53RD ORIENTATION PROGRAMME

10-02-2010 to 09-03-2011

PROBLEMS OF BAKERY PRODUCTION

IN
ILKAL TOWN

A MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT PROPOSAL

Investigator
Prof. NAGARAJ H. MUDAGAL
M.Com., M.Phil
Lecturer in Commerce
Govt. First Grade College
Ilkal - 587125
Karnataka State

Submitted to
Dr. MEENA R. CHANDAVKAR
M.Com, Ph.D.
DIRECTOR
Academic Staff College,
Karnataka University,
Dharwad– 580 003

PART-A
 SUBMISSION OF PROPOSAL FOR MINOR RESEARCH
PROJECT

1. Board Subject : Commerce

2. Area of Specialization : Problems of Bakery
Products in
Ilkal town
3. Duration : 12 months
4. Principal Investigator :
i. Name : Nagaraj H. Mudagal
ii. Sex : Male
iii. Date of Birth : 16-05-1968
iv. Qualification : M.Com., M.Phil
v. Designation : Lecturer
vi. Address-Office : Department Commerce
Govt. First Grade College
Ilkal-587125
Residence : N. H. Mudagal
3rd Ward, H.No.1390,
Bazaar Road, Hungund-587118
5. Co-Investigator : No.

6. Name of the Institution where the project will be

undertaken
The project will be under taken at Govt. First Grade College,
Ilkal
1. Department : Commerce
2. College/ University : Karnatak University, Ilkal
(Please mention the name of affiliating university)

7. Whether the college/University is a : No

Approved under section 2(F) and
12B of the UGC Act?

8. Teaching and Research experience of Principal Investigator :

a) Teaching experience :
UG : 10 years
PG :-
 b) Research experience : 04 years
c) Whether the project has been approved by the University for
the doctoral
degree?
If so, please indicate : NA
a) Date of Registration : NA
b) Name and Designation of : NA
the Supervisor approved
by the university
c) Name of the University : NA
where registered
d) In case the teacher holds a doctoral degree : No
i. Title of the thesis : Nil
ii. Year of the award of degree : Nil
iii. Name of the University : Nil
e) Publication paper published : Nil
(Please enclose the list of papers and books published and/or
accepted during last five years)

PART-B
PROPOSED RESEARCH WORK

8.(i) Project Title : Problems of Bakery Products in Ilkal City

(ii) Introduction following information are given in enclosures – 2
• Origin of the research problem
• Inter disciplinary relevance
• Review of research and development in the subject
(iii) Objective
(iv) Methodology
(v) Details (others)

9. Financial Assistance required

Item Estimated expenditure
i) Books and journals : (Given in Enclosure-3)
ii) Equipments
a) Computer with all services :
b) Field work and travel :
 c) Internet connectivity and maintain:
iii) Contingency (Including special needs)
Total Rs.135000/-
(Rs. One Lakh Thirty five thousand
only)
(Preparation of report, obtaining the reports and other stationary
requirement and also includes other special needs)

10. Whether the teacher has receive support for the research
project from the UGC under major, minor, scheme of support for
research or form any agency?
If so, please indicate : No
1 Name of the agency from which the assistance was Nil
approved
2 Sanction letter No. and date under which the assistance Nil
was approved
3 Amount approved and utilized Nil
4 Title of the project for which assistance was approved Nil
5 In case the project was completed, whether the work on Nil
the project has been published
6 If the candidate was working for the doctoral degree Nil
was submitted and accepted by the university for the
award of degree
(A summary of the report / thesis is about 1,000 words
may please be attached with the application
7 If the project has not been completed, please state the Nil
reasons

11. a) Details of the projects / scheme completed or ongoing

with the P.I.
Name of Year Year Total Equipment /
the stated completed infrastructural
agency facilities
obtained
Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Equipment :
There is a separate office and chamber to carry the research
work. The institution also has well equipped library and other
infrastructural facilities to carry on the research work, without any
hindrance. There is also internet facility in the department.
University facilities such as library books, journals and other
facilities can also be used to smoothly carry out the project.
Other Infrastructural Facilities : Nil
Any other information which the investigator may like to give
in support of this proposal which may be helpful in evaluating.

Methodology :
The respondents in this sample mainly include the Bakery
owners, who are suffering a lot of problems in Marketing their
bakery products.

Sample Size :
Purposive sampling techniques will be used for colleting data
source of data collection.

* Primary Source :
The primary date would be collected personally from various
bakery owners by visiting at their place.

* Development of Tools :
a. For analyzing of data collected, simple averages, statistical
measures, percentages etc., will been used.
b. Inter Bakery units and inter period analysis will be made in the
study.

* Method of data collection :

The methodological approach of data collection includes
questionnaires method, interview method, will be using to collect
the data.

* Structured questionnaires :
Structured questionnaire will be prepared to obtain the
information face selected sample for the purpose of the study.
 ENCLOSURE-3
FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE REQUIRED
Item Estimated Expenditure
i) Books and Journals : Rs.35000/-
ii) Equipments :
a) Computer with all service : Rs. 25,000/-
b) Laser Printer : Rs. 15,000/-
c) Field work and Travel : Rs. 15,000/-
d) Internet Connectivity and Maintain : Rs. 20,000/-
iii) Contingency : Rs. 25,000/-
Total : Rs.1,35,000/-

(Rs. One Lakh Thirty Five Thousand Only)

(Preparation of report, obtaining the reports and other stationary

requirement and also includes other special needs)
Interviews :
The information will be obtained through questionnaire and
interview scheduled. The respondent in the interview method will be
the producers/ owners of bakery units.
Analysis of data results :
The data collected from the Ilkal Bakery units regarding the
problems faced by them in the marketing of Bakery products would
be analyzed and interpreted by using simple averages, statistical
measures, percentages as mentioned in the methodology. For
presentation of data different diagrams, graphs and parentage
analysis will be used.
Report (Search Design) :
After completion of the project work the detailed report of the
same will be prepared and chapter wise presentation of the same
would be done. The following is the tentative chapterisation of the
report.
1st Chapter : Introduction and Research Design
2 Chapter :
nd
Growth of Bakery units in Ilkal City
3 Chapter :
rd
Analysis of the Problems of Bakery in Ilkal
4 Chapter :
th
Evaluating the performance of the bakery units
from customer’s angle
5 Chapter :
th
Findings and Suggestions

Year wise plan of work and target to be activated

 • Revisions of literature on the topic of the project : 4
months
• Collection Data : 5 months
• Analysis of Data : 5 months
• Documentation : 4 months
PART-B
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
(Enclosure-2)
1. Project Title : “Problems of Bakery Products in Ilkal Town
2. Introduction :
Bakery products are the customer products which are
prepared in the bakery within a short period of time. Bakery
products are household products of the lower unit value. Bakery
products are called “Consumer Goods” since they are frequently
purchased and also with minimum efforts. Bakery products can also
be called as “Staples goods” that the consumer purchase on regular
basis. Bakery products are also called as “Impulse goods” since they
are purchased without any planning or search effort.
Bakery products are non-durable ion nature and therefore,
they are consumed rather rapidly and also called as “one shot
items”. Bakery units are located at every corner of the city since the
demand for these products has been rapidly increasingly.
Bakery units can be started with a minimum ant of capital and
requires the skilled laborers.
Bakery products are versatile foods available in several forms.
These products can be purchased ready to eat. But many may
factors effect consumer demand for bakery products including price,
income, population, tastes and preferences.
Bakery products are highly perishable products. Because of
perishability there is no foreign market for Bakery products. These
products have got veg short shelf life. They acquire special
merchandising facilities for marketing.
Bakery products are sold directly to the consumers and there
are no agents or middlemen under this business. The consumer
himself comes to the producer of the goods, pay the price and
purchase the goods. Bakery products are purchased by all people
irrespective of caste, religion, status etc.,
 Bakery products are sold more during the time of festivals like
Christmas, New year and Semi-subsistence communities depend
greatly on Bakery products, urban population especially in the
medium and higher income consume an increasing large portion of
Bakery products.

2.1 Origin of Research Problem

The Bakery industry plays an important role in terms of
employment potentialities. It is a business that can be started with
lesser capital and non sophisticated technical skills.

The Bakery units right from the production to marketing of

products lack modern technique of marketing resulting in lesser
profits. The problems that are faced by bakery units can be broadly
classified into two types.

1. External Problems :
External problems are such as availability of power and other
infrastructure required for smooth running of bakery units.

2. Internal Problems :
Internal problems affecting the bakery units relating to the
production structure, production channel, distribution channel,
technical know, how, management etc.,

The growth of bakery units has not been satisfactory despite

of various provisions for its promotion one of the major handicap is
the absence of the latest method of production which alone can
ensure quality and high rate of marketing.

Marketing of bakery products is one of the stumbling blocks

for the bakery units. The main problems which are faced in
marketing the bakery products are enumerated below.

1. Poor quality
2. Scale of production
 3. Packing
4. Competition in foreign market
5. Financial weakness

The person engaged in this business is not aware and also not
serious of improving his business through modern methods. They
are not showing much interest in improving the quality of the
product. They are also not giving proper attention to modern
methods of packing, so as to attract the customers and increase
their sales, they do not have scientific method of storage, since
bakery products cannot be stored, for longer period of time.
Therefore they are forced to sell their products in local area at an
average price, they are also not able to compete in the foreign
market. Because of poor financial base a small bakery unit cannot
spend as heavily as large units producing different products and
marketing of the products.

In view of various inadequacies mentioned above, some

efforts have been made to solve the problems faced by the bakery
units by consulting the union leader of the bakery units by giving
some suggestions to solve the problems faced by the person
carrying this business.

Review of Literature :
Bakery products are becoming increasingly popular in India.
The production has also by four fold during last 15 years as a little
over 9.8% per annum future growth rate according it (Haridas Rao
1982)

He also states that cake dough nut, a popular snack food of

western countries, can add variety of bakery industry is one of the
major food industries of the country with an annual turnover of
Rs.2500/- crores. Production and consumption of Bakery products in
India have been increasing at a fast rate by two fold increase in the
last 5 years. It is also reported to increase further at a rate of 10.2
per cent per annum.
 Among the bakery products, bread occupies an important
place and constitutes 50% other total market for bakery products.
Among the several verities of bread produced in the country, fruit
bread forms an important variety next to white pen bread.

Baking technology Mysore has stated that bakery products

have become popular in India. Among these biscuits are the most
popular item and soft dough biscuits account for 70% of total
production in India.

In his article “Dr. H. A. B. Parpia” has collected the abstracts

of seminar of Mr. Eric. E. Bond Director of Bread Research Institute,
Sydney, Australia when Mr. Bond visited Colombo plan expert to
advise the Indian government and bakery industry on improvement
and mechanization of bakery industry in India.

Mr. Bond states that in Australia there were many bakeries

and all manufacturing bread by crude methods, similar to those
which are still practical in some of India bakeries. Most of the
Australian bakeries are now using modern machines to replace hand
operations Mr. Bond states that their institution had developed
many machines such as mechanical dough mixing machine,
mechanical dough dividing machine etc., He resorted that for
countries like India and Australia this machine would be not only
expensive, but it would not be possible to run the plant continuously
for 24 hrs.

Dr. H. A. B. Parpia has stated that Mr. Bond stay in India has
proved very profitable to us and we should seek more co-operation
with Bread Research Institute and should encourage exchange of
scientists to work in the laboratories for short period.

Hypothesis :
The following is the hypothesis present proposed study.
Marketing of bakery products have different problems
depending upon this quality, size nature or market in while they are
dealing.
 The main problems which are faced in marketing bakery
products are poor quality, scale of production, packing, taste,
competition in foreign market, financial weakness.

Objectives :
• To study the growth of bakery units in Ilkal Town
• To analyze the marketing problems of bakery products in Ilkal
Town
• To evaluate the performance of bakery units from customer
angle
• To offer useful suggestions for better performance of bakery
units in Ilkal Town

To certify that :
a) That university is approved under Section 2(F) and 12(B) of
the UGC act and is fit to receive grants from the UGC.
b) General Physical facilities, such as furniture/space etc., are
available in the department / University.
c) I/we shall abide by the rules governing the scheme in case
assistance is provided to me/ us from the GUC for the above
project.
d) I/We shall complete the project within the stipulated period if
I/we fail to do so and if the UGC is not satisfied with the
progress of the research project, the commission may
terminate the project immediately and ask for the refund of
the amount received by me/us.
e) The above research project is not funded by any other agency.

Name and Signature

a) Principal Investigator

Prof. Nagaraj H. Mudagal

b) Co-Investigator
i)
ii)
c) Chairman of the Department