Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

Report on Edwards Personal Preference

Schedule (EPPS)

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) is a forced choice, objective,

non-projective personality inventory, derived from the theory of H. A. Murray, which
measures the rating of individuals in fifteen normal needs or motives.

Objective of Personal Preference Schedule:

The Personal Preference Schedule is designed as an instrument for counseling
purposes. This schedule provides quick and convenient measures of a number of
relatively independent normal personality variables.

The Fifteen Personality Variables

1. Achievement (ach) : A need to accomplish tasks well

2. Deference (def) : A need to conform to customs and defer to others
3. Order (ord) : A need to plan well and be organized
4. Exhibition (exh) : A need to be the center of attention in a group
5. Autonomy (aut) : A need to be free of responsibilities and obligations
6. Affiliation (aff) : A need to form strong friendships and attachments
7. Intraception (int) : A need to analyze behaviors and feelings of others
8. Succorance (suc) : A need to receive support and attention from others
9. Dominance (dom) : A need to be a leader and influence others
10. Abasement (aba) : A need to accept blame for problems and confess errors
11. Nuturance (nur) : A need to be of assistance to others
12. Change (cha) : A need to be of assistance to others
13. Endurance (end) : A need to follow through on tasks and complete
assignments
14. Heterosexuality (het) : A need to be associated with and attractive to
members of the opposite sex
15. Aggression (agg) : A need to express one's opinion and be critical of others

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 Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

Test consistency:
In addition to the above 15 personality variables, the EPPS provides a measure of test
consistency. Fifteen pairs of items are repeated twice for the consistency scale.

Validity of the Schedule:

The inventory consists of 225 pairs of statements in which items from each of the 15
scales are paired with items from the other 14 plus the other fifteen pairs of items for
the optional consistency check. This leaves the total number of items (14x15) at 210.
Edwards has used the last 15 items to offer the candidate the same item twice, using
the results to calculate a consistency score. The result will be considered valid if the
consistency checks for more than 9 out of 15 paired items.

Reliability:
The inter-correlations of the variables measured by EPPS are quite low. It indicates
that the variables being measured are relatively independent and the schedule is quite
reliable.

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My Profile

Name: Jahin Masnun

Age: 18 years
Gender: Male
Current Educational Status: 1st year BBA student
Institute: Institute of Business Administration, University of Dhaka.
Date of taking the personality test: February 1, 2008

Analysis of the result in terms of 15 personality variables

Achievement:
The characteristics of achievement are as follows:
• to do ones best
• to be successful
• to accomplish tasks requiring skill and effort
• to be recognized authority
• to be able to do things better than others
• to write a great novel or play

Score of my achievement:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
Achievement
6 9 15 50

The result shows that I have a moderate need for achievement. I do not want to write a
great novel or to be recognized authority. But I want to do my best, to be successful,
to be able to do things better than others and to accomplish tasks requiring skill and
effort.

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 Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

Deference:
The characteristics of deference are as follows:
• to get suggestion from others
• to find out what others think
• to follow instruction and do what is expected
• to praise others
• to let others make decisions
• to conform to custom and avoid the unconventional

Score of my deference:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
deference
5 8 13 73

The score suggests that I have a relatively moderate deference. I like to get suggestion
from others, to find out what others think, to follow instruction, to do what is
expected and to praise others. I dont always want to let others make decisions.
Order:
The characteristics of order are as follows:
• to have written work neat and organized
• to make plans before starting on a difficult task
• to keep things neat and orderly
• to organize details of work
• to keep letters and files according to some system
• to have things arranged so that so that they run smoothly
without change

Score of my order:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
order

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 Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

8 10 18 96

The score suggests that I have a high need for orderliness. So, I have most of the
aforementioned characteristics.

Exhibition:
The characteristics of exhibition are as follows:
• to say witty and clever things
• to tell amusing jokes and stories
• to talk about personal adventures and experience
• to talk about personal achievement
• to be the center of attention
• to ask question others cannot answer

Score of my exhibition:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
exhibition
9 7 16 72

The score suggests that I have a moderate need for exhibition. I like to say witty and
clever things, to tell amusing jokes and stories, to be the center of attention. But I do
not like to talk about personal adventures and experience, to talk about personal
achievement and to ask question others cannot answer.

Autonomy:
The characteristics of autonomy are as follows:
• to be able to come & go as desired
• to say what one thinks about things
• to feel free to do what one thinks
• to do things that are unconventional
• to do things without regard to what others may think
• to avoid responsibilities and obligation

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 Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

Score of my autonomy:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
autonomy
3 2 5 02

I have a very low need for autonomy. I do not like to be able to come & go as desired,
to say what one thinks about things, to feel free to do what one thinks, to do things
that are unconventional, to do things without regard to what others may think, to
avoid responsibilities and obligation.

Affiliation:
The characteristics of affiliation are as follows:
• to be loyal to friends
• to participate in friendly groups
• to form new friendship
• to make many friends as possible
• to share things with friends
• to write letters to friends

Score of my affiliation:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
affiliation
5 4 9 11

I have a low affiliation score. This result suggests that I am loyal to my friends, I like
to form new friendship and I like to share things with friends. But I do not wwrte
letters to friend. I am a little skeptic in making as many friends as possible.

Intraception:
The characteristics of intraception are as follows:
• to analyze one’s motives and feelings

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• to observe others
• to find how others feel about problems
• to predict how others will act
• to analyze others behavior

Score of my intraception:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
intraception
8 9 17 57

According to the result, I have an average need for intraception. That means, I want to
analyze one’s motives, to observe others, to analyze others behavior. But I do not
want to
to find how others feel about problems and to predict how others will act.

Succorance:
The characteristics of succorance are as follows:
• to have others provide help when in trouble
• to have others be kindly
• to have others be sympathetic
• to receive a great deal of affection from others
• to have a fuss made over one when hurt

Score of my succorance:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
succorance
9 6 15 83

The score suggests that I have a relatively high need for succorance. I want to have
others provide help when in trouble, to have others be kindly, to have others be
sympathetic, to receive a great deal of affection from others. But I do not want to have
a fuss made over one when hurt.

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Dominance:
The characteristics of dominance are as follows:
• to argue for one’s point of view
• to be a leader in groups to which one belongs
• to make group decision
• to settle disputes between others
• to supervise and direct the actions of others

Score of my dominance:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
dominance
2 7 9 8

I have a very little need for autonomy ass my score is 8 out of 99. So, I do not like to
argue for one’s point of view, to be a leader in groups to which one belongs, to make
group decision, to supervise and direct the actions of others. But I like to settle dispute
between others.

Abasement:
The characteristics of abasement are as follows:
• to feel guilty when one does something wrong
• to accept blame when things do not go right
• to feel depressed by inability to handle situation
• to feel inferior to others in most respect
• to feel the need for confession of errors

Score of my abasement:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
abasement
9 5 16 61

My score in this personality variable suggest that I have an average abasement. I feel
guilty when one does something wrong, feel depressed by inability to handle situation

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and feel the need for confession of errors. I do not accept blame when things do not
go right and do not feel inferior to others in most respect

Nurturance:
The characteristics of nurturance are as follows:
• to help friends when they are in trouble
• to treat others with kindness and sympathy
• to show a great deal of affection toward others
• to forgive others
• to be generous others

Score of my nurturance:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
nurturance
5 8 13 46

I have a slightly less score in this personality variable. I help friends when they are in
trouble, treat others with kindness and sympathy and show a great deal of affection
toward others. I am not always generous to others and I can not easily forgive others
when they do wrong to me.

Change:
The characteristics of change are as follows:
• to do new and different things
• to travel
• to meet new people
• to experience novelty
• to eat in new and different places
• to participate in fashion

Score of my change:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to

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 Report on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)

change
9 6 15 50

I have obtained an average score in this section which indicates I want to do new and
different things, to eat in new and different places, and to experience novelty. But I do
not always like to travel, to meet new people and to participate in fashion.

Endurance:
The characteristics of endurance are as follows:
• to keep at a job until it is finished
• to complete any job undertaken
• to put in long hours of hours without distraction
• to work hard at a task
• to avoid being interrupted while at a work
• to work at a single job before taking on others
Score of my endurance:

Row Column Sum Score obtained to

endurance
6 19 16 75

I have a relatively high endurance. I keep at a job until it is finished, complete any job
undertaken, work hard at a task and avoid being interrupted while at a work. I do not
always put in long hours of hours without distraction and work at a single job before
taking on others.

Heterosexuality:
The characteristics of heterosexuality are as follows:
• to go out members of opposite sex
• to engage in social activities with opposite sex
• to be in love with opposite sex
• to be regarded as physically attracted by opposite sex
• to participate in discussions about sex

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• to become sexually excited

Score of my heterosexuality:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
heterosexuality
12 11 23 89

The score suggests that I want to engage in social activities with opposite sex, to be
in love with opposite sex, to be regarded as physically attracted by opposite sex and to
become sexually excited. I also participate in discussions about sex.

Aggression:
The characteristics of aggression are as follows:
• to attack contrary points of view
• to tell others what one thinks about them
• to tell others off when disagreeing with them
• to get revenge for insults
• to blame others when things go wrong
• to read newspaper accounts of violence

Score of my aggression:
Row Column Sum Score obtained to
aggression
5 7 12 47

According to the result, I am less aggressive. Because I do not read newspaper

accounts of violence, get revenge for insults or attack contrary points of view.
Sometimes I blame others when things go wrong and tell others what I think about
them.

Test of Consistency

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After adding up the sum of the raw score of row and columns, my score is 210
(=15+13+18+16+5+9+17+15+9+14+13+15+16+23+12).
The consistency checks are 13.
So, according to Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), this test is
consistent.

Percentile chart

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The following bar chart shows the percentile of my personality in terms of different
personality variables:

Percentile of Edwards Personality

Schedule

Aggression
Heterosexuality
Endurance
Change
Nuturance
Personality Variable

Abasement
Dominance
Succorance
Intraception
Affiliation
Autonomy
Exhibition
Order
Deference
Achievement

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percentile

Series1

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APPEENDIX

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