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Preface ................................................................................ ix
1. Introduction ................................................................. 1
1.1 What Is Natural Gas? ...................................................... 1
1.2 Utilization of Natural Gas ................................................ 2
1.3 Natural Gas Industry ....................................................... 4
1.4 Natural Gas Reserves ..................................................... 5
1.5 Types of Natural Gas Resources .................................... 6
1.6 Future of the Natural Gas Industry ................................. 7
7. Separation ................................................................... 93
7.1 Introduction ...................................................................... 93
7.2 Separation of Gas and Liquids ....................................... 93
7.2.1 Principles of Separation .................................. 94
7.2.2 Types of Separators ....................................... 95
7.2.3 Factors Affecting Separation ........................... 98
7.2.4 Separator Design ............................................ 100
7.3 Stage Separation ............................................................ 109
7.4 Flash Calculation ............................................................. 111
7.5 Low-temperature Separation .......................................... 118
Appendices
Appendix A: Pseudopressures of Sweet Natural
Gases .............................................................................. 295
Appendix B: Normalized Pressures of Sweet Natural
Gases .............................................................................. 299
Appendix C: Orifice Meter Tables for Natural Gas ................. 303
Appendix D: The Minimum Gas Production Rate for
Water Removal in Gas Wells .......................................... 339
Figure D-1 to Figure D-48 .......................................... 340
Figure D-49 to Figure D-100 ...................................... 364
Appendix E: The Minimum Gas Production Rate for
Condensate Removal in Gas Wells ................................ 391
Figure E-1 to Figure E-48 ........................................... 392
Figure E-49 to Figure E-100 ....................................... 416