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Volleyball

.Done By: Nawaf Alhooti

.Class: B12B
:Introduction

Volleyball is an enjoyable activity for the beach or

the park. The game is played by two team of six
players, with up to six substitutes allowed in a
squad.   

A net  is fixed across the middle of a court eighteen

meters long and nine meters wide. Two flexible
antennae mark the extremes between which the ball
must pass over the net.

   Play starts by one player serving the ball over the

net from behind the base line. When the ball has
passed over the net, the receiving team may play the
ball three times before they must pass it back over
the net.  Each player is only allowed to touch the
ball once. The object of the game is to force the ball
down onto to the floor of the opponents court, or to
put them under so much pressure that they are
unable to return the ball. 

    In volleyball, if the ball does not go back over the

net, the opposition win a point. After each time a
team wins the ball back from the opposition each
player rotates one position clockwise. This rotation
is a special feature of the game and it means that all
players must play both in the front line and the back
line. 

    A team wins a set by scoring 25 points with a two

point lead and wins the match by winning three
sets. 

Safety And Injury:

As a coach it is your responsibility to be in charge of
a group of players, to ensure that they are able to
play volleyball in a safe environment. 

Their are some potential hazards and these are

listed below:

Facilities and Equipment

The Floor : Make sure the floor is clean of loose

objects and grit.
The Walls : Free of objects sticking out and are their
any doors which open onto the play area.
The Equipment : Are the posts fixed down securely
to the floor and are their any dangerous ropes below
head height.

Control and Supervision

    As a coach you need to be aware of the following

factors which has a direct influence on safety.

1) Net infringements should be pulled up to avoid

injury and dangerous play.
2) Skill levels of players should be taken into
consideration, so that unskilled players are not
coming up against a skilled player smashing directly
at them.
3) Loose balls should be put to one side of the court
and balls should not be allowed to roll into an area
when a player is jumping
4) Before every practice a warm is vital in helping
prevent injury. 

Injury
    As a coach your main responsibility is to know
where you can find the nearest first aid person
available. If you suspect a head, back or neck injury
do not attempt to move them remember most
volleyball injuries are soft tissue injuries.

Movement and Ball Skills:

To be able to play volleyball well the two main
important factors are posture and movement
without these skills like the dig or volley would
not be performed well.
    To play volleyball well you need to be able to
be in the correct place at the right time, and
be balanced.
    To practice skills in a static position is of
little benefit, the coach must always try to
introduce pre and post-contact movement into
a drill.
The Ready position     POSTURE
For a good posture the feet should be not
wider than shoulder width apart and toes
pointed slightly in. The knees should be
pushed forward but not passed the front of the
toes.
Arms held in front of the body
When moving, both the center of weight and
the eyes should travel parallel to the floor and
thus the head does not move up and down.
A good fun exercise to encourage movement
would be Shadow, where player A will copy
payer B's movement.

The Forearm Pass:

The forearm pass or dig is used to play a ball that is
coming below head height, so it cannot be volley or a
ball which is traveling a a great velocity. This
technique is implemented by bringing the forearms
together to make a platform, off which the ball
rebounds. The forearm pass is most often used to
receive the service or opponents attacking shot.

Successfully Mastering the Forearm Pass.

As with the volley, you must adopt the ready

position. It is important to firstly decide whether to
go for the ball and then call for it and move to the
ball. You should then stop before playing the ball.

The contact of the ball takes place in the mid line of

the body. The hands are together and the elbows are
straightened and locked. This will enable the player
to form a platform for the ball to hit. The ball is
contacted on the forearms just
above the wrist.
:The Volley
This is a two handed pass above the forehead. This
skill is usually the first to be taught to a beginner
because it is possible to get a game going very
quickly with this skill.

The volley is mostly used to set up an attack close to

the net - to set the ball - for an attacker to smash
the ball over the net. It can also be used to receive a
slow moving ball from the opposition.

HOW TO VOLLEY.

    Each player on the court should adopt the ready

position, this gives the player the ability to move and
respond to where ever the ball is going to go.

To volley the player should face the direction the ball

is going to be played. 

The player should be in a position to make contact

with the ball slightly above and in front of the
forehead. The hands are ball shaped and about
10cm apart.

    As the ball approaches the hands, the player

starts to extend his legs and then arms. As the ball
goes into the players arms the arms start to extend
and passes the ball in the direction required. This
accompanied with a transfer in weight from the back
foot to the front foot will propel the ball forward.

THE MECHANICS OF THE VOLLEY

 
:The Serve
The serve is a skill used to start ever rally. It is
necessary to develop a serve which is reliable and
then develop it and make it stronger to try and force
errors out of the opposition.

TYPE OF SERVES

There are 5 main types of serve : basic underarm

serve, overarm float, overarm topspins,
roundhouse and jump serves.

This page is only going to deal with the

underarm serve.
 
For a Right handed player:
The server stands behind the base line.
The players left foot is pointed in the intended
direction of the ball.
The weight is on the back right foot and the ball
is held in the left hand.
The hitting hand can be in a fist or open and the ball
is struck with the palm or flat fist.

THE CONTACT AND FOLLOW THROUGH

As the hitting hand is taken back and then swung

forward, the body weight is moved from the back
foot to the front foot. Just as the right hand is about
to hit the ball the left hand releases the ball and the
hitting arm strikes the ball.

All throughout this action the servers attention is

always focused on the ball.

The Smash:
The smash is the main attacking shot used in volleyball and is
probably one of the hardest moves to master.

TYPES OF SMASH

    The smasher can vary the smash by

smashing cross court, down the line, hitting
of the block and hitting a controlled speed
block. As always the players tactical ability to
decide which one to execute will determine
whether they are an effective
attacker.

HOW TO SMASH

To prepare for the smash the player must drop off

of the net so the setter can set the ball in front of
the smasher.When jumping, both feet should be together to stop
the player from jumping forward into the net. The four step
approach is usually used as shown on the left. The arms are
swung forcefully backwards and the knees are bent.The power
of the jump is a mixture of the arm swing and straightening of
the knees and hips.The approach should take the smasher to the
place where the jump will be made before jumping.The hitting
arm is drawn back behind and to the side of the head, the arm
then straightens at the elbow when jumping with the hand
moving from the side of the head to the position of above and
slightly in front of the hitting shoulder. When making contact
with the ball it is important to remember the hand should be
slightly cupped and contact with the ball is with the palm of the
hand slightly in front of the hitting shoulder.

The Block:
The block is the first line of defense against the
smash. It is usually performed by more than one
front row players and is used to stop the the
smashed ball from crossing the net and to deflect  it
into the opponents court.

TYPES OF BLOCK

    As mentioned before you can have one two or

three front court players blocking. A good block
should be able to move along the
net quickly and efficiently, jump in
the right place, at the right time
and be able to read the smasher.

HOW TO BLOCK

      The player should be close to the

net and shoulders parallel to the
net, feet shoulder width apart, back
straight and hands in front of the
shoulders.  Blockers need to be
ready to move along the net to be in the correct
position. This should be where the attacker is
anticipated to hit the ball across the net. To move
laterally, side stepping is the quickest and best form
of movement.The jump should include the player
jumping vertically with the extension of the legs and
the hands vertically and slightly forward. The arms
are extended over the net with the elbows locked.
There should be no gap between both hands and the
fingers of each hand should be spread. The timing of
the block depends on the characteristics of the
individual smasher. The basic rule is that the
blocker should jump just after the smasher.

The court
The game is played on a volleyball court 18 meters
(59 feet) long and 9 meters (29.5 feet) wide, divided
into two 9 m × 9 m halves by a one-meter (40-inch)
wide net placed so that the top of the net is 2.43
meters (7 feet 11 5/8 inches) above the center of the
court for men's competition, and 2.24 meters (7 feet
4 1/8 inches) for women's competition (these heights
are varied for veterans and junior competitions).

There is a line 3 meters from and parallel to the net

in each team court which is considered the "attack
line". This "3 meter" (or 10 foot) line divides the court
into "back row" and "front row" areas (also back
court and front court). These are in turn divided into
3 areas each: these are numbered as follows,
starting from area "1", which is the position of the
serving player:

After a team gains the serve (also known as siding

out), its members must rotate in a clockwise
direction, with the player previously in area "2"
moving to area "1" and so on, with the player from
area "1" moving to area "6".

The team courts are surrounded by an area called

the free zone which is a minimum of 3 meters wide
and which the players may enter and play within
after the service of the ball. All lines denoting the
boundaries of the team court and the attack zone
are drawn or painted within the dimensions of the
area and are therefore a part of the court or zone. If
a ball comes in contact with the line, the ball is
considered to be "in". An antenna is placed on each
side of the net perpendicular to the sideline and is a
vertical extension of the side boundary of the court.
A ball passing over the net must pass completely
between the antennae (or their theoretical
extensions to the ceiling) without contacting them.
Contents:

Introduction… p.3.
Safety and Injury… p.4,5.
Movement and ball skills… p.6.
The Forearm Pass… p.7.
The volley… p.8.
The serve… p.9.
The smash… p.10.
The Block… p.11.
The Court… p.12,13.
Bibliography… p.14.
Bibliography:

1. www.google.com
2. www.yahoo.com
3. www.wikipedia.com
4. www.alltheweb.com
5. www.NBA.us