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Paper - I
CLASSICAL ALGEBRA
(Hours of instruction per week : 6)
No. of Credits : 6
Unit I
Exponential series : Exponential theorem - statement and proof - application to
summation - limits and approximation.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Logarithmic series : Logarithmic series theorem - statement and proof - application to
summation - limits and approximation.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Tests for convergence and divergence of series : Comparison tests - Cauchy’s
condensation test - D’Alembert’s ratio test - Cauchy’s root test - Raabe’s test.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Theory of equations : Remainder theorem - imaginary roots occur in pairs - irrational
roots occur in pairs - relation between the roots and coefficients of equation - symmetric
functions of the roots - transformation of equations - roots multiplied by a given number -
reciprocal roots - reciprocal equation - to increase or decrease the roots by a given
number - Descarte’s rule of signs.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Theory of numbers : Divisors of a given number N - Euler’s function (N) -Integral part
of a real number - the highest power of a prime p contained in n! - the product of r
consecutive integers is divisible by r! - congruences - numbers in arithmetical progression
- Fermat’s theorem - Wilson’s theorem - Lagrange’s theorem.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in:
Change of variables : Jacobian - Definition and results - Change of variable in the cases
of two variables and three variables - Transformation from Cartesian to polar coordinates
and spherical polar coordinates.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in:
I 1 IX 1 and 9 to 15
II 2 III 7 and 8
III 2 IV 1 to 8
IV 2 V 1 to 8
V 2 V 9 to 12 and 17
Unit I
Mathematical Logic : Statement and Notation–Connectives–Negations–Conjunction–
Disjunction–Statement formulas and Truth tables–Logical capabilities of programming
languages–Conditional and Biconditional - Well formed formulas–Tautologies–
Equivalence of formulae–Duality law–Tautological implications–Formulae with distinct
connectives.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Normal forms : Disjunctive normal forms–Conjunctive normal forms–Principal
conjunctive normal forms – Principal disjunctive normal forms. Predicates-Variables-
Quantifiers-Free and Bounded variables-Theory of Inference for statements-Calculus and
Predicate calculus-Other connectives.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Partially ordered sets : Least member–Greatest member–Minimal element–Maximal
element–Upper bound – Lower bound–Least upper bound–Greatest lower bound.
Algebraic structures–Semigroups and Monoids–Homomorphism of Semigroups and
monoids–Subsemigroups and Submonoids–Cyclic Semigroups.
Lattice : Meet–Join–Principle of duality of lattices–Properties of lattices–Distributive
lattice–Modular lattice–Bounded lattice–Complemented lattice–Sub lattice–Simple
problems.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Formal Languages : Alphabets–Letters–Words–Language–Length of a word–
Concatenation of words–Syntax –Semantics–Free monoid–Grammar–Derivation–
Sentential form–Types of grammars–BNF notation–Sub tree–Ambiguous grammar–
Unambiguous grammar–Unambiguous and inherently ambiguous language–Simple
problems.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Graph Theory : Undirected graphs-Degree of the vertex-Null graph-Simple graph-
Regular graph-Complete graph–Sub graph–Isomorphism–Walks-Paths-Circuits–Some
basic theorems–Euler graphs – Hamiltonian paths. Directed graphs–Isomorphism–In
degree and out degree of a Digraph–Paths-Reachability and connectedness-Geodesic-
Node base–Components of digraphs.
Trees : Some basic theorems–Spanning trees–Rooted binary trees–Directed tree–
Complete binary tree–Forest–Matrix representation of graphs–Circuit matrix-Path
matrix–Matrices of directed graphs–Incidence matrix–Circuit matrix of a digraph.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in:
Trignomentry
Expansions : Expansions of cos nθ and sin nθ - Examples on formation of equations -
Expansions of cos n when n is a positive integer - Expansions of sin n when n is a
positive integer - Expansions of sin and cos in a series of ascending powers of .
Hyperbolic Functions : Relations between hyperbolic functions - Inverse hyperbolic
functions.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Logarithm of Complex Quantities : Logarithms of complex quantities - General
value of logarithm of x+iy .
Summation of Trigonometrical Series : Some of series of n angles in A.P. - Sum of
cosines of n angles in A.P.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Vector Calculus
Gradient, Divergence And Curl: Differentiation of Vectors - Meaning of the
Derivative of Position Vector - level surfaces - The Vector Differential Operator
- Gradient - Direction and Magnitude of Gradient - Divergence and Curl -
Solenoidal - Formulae involving Operator ∇.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Vector Integration : Line Integral - Volume Integral , Surface integral - Gauss
Divergence theorem - Green’s theorem ( in space ) - Stoke’s theorem - Green’s
theorem ( in plane ) - For the theorems statements only and simple problems.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Fourier Series
Fourier series – Definition - finding Fourier coefficients for a given periodic function
with period 2 - Odd and even functions – Half range series – Development in sine and
cosine series - Change of interval.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
.
1. “Trigonometry” by S. Narayanan and T. K. Manicavachagom Pillay S.
Viswanathan (Publishers and Printers)Pvt.,Ltd.,1998.
I 1 III 1 to 5
IV 1&2
II 1 V 5
VI 2
III 2 IV 1 to 11
IV 2 VI 1 to 10
V 3 IV 1 to 6
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Lagranges method of solving the Linear equation. Laplace transform : Definition and
at at n
properties of laplace transform – Laplace transform of e , sinbt, e sinbt, t - Some
general theorem - Evaluating certain integrals using laplace transform.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
The Inverse Transform - Method of partial fraction - solving ordinary differential
equation and system of differential equation using Laplace transform.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in :
Unit I
Linear Programming Problem : Mathematical Formulation of the Problem, Graphical
Solution Method, Some Exceptional Cases, General Linear Programming Problem,
Canonical and Standard Forms of L.P.P. Simplex Method: Fundamental Properties of
Solutions, The Computational Procedure, Artificial Variable Techniques, Problem of
Degeneracy.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Duality in Linear Programming : Concept of Duality, Formulation of Primal-Dual
Pairs, Duality and Simplex Method, Dual Simplex Method, Dual Simplex Algorithm.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Transportation Problems : Introduction, Mathematical Formulation of the Problem,
Triangular Basis, Loops in a Transportation Table, Finding Initial Basic Feasible
Solution, Moving Towards Optimality, Degeneracy in Transportation Problems,
Transportation Algorithm, Unbalanced Transportation Problems.
The Assignment, Routing Problems : Introduction, Mathematical Formulation,
Assignment Algorithm , A Typical Assignment Problem , Routing Problems.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Games and Strategies : Introduction, Two-Person Zero-Sum Games, Maximin-Minimax
Principle, Games Without Saddle Points-Mixed Strategies, Solution of 2 x 2 Rectangular
Games, Graphical Method, Dominance Property.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Sequencing Problems : Introduction, Problem of Sequencing, Problems with n Jobs and
2 Machines, Problems with n Jobs and k Machines, Problems with 2 Jobs through k
Machines.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
IV 9 9.1 to 9.7.
V 10 10.1 to 10.5.
* Question paper setters to confine to the above textbooks only.*
SEMESTER – IV
Paper VIII
FOURIER TRANSFORMS AND SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
(Hours of instruction per week: 6)
No. of Credits : 6
Unit I
Fourier transforms : Fourier Integral theorem-Fourier sine and cosine integrals.
Complex form of Fourier integrals-Complex Fourier transforms and its inversion
formula- Fourier sine and cosine transforms.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Properties of Fourier Transforms-Linear Property-Shifting theorem-Change of scale
property-Modulation theorem-Properties of Fourier sine and cosine transforms.
Convolution theorem for Fourier transforms-Parseval’s identity-Evaluation of integrals
using Parseval’s identity.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Applications of Fourier transforms for solving integral equations - Finite Fourier
transforms.
The Gamma function : Definition-Recurrence formula for (n) - The Beta function :
Properties of Beta functions-Other forms of Beta functions-Relation between Beta and
Gamma functions-Standard results.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Evaluation of integrals using Beta and Gamma functions. Bessel functions : Definition-
Series solution of Bessel’s equation-Bessel function of the first kind of order n, Jn(x)-
Properties-Expansions for J0(x) and J1(x)-The zeros of the Bessel functions-Values of
J1/2(x) and J-1/2(x).
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Recurrence formula for Bessel functions-Bessel’s coefficients. Bessel’s integral for Jn(x).
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
No. Of credits: 6
Unit – I
Rectilinear motion under constant forces: Motion along a vertical line under gravity –
Line of quickest descent - quickest descent to a curve – Motion along a smooth inclined
plane - Motion along a rough inclined plane-Examples.
Equilibrium of a particle : Equilibrium of a particle under three forces - Equilibrium of
a particle under several forces – Limiting equilibrium of a particle on an inclined plane-
Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit – II
Rectilinear motion under varying force : Motion under gravity in a resisting medium –
Resistance proportional to square of velocity - Resistance proportional to velocity-
Examples.
Virtual work : Virtual work-Principle of virtual work-Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit - III
Impact: Impulsive force – Conservation of linear momentum – Laws of impact – Direct
impact of two smooth spheres.
Direct impact of a smooth sphere on a plane - Oblique impact of a smooth sphere on a
plane – Oblique impact of two smooth spheres – Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit – IV
Projectiles: Forces on a projectile – Displacement as a combination of vertical and
horizontal displacements – Nature of trajectory – Results pertaining to the motion of a
projectile – Maximum horizontal range for a given velocity – Two trajectories with a
given speed and range – Projectile projected horizontally. Projectile projected on an
inclined plane – Maximum range on an inclined plane – Enveloping parabola –
Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit - V
Hanging Strings: Equilibrium of a uniform homogeneous string – Sag - Suspension
bridge - Examples.
Central orbits: Central orbit – Differential equation of a central orbit – Laws of a central
force – Methods to find the central orbits – Conic as a centered orbit – Kepler’s laws of
planetary motion -Examples.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
‘ MECHANICS’ by P.Duraipandian, Laxmi Duraipandian and Muthamizh
Jayapragasam, S.Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, Reprint 2007.
I 10 10.3 to 10.5.
12 12.4
3 3.1 and 3.2
II 8 8.1
III 14 14.1 to 14.5
IV 13 13.1 to 13.3
V 9 9.1 and 9.2
16 16.2 and 16.3
* Question paper setters to confine to the above textbooks only.*
SEMESTER IV
Paper X
OPERATIONS RESEARCH - II
(Hours of instruction per week : 6)
No. of Credits : 6
Unit I
Dynamic programming : Introduction , The Recursive Equation Approach,
Characteristics of Dynamic Programming, Dynamic Programming Algorithm, Solution of
Discrete D.P.P, Solution of L.P.P. by Dynamic Programming.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Queueing Theory : Introduction, Queueing Systems, Characteristics of Queueing
Systems, Symbols and Notations, Poisson Process and Exponential Distribution,
Classification of Queues, Definition of Transient and Steady States, Poisson Queues: The
M/M/1 and M/M/1/N Queueing Systems, The M/M/C and M/M/C/N Queueing System.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Inventory Control : Introduction, Reasons for Carrying Inventory, Types of Inventory,
The Inventory Decisions, Economic Order Quantity, Deterministic Inventory Problem,
EOQ Problem with Price-Breaks.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Replacement Problems and System Reliability : Introduction, Replacement of
Equipment or Asset that Deteriorates Gradually, Replacement of Equipment that Fails
Suddenly, Reliability and System Failure Rates. Simulation : Introduction, Why
Simulation?, Methodology of Simulation, Event-Type Simulation, Generation of Random
Numbers, Monte-Carlo Simulation, Simulation of Queueing System, Simulation of an
Inventory System.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Network Scheduling By PERT/CPM :Introduction, Network and Basic Components,
Rules of Network Construction, Time Calculation in Networks, Critical Path Method
(CPM), PERT, PERT Calculations.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
I 12 12.1 to 12.6
II 17 17.1 to 17.8
III 18, 19 18.1 to 18.7,
19.1 to 19.3,19.6
IV 20 20.1 to 20.8
V 21 21.1 to 21.7
1. ‘Topics in Algebra’ by I.N. Herstein., John Wiley & sons,New York , 2nd edition,
2003.
I 2 2.1 to 2.3
II 2 2.4 to 2.6
III 2 2.7 to 2.10
IV 3 3.1 to 3.3
V 3 3.4 to 3.6
Unit I
The real and complex number systems: The field axioms, the order axioms-integers-
the unique factorization theorem for integers-rational numbers-irrational numbers-upper
bounds, maximum elements, least upper bound (supremum) -the completeness axiom,
some properties of the supremum -properties of the integers deduced from the
completeness axioms-the Archimedean property of the real number system-rational
numbers with finite decimal representation of real numbers -absolute values and the
triangle inequality-the Cauchy -Schwarz inequality -plus and minus infinity and the
extended real number system R*.
(28 Hours)
Unit II
Some basic notions of set theory : Notations -ordered pairs-Cartesian product of two
sets- relations and functions-further terminology concerning functions-one-one functions
and inverses –composite functions-sequences- similar (equinumerous) sets-finite and
infinite sets-countable and uncountable sets - uncountability of the real-number system-
set algebra-countable collections of countable sets.
(28 Hours)
Unit III
Elements of point set topology : Euclidean space Rn -open balls and open sets in Rn.
The structure of open sets in R1 -closed sets and adherent points -The Bolzano -
Weierstrass theorem-the Cantor intersection theorem.
(28 Hours)
Unit IV
The Lindel of covering theorem-The Heine Borel covering theorem –compactness in Rn-
Metric spaces - point set topology in metric spaces –compact subsets of a metric space-
Boundary of a set .
(28 Hours)
Unit V
Limits and continuity : Convergent sequences in a metric space - Cauchy Sequences-
Completeness Sequences-complete metric spaces. Limit of a function -continuous
functions .Continuity of composite function - Examples of continuous functions.
(28 Hours)
Treatment as in
II 2 2.1 to 2.15
IV 3 3.10 to 3.16
Unit II
Analytic functions : Complex functions - Limit of a function - Continuity of a function -
Differentiability and analyticity of a function - Necessary conditions for differentiability -
Sufficient conditions for differentiability – Examples .
(28 Hours)
Unit III
Analytic functions : C-R equations in polar coordinates - Complex functions as a
function of z and z - Examples .
Power series and elementary functions : Power series - Absolute convergence of a
power series - Uniform convergence of a power series - Analyticity of the sum of a power
series - Uniqueness of representation of a function by a power series - Examples .
(28 Hours)
Unit IV
Conformal mappings : Bilinear transformations (Mobius transformation) - Special
bilinear transformations - Circles and inverse points - Transformation w = z2 -
1\ 2
Transformation w = z - Transformation w = e z - Transformation w = sinz and w =
cosz- Conformal mappings - Examples.
(28 Hours)
Unit V
Complex integration : Simple rectifiable oriented curves - Integration of complex
functions - Simple integrals using definition - Definite integrals - Interior and exterior of
a closed curve - Simply-connected regions - Cauchy’s fundamental theorem - Integral
along an arc joining two points - Cauchy’s integral formula and formulas for derivatives -
Examples.
(28 Hours)
Treatment as in
I 2 2.3 to 2.9
II 4 4.1 to 4.3
4.5 to 4.7
III 4&6 4.8 to 4.10
6.1 to 6.5
IV 7 7.1 to 7.9
V 8 8.1 to 8.9
Interpolation
Unit IV
Unit V
Computer Lab : Programming for numerical methods.Obtain the value of the function
using Newton’s forward formula – obtain the value of the function using Newton’s
backward formula (for equal intervals) – obtain the root of a transcendental equation
using Newton - Raphson method – solving the set of simultaneous equations by Gauss
elimination method – solving the set of simultaneous equations by Gauss-Seidal method-
Integration using trapezoidal rule – Integration using Simpson’s rule.
(40 Hours)
Treatment as in
1. Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis by S.S.Sastry, Prentice- hall of
India Private Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
Unit I
Matrices : Orthogonal matrices - properties of orthogonal matrices - eigen values and
eigen vectors - diagonalisation of matrices - similar matrices - Cayley - Hamilton
Theorem.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Rings : Euclidean rings - A particular Euclidean ring.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Vector spaces : Elementary basic concepts - linear independence and bases.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Dual spaces - inner product spaces.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Linear transformations : The algebra of linear transformations - characteristic roots.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in :
IV 6 6.1 to 6.8
V 7 7.1 to 7.7
* Question paper setters to confine to the above textbooks only. *
SEMESTER – VI
Paper XVII
COMPLEX ANALYSIS II
(Hours of instruction per week : 6)
No. of Credits : 6
Unit I
Complex Integration : Zeros of a function - Related integral theorems -Term-by-term
differentiation and integration of uniformly convergent series - Examples.
Taylor’s and laurent’s series : Taylor’s series - Zeros of an analytic function –
Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Taylor’s and Laurent’s series : Laurent’s series - Singular points or singularity –
Isolated singularities - Removable singularities – Pole - Essential singularities –
Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Taylor’s and Laurent’s series : Behaviour of a function at an isolated singularity -
Determination of the nature of singularities - Nature of singularity at infinity - Examples.
Residues : Residues - Calculation of residues – Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Residues : Real definite integrals – Examples.
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Meromorphic : Meromorphic functions -Functions meromorphic in the extended plane –
Examples.
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
Unit IV
LAB
Unit V
Solving first order ordinary differential equation using Euler’s method – solving first
order ordinary differential equation using Runge-kutta second order method – solving
first order ordinary differential equation using Runge-kutta fourth order method-Eigen
value-Solution of partial differential equation - Jacobi’s method and Seidal method -
Curve fitting. Simulation .
(40 Hours)
Treatment as in
Paper - XIX
ASTRONOMY
(Hours of instruction per week : 6)
No. of Credits : 6
Unit I
General description of the solar system – Comets and meteorites – Spherical
trigonometry.
(24 Hours)
Unit II
Celestial sphere – Celestial co-ordinates – Diurnal motion – Variation in length of the
day.
(24 Hours)
Unit III
Dip –Twilight – Geocentric parallax .
(24 Hours)
Unit IV
Refraction – Tangent formula – Cassini ‘s formula .
(24 Hours)
Unit V
Eclipses – Lunar eclipse – Solar eclipse – Ecliptic limits – Synodic period – Duration of
eclipses – Comparison of eclipses – Occultations .
(24 Hours)
Treatment as in
1. “Astronomy” for Degree classes by S.Kumaravelu and Susheela
Kumaravelu Diocesan press, Nagarcoil, 1974.
I I 1 to 38
XVI 320 to 333
II II 39 to 68