Fossil fuels ppt.

- Presentation Transcript
1. Fossil Fuels
By: Natalie Groshon
2. What are fossil fuels?
Fossil fuels are natural resources, such as coal, oil and natural gas, containing
hydrocarbons. These fuels are formed in the Earth over millions of years and
produce carbon dioxide when burnt.
3. Different Types of Fossil Fuels
There are three types of fossil fuels which can all be used for energy are
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
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Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed over millions of years by decay of land
vegetation. When layers are compacted and heated over time, deposits are turned
into coal. Coal is abundant compared to the other two fossil fuels.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Oil
is a liquid fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of marine microorganisms
that were left on the bottom of the sea floor. Oil is the most widely used fossil
fuel.
----------------------------------------------------------------------Natural gas is a gaseous
fossil fuel that is abundant and clean compared to coal and oil. Like oil, it is
formed from the remains of marine microorganisms. It is a relatively new type of
energy source.
4. Refineries
A refinery is a production facility composed of a group of chemical engineering
unit processes and unit operations refining certain materials or converting raw
material into products of value.
5. Why are refineries important?
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil
is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline.
Oil refineries are usually large industrial complexes with extensive piping running
throughout. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can
be thought of as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically
been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot at or near
an oil refinery for storage of bulk liquid products.
6. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
The Exxon Valdez oil spill happened in Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March
24, 1989. The Exxon Valdez, an oil tanker bound for Long Beach, California, hit
Prince William Sound’s Bligh Reef and spilled an estimated minimum 10.8
million US gallons (250,000 barrels) of crude oil. It is considered to be one of the
most devastating human-caused environmental disasters ever to occur in history.
As significant as the Valdez spill was it ranks well down on the list of the world's
largest oil spillsin terms of volume released. Prince William Sound's location
made government and industry response efforts difficult and severely taxed
existing plans for response. The region is a habitat for salmon, sea otters, seals
 and seabirds. The oil, originally extracted at the Prudhoe Bay oil field, eventually
covered 1,300 miles of coastline and 11,000 square miles of ocean.
7. Deepwater Horizon Oil Catastrophe
Deepwater Horizon was an ultra-deepwater, dynamically positioned, semi-
submersible offshore drilling rig which sank on April 22, 2010, causing the
Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The spill was the result of an explosion two days
earlier where 11 crewmen died. Deepwater Horizon was built in 2001 in South
Korea. It is owned by Transocean and was leased to BP plcuntil September 2013.
It was registered in Majuro , Marshall Islands . In September 2009, the rig drilled
the deepest oil well in history at a vertical depth of 35,050 feet and measured
depth of 35,055 feet. The oil spill may become one of the worst environmental
disasters in United Stateshistory.