nature of Christian schools varies enormously from country to country, according to the

religious, educational, and political cultures. In some countries, there is an established church

whose teachings form an integral part of the state-operated educational system; in others, the

state subsidizes religious schools of various denominations.

History of education is the history of teaching and learning. Each generation, since the

beginning of human existence, has sought to pass on cultural and social values, traditions,

morality, religion and skills to the next generation.[1] The passing on of culture is also known as

enculturation and the learning of social values and behaviors is socialization. The history of the

curricula of such education reflects human history itself, the history of knowledge, beliefs, skills

and cultures of humanity.

Training and development is the field concerned with organizational activity aimed at

bettering the performance of individuals and groups in organizational settings. It has been known
by several names, including employee development, human resource development, and learning

and development.

Military education and training is a process which intends to establish and improve the

capabilities of military personnel in their respective roles.

Group is a number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.

Group action is a situation in which a large number of agents take action simultaneously

in order to achieve a common goal; their actions are usually coordinated.

FINDINGS:

Based on my research on the internet, I have found out that group working has its many

effects on school studying of children. The good effects are the children are more able to learn

because they are driven by the members of his or her group but , the negative side of group

working is that they more lightly to be dependent of their group mates other than contributing to

the group itself.

Some of the bad effects of group working can be seen in a typical classroom where

students become dependent in the high achievers of the class other than depending on themselves

in their homework’s and school activities.

On the other hand, the good effects of group working are the efficiency of the students in

doing their work, they also improve their leadership skills and their loyalty to the group becomes

even stronger.
 To apply the idea of a strong group working in class, I must first explain to them what a

strong group posses, a great leader and skillful followers. These are the things they need in

having an efficient working group.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

In my school, I would likely recommend that group working should be endorsed in our

school, and also that the students should be thought properly on how they are to work as a group,

where each member are working together contributing to the forwardness of the group and the

leader leading them to the correct path.

In the society, I would want to recommend that groups should be made to improve our

country other than establishing corrupt groups which degrades our society to the ground.

To my fellow classmates, I would like them to keep on working as a group because that

will help the m to achieve more ideas and more plans for the future but, they should not abuse

the helpfulness of your group by copying the ideas of your members of not contributing your part

to the group.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_action_%28sociology%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group