Specific cost of Gas Turbines

GT Genset
GTW Handbook 1997
800

700
GT < 10MW
600

500
$/kW

400 GT > 10MW Specific cost becomes

flat, and does not follow
300 the law of scale

200

100

0
1 10 100 1000
Power output MW

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

Specific cost of Combined Cycle

Turnkey Combined Cycle
GTW Handbook 1997
900

800

700

600

500
$/kW

400

300

200

100

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Power output MW

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

 Relating specific costs of plants
Ca = cost plant a, $
Cb = cost plant b, $
Pa = power output plant a, kW
Pb = power output plant b, kW

n
Ca ⎛P ⎞
= ⎜⎜ a ⎟⎟
Cb ⎝ Pb ⎠
C
Specific cost, $ / kW,
P
Cb
n −1
Specific cost, plant b Pb ⎛ Pb ⎞
= = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
Specific cost, plant a Ca ⎝ Pa ⎠
Pa
Gas Turbine genset: n = 0.6, n − 1 = −0.4
CC turnkey: n = 0.75, n − 1 = −0.25

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

Power Island
Gas Turbines Critical valves
Air intake system Steam turbine
Fire protection for gas turbine Condenser
Exhaust system Generator (hydrogen- or hydrogen/water-cooled)
Heat-recovery steam generator (HRSG) Starting System (SCF)
Major pumps

Turnkey
Power Island plus:
Fuel storage and supply system Low- and medium-voltage switchgear
Plant piping / valves Emergency power supply
Wet-type cooling tower Distributed control system (DCS)
Water systems Central control room building
De-mineralized water tank Cranes/ hoists
Electrical equipment Building/ structures
Auxiliary transformer Fire protection system

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

Site-specific options

Gas pressure reduction or compressor station Water treatment plant

Air-cooled condenser Additional noise protection
Once-through cooling NOx reduction system (SCR)
Raw water tank High-voltage switchgear

Customer-specific options
Fuel oil as secondary fuel Turbine building (with crane)
2x50% or 3x50% redundancy for BOP equipment Condensate polishing plant
Alternative boiler options Bypass deaerator
Duct firing Auxiliary boiler
Permanently installed crane Black start diesel

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

Investments CCGT power plant

Power output: 390 MW

Rate of exchange: 9 NOK/US$

Turnkey costs (based on GT PRO): [$/kW] [k$] [kNOK] [% ] [% ]

Total installed capital equipment 290 113,000 1,017,000 70.7 % 100.0 %
Contractor's engineering 32 12,528 112,752 7.8 %
Contractor's construction 40 15,660 140,940 9.8 %
Miscellaneous & start-up costs 11 4,176 37,584 2.6 %
Contingency (10%) 37 14,536 130,828 9.1 %
Total turnkey costs 410 159,900 1,439,104 100.0 % 141.5 %
Additional costs (based on experience - highly % of turnkey
turnkey contr. 5.00% 7,995 71,955
Connection to cooling water 4.00% 6,396 57,564
Connection to HV overhead lines/upgrade of HV lines 5.00% 7,995 71,955
Connection to gas terminal 6.00% 9,594 86,346
conceptual eng., etc.) 5.00% 7,995 71,955
Power and fuel for commissioning 0.50% 800 7,196
Spare parts (not capitalized) 1.00% 1,599 14,391
Verifications,insurance, risk analysis, environmental studies 2.50% 3,998 35,978
Contingency, additional costs 15.00% 23,985 215,866
Total additional costs 70,356 633,206
Total project investment cost 590 230,257 2,072,309 144.0 % 203.8 %
Costs per power unit [$/kW] [NOK/kW]
Total project investment costs 590 5,314
Turnkey cost 410 3,690

Exclusions:
Project development fee
Project taxes, fees
Financial costs
energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt
Escalation, etc.
 Estimated O&M Life-Cycle Costs
GE STAG 109FA (appr. 350 MW), representatitvt for et norsk gasskraftverk
Average $/year $/kW/year
Operations Cost
Direct Salary & Labour 2,249,520 6.45 31.6 %
Direct Materials & Subc 745,913 2.14 10.5 %
Total 2,995,433 8.59 42.1 %

Maintenance - Planned
Gas Turbines 2,949,950 8.46 41.5 %
HRSGs 144,283 0.41 2.0 %
SCR Replacement 0 0 0.0 %
ST-Gs 145,986 0.42 2.1 %
Instruments 37,162 0.11 0.5 %
Systems BOP 154,514 0.44 2.2 %
Total 3,431,895 9.84 48.2 %

Maintenance - unplanned 686,379 1.97 9.6 %

Total O&M $/year 7,113,707 20.4 100.0 %

Total O&M $/MWh 2.55

Total O&M NOK/MWh 19.13
Total O&M øre/kWh 1.91

Insurance CCGT 0.3% p.a. of turnkey cost

SCR first cost, incl. installation15 $/kW @400MW

SCR life time 4-8 years, guarantee 1-3 years
SCR O&M 5 M$/year, @400MW, same as first cost
SCR O&M 25% NH3-consumption, 600-700 kg NH3/day @40
25% reduced power production, increased exhaust
50% replacement of SCR
SCR cost øre/kWh 0.1+1.3=1.4 øre/kwh

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt

Combined Cycle Power Production Cost

45
40
E le ct r icit y Pr oduct ion C os t

35
30 CO2-
[ør e /k W h]

tax
25
20
NOx removal,
15 Gas SCR

10 cost

5
Capital cost Operation costs
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Price natural gas [øre/Sm3 ]
Investment Power Plant 5500 kr/kW=730 US$/kW
Economical life-time 20 years
Interest 7%
Equivalent annual operating hours 7900 h/a
CO2-tax 83 øre/Sm3
energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt
Kostnaden (turnkey CC) for et gassturbinanlegg
påvirkes av type brensel

Naturgass ref.
Tungolje +20%
Kull (PFBC) +100%
Backup-brensel (gass eller lettolje) +5%

energi - kraft- økonomi - generelt.ppt