Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.Prezentul Simplu
-FORMA :vb. la infinitiv ; la pers III-a , nr singular , se adauga terminatia –s/-es la sfarsit
-ADVERBE : usually , often , always , never , sometimes , rarely
-UTILIZARE
Pentru activitati sau obisnuite generale sau repetate
EX: I drink tea for breakfast.
Pentru actiuni care sunt adevarate in general
EX: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.
Cand se vorbeste despre orare si programe fixe
EX: The film starts at 10.30 .
Pentru a indica o situatie permanenta
EX: My parents live in Manchester.
2.Prezentul continuu
-FORMA : “to be” + vb cu terminatia –ing
-ADVERBE : now , right now , in this moment
-UTILIZARE :
Pentru actiuni care se petrec in momentul vorbirii
EX: Kate is at school. She is reading a book.
Pentru actiuni in desfasurare intr-o perioada limitata din preajma momentului
vorbirii
EX: John is looking for a job .
Pentru actiuni care se petrec in preajma momentului vorbirii , dar nu neaparat in
momentul vorbirii
EX: My boss is away on business this week . He is working in Manchester.
Pentru actiuni in schimbare sau in evolutie in preajma momentului vorbirii
EX: Is your English improving?
Cu always (insemnand “prea mult”) pentru a exprima iritarea
EX: Your children are always running on my lawn.
ATENTIE ! Prezentul continuu se foloeste pentru referiri la situatii temporare . Prezentul simplu
se refera la situatii permanente.
I’m living with some friends at the moment because my flat is being redecorates.
Richard lives in a comfortable flat in the heart of London.
3. Perfectul present
-FORMA: “to have: conjugat + participial trecut
-ADVERBE : never ; ever ; before ; already ; yet ; for ; since
-UTILIZARE : are o legatura clara cu prezentul , deci este folosit pentru actiuni care au
inceput in trecut si continua PANA IN momentul present
-EX: I have lost my address book
ATENTIE ! Comparati :
o Milan Kundera has written several best sellers . ( Milan Kundera wrote in the past , is alive today
and still writing)
o Goethe wrote “Faust” ( Goesthe is dead)
ATENTIE ! Comparati:
o Mary has polished the copper. ( Mary has just finished .)
o Mary has been polishing the copper . ( Mary may still be polishing)
5. Trecutul Simplu
-FORMA :la verbele regulate adaugam –ed la infintiv fara “to”
-ADVERBE :ago , yesterday ,last week/month etc
-UTILIZARE
O actiune finalizata in trecut cand este mentionat momentul actiunii
EX: Tom arrived yesterday.
O actiune finalizata sigur in trecut chiar daca timpul nu este mentionat
EX: Brutus assassinated Julius Caesar.
O obisnuita din trecut
EX: She always woke up early on school days .
O naratiune in trecut
EX: I stopped to buy a newspaper and then sat down on a bench to read it . The
news was quite depressing . So I got up and took a walk and tried to think happy
thoughts.
6. Trecutul Continuu
-FORMA : forma de trecut “to be” ( was/were) + vb cu terminatia –ing
-ADVERBE :while , when , as
- UTILIZARE :
Actiuni trecute cu o anumita durata , dar ale caror limite precise in timp nu sunt
cunoscute
EX: It was raining and getting colder
Actiuni trecute care au inceput inainte si au continuat probabil dupa un anumit
moment dat :
EX: At noon the sun was shining.
Momentul dat poate fi exprimat si de o expresie de timp latrecutul simplu
EX: When Tom arrived , the sun was shining .
Descrieri in trecut
EX: The flowers were blooming , the birds were singing , and the breeze was
blowing softly.