262

Art. XIII.?Notice on the Bindrs of the Abbasside Dynasty.

By Edward Thomas Rogers, late II. M. Consul, Cairo.

on November 16th,
[Read 1874.]

Every collector of early Muhanuuadan coins must havo

observed that the dinars of the fifth and two subsequent
Khalifahs are of two kinds: that is to say, somo aro plain,
like those of the earlier Khalifahs; whilst others havo various
Mtihnmmndnn names upon them, generally beneath the
ordinary inscription on the area of the reverse.
It is well
known that dirhams and filses were struck in
many parts of the then vast Muhammadan Empire; but it
does not appear that under the first four Khalifahs dinars
were struek in any other mint than that of the
Capital.
The dinars of the first four Khalifahs do not state where
were struck, and wc ma}' therefore presume that they
they
were all struek in one place, namely, the Capital, just as the
dinars of the Khalifahs of Bani Uinuieya wero all struck at
Damascus, which was their seat of government. Thoso of
the fifth and two subsequent Khalifahs do not, as a rule,
give any place of mintage; but b}' careful examination and
comparison of the proper names found on some of them, I
am convinced that tho plain ones were struck in Medinet-es
Salam (Baghdad), and that thoso bearing proper names wore
for the most part struck in Misr, which was probably noxt
in importance to Baghdad, and was the first placo after the
Capital whence gold coins were emitted.
I have seen somo of these names mentioned in the descrip
tions of the coins on which thc}r wero found; but no serial
account of them has yet been published, nor any identification
of the persons to whom they refer.
With a view to I am pre
partially supply this deficiency,
paring the following observations ou dinars hitherto inedited,
which are for the most part in my own Cabinet and in that
of Colonel C. S. Guthrio, intercalated with thoso already pub
lished of which we do not possess specimens in our cabinets.
 ._ _??ATls_r

- ?.,_.., .?, _... _ ? ?. _ .

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 H.
_PLATE

^^^^ AH 199^HP*

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 m.
_jftAjrg

^^^^ ^^
AH 207^

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A j y*iy2*ft _"{m:.??jk
 XV
_PLATE

".T^oTv?T,HLo??oii7*
 DINARS OF THE ADBASSIDE DYNASTY. 263

The dinars of tho first four Khalifahs hardly differ from

each other excepting are
in tho date. They nearly of the
samo
typo, character and weight. Certain points or dots
howover, which occur on some of them, make them worthy
of separate remarks, and may, after further study and expe
rience, prove that a second mint for the emission of gold coin
existed earlier than I am at present iu a position to prove.
The legends and inscriptions on the dinars of the first four
Khalifahs are the same; therefore tho of one of
description
tho year 130 will serve for all thoso struck before the year
170 : thus?
Obverse.

Area, Inscription in three lines: <duL^ il *Jo- j aUI ill dJIi,

generally called the first symbol.

Marginal legend : i^ilJ ^Jl ^0 ^ l/^h^ <J-j,iI <*JJI
Jj~y
J^s'*
*K Ji?, generally called tho second symbol.
^^1
Reverse.

Area, Inscription in three lines: <0JI &+??* being the initial

Jj**/
words of the sctfond symbol.

Marginal legend : A^ ^ ,^15 $ *J^Sj&?*jj jJI IdJbC-J.J aJJI**w ,

Iu tho name of God this dinar was struck in the year 133.

In the following list will be found in scparato columns the

date, the initials of the owner, the name of the author who
has described tho coin, and descriptive remarks. T. refers
to Tiesenhausen. Whero two asterisks appear, the coin
(*'*)
thus marked exists in both Cabinets.

>?? 1sj,*z: n ,,?,T,vR

a ,.
^"rj
133 E. T. It. Incdited. A central point on the reverse (PI. I.
No. 1).
134 E. T. It. Ineditcd. A central point on the reverse.
135 ** T. 675.
136 C. S. G. T. 683.
137I E. T. It. jInedited.[
204 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

^ * IU^ukh.
I)Kscn,mvK
1c I"L7Z"I
138 E. T. R. Inedited.
139 C. S. G. Inedited.
139 E. T. It. !Inedited. Diacritical poiut under the l-j of
I S-^
139 E. T. R. Iueditcd. Diacritical point under the c-* of
I oud
<-r>r^> three points thus V be

| neath area of reverse (PI. I. No. 2).

I
140 ** IInedited. !
'
"' 'T. 711.
No^'pl.
143 C. S. G. T. 719.
144 E. T. R. Inedited.
j
Diacritical point uuder L-) of j-jjl.
145 E. T. R. T. 734.
.
M5 C. S. G. IInedited. Diacritical point under c-) of^yo
140 E. T. R. T. 746.
j
147 I ** T. 759.
1 IS ** A on tho reverse.
T. 770. central point
148 E. T. R. Inedited. A point after the of iu area
j J J%~*j
of reverse.
German
149 ZeiUchrift T- 78?
Adler, Mus.
"0 Cuf.Borg. T. 78^
**
j
151 T..796. I
152 ** T. 803. A of in area
I point after the J Jyy
I of the reverse; the characters are

I j more like theAghlabite type.

154 I #* T. 826. A point after theJ of and a

J^j,
I central point on tho reverse.
155 ** T. 840. A poiut after the J of and a
j J^-jj,
I central point on the reverse.
156 ** T. 852. A poiut after the of of reverse.
J Jj-y
157 I ** j T. 858. j
 DINAHS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 265

??? U^a.rr.vK 1U?A?k?.

CaJTT "^r

157 C. S. G. Inedited. A point under the c-j of

?^~?.
** A point after the and
158 T. 872. J of Jj-y,
central in the reverse.
point
E. T. It. A dot after the of reverse.
159 T. 880. J of J^j
160 E. T. It. Inedited. A central point on the reverse.
** A central point on the reverse.
161 Inedited.
161 E. T. It. Inedited. A central point on the reverse, and
three thus .*. beneath the
points
area of the reverse I. No.
(PI. 3).
162 ** T. 917. A central point on the reverse and a

point after tho J of J^-y?

163 E. T. It. T. 932. A point under the l~j of , and
l~JjJ>
a central on the reverse.
point
163 C. S. G. Inedited. A point under the u-> of and
<~-y<a,
three points thus Y under the area

of the roversc (PI. I. No. 4).

164 Willcnhoim T. 950.
165 E. T. It. T. 905.
165 ** Inedited. A point abovo tho inscription on the
area of the reverse.

166 ** T. 983.
166 E. T. B. Inedited. A point between the second and third
lines of the inscription
on tho area

of the reverse, and a under

point
tho of .
l^j L^JjJ
167 ** T. 1010. A point under tho c_j ofo^ and
under tho ^j of *-^.

167 E. T. It. Inedited. A point between the second and third

lines of the on the area
inscription
of tho revcrso; of Aghlabite type.
167 C. B. G. Inedited. A point under the l~j of j-^-j, a
central on tho reverse, and
point

I above the inscription on the area of

266 DINARS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

the reverse a small crescent thus w.

(H. I. No. 5).

168 ** T. 1038. A central point on tho roversc, aud a

point after the J of Jwi

169 E. T. It. T. 1057. A central point on the reverse, and
below the inscription in tho area
of the reverse a combination of

thus .:*, which may he in

points
tended to tho
represent word^j.

We now arrive at the year in which a name for the first

time appears on the gold coinage. It is the first year of the

reign of the great Khalifah Hariin ar Rasliid.

170 C. S. G. Iucdited. The namo of 5U11appears beneath the

reverse area, but I have not yet
identified this namo. On a dirham
of tho same year described by
Eraclm, and referred to by T.

under No. 1108, the samo name is

found, but tho learned author does

not seem to have been able to settle

tho point (PI. I. No. 6).

170 E. T. R. T. 1094. The name of?z appears beneath the
inscription on the area of the re

verse, which is ascribed

rightly

by the learned author to Aly ibn

Suleiman, who was
appointed
Governor of Egypt by Al llady iu
169. lie proceeded toMisr in tho
month of Shawfil of that year, and
remained in power till Rubia, 171.
This, therefore, is the first dinar
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 2G7

that we can confidently attribute

to the mint of Misr.
** area on reverse
171 Beneath the the is

the letter *, which is generally

to refer to the excellence
j supposed
| of tho metal. I presume it was
! struck at Baghdad (PI. I. No. 8).
171 E. T. It. Inedited. IBeneath the area on the reverse ap

! tho name . I find, on

pears 5->j-*
! reference to Abu'l Mahasin's His
tory of Egypt, that Miisa ibn 'Isna
was appointed
(^uu^ ^j! ,5-^)
! Governor of Egypt by llarun ar
ltashid in one of the months of
171 (PL I. No. 7).
Itabia,
172 E. T. It. T. 1145. A central point on the reverse.
172 E. T. It. T. 1146. The name in the usual place.
^y
Musa ibn 'Issa held the post of
Governor of Egypt until the 14 th
of ltamadun, 172.

172 E. T. It. Inedited. The name-^.r here the space

occupies
beneath the of the area
inscription
of the reverse (PL I. No. 9).
173 Mara, xxxvi. T. 1166. Plain.
** 'Omar. 'Omar ibn Ghilan was
173 T. 1167. j*z
appointed Minister of Finance in
Shaaban, 173, when Muhammad

ibn Zuhcir was made Gorernor of

Egypt, and I think it very probable

that he held the same office under
Muhammad ibn Zuheir's prede

cessor, Muslimeh ibnYehia, which

268 DINARS OF THE ABBAS8IDE DYNASTY.

'
?*" " D?_m? tau ..
C DK^L?U

would account for the same name

being found on a dinar of the

year 172.

174 Frachn. T. 1181. jAs. 'Omar. This dinar must have

been struck during the first fort
I ! night of the year 174, becauso
Daud ibn Yczld was appointed
Governor of Egypt ou the 14th of
Moharram of that year, and ho was

accompanied by Ibrahim ibn Salih

as Finance Minister.

174 E. T. R. Inedited. On this dinar tho name of J Ddud

0^1
is given?without doubt Daud ibn

Yezid(Pl. I. No. 11).

174 E. T. R. Inedited. No name and no diacritical points.
(PI. I. No. 10).
175 E. T. R. T. 1194. Mitsa. Musa ibn 'Issa was ap
^->y+
pointed Governor of Egypt a second
time in tbo month of Safar, 175.

176 E. T. R. Inedited. Ibrahim. Iu this year Ibrahim

^Jbji\
ibn Salih, formerly Minister of
Finance, was Governor
appointed
of Egypt (PI. I. No. 12).
176 E. T. R. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in tho area
of tho reverse Jl%^- Jaafar. Abu'l

Mtihasin on the
reports, authority
of A z Zahaby that in the
(^Jt jjl),
year 176 llaruu ar RurIiUI
ap

pointed Jaafur ibn Yihia ibn

Burmalc to be tho Governor of

Egypt, and that probably 'Omar

(ibn Mahran) went to Misr ns
I Jaufur's representative, but Ja afar
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 269

himself did not go there. This

remark is doubtless in allusion to

tho undermentioned circumstance.1

From theso historical facts I infer

that tho dinars bearing tho name
of Jaafar wero struck under his au

thority inMisr, and that the plain

ones, of which we have several

as well as those
examples, bearing
the Khallfah's were
title <*JLLsM,
struck in Baghdad (PL II. No. 13).
177 E. T. It. T. 1223. No name.
177 E. T. R. T. 1224. Jaafar.
ju^
178 E. T. R. T. 2789. Jaafar.
Jlx^
179 ** Inedited.
Jlx^- Jaafar.
180 *# T. 1272.
jkx*- Jaafar.

181 *# T. 1293.
jkx?*- Jaafar.
182 ** T. 1310.
j!uv>- Jaafar.
183 E. T. It. T. 1338. Jaafar.
J**^
1 Abu 'IMahftsin
quotes from the history called Mi rut cz Zamun, by Abu'I
Mu7.nfT.tr ibn Kazaghli, that tho Khalifah, having received news that Miisa ibn
"
Mum intended to risu ngainst his autliority, exclaimed, Wallahi, I will dismisn
him, and replace him hy tho lowest person in my court," and said to Ja'afar ibn
Yc^ia, "Appoint to the Governorship of Misr the lowest and meanest person in
my court." So ho bethought himself of 'Omar ibn Mahrfm, Khcizerun's clerk,
who was of ugly oppearancc, wearing coarso clothing, and was in tho habit of
riding a mulo with his servant mounted behind him on tho same animal. So
Ja'afar went out to him and said, "Will you bo Governor of MisrP" He con
sented, and went thither, riding on his mule, with his servant mounted behind him.
He went to the house of MQsa ibn 'Jssa, and there sat down at the end of tho
divan. When the Council departed, Miisa nsked hirn if he wanted anything,
'Omar gave him the letter. When he had read it, he exclaimed : " Tho
whereupon
curse of God was upon Pharaoh because he said, 'behold, am I not king of
"
Egypt!' Mdsa then transferred the Government, of Egypt to 'Omar, who after
wards returned to Baghdad as he had left it.? Vide Abu'i Mahasio, vol. i.
just
p. 470.
270 DINARS OF TOE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

"* ? < ? *?"

_aSs
??*|
183 Stickel. T. 1339. Inner legend on the reverse, 1/
bj+\

ity onfcr 0/ M* Prince AI Amtn

Muhammad, son of the Commander

of theFaithful. Iu this year Mu

hammad al Am in was
appointed
Governor of 'Irak and of Syria.1
This dinar was evidently struck in

tho capital of his new province,

and as the type is very different
from that of contemporary dinars,
wo may couelude that it is tho pro

duction of a third mint whence gold

coins were emitted.

184 E. T. R. Inedited.
\J^>- J*?M.
1Si E. T. R. Inedited. Iuncr legend of the rovcrso, U^
4jy*l
J\ ijfIS i as on the dinar
j+*+l\
of the year 183 (PL II. No. 14).
184 T. 1355. tfjJl _ laallfak.
]?SJ2.
** T. 1371. Inner legend of the reverse, U^
185 djj*\
r* iztfr*'*jir***
185 E. T. R. T. 1372. Lto- Jaafar.
186 Marsden xl. T. 1393. *J\U~J\ ^\ U^. This is
^\
the earliest gold coin thatMarsden
had seen with a double legend.

My earliest dinar of thia description

is of the date of tho year 184, whilst
Stickel, see above, has described

I I I a similar ono of the year 183.

? 610:
r,^AbaTMa^8in,vol.i.p. jj
jJ^JJ^\ J} S^)\ J&3
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DTNASTf. 271

UA r" l*,i?n>:i>.
Cam nit,

186 ** Inedited. Li*sr Jaafar.

18G E. T. R. Inedited. Inner legend of the reverse, U^
<t.y?l

187 E. T. it. T. MOO. No name.

.^I^JI^I
** No name.
188 T. 1425. Diacritical point over tho
of the word .
^ ^Uj
190 ** T. 1400. Below the inscription in tho area of
the reverse, AjLL-tM Al Khalif ah.
190 E. T. Ii. IInedited. Below the inscription in the area of
the reverse, the letter ?>.

191 E. T. R. Inedited. djLU_S|Al Jihaltfah.

191 C. S. G. Inedited. This dinfir gives us a fourth type, and
I think, abo, a fourth mint for
tho emission of gold coin. The
in the area of the re
inscription
verse is in three lines, thus :

jdJilj^c iU^II; | all!J^y ^.sr*

(Pl.II.ffo. 15.)
^^1^1^
191 E. T. 11. T. 1491. Below the inscription in the area of
the reverse, the letter , probably

the initial of the word current.

*^\j

192 E. T. It. Inedited. Below the inscription in the area of

the reverse, the letter Jb .

192 ** T. 1504. Below the inscription in tho area of

tho reverse, the word <*JLLeM Al

Jfhalifah.
193 E. T. R. Inedited. Below the inscription in tbe area of
the letter J&.
I I j the reverse,

In the year 193 the great Khalifah llarun ar Ilashid died

at Tus. He was succeeded by his second sou Muhammad,
surnamed Al Amin, his elder son Abdullah, surnamed Al
Mamun, been and agreed to as heir
having appointed pre
VOL. VII,?[NEW 13
HEJUEB,]
272 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

sumptive. A rivalry and enmity soon sprang up betwecu

theso brothers, which led to open hostilities, thus
ultimately
laying tho foundation of tho dismemberment of the vast
Empire over which their father had ruled
supreme.

n._ 1* whose IW miiom _. ..

194 E. T. 11. T. 1562. Below the inscription in the area of

the reverse, the word *UJl_m Al

Khalifah.
195 ** T. 1596. Abovo the inscription in tbo area of
the reverse, <U-L_ 1Al Khalifah,
and below, Al Amtn.
^^1
196 C. S. G. Inedited. Above the inscription in tho area of
tho reverse, AjLLsMAl Khalifah,
and below, AJl Al Imdm (PI. II.
No. 16).

It is well known that Al Mam (in was much attached to

ihe sectarians of
'Aly, otherwise called Shi'is. Imdm was
a title almost
exclusively adopted by that sect for their
spiritual chief, so I havo no hesitation in attributing this
diuar to Al Mauiun. Moreover, Al Amin had in 194 pro
claimed a change in the succession, appointing his son Musa
his heir apparent, under the surname of An Natik bil Ilak,
which was naturnllj' resented by Al Mauiun, and war was
declared between the brothers. Several sanguinary battles
were in different of tho Al Milmun
fought parts Empire.
was proclaimed Khalifah
by his partisans in 196, and iu that
samo year ho succeeded in conquering In the same
Egypt.
year he appointed Al Fadl ibn Sahel Governor of the length
and breadth of tho East, with a salary of a million of dirhams,

granting him the title of Zd ar Ridsatein, which

^j^-AjJI \j
be caused to be engraved upon his sword, referring to his
being the holder of two offices, being Commander in Chief
of the Army, and also Secretary and Counsellor in Chief,
lie appointed Fadl's brother, Al llassau ibn Sahel, to tho
Ministry of Finance.
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 273

Whilst all these great events were occurring, Al Amin

was in a life of luxury, and but
Baghdad, living paying
little attention to public affairs. His indolence caused many
of his partisans to leavo him and to join his brother's ranks,
and he lost all power, and was killed in BaghdAd
gradually
in the year 198.

?-* D-curm, Rnuwc..

^r "Ur

190 E. T. li. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in tho area of

tho obverse, tho word jLc yihhdd.

In tho area of the rovcrno, above

the usual inscription, the word

<ULLelAl Khalif ah, and below it,
Al Mdmun. In the month
.y*UJl
of Itcjabof the year 190, Al Marnun

appointed 'Abbud ibn Muhammad

to be Governor of Egypt (PL II.
No. 17).
197 ** T. 1G49. Same as preceding, excepting that
under the <*?> of jLc there is a dia

critical point. It appears, however,

from Ticsenhausen's
description,
that theword jUx: has been mi3read
as the
0^?, consequently person
referred to was not identified.

197 E. T. R. Inedited. Above the inscription in the area of

tbe reverse;, <d)l_j Rahhi allah,
God is my Lord, and below it,

^^ il AI Amin. Beneath the ^j

of aro two and ono
(^^11 points,
beneath the l~j of *--m-j II.
(PL
No.
18).
198 E. T. li. Inedited. No name, no diacritical points. It is
almost impossible to say whether
this dinar was struck byAl Mumuu's
274 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

authority or by his brother, as two

Khali fallswcro reigning at this time.
198 ** T. 2829. Beneath tho inscription ia the area
of tho obverse, tho word l-JAx^H

Al Multaleb. Above that on tho

reverse, p\*+l\ Al Imdm, and below
it,^yi^AlMdmiln. In themonth
of Saiur, 198, Al Mumuu appointed
Al Multaleb ibn Abdallah to bo
Governor of Egypt. A diacritical
.
point over the ^ of ^\aj
198 E. T. It. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in the area
of tbe obverse, the name (jwLxll
AlAbbds. On the area of the re
verse, above the usual
inscription,
*UI Al Imdm, and below it,
Al Mdmiin. In the month
j^?h]\
of Shawfd, 198, Al Maimm ap
pointed Al Abbas ibn Miisa to tho
Government of Egypt; ho died at
Bilbeisiu Jamad al Akhera, 199.
198 E. T. R. Inedited. Below tho inscription iu tho area of
tho obverse, *LJ1 <_jiJu* Medinet

es Saldm, a very unusual

Baghdad,

place for the name of tho of

placo

mintage, of which, however, there

are a few other on dinars

examples
struck at Al 'Irak, Bokhara, etc.

On tbo area of tho reverse, above

the usual inscription, ?JJ

To Godf or
by the grace of God, ^^\jj\ jJ
Zu\ rMdsatcin, referring toAi Fadl
ibn Sahel, above alluded to.
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 27S

E^S! IBiSr I r?,a.?.

l>??rm.
?<-|
199 E. T. R. T. 1083. Below the inscription in the area of
tho obverse, Al Mut\aleb.
crJli>tJI
On the death of Al Abbas, Al
j
Mamun re-appointed Al Mut(alcb
[
i to tho Government of Egypt. In
the area of the reverse, above tho

usual inscription, J ZA r
j j ^-^IjJI^
I Jlifisalein, and below it (J-dill AI
I Fadl. In the inargiu the place of
is given, thus?<dil ~ujj
mintage
* .,q*j dlj -*_2>*J J.J?<AJI \SJb ^J ,J}

199 E. T. R. Inedited. Beneath the inscription, in the area

of the obverse, Al 'Irak.
^jfl-dl
Abovo the inscription in the area
of the reverse, <d) To God, and be

neath it, ZA r JlUisa

^^A)^I j?J
tcin. The invocation preceding tho

date is thus given, in the margin of

[
the
| reverse?ft^J^ c^O" -^'/**u

I (PL II. No. 20.) a!^

j
200 C. S. G. Inedited. beneath the inscription in the
jObverse,
area, Al JIassan, and below
^^M^rl
! it tho letter c.. The former doubt
j
! less refers to Al Hassan ibn Sahel,
I I who was Al Mjimun's Minister of
Ei nance abovo alluded to, and the

c is probably the initial of the word

te adel (just), Hassan certifying
J
the correctness of the weight and
II I thopurity of themetal. Reverse,
276 DINARS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

hL^rl
oiisE1. d? _^^
"??-|
<JJ
I above the inscription iu the area,
To God, and below it, J
^^p^KiJS $
\ Zd r Pudsatein(PI. II. No. 21).
j
200 E. T. It. T. 1701. Id tho area of the rovcrso, abovo the
usual inscription, <dlTo God, bc
neath i t \j J Za r Itidsatein.
^^ij
200 Fraebn. T. 1702. jJJToGod, j
j^AlIrdk, orpJ^J\3
Zd r lUdsatein. *0J\~_?
^>J>\

^
201 E. T. R. Inedited. Below tho usual on the
inscription
area of tho reverse tho letter s>-,

initial letter of
Iwhich may be the
the word Jup-
good."

201 E. T. R. Inedited. Below the inscription on the area of

the obverse,
^aJI AsSary. In this
ibn al Uakam was
year As Sary ap
MamunGovernorof Misr.
I pointed by
Above tho inscription in the area of
j
the <dlTo God, Tdhm;
reverso,ybIL
and below,
^^Jl j J Zd I Yemi
nein, ambidexter. In the margin,

^jS^. This Taher was

^+1** j
Taher ibn al Hussein, who was a

zealous of Al Mamtin, and

partisan
who caused tho death of Al Amiu
in Baghdad. He was blind of one
eye, and being able to uso both bauds
with tho same facility was called
\ Zul Yemincin (PI. II. No. 22).
201 j Fraebn. IuMisr the
|T. 1714.^^
| _o^\ k~>^!,
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 277

year 201. JdUil <dJTo God, Al

Fadl. j j ZAr Bidsatein.
^JjJ\
202 C. S. G. Inedited. On area of the reverse, above the usual

inscription, I, and below it Sa.

202 E. T. li. Inedited. Below tho inscription on the area of
the obverse, Al
<_-_yL*ll Maghreb.
Abovo the inscription on the area
of the reverse, J^oiJI <dlTo God,
Al Fadl. Beneath it,^^*jIj Jl j j
ZA r Bidsatein. The marginal le
gend on the reverse a re
presents
markable that
peculiarity, namely,
after the date tho name of the then
Governor of Egypt is inserted, thus
<?l~r .;j jJI IJJ* <*JJ!>*uj
jj-^jl L-Jj*0

^.mJI %In the name of God

1^*2-^
this dinar was struck in the year

202, As Sary (PL II. No. 23 j.

202 Eraehn. T. 1727. In Mi.sr the
(j+~r*j ^'^ k*~>j*a*s,
year 202. ^jjJ^AsSary. yblt?<dl
To God, 2 a her. ** %* r
^^JjJ'
Bidsatein.

203 T. 1738.
ffi^to ^^j^^^lJJJ^^^^
year 203. j^ytbJI
Al MdmAn.
<dJ To God, Tdher.
y>lL u^JI
As Sary.
203 E. T. li. T. 1739. Beneath tho area of the obverse, J
1^*11
Al Trdk. Above inscription in area
of reverse, <0JTo God. Beneath it
Jl j J ZA r Bidsatein. Mar
^~>b
ginal legend, A^>yl c;^/' <dl!~uJ
278 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

r\.?- In whose JIy wuom I ? ,,

Date- Dmcwwiw lUwEtt
Cabinet. Emtku.

204 I E. T. R. Inedited. No name.

204 Fraehn. T. 1748. j j^l In Misr the
^^^ to^jOA)
year 204. Al Maghreb.
c___yU.ll
To God, Tdhcr.
<dJ As
jt>IL ^jJ\
Sary.
} 204 T. 17-19. Zd r Ridsatein.
^^i)\ ^
205 E. T. It. Inedited. Beneath tho inscription in tho area
of the obverse, l-JjcJ IAl Maghreb.

Above that on the area of tbo re

IL id)To God, Tdher. Below

verse,^
it, *X*_r* Muhammad ibn
^jj*J\ ^
as Sary. In Jamad al Akhcra, 205,
Muhammad ibn as was ap
Sary

pointed byMamun to be Governor of

Egypt after the death of his father,
who had held that post for the
second time for nearly four years
II. No. 24).
(PI.
205 E. T. R. T. 1769. Ldl To God.
206 E. T. R. T. 1781. Beneath the inscription on tbe area
of tho obverse, <dll Ju~?
^jj*d\ ^
'ObeidallahibnasSary. Abovo that
on the area of the revcrso, <U-i_:M

Al Khalifah. Below it,

^^UWAl
Mdmdn. In my tho place
specimen
of miutago is not given ; in other
respects it answers to the descrip

tion givcu hy T. No. 1781. On tho

death of Muhammad ibn as Sary in

I 206, his brother, 'Obeid allah ibn

as was to succeed
Sary, appointed

j I I him iu the government of Alitor.

 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 279

n??- In wiiosr I'.v whom Tv ,,

207 Eraehn. T. 1788. In ali like the preceding

respects
dinar the dato.
excepting
207 E. T. R. Inedited. This dinar is the first specimen of a
new typo of coin. Firstly, tho date

appears on tho obverse instead of

on tho reverse as and

hcretoforo;
a new from tho
secondly, quotation
Koran is introduced as a
marginal

legend ; thus,
Obverse, area?First a linear
symbol,
circle tho area from the
separates
inner legend.
Inner legend, IJJi> <uJI ~*J
L-jjJ

Marginal legend,^ jJJi ^

^j-*/**'

A broader linear circle surrounds

this, and forms a sort of rim.

Reverse, area in three lines?wX^sr^

<lUI Jj-h, which inscription is

a double linear circle
separated by
from tho marginal legend, the

second as far as
general symbol

Thero is no name on this dinar, so I

presume it to havo been struck in

Baghdad, as several contemporary

dirhams aro extant struck at that

and other places in the Mashrck

bearing this legend?JI^SI <uJ.

See Tiesenhausen, Nos. 1789, 1790

(PL III. No. 25).

280 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

n-un^vK
UKMA?ks.
?"?J &.?>T ^r
I I
208 ** Inedited. <dJIju^ *0to?
Obverse?^^Jl ^
a//rtA t?)i as Sary. Reverse, above

4iA^I Al Khalifah, below

ur?\\\
Al Mdmdn.
209 E. T. R. T. 1798. Same as tho preceding dinar of 208.
209 E. T. It. Iuedited. This dinar corresponds exactly with
Tiescnhauscu's No. 1798, except

ing that it does not bear the name

of the place of mintage, which of

I course must be Misr."
210 E. T. R. Iuedited. Bato on tho obverse and marginal

legend j^\^ <dl as on my

y^\\
dinar of 207. Reverse <dlTo God,
above the in the area.
inscription
Ou the obverse there is no line of

between tho urea and

separation
the On the reverse thero
legends.
is ono circle. The second symbol is

far as *>?
complctoas ^?.?^11 Jj.
215 E. T. It. Inedited. Like tho preceding dinar. Tho placo
of mintage is thus given, <0J\ *-u>j

In the name
,jj~j\* ^ 2yi*n ^juu^ji.
of God this dinar was struck in
Mcdinet es Salani the year 215

II I (PI.111.No. 26).
After the date of this din&r there is no difficulty in rogard
to the places of mintage, as they aro almost invariably men
tioned on the coins, together with the dato. I will therefore
conclude this notice with a list of somo still unpublished
dinars in the two collections.
Ou the following dinlirs the date appears ou the obverso,
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 281

and the marginal legend, *J\ J-J ^ /^

*U , is also on the
obverse, like tho diuars above described, 210 and 215.

_. In wiiosr llT WHOM r. ? ?,?__.?? Remarks.

???.?.._,
Datb- DEBimiPiiTR
Cabinkt. Emm..

219 0. 8. G. Inedited. j**} In Misr.

220 0. S. G. Inedited. ^*J InMisr.
222 E. T. 11. Inedited. JUI ?jJ*j In Medinet es Saldm (PL
\ III. No. 27).
225 C. S. G. Inedited. (J^Aj In JHmashk. On the reverse,
above tho in tho area, dlJ
inscription
To God, and below it, <dlb *^**ll
Al M'utasem billah (PL III. No. 28).
220 E. T. li. Iucditcd. InMeru, like the preceding of 225.
j^*j
232 E. T. li. Inedited. In Misr. Reverse dJJb aJJ
j^u jj\ ji\ |
| i To God, Al IFathik billah.
232 C. S. G. Inedited. U-^ij In San ad. Obverse, .ixs>-Jaafar.

Reverse, ill To God, *Ub Jjljll Al

IFathik billah. This Jaafar must be
the son of Al Wathik billah, who
succeeded his father under tho name

of Al Mutawakkcl 'al allah. A

die of the ordinary
neatly engraved

typo (PL III. No. 29).

234 C. S. G. Inedited. ^*j In Meru. Reverse, <dl To God,
<d]| <Jx Al Mutawakkel 'al
J^ill
allah.

23G C. S. G. Inedited. ^j ^^ In Sir man raa. Tbis is

a half dinar, judging from its sizo and

weight. Obverse, dl\&+s. y\ AbuAbd

allah. Reverse, <dlTo God, J&yuJI
<d!lJx Al Mutawakkel 'al allah (PL
III. No. 30).
238 C, S. G. Inedited. U_^aJ In San ad. Like that of the same
mint dated 232, but without the namo
282 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

l?_,.? I* WHOSE IlVWHOM

,. ,,

Jaafar, and with the name of the

I Khalifah <dltJLcjSyUll ^iJMuta

icakkel 'al allah.
240 C. S. G. Inedited. L_4J In J//>t. Reverse, *d) To God,
|
[ | | JJl Jx J>j_Jl yi/ Mutawakkel 'al
I | rt//?A.
242 I ** Inedited. j^u In 2/i>r. Obverse, .4/
<dlbjj^*Jt
Mhtazbillah. Reverse, dill^ J^^U
! ^1/Mutaivakkel 'al alUh.
246 I ** Inedited. 3jaj . Like the precedingof 242.
j
249 ** Iuedited. In -M^r. Obverse ^)
| \j*a* (jwLJl
| c;rJ~*?,*!l^rr?l AlAbbds, son of the
I Commander of tho Faithful. This is
I Abbas, son of Al Mastain billah, who
'
afterwards succeeded to the throno
under the namo of Al M'utamod 'al

! allah. ReverseaUIj Al
(jT*jCuuu-i)\
Mastain billah (PL III. No. a I).
250 E. T. It. IInedited. t*J-^ Iu Misr. Liko the preceding of
249.

252 C. S. G. Inedited. JUI ?kJJuj in Medinot es Saldm.

Like the preceding.
j
253 |C. S. G. Inedited. .JjIjuJU In Ash Shdsh. Reverse, above,
To God;
<0J
bclow,^~?l | <0Jbyzx^\
I Al M\ttaz billah, Com
^i^d\
mander of tho Faithful.
256 C. S. G. Inedited. \x^sj In San ad. Reverse, above, <dlTo
God; below, <d)b
^Ja^l
AlMuhtadi
billah, Commander of
^j+L+y+W j~+\
theFaithful.
' *
I j
257 ' InMedinet cs Saldm. Oh
C. S. G. Inedited. *LJ!?jJuj
; _ <d|
verse, Jaafar. Reverse,
jSla>-
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 283

D*TR- Dtsomrrivis Kkmahks.

Ca,hnT JlLn".r

<dllJx iUxJI To God?Al Mutamed

'al allah. This Jaafar is tho son of
Al M.uwnfTak, afterwards called Al
Mufawad il allah.
** Inedited. JLJlA;j_X4j InMcdincles Saldm. Liko
258
the preceding dinar of 257.
258 0. S. G. Inedited. j^iAi InMisr. Liko the preceding, but
beneath tho namo on the revcrso is a

word which I cannot decipher,

J*t&
259 E. T. li. Inedited. .&** InMisr. Like the
preceding, but
in placo of the word I could not de

cipher I find tho letter j or ^.

200 E. T. 11. Inedited. In Misr. Like the preceding.
j*oaj
201 E. T. li. Inedited. In Sir manrda. With the
^j\j ^yij^i
same word on the reverse as on tho

preceding dinar of 258 Misr.

203 E. T. 11. Inedited. ,?^^J In Misr. Liko the preceding.
203 C. S. G. Inedited. JLJ I *^jJuj In Medinet es Saldm.
Like the preceding.
268 E. T. li. Inedited. In Samarkand.
&X3j***j Obverse, be
neath the first <u)b ^jj AI Al
8}rmbol,

Muwaffak billah. Reverse, above, dJJ

To God; below, <dllJx ji^ujl Al
Mutamed 'al allah.

270 E. T. R. Inedited. In alAhwdz.

Obverse, above tho
jly^b
first symbol, probably bir (right),
y
and below it, <dlb Al Muwaffak
^JjU
billah. Reverse, above the
inscrip
tion in tho area, <dlTo God; below it,
<d)lJx J^-^Ll Al Mutamed al allah,
Jl jJ ZA'l wazdralein, holder
^^jjl
of two Yiziriats, or head of two ad
284 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

?:;_ I".ur I u?., ?*?,??.

i?|
ministrations, referring to Saad, who

was Vizir under Al M utamcd and also

under Al Muwaffak (PI. I'll. No. 32).
273 E. T. It. Inedited. A dinar of small size without phico of

mintage. Obverse, <dlta AI

<ji^*il
Muwaffak billah. Reverse, above, ail

To God; below, tOJ|JLr. ?*2juA\ Al

Mutamad 'al allah (PI. III. No. 33).
274 E. T. It. Inedited. In ar Rdfika. Obverse, below
&\J[)
the first symbol, aUI^ Al
^J?^\
Mufti
iva d il allah, and below the namo

a double scroll a cross.

forming

Reverse, above the inscription in

tho area, ail To God; and below it,
<d!t<JxAazxaWAI Mutamed'al allah,
<d)b Sa^>~\ Ahmed son of
(J.'*yA\^
al Muwaffak billah, and the lotter j
or A remarkablo dinar, as it
^.

gives the names of the reigning Kha

lifah Al M utamcd, of his brother ami

coadjutor Al Muwaffak, aud of bis
Ahmed, who afterwards suc
nephew
ceeded under the name of Al Mutadid.

275 E. T. R. Inedited. This dinar gives no place of mintage.

Tho area is smaller thau in preceding

dinars, thus more space for the

giving
double marginal legend. Obverse,

area, beneath the first symbol, Jm>~

Reverse, above the

Jaafar. inscrip
tion in tho area, id!To God ; below it,
jJJIJx J^*ixJ\ Al Mutamcd 'al allah
II i_~x_ Shueib? (PI. III. No. 34.)
j
 DINARS OF TUB AI.I.ASSIDE DYNASTY. 285

27.5 E. T. R. Inedited. InArtrAfaw/*. This is a very re

L^jyij
markable dinar, aud would perhaps
be more classified in the
correctly
Okcilidc dynasty. I leave it, how
ever, in this list, because of its re

markable interest on the

bearing

history of tho Abbassidcs.

Obverse, beneath tho first symbol,
<d)l
J| ^yUli Al Mufawad il allah,
beneath the name tho word Muham

mod in an ornamental form.

Reverse area,

<U_J

A_._sr"

J,-y
4_1_II

a_111 c-L ?_x_4jjlJI

<dll
Jl ^yJl^j aaj>-\

<c
To God. Muhammad, the Apostle

of God, Al M'utamed 'ol allah Ahmed,

son of AI Mufawad il allah Muhammad,
son of Safwan" III. No.
(IT. 35).

Ibn al Athlr says, in vol. vii. p. 270,

that in the year 109 (six years be
fore this dinar was struck) Ibn Safwan
al 'Akeili was in Karklsia, and thnt
Lulu, a freed slave and General in

tho army of Ahmed ibn Tulun, having

revolted against bis master, fled to Al
 286 DINAttS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

?"? u?c? .. i_t

?_"" *IZT

Muwaffak. On his way he stopped

at Karkisia, took it from Ibn Safwan,
and delivered it to Ahmed ibnMfdik
ibn Tawk.1 This dinar, now under

consideration, proves that Ibn Safwan

afterwards retook of this

possession

city, (hough I have not yet fouud an

historical record of the fact.

281 E. T. It. Inedited. The place of mintage is not given on

this dinar, which is in every respect
similar to the one dated 275 without
mintage. It ia remarkablo in that

the name Al Mutamcd al Allah is

still although, according
preserved,
to lhu al Athir and other authors,
this Khalifah died in the year 279.*
2S1 E. T. R. Inedited. In JIama dan. Obverse,area,be
^ItX^j
neath the first symbol, \>\J \ d^s-^3
'Omar, son of 'Aid al Aziz. Reverse,

j<z* L &*s?\ Ac i_ilU~ [ni i_j] l^Jj

u^o-U ^ ^i jijl

u*^^. di^A*-* j i^j-r \ cT*

^-.xuuJl ^ji (J-.^ t-^o^j ^-^ f^*

J\ jU> x3J\j J& yy\ j^\ .A ajUAS LLj^ t^lj <U1

-!jjLJ\ iJU^jel Jjliby>j

*
jJTJl^JijJjW iU AJJ\cL: J^vJl ^ y ^]
[rv<* l^J }
u>\*Nx*J L-^Ti lbu ul Athir, vol. vii. page 316.
ll^? ^^^i */**??V*de
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 287

Datk
UAT*' 1n *"oi,? Bt Tr,IOM
CaIHNET. EllITKU. UFSCRIPTITB
DrsraiPTiTB Upmarks
11F.MARKS.

above tbe inscription on the area, <dl

To God. Beneath it, <dlb JuJjl^JI
Al Mutadid billah (PL IV. No. 3G).
It seems from the account given by Ibn
al Athir that it was in this year 281
that Al Mutadid established his su
premacy in the eastern district, and

appointed 'Omar ibn Abd el 'Aziz,

whose namo appears on this dinar of

Hamadiin, as Governor of Nahavend,

iBpahun and al Kurj.

281 E. T. R. Inedited. In Ar Bdfikah. Reverse,
&3j\J\j
aJJb Ju^ijjmJIAl Mutadid billah.
280 C. S. G. Inedited, This is a beautiful little coin, probably
a third of a dinar, without place of

mintngo. Obverse, area,

A I_I To God
iX*iji*JI Al Mutadid
?U_JLj billah

Marginal legend. Tho first symbol.

Reverse, area,

Commander
j+-**\
fc^iJl of tho

^^Faithful.
Marginal legend, <Lw^j* *^l /^

!
Ojj JjH JlcUai j J-cJl i^b ?JI JuJixJ! jL [>a|] l^ ^

^\^) f3j^S &WjJ^JJj4/il l>^ P) ^ ^

,Xx &*2>~\teA^> Jx
JjjJI ^y j*?. jJij j-^il ^/j! t-U^Tjjj^Jlj
JljJb Jl jLc j ?
T^3I j JJjly ^ tj^r^ ^-^J \j) \J. Vi(UIbnal
Atbir, vol, vii. page 324.
VOL. VH,r-[NBW BE1UE3.J 19
288 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

,*_ In transit 11t whom t_?_.?_..__-..- -n.... _.___-.

ei^u-> In the name

^j-^jU*^ ^jUj j
of God, struck in the year 386 (PL
IV. No. 37).
292 E. T. R. Inedited. L-a*H *n Misr. Above the inscription
in the area of tho reverse, <dlTo God ;
below it, <dlb ^JcLtW Al Muktafi
billah. This is a highly interesting
coin, seeing that it is struck by the
Khalifah in Misr in tho year of tho
overthrow of Sheyban ibn Ahmed ibn
Tiilun, who was the last representa
tive of that grand but short-lived
dynasty tho Tulunidcs (PL IV. No.
38).
293 E. T. R. Inedited. l?i JTamaddn. Liko the pro
^1^^
ceding of 292.
293 E. T. li. Inedited. IQMisr. Liko the preceding of
\j^H
292. In addition, however, it has a
large dot beneath tho inscription of
both areas.

293 C. S. G. Inedited. In Dimashk. Like the pre

(j?~*JJ
ceding of 292.
294 E. T. R. Inedited. IQMisr. Like tho preceding of
Xj****
292.

294 E. T. R. Inedited. <& In Kwn. Like the preceding of 292.

296 C. S. G. Inedited. ^nMisr. Reverse, above the in
Ir^
scription in the To God; below
area, <dJ
it, aUIjjjcUl Al Muktadir billah.
300 E. T. R. Inedited. Iu Ar Bdfika. Obverse, area,
A&yb

ill 4-II )l There is no deity

?Jt-?>~j <UJI but God alone.

I j <J i lie has no associate.

j CSjj-Z*
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 289

D
UATF" In whose Btwtiom Dpvitiptivp Rfmarich
dmcriptivb kemabks.
Cabinet. Kihtku.

Abu 1 'Abbas, son of

^(jwLJI^jI
the Commander of the
{1j+~4j*!l\j~i\
Reverse, area.
[Faithful.

<0J To God
tX-4?s_* Muhammad

J j-?ij the Apostio

<*-1-II of God
<)dJb
jJdUll Al Muktadirbillah.

300 E. T. R. Inedited. In ITarrdn. Like the preceding,

^jsT
except that there aro no dots on the
reverse. The \ is here introduced in
the <ul* hundred, and also in the

preceding dinar. Al Muktadir's son

Abu '1Abbas afterwards succeeded as

Ar Racji billah.
301 E. T. R. Inedited. 2ub In Farah. Like the preceding,
but without any dots.
301 E. T. R. Inedited. In Dimashk. the pre
Like
(J./iu*JJ
ceding, and without any dots.
301 E. T. R. Inedited. j-a+J In Misr. Liko the preceding of
the same date.

302 C. S. G. Inedited. .**+* In Misr. Like the preceding.

303 C. S. G. Inedited. JU1 <U?*X*J In Medinet es Saldm.
Liko tho preceding.

30G E. T. R. Inedited. In Misr.

Liko tho preceding.
juxa\
306 C. S. G. Inedited. Ux^jj In Sanad. <d)b Al
jJcJUll
Muktadir billah (PI. IV. No. 39).
312 E. T. R. Inedited. InMisr. Like the preceding dinars
^-_*J
of the same
mintage.
312 ** Inedited. <U.Xf.s-Jlj In Al Muhammadiyeh. Like
290 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNA8TY.

1MWHOSK BY WHOM ,. ?
lWiir
1)A1"' Dkbcwptitu Rmarm.
Cauinet. Edited.

the preceding dinar of Misr, but

smaller in size.

312 E. T. R. Inedited Like the pro

In Dimashk.
JA^Jj
ceding dinar of Misr.
313 ** Iuedited. ^_mj InMisr. Liko the preceding dinar.
314 C. S. G. Inedited. \jc^i) In Sanaa. Obverse area, first
symbol, the j of tho word
CSjjJ*,
an ornamental tail. Legend,
having
I'^i [x'*^HjUJJI ljj&S-\^ Alii /MmJ

dJJ iJLs. In the name of

j Juuj\
God this dinar was struck in Sanaa
Tho word A*,* hundred
the3'ear314.
is suppressed, probably for want of
a
space. Outside tbis legend is fillet,
on which there is no legend. lie
j
verse, area, above, <dl 2h God; below,

dllb jAxiuJI Al Muktadir billah.

Legend, JI JJi ^^ Jl ^U . A fillet

without surrounds this, as on
legend
the obverse (PL IV. No. 40).
316 E. T. li. Inedited. In Ardbtl. Obverse, area,
J^b
III
A_LJl?a_IU

I
eJ^ (j*?L--~*JI j?j

There is no deity but God

alone. He has no associate.

Abu 1Abbas, son of

Ij j the Commander of thoFaithful.

 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 291

tia-t.
Da"- I" vrnonK Bt whom ii???-.??r-? Rbmaeri.
d.u..v.
Cadinkt. DKiCEirTnrE
Riiitmi.

Reverse, area,

J>-4-S_*

4-1-II Jj-j

To God.
Muhammad

the Apostle of God

Al Fath, son of Al Afshln,
Freedman of the Commander of the
Faithful (PL IV. No. 41).
317 ** Inedited. j^la.) InMisr. Like the preceding dinar
of the same mint.

322 C. S. G. Inedited. In Silk al Ahwd.%. After

j'^ll J.w
the namo of tho place there is a con

fused sign like which may bo

J\,
simply a repetition of the last two
letters of Suk al Ahwaz from the die
having shifted ; or it may be an im

perfectly struck preposition ^i in,

which is hardly probable, however,
that the use of tbe
seeing preposition
beforo the date of the year had been

in disuse ever since the early Omeyade

Reverse, above, <uJTo God;

period.

below, <dlb Ar Rddy billah.

^>\)\
325 E. T. It. Inedited. In Sdk al Ahwdt. Like
jlyblH Jj?j
the preceding.

325 E. T. It. Inedited. In Misr. Like the preceding;

^-a^j
but beneath the area in the obverse is
292 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

??? ?-""" ? K"""

_??' 1LST

a letter -. with tho diacritical point

in it, probably the initial of the word
&~>~ good.

328 ** Inedited. InMisr. Liko tho preceding, but

jo*\
*
iu place of the letter -. is a plain dot

aud on tho reverse at the bottom of

the area is an >-.

imperfect

329 E. T. It. Iuedited. ,**<*>) In Misr. Like tho preceding as

I to the inscription, and tho dot below

' the inscription in the area of the
obverse.

329 E. T. It. Inedited. r*x*j In Misr. Reverse, above the usual

inscription in the area, <li)

To God; and
below, <dlb Al Muttaki billah.
\Je~A\
These two dinars, struck in the samo

year, representing the last of one

Khalif and the first of his successor's
reign.
335 C. S. G. Iuedited. Uv__j In San ad. Obverse, area, first
symbol, the j and the word C?iJ#
an ornamental tail. Inner
having
circular legend, ljj& <-rV* *UI /^
lJJj. &*~? Ia^oJ .UJjJ 1
j^t^iij y i^as*-
In the name of God this dinar was
struck in Sanaa tho year 335 ; the
A~? omitted. On tho marginal fillet,

! Ui*aJ Struck in San aa. Ito verso,

i?jjJ

I
<d) Te God.
*A-_4_s.1 Muhammad

<dll the Apostle of God.

J*??j
AlMuttalillah.
dlj-IuJi
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 293

Below this name a star. Inner circular

legend, irl Jou^ j Jui ^ ~JI <dj.

On the marginal fillet, aUI Aj-^I U^t
By order of the Imam ; or, perhaps it

may bo read r-JI theEmir. This

and the dinar are of a new
following
I and hitherto unpublished typo. The
lettering is very inferior to that of
all preceding dinars (PL IV. No. 42).
336 C. S. G. Inedited. Io?___j In Sanaa, With the name of
allb Al Mustakfi billah(PL
^jL^\
IV. No. 43).
338 C. 8. G. Inedited. Ic-aJ In San ad. "With tho name of
aJJb Al Mustakfi billah.
LJflkjuuJ!
343 C. S. G. Inedited. UxcsJ In Sanad. With the name of
<dl Al Mu^a lillah (PL IV.
j-JaJl
No. 44).
355 E. T. Ii. Inedited. In Filas(in. This dinar must
^A_uJju
have been struck in Palcstino (prob
ably in Ramleb) during a temporary
success of tho Abbassidc Khalifah
against the Ekhshidites, the last of
whom, Abu *1Fawaris, was soon after

wards betrayed to the Fatemites.

600 C. S. G. Inedited. Obverse, area

ru?
jUuJI il <lJI J

dJJI
^oJ^AJI
^A-'^^fJwiJ IJ-+-+1
The Imam. There is no deity but
294 DINARS OF TIIE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

_*.,? ' !* wiio*? 11y wwou t. ?

lU Dmciiptite Umiami.
Caoihbt. Edited.

God alone. He has no associate. An

Naser ledin illah, Commander of the
| j Faithful.
Marginal legend, j J-J ^ ^ Jl <lU
??\ Sx) [1j^.
Inner circular legend,

*UI &ji-ViJj Li J11 &to L-Jj*a <dlI*m*j

<l)U c-vj L^vj <Lj In the name of
j

God this dinar was struck inMedinet

es Salam the year 606.

I Reverse, area,

<UJ jl^JI
|
_>_*_sr*
I

| aJJIJj?^
I jjx alHJ^
Praiso bo to God! Muhammad tho
Apostlo of God. May God bo propi
|
tious to him 1
i Marginal legend, second general eym
!
**
| bol.
608 Inedited. Like tho preceding.
614 ** Inedited. Like the preceding.
622 E. T. R. Inedited. Liko
| the preceding, but with the name
I
olt&\j?\>jbM\u4zZdherbiamrilhh,
who was the 35th Abbassido Khali fab,
I I who reigned only for a few mouths.
II I (PLIV. No. 45).

I havo no doubt that this list will bo of somo service to

the Oriental Numismatist who will undertake to contribute
to the new edition of Marsden tho article on the coins of tho
Khalifahs of Bani 'Abbus, and it is with this hope that I
hasten to submit it to you for publication.
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 295

Furthermore, I subjoin a list of the mints which are

proved to have existed under tho Khalifahs of Bani Umaya

or Bani 'Abbas, and a sketch-map, on which most of their
names will be found. This will givo an idea of the vastness
of the Muhammadau Empire at that early period.

No. inNo. In
Amble NamcB. No. T.?h Herri's
v.. *s _._?
'-* ,..???. from
n,
List. List. Marasid cl 'Ittila'a.

.A I Abrashahr 1 1 Said to ho the placo also

j^t*
, called Ni sap fir.
C^Cuu^l 2 Akhslkoth 2 1(> A city inMa waran Nahr,
the capital of Fargha
nah, on the banks of the
river of Ash Shash.

3 Azrabeijan 3 49 A province bounded on

^l^X-Jij!
tho cast
by Rarda'ab,
and on the west Ar
by
on the north
zanjau,aud
by the country of tho
Dciiam and A\ Tarrn.
Its chief towns aro

Tabriz, called
formerly
Al Maraghab, Khooy,
Salmas, Urmiyah, and
Ardbil.
4 Arran 4 An extensive province
^}j\
separated from Azra

bnijun by tho river Ar

Rasa. Amongst its
chief towns are Kanzah
or Janzab, Rarza'ah,
and Shamkur.

5 Arrajan 5 Vulgarly called Arra

^U-il
gliua. A town in Fars,
one from
day's journey
the sea.

6 Ardbil 23 Ono of the chief towns

J-jJjl
of Azrabeijfin.

*..>- .^.Jjl 7 Ardoshlr 6 25 Ouo of tho finest towns

Khurra in Fars.

8 Al Ardun 7 24 A district in Syria, in

,ju)JI
cluding theGhorTaha
riyeh, Sur and 'Akkah.
296 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

ArabicNames. No. "?? ??& <

,, K*^ el ,tU,tt
Maiu8id ?, tt*
Ll. LUt

9 Armlniyah 8 31 A large province in the

4-jjw^l
north. The smaller is

Teilis,thclargcrKhlat.
10 Uriniyah 9 30 A town in Azrabcijan.
<C*^
11 Ispahan 10 40 Tho namo of a province,
^l^-^l
and also of its capital,
which was first coUed
Jey.
12 Istakhr 11 45 Tho largest town of Ears.
jsP*\
13 Ifiikiyeh 12 52 A vast kingdom south of
*~hji\
tho island of Sicily;
the westernmost part
being south of the is
land of Ai Andnlus.
jw?l 14 Amod 13 64 [Diar Bekr, Soret.}

J~*l &jJu? 15 Medinet 65 [Tabaristau, Soret.']

Ainol

16 Andcrabah 14 69 A village 2 parasanga

AjIjJuI
from Marw.

(^JjJil 17 Al Audalus 15 71 A largo and important

island,ou tho south of
which is tho strait be
tween tho ocean aud
tho sea of ItCiui, the
width of which ia about
12 miles.

<U?lL_ul 18 Antakieh 16 73 The capital of Ath Tha

ghur ash Shainlyeh.
19 AlAhwaz 17 77 First called Al Ahwaz,
j\^i\
but softened by the
Persians to its prcscut
as
pronunciation, they
cannot pronounce the

letter ?. Said to be the

same as Khuzistdu.

LLI 20 __Elia 18 87 A namo of Jerusalem.

C-AJI 21 Al Bab 19 89 Distant from Manbaj

about 2 miles, and from
lialab about 10 mi lea.
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 297

. ., M in No. in
?No. Extracts from
Arabic Names. No. IV, Sorct's KmAd e| l|u|toV

22 Bukhara 20 102 The finest city of Ma

\Jjer
wara n Nahr. It is 7
days from Samarkand.
ArJj 23 Bcdaah 21 104
24 Badlls 22 105 A town in Armlnlyah,
^mJjj
<**> Khlfit.
25 Bazghls 23 106 [Circonscriptiond'llerat,
^_A^ijj
Soret.]
ArJj 2G Barzaah 24 107 A town in Azrabeijan.
Said to bo Arrau.

27 AlBa9rah 25 116 In al'Irak.

ifjuJi]
?JXUj 28 Baalbak 26 118 A city 3 days' journey
from Dimanhk.

!Lj<y* 29 Balkh(Mc-
" 27 120 A celebrated city in
^ ^
dinet) Khorasan.
La-Jl 30 Balkh al 28 121
C^
BeicH
jIj 31 Balad 29 122 An ancient city abovo
Mawsil.

32 AlBanjebir 30 130 A town neor Balkh; it

^ys^JI a silver
has mine.

JjlJI 33 Bihkubaz al One of 3 towns on tho

jlJL^ re
Asfal Euphrates called

spectively Bihkubaz al
a'ala, Bihkubaz al
Aw.sat, and Bihkubaz
al Asfal.

^jj+z*- c^J 34 Beit Jebrln 31 A town between Jeru

salem and Ghazzah.

35 Tustcrmin 32 151
jtybN^^uJ
al Ahwaz

iiAjiJi? 3G Tcflis 33 154 The capital of Jurzan.

37 AtTeimrah 34 158 One of two villages in
*jA~A\
Ispahan, called respec
... al Kubra
tively
and ... as Sughra.

38 Jurjan 35 166 A celebrated city between

tj^-js^
Tabaristan and IQiora
san.
208 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

Arabic
Na.no*.
INo. .,
I I^Ha^i"!^^HT.
39 Al Jezlrah 36 168
^jjJl
cjTA^- 40 Jundey Sa- 37 177 In Khuzistan, also called
>toL
pur Jundeishahpur.
41 ,loy 38 181 Tho city of Ispahan.
^fT
42 Hajar 39 183 TlieeityofAlYamameh.
yf^
[Capital of Yemen,
Soret.]
43 Han an 40 184 An ancient city, one day's
u\j^
from Raba.
journey
44 AiHusnor
^^IL^rl^^srl
alKhushu
l--Jj>- 45 Halab 41 190 A celebrated city in
Northern Syria.
1^*2+^ 46 Hums 42 193 A celebrated city between
Dimashk and Halab.
47 Khuua 43 211 A small town in Azra
Up-
bcijan.
J-JO 48 Debil 41219 In Arminiyeh.

uy^bJ 49 Darabjard 45 219 ICapital of Nisapfir, in

J
I (*?) I tho desert.
50 Deatawa 46 222 A town in Fars, said to
\f~ai}
bo Al Ahwaz.

J^L?J 51 Dimashk 47 225 Tho capital of Syria.

52 ^a al Aiu 48 235 The namo of a town be
e^l U^i>
tween Harran and
Nasibein. Formerly
called Ras aiu al

Khapur, but now ab

breviated into Ras al
'Aln. The river Hows
iuto tho Euphrates at
Karklslk abovo Ar
liahbah.
53 ArRafikah 49 237 A town new Ar Rakkah.
&\)\\
54 Rarahormuz 50 238 In Khuzistau.
J*J*(\> I
<*^>JI 55 Ar Rahbah 51 240 There are Beveral places
of this name.

&J\\
56 Ar
I Rakkah| 52 |243When
| Ar Rakkahwas
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 299

No. ^ No. in Extracts from

Arabic Names. No. SorcCs
MarM|(| d .^^
T.Js

ruined, Ar Rafikah be
came the capital in its
stead.

57 Arllamlch 53 246 Formerly the

sL*J\ capital of
Filastin, eighteen miles
from Jerusalem.
58 ArltahA. 54 248 A city inAI Jezi rah abovo
U>J\
llarran.
59 ArRey 55 250 The chief town of Jebal,
Cs)\
'Irak
Ajamy.
60 Zerenj 56 252 The capital of Sejistan.
gTjj
61 Sapfir 57 259 A town 25 parasangs
jy)\~*
from Shiruz.
62 58 208 A province whose
,^Lx?__^_~, Sejistan capital
is
Zerenj.
63 Sarakhs 59 273 An ancient city of Khor
{j^r>^3
(*?) asan, between Nisapur
and Marw.
64 Surrak 60 274 Ono of the villages of
j^
Al Ahvvfiz.
i*fj* fi5 Sirraanraa 61 277 Founded by al M'ustaa
d^j
scm, between Baghdad
and Takrlt.

K1y^J^ 66 Sirraln 62 278 A celebrated village near

Halab.

o^r*-* 67 Sirwun 63 279 A small town in Sejistan.

<U*L> 68 Salamlyeh 64 A village in the desert,
2 days'
journey from
Uamah.
69 Samarkand 65 288 A celebrated city said to
*x3jA~a
have been built hy
Alexander the Great.
The capital of Saghd.
South of tho valley of
$aghd.
70 As Sus 66 297 A town in Khuzistan.
^dl
71 Sfik al Ah- 67 298 [Khuzist&n, Soret.]
jlj*J\ j^
wfiz

72 SfikMnrrah G8 2"
*/* dr" [Khuzistin, Soret.]
300 DINARS OF TflE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

... No.in
MM No.in Extracts from
Arabic Names. No.
T/8 &??*' Maragid c| .^^
List. List.

73 Seiraf 69 300
lJ\j~> [Farsistan, Soret.]
74 Ash Shash 70 305 A city near Ar Rey.
^UJI
75 Shiraz 71 319 The capital of Fars.
j\jJ^
U_* 76 Sanaa 72 324 The capital of Yemen.
jjo 77 Sur 73 325 A celebrated ancient
city
on the coast of Syria,
projecting into the sea.
78 Tabarislan 74 329 Also called Mazandcran.
^L-^J?
79 Tabariyah 75 330 One of the citica of the
&jjl>
Jordan, built ou tho
border of a lake of tho
3
8ameuame, days from
Dimashk.
<L=a_ 80 Tanjah 76 337 On the shore of the sea
of Al Maghreb, one
day's journey from
Cebta (Ceuta).
JU1I 81 Alaal 77
CJ^\ 82 Al Abbasi- 78 340 Near al Kufah.
yah
83 Al Irak 79 342 An extensive
jj/Jl province
between al Mawsil aud
'Abbadan.
84 Usfan 80 345 Near Mckkah.
JuJsl
{bis)

a>f~* iLun 85 Askar Mu- 81 344 An town in

important
kram Khuzist&n.

<tL 86 Akkah 82 347 A fortified town on the

coast of Syria.
87 Amman 83 350
^Ux
88 Ghazzah 84 A town on tho coullnes
*j-c
of Syria, towards Misr.
Two parasangs from
'Askahm.
89 Fars 85 355 An extensive province,
(jwjlj
bounded by AI 'Irak at
Arrajau; Ivcrman at
Seirajan; tho ludiau
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 301

No.In No.In Extract* from

Arabic Names. No. T 's Korei'a
Maraald d .Ittjla?a.
List. List.

Ocean at and
Seiraf;
Sind at Mikran. Its
chief towns arc I^akhr,
Ardcshlr Khurra, Dar
Hhjard, arid Sapfir.
C-^Lall 90 Al Furat 80 Name given to many
villages irrigated by
the river Euphrates.
91 Farah 305 A city of
Hj3 Scjislan.
LJ 92 Fasa 87 370 A beautiful city in Fan,
4 from
days' journey
Shiraz, and8 parasangs
from Kazarun.

Llkuuil! 93 AlFusta* 88 371 Near al Kuhirah.

94 Filastln 89 373 The south
^Llli [Palestine.]
ern district of
Syria,
'nearest to Misr. Its
capital is Jerusalem.

JJ 95 Fll 90 376 An ancient city in Khn

wArizm ; first called
EH, after wards Man su
rah, and now called
Karkanj.
<C~>jJLll 96 AlTCudslyah 91
97 TCasresSa- 92 392 Built byHariinarRashid
AJi\j^3
lam near ar Rakka.
IS 98 Kum 93 395

99 Kinnisrin 94 397 A city one day's

^.^uZj journey
from Halab.

L*uJJ 100 Karkisiah A city at the mouth of

the river It
Khapur.
is partly on tho Eu

phrates, and partly on

the Khapur.

1^*^*3 101 Kumis 95 400 A district in Tabaristan.

Its capital is
Darnghan,
between Ar Hay and
Nisapur.
102 Kerman 96 419 A district between Fnrs,
ijXiS
Makran, Sejistan and
302 DINARS OP THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

k No.,. No. in No. in

M Extracts from
Arabic Names. 'IVs Sorcl's ?. , , ,,_.., ,
Marasul cl 'Ittila'a.
List. LUt.

Khorasan, celebrated
for its tin mines.

,\?? 103 Kankawar 97

104 AlXufah 91 440 The celebrated city in Al
&i?A
'Irak.

J! 105 Ludd 99 448 A city in Filastfn, near

Jerusalem.

106 Maridin 100 454 A fortified city in Al

^jjjU
Jezirah, looking to
wards Data and Na$l
beiu.

*L 107 MahalBas- 101 458 A namo applied toNaha

a^JI
rah vend (as well as to
llnmnzfui aud Xum),
becauso were con
they
quered by the people
of Al Ihi 8rah.

*L 108 MahalKu- 102 459 Ad Dcnawar, so called

JLijfll
fah because conquered by
the people ofAl Kfifah.
JbU 109 MTihy 103 460 One of two villages near
Marw, together called
Al Mahiau.

110 Al Mubra
&j~&
kah (for
<n?iL*II A1 Atubari- 104 461 A town of Khawarizm.
knh)
111 Al Muta- 105 463 Near Samarra.
A^yuH
wakkell

iUA^s^l 112 AlMuham- InArRcy.106 465

[auparavont
madiyeh Re)r, Soret.]
AJA <LuX*
" 113 Mcdinet es 108 474 Old namo of Baghdad.
1 Salam
.1.^-11 _?j.v_ 114 Mcdinet es 107
*
Sctcilim
A.^:\\ <UJ^ " Med. 472
r" (for
etTesliiu)
115 AlMazar 109 471 In Mcisan, between
j\?aA (bh) and Bagrah.
^VVaait
 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY. 303

No. in No. in Extracts from

Arabic Names. No. t.'ii Soret's ,
M |d , ,j?
List. List.

116 Marw HO 480 The capital of Khorasan.

)j?
117 Misr 111 487 The namo of Egypt and
ja.*
of its capital.
118 Maadan 112 493 Near Khl&t in Armini
t>j+^*2f*^Jjl*
JlujhicH yah.
119 Maadan ash 113 494
^UJI^,^*
Shash
120 MaaratMis- 114 Five from
^j.*a^ lye* parasangs
rein Hal ab.
121 Manazir 115 499 In Khuzistan.
jjL^
122 Al Mansft- HO 505
ZjyauM
rah

123 AlMawsil H7 511 One of the largest cities

J-*jJI
in tho Muhammadan
Empire. It is the gate
of Al 'Irak and tho key
of Khorasan. I have
often heard it said that
thero are three cele
brated cities, namely
Nisapur, because it is
the gate of the East;
Dimashk, because it is
the gate of the West;
an d AIM aw s il, because
a person to cither
going
of them must pass
through it. It is 74
parasangs from Bagh
dad.

AJJ^JI 124 Al Mahdl- 118 501

[EraqucArabiqucf?<>rd<]
yah
^L*^* 125 Meisan 119 514 A populous district be
tween Wusit and Al
Basrah.
120 Naslbein 120 520 Also called Nasibun. In
UZ+z?a't
Jczirah, on the caravan
road between Al Maw
?il aud Dimashk,
dJftj 127 Nahawand 121
128 N"hr Tlra 122 527 Near Al Ahwaz.
^S^lrV
VOL. 20
VII.?[NBW 8E1UEB.]
304 DINARS OF THE ABBASSIDE DYNASTY.

. t. ,..No.
., in No. iu Extracts from
List. List.

^ LuJ 129 Neisapur 123 528 Thirty parasangs from

Marw.

130 Wasi* 124 537 Half-way between Al

LJ,
Basrah and Al Kufah.
iU^l^Jt
131 Al llashc- 125 529 A town near Al Kufah.
mi yah
132 Herat 126 530 One of the oldest towns
i\yb
of Khorasan.

jlA..s,U 133 Harunabad 127 531

134 Alllaruui- 128 532 A small town noar Mnr
.U-4,l^J|
yah a'ashjiuthe Syrian pass
of Mount al Lukkam,

fliill J^r, founded

by Ilarua ar Rushid.
135 Hamadan 129 533 A city with 120 villages.
u\j^?
<uLJI 136 Al Yama- 130 550 [Pour Hadjr Yemen,
niehSoret.]

CORRECTIONS.

281, on coin dated 236, read instead . . .

Page ?$\j ^ j*?\ of ^jj

? 296, No. 20 (Soret 89), dele the statement 'Distant from/ etc.,
and rcuid, A town on the banks of the Caspiau Sou, also
called Darband.'

? 297, No. 33, read oLiL^j instead of jLJLyJ.

 1~
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s
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SKETCH MAp "' ^\

ofthe -.
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 '
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 "
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aJ?V^''' ill ? \>
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vA saAfe^^^i^*11' $V
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y^s~~^
 ~. '
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sketch map x">\

M1UMA1MMABA1I lEMPEEI
uncle?" the

amawi & Abbasi khalifahs

shewing the known JJihtages
 AL
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or-AlTuspxt I S\
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PAHS
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