The United States Constitution

Framing Our Nation

Events Leading into Creating a New Government
•The Articles of Confederation 1777
•Shays Rebellion 1786
•The Ordinance of 1785
•The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
•The Constitutional Convention 1787
•The Virginia and New Jersey Plans 1787
•The Great Compromise 1787
•Three-fifths Compromise 1787

Flaws of the Articles of Confederation (State 9 Flaws)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Shay’s Rebellion
•After the American Revolution the U.S. was in debt
•Congress printed paper money backed by European loans
•Inflation shot up
•Army officers were furious that they were not paid
•In Massachusetts Continental Army Officers were not given the
right to vote
•Farms were seized to pay off the debt
Daniel Shay’s Rebellion
•___________________________ a former Continental Army officer
gathered 700 men and marched into ___________________ to protest these
developments
•A small skirmish took place and most of Shay’s men ran.
•Many of the men were later arrested, tried and hung
•____________ died of poverty in 1788
ƒThe men achieved there goal in Mass.: (State 3 things achieved)
1.
2.
3.

The Ordinance of 1785

•What did it do and how?:
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
ƒWhat did it do and How?:

The Constitutional Convention

•Took place in __________________ from May to September _____________
•__________ delegates attended from every state but ___________________ and they were never there
all at the same time.
•It was also too hot that summer and there were many flies and terrible smells that made many of the
delegates ill.
The Virginia Plan
•Writer: ___________________
•Describe:

The New Jersey Plan

•Writer: _______________________
•Describe:

The Great Compromise

•What did it do:
•A ___________________________ legislature would be created.
•The House would represent the ideas of the ___________________ plan
•The Senate would represent the ideas of the ___________ ________plan
The Three-Fifth Compromise
•Being that the House would be based on population, how would they count the numerous
slaves in the __________________________
•A compromise was reached which stated that all slaves would be counted, but then the
total would be divided by ________________ and that number would be used to determine
representation in the House
•Father of the Constitution
•_______________________ is known as the Father of the Constitution for several
reasons:
State 3 reasons
The United States Constitution
•Although the constitution was finished on _____________________ it was not ratified until
_________________________
•______________ states were needed for ratification. The 9th state was __________________
•The only state that waited till 1790 to ratify was ___________________________.
The Legislative Branch (State two houses)
1. _________________
2. _________________
The Legislative Branch
•The Constitution grants Congress "all ___________________ powers" in the national government.
•Article_____, Section ________, of the Constitution lists a wide range of congressional powers,
including: (state 7)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

The Legislative Branch

•Congress has authority to investigate and oversee the _________________ branch and its agencies(state 2)
•
•Congress also holds hearings on matters of general public concern
•Congressional powers also include ability to ________________ an official and ____________ the
Constitution.

The House of Representatives (State 4 requirements)

1.
2.
3.
4.
•There are a total of _____________ members in the House of Representatives.
•Each member represents an area of a state, known as a _________________________.
•The number of representatives is based on the number of districts in a state
•Each state is guaranteed __________________ seat.
•Every _____________ years, the U.S. __________________ Bureau counts the population of the states
to determine what number of districts should be in each state.
•The House has special jobs that only it can perform. It can:
The Senate
•Senators are elected for ______________-year terms (State 3 requirements)
1.
2.
3.

•There are a total of ___________ members in the Senate.

•The Constitution states that the __________________ has formal control over the Senate
–He is referred to as the __________________ of the Senate.
•The Senate has special jobs that only it can perform. It can: (State 3)
1.
2.
3

The Executive Branch

•When the delegates to the Constitutional Convention created the executive branch of government, they
gave the president a limited term of office to lead the government.
•The delegates feared too much power in the hands of one person
•With a system of ____________________________ included in the Constitution, they allowed for a
single president to manage the executive branch
•The ________________ is the head of the Executive Branch
The Executive Branch (Define)
•President:
•Vice President:
•Departments:
•Executive Agencies:
•Independent Agencies:
•The powers of the President of the United States are set forth in ____________ of the Constitution.
•Some of these powers the President can exercise in his own right, without formal legislative
approval.
•Others require the consent of the Senate or Congress as a whole.
The President
•The President and Vice-President, are the only officials elected by the __________________.
•Requirements (State 3)
1.
2.
3.
•Before 1951, the President could __________________________________.
•After two terms as President, __________________________ chose not to run again.
•All other Presidents followed his example until ______________________successfully ran for
office four times.
•He, however, did not complete his fourth term of office because he died in __________.
•Six years later, Congress passed the _____________ Amendment, which limits Presidents to
two terms.
Duties of the President of the United States:
National Security Powers: (describe)

Legislative Powers: (describe)

Administrative Powers: (describe)

Judicial Powers: (describe)

The Judicial Branch

•The judicial branch of government is established in Article _________ of the Constitution with the
creation of the ______________________.
•The ______________________ is the highest court in the country and is empowered with the judicial
powers of the government.
–There are lower Federal courts but they were not created by the Constitution.
–Congress saw them as necessary and established under the elastic clause
The Supreme Court
•The Supreme Court’s responsibility is: ________________________________________.
•The Court decides if a law or government action violates the ______________________.
–This is known as judicial review. (Describe Judicial Review)

•Since the Supreme Court stands as the ultimate authority in constitutional interpretation, its decisions
can be changed only by a ___________________________.

The Supreme Court

•The Supreme Court is made up of ______________ Justices.
–One of these is the Chief Justice (Who is the current Chief Justice) _______________________
•They are appointed by the ___________________ and must be approved by the ______________.
• Justices have their jobs for life, unless:
1.
2.
3.
•There are no official qualifications for Justices, but all have been trained in the law.
•Many Justices served as members of Congress, governors, or members of the President's Cabinet.

The Many Hats of the President

Read each scenario and determine which hat the President wore when he executed his power.

1. President Clinton oversaw the signing of a new accord in September, 1993 between Palestinian leader
Yasir Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Clinton and his administration hosted this
historic compromise at the White House. Which hat did Clinton wear while hosting?
2. President Grover Cleveland in his first term (1885-1889) received a controversial bill approved by the
House of Representatives and the Senate, he chose to "reject" the bill. IN fact, Cleveland "rejected"
more bills in this first term than all preceding presidents combined. Which hat was Cleveland
sporting?
3. Once in office, Clinton quickly set about starting the reforms he had promised during his campaign.
To achieve his vision of change, Clinton put together the most racially diverse and gender-balanced
cabinet in U.S. history. Those hand picked by Clinton were Henry Cisneros as Secretary of Housing
and Urban Development, Ron Brown Secretary of Commerce, Jocelyn Elders as Surgeon General,
and Press Secretary Dee Dee Myers. Which hat was Clinton wearing while making these official
changes?
4. North Korean people are starving. They are in desperate need of food and other supplies. They have
asked the United States for help. They also have several weapons that could be used against us if they
fell into the wrong hands. If Clinton decides to send food and aid in the interest of keeping North
Korea on our side, which hat would he be wearing?
5. Richard Nixon was part of the Watergate Affair which involved such criminal acts as burglary, illegal
wiretapping, perjury, conspiracy to obstruct justice, and misuse of campaign funds. Gerald Ford,
Nixon's successor, "excused" him which allowed him to be immune from prosecution. Which hat did
Ford have on?
6. George Bush's experiences during WWII contributed to his strong interest in foreign affairs. During
his presidency, terrible memories about WWII resurfaced when he felt it necessary to send troops to
Kuwait during Operation Desert Storm. When he executed this plan to aid Kuwait and bombard
Saddam Hussein, which hat was he wearing?
 f urdrm3 ? Ipnn'ptnoqcp 6 tqtgIdog
s se,rreteuosew le{t EulumldruocsJeqp puu .Sfqep:,:,i:,
IIs tupullrlluue roJ oro^r euos tuadord yo uopnqp ,,.i,i
-s1ppnba roJ euos 'fcuerrnc rodudu roy Eur,fuc*e,$
'suopeulEeur i.iiiii
Jo outos 4e$ q lnq erue6rxaou anq l:ii::,
qcrrla secuB,reuE go esuelerdJepunpppusls r;erp :,::...
esurrpvlpqqv dq posserdxe ,nonoJol epnlnFu s
pepnlep pel e^Bq'seldrcuudro .::.:..
esoqlol JulrrurseJesuJeruoclueJJncl?rl/$,.s gOUerJSu(X'lnog!,n'saopuredsep ssensar.luerouEl ::::i:.
luosordol tsBdEu;1u;1 :uosJegel'sBtloqJ.ol
surepy llutlqv.(q ualgrn reD4
.tueuue,ro' aqtJot0lBeqpun6
ii::rir
eqt JoJ,ftsss*eueurilpeu s! u 'ueg pecnpod a^?q :i,.,.
euolloqer aqt u,$opInd tou peq snilut qpsnq*sssy{ qlqn eldoodeq go lqEu eW uo stueuqceoJJue eqr :;,:,,:
eql rropBu/r\euer$ o peuadduqe,ruqlqEnu Fq/iA .t
JI qqtqqse i(lpreuet peepu!suotlloqeJ lnyssaccnsun :ri,,,
saruanbosuo3iulp;par; pcs,(qd eqt ut suuots ss plro.$ tBoFlpd sq1q ,gEs :i.....
-ssteu $ Eru'Euqt poot u s! ue$ puu.r\ou uogeqel i;,,,,,
entlt B lsql l! ploq I''' re^e^roq''' alquupsnfun ri:::i:
{1On1osqu qt p,mnpoJdseq sseurseeun srql Xsearm,.,.,,
eldood eIBu puB'eJJscs,(auoulJopueJlsnu stql i::::::
'ecreuuoJ reqt
etrelqnseqtuoelqsllarNou aqtsu,tr*rmos Jo eEeddotseql {q pareJJnsa,req ,..;..'
rlJlrl,noprJapol lJeqc nod p1no,nslrsJl?q/tr .c s4qs asoql 'secuenbxuocsnor.Bsuogan$ ot ruadde ::rri:;
seilnostqlunJu,rg lou op lselqnon a$] uaasle{ eireq I sB JBJoS ,,.t,t,
uosr
orf
er*''"lT fi HiHHrt
'tcuo lB ueql 6ureEu1ue[rux) :::j;:;
-,roE f,rJoJeql i(oldrua'lou
;o aireq ,(ar$ go
.urern .,'..:.
JI
i..EuI$pooi e s!ue$ puu,nou ecpsnfaq etpel,noul* ro :elqrssod JI ue$ ssarper :::,r:,
uollleqerolnll s,,lsq| e^o[aquos.bllefseop,{q11.9 'secus,rerrE e^sq
IpaJ .parnres
[slueErnsureql] JI .:.::.,
eq IIl,n sapredo.ldpuB'serueqrl.so^ol rno qcrq,ni,i::i:
{q auo s^pq sn le.I .luoruuJonotou sr ecuenUul.iii,,
'$Fur$
tueserdaq eseedduol rJuenuu Eur,(oduro..;::.
'f.qunocdue uodn peu^\?p
Jo:lFl no^ Jo^alsql r"or ,.,,..,
raqEgq er1re^o puerdse^Bq|eg spnolJeqr lrer,r ::,r::: 1
ueq,nuosserdre puodeqpcgruout urB .lueuue^oEJ ;i:i:jj
u,rro''' tstll . . . roJ tgun . . . [sl JIeflil
. . . ot
Uot i;;,,,i
ueq,$'putluBur lBr{l .palrryordsBqaoJ cpuepesuua
i.,..j
6antEq*e sop suosu{utBrLlI euoll gogmrd dloqcuqaruBltqrqxe foql .pereu '.:,.,,
{o |?rl,*r
fqar e$ EugpuuqasodorduosredqJsasop /{roH.I dap prn p,eluaurq eq or {1pnba s1. . . puenajg1
iii;i;i
sBeplulBlt iupgrruurng :ee1,(.ruo1;o1uoqEu;qsrtr1et.roeg fq uag;.r,r-rapr1
s.s{eqgol preEarur eldoedasaqrJo r""li;tjl:}
'eouole cFqBJ aql olul$qEpug tunseretureurosseprrordsrenelesoql
epq^r egt tq,fu4sep iii |e
uorJ sldrecre iurpeeg .autn eql e|oJ,nde$ srelal
pus 'uollgpunoJ eqt EulddusroJ erg stuetrnsur iii u! lue^e stql passncsrpsu?Jueuv u,$oullle^\
qsrqqouresaql .t! sserddnspue 11enbor semsearu::lili: 'psqsnrJsB,r\ uaq,n.drenrqec I?.8^eS
lr otu! penultuoc tu1
snoroEr,r$ou pw Nesr^reqt sI ereqfrrpsmeu arr iiiii
Jo -qrdn eqa's|tasnq*ssgyrl plagEuFdg te
prruuo![oqer sqt esodruocqclq,n sleustuurar$ aos lsi|osrBIBrepoJ
iii dn uo :lcsns uB JoJ sJe^\olloJpatl|J? poJpunqe^Ietu
g.n noi( lsll sqt dg 'lrcuua,roi 3o qruaq ssetasnij:ii;i auo6 pereq?Es{uqg lelusq .9gl.I Jo raqurecequJ
suorrsenb
eqrre,r*rnueql'r1planc
,*qequon'uuoJur
e$p'eurfr,?llJrl"ff
z uopres.gla|deq3
uoulaqaus,sfotlg
 f urduo3 ry lanr1'ptnoqcn 6 rqtu,(do3
6I
'PourclJeJ,(11q,ne1 eq'.,
,(erueues eql olul Eurdecseuosred,(ue1er0s,(e,np
pepr^oJd:ftoltuel pIBs uI epnll^Josi(nlunlonut
'IA alJluV
ro ,treaels
- Jeqlleueq Iletls eroql
'uecllqndareq :
'peujoJ IIBtlslueuure,ro8pueuoq
-nlnsuoJoqt popl^oJd:seEls pallun oWJo sseJEuoJ,,.r''i
aq ol selqs ^\eu Eul/t\oll?JOpeelsulse^lesuaqlJoJ eql olul pellltupBeq lleqs selulsqJns slus[qEqul "".''
spuq EurulBtueJ ueoulqleql
eql dn pe^JeJselqs IBUIEUO ae{ puesnoql{1xts erreqsolsls pIBs(ue re,reuoqrl6
wq lueraJJlpueoqe^?qplno^\sEutql^\otl umldxa'9 'solplse^rJ ueql eJou Jou eoJql uuql ssel lou ,,,,,,
seuoJlno 3uJ1r;parg &ot;:.nt plus u! poruroJoq IIBqseraql
.,1 tlJluv
r.r...l
'{e,trq8tquouluoo eq
IPqs sJae/trelq iri:'r'
-e8r,rsuaql 'selulsJeqp sB$qop l€repeJeq 1owd u :r...r
fud ot tcefqnseq lpqs slueltqequlet1l AI eltlUv
'luesuoJ].r.::l
''.'
Jlaqllnoqll/t\ueql uo{ du,rrreuo>1ul aq Je^auneqs{t l,,llll
-redordpuespueluurpul'pe8ernoJue oq re^aloJllsqs
lsrql arnber lueuureloE aql 'III etJluv
uonsJnpoJo suuotueql puB slooqJs :,,i.,.
ppo,n Iq11 i,slqep IsrapeJ oql Suru:ecuoJ slualququl 'pJlcI[JUI
'S ""'.'
eqt;o ermbar ecuuulpro lso^\qiloN o$ pp lslllA' 'rfunfIq 1.'.',
oq IIEqssluauqsqundlunsnunJo lenrJ ou
IBrJIol gallFuaaq IIBqs$us|lqequlaql'II elJluv ',,,,,
'drqsrom
3oepou slq JolunoJJe
'I .,.r.,.
uo pelsoloureq Ja^alpqs uosredoN alJluv
e,fte 'asuBulprolso^\t{uoN
-^gls ruor; JoJJIpepnllues ,fiqunlolul saop /t\oH 't 'ltrtds puoneu
oql uo{ s^\BIoql Jo otuosaJs/$oleg
suogsan$ luzrgluE;5 Eu;qeg eql ol lBlluessese^\ler$ {lrun Jo esuasclsBq
e 3o ql,rno-rE
'lsa eql
e ,ftlunoc Eur,rorEeql e,reEocuuulproaq1. \
ur sslslspuBseuolutl eJnlnJJo uonBeJJeql ro3 ,(ot1od
pluauura,roSBpeqsllqqseeJueulpJolse^\quoNa|ll
ipoA\olloJ lou sB^\III elJIrV ut uotstaord lBq/!\.c
suerpul
AAO!UU3l TSIMHlAON
uonBJnpe
ifte,re1s
:Euruacuoraleu
eJusulpJolsa^\qlJoNeql plp suotsl,rordlBq/tl 'Z
eemlnJeql u Fa^\quoN
plQ oql Jo lno peuroJ aq plnoiil selBs leqll'I
',{ro1;ual $e,sq1oN aq1,
uolluurroJul luB^aIeUEu;qs;nEqlsgq 4941
'^\olloJleql suopsenbo'F Ja^\suu-uoqt'aoueulprg
$e^\quoN eql lnoqeuo[euuo;ura$ pBeJpuudeuteq1{pru5 :suolparlq
r uolltas'9 raldeq3
aiaourpro $a$quoN aqJ
 g tq€u'{do3
,(ueduro3ry 1a111'pBnoqcq
'soA j$
:so[
'oe9 :ou'3'5 :se,{'J'N:se^'en :P-afrlr}'po
'sssy{ i
'uula:ou'i'N:sof I'N :pepl^lp'uuoJ:sel I
[:se,nato,rleuqeq1] I
i
' umldxa csuoncoles'rBpolqllA\-luolslsuos 'tpo* uee1d
seapls.elBEelep qclttl^''9 "lq"rPcerdutr I
lsou ere suotlJalelnoqB -oederg,(quopceleuetqEnoqt['J'S] rellng T"tO , i
luesard ol ls€d Eu1t1u11 I
ou peq
-oedeq ,(q uorlceleue ol'Je^e^\oq'uonrafqo
naql ssessods'(e'n1e 1ouplp eldoed I
eH ..'ecuepuuoJ
sernlelsrSel euts e$ le$
*oll rierqpet,ul u'lt\Brp
",n
u/y\or{s puq,,'ptesl,ft:aD'4{] ..'eJxotJt*:-
'uBuueqsJo8ouJo13ql 'se^l?sueqleldoadeql Jo uollepunoJ
lse$uoJ'S eH 'llel
qlri$cldoedeql Jo ^\eI^s.uosuwoEJoec prloseql uo lsoJplnoqs[tueuuril'oE] tqSnoql ,.''
Eu;lse.rluo3PuBEulrBdtroJ 'srccgJo pue srelru rleql p-u' uoql usa^ueq
l,iirg *it 'reqla3olp 1o tq3ls 1So1''
fqr"Orr, ,(russeceu oql pue
.erntelsr8el euo '.,or'"i" Jo '(poq Surue^rc-lul
leuoneueql Jo qJuBJq eru eldoad ":11 .i
JoJepr'ro'rd "q1 uou p Ftdtll .',
,o uon-tt'relndod eql eldoedor{l ruo{ p.nottidp*rle
eo{ ueldfue'r3 selvls eql Jo euos "
ilnoqi tucuureno8 Jo su^ ernrni*taeleql Jo qJuelqeuo
-tu"*t"'ro8 aorJ ueld '(re're
3o "r':
ur lBr0 p3^Jesqo
'snls${aql JossalpreEar "g qJueJaeuo
.ri ,nriuorroernlelsrEelIEuoIlBuoql Jo '4AI .....
'sueznrr 1p ;o pue$qBF eql
sseurdtleq r'
eql pereplsuocuoslpew ':
eprrrord Hnoqslueurue^oD io lonttrt ruyndod auo!
rol ,(1pnbe ' ' ' 'eldoedoql Jo atuapljuo' lnoqlr^\
"qr :ti::*
'fialulpctuutt
's:ole1srie1
alels€ql uo{ "
plnor'tur*urrnba op'eldoed aql
eq1.3ur1,n*tt
,(q petcclc cq plnoqs sc^IlnuasoJoa1 ernlqsr8el Jo q'ui''q snoraunulsou
'pcncerd "rl,t uoslll\^-rN
ro5 ,(linonue[s papueluoc['uua4] .^ :r:,.
' ' ' 1seqErq eql Jo ueq [uezrtlc]lso^\oleltrlJo ""'
oq lou plnoa cldoodoql ^q suottJela ssaurddeq p* ,iqa,, '<ip;erecsselou epy'ord 'i'
'luelq eql uI aurBus.ele8alap "qitolatlsoddooql 01unJ'(1sno!
. . ' ot tq?noa A'euerxe '."
'sclou s.uosrpewul ol parJaJoj-ote8o1ep ate -nBcu plnoqso/t\plB{B SEA\ lnq'cnercouop ool ucaQ"l:
oqt ottjl(\ 't 'sllqEq;o'ecnpord;o1'
-riooroaneql 01seopl3urrno11o3 ot1tJo qc€aqileIAI e^Bqo.runq,ptl,tupn eH ..'clo
saldurexg3u1P1'rol4 p'B slseretqluereJJlp"
;;;r"JJtp to-t; duttt'u s/t\el^
' ' ' 'crlqndareloq^\ rr
o^uq qcrqA\ "qlo :T9.tuelcJ
-JIpruoll' ' 'ue{n ot t'oJ"'"ur 1uE1opue i'{11unu"'
-ffi;;qt 3o uud,fta,re "q qlrrt eztqudur'(spuu tour q iii,
't-OU1e'rOro8rele$ ':"::r
rqioo fqtunrqs!qll,,'aldoad ay
'{lprcadses1p sr'fq16 "'e1d pen8refe1l uos€t{'4^l ,.,
luecrlqnderu roJenrl io uonr"f. uero; '{18uors
eql lnoql!/t'\lslsqnsEuol plnoc ..'elnJoJ IIBJ' ' ' ouoou qclq^\ li:l
-oedeqt Jo eoueplJuor t.
ul€ldxg'C pue 'ueu tutuErsep,<qperelncrtcsuodar*InJ:T^11
luauu:eiro8ou,,lEqlJelleqs,uoslliAseuBf
olu! pelslll rl
suorurdopue sornsBeuInJeuBqlsou oql
' ' ',(cercouepJo sseJxaoql uo{ ii
,(1pp'eru{aql' 'ryt
l,EurueSaruaeqa^sq 'fureg eEPFq ^og ecu"peUioor,tspneeq1,, :['sse61].fleC ""
'z ere' ' '',"*-]YYl
l uI suelqord teq'vroI
-lg lq8lu sllesnqcessel ..'potsFuaq ol elqEII,{puulsuor -.
-noa e.n rnoqBaq ,(eulse op ol eplll sEe^EIlpFoqs "i'
'ples eq ..'aldoedoqJ,,''sernlBltlS"l ...
,(lererpeurur,,
'1 I
ueuuaq5reEoapp rq11 on. rq feuoploq orlqano tl teql Eunsrst]:!d:"d 'ry
;eldoadot$tnoqe{ulql el$ ^q",nuopoeleeq pasoddo['uuoJ] ueuuaqs I r:
uollBIIIroJuIEulua1u1
'sttorlsenbaql Je^\sue
uollua^uoJ
esnoq-Jeaolot1|'$oq uo elBQeP
ueqJ'peltJle eq plnoqs ssar8uo35o sl$ pBeu:suollrerlo
jo rioncos
s'eurel
IBuollnrqsuoJ ,q,lo uo'lo"t!":i s'.ildsiuulu
c uollras'9 raldeq3 I',
w sauro
f s.uosrpo
IDuJno
12a Name_____________________________________

THE FEDERALISTS AND ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Directions: After reading the following passages, determine whether the speaker was a Federalist
or an Anti-Federalist. Underline the statement or statements which led you to draw that conclusion.

Anti-Federalists - Persons who opposed the adoption of the Constitution between 1787 - 1788; they were in
favor of adopting the Bill of Rights as well as strong state governments.

Federalists - Persons who supported the adoption of the Constitution in 1787 - 1788; most of them became
members of the Federalist Party after the Constitution became adopted. They believed in a strong federal
government.

James Wilson: _________________________

The gentlemen tell you that they expect the States will not possess any power. But, I think there I reason
to draw a different conclusion. Under this system, their respectability and power will increase with that
of the general government. I believe their happiness and security will increase in still greater proportion.

In order to keep republics together, they must have a strong binding force, which must be either external
or internal. The situation of this country shows, that no foreign force can press us together; the bonds of
our union ought therefore to be indissolubly strong.

If it is meant that the general government will destroy the government of the States, I will admit that
such a government would not suit the people... But that description does not apply to the system before
you. This, instead of placing the state governments in jeopardy, is founded on their existence. On this
principle, its organization depends; it must stand or fall, as the State governments are secured or ruined....

What is the interest of the whole, must, on the great scale, be the interest of every part. It will be the duty
of the State, as of an individual, to sacrifice her own convenience to the general good.

Patrick Henry: ___________________________

Here I would make this inquiry of those worthy characters that composed a part of the late federal
Convention... I have the highest regard for those gentlemen; but sir allow me to demand - What right
had they to say, “We the people”? ... Who authorized them to speak the language of “We, the people”
Instead of “We, the states”? States are the characteristics and the soul of the confederation. If the states
are not the agents of this agreement, it must be one great consolidated national government of the
people of all the states.

It was expressly declared in our Confederation that every right was retained by the states, respectively,
which was not given up to the government of the United States. But there is not such thing here. You,
therefore, by a natural and unavoidable implication, give up your rights to the general government.

If you give up these powers, without a Bill of Rights, you will exhibit the most absurd thing to mankind
that ever the world saw - government that abandoned its powers of direct taxation, the sword, and the
purse. You have disposed of the to Congress, without a Bill of Rights - without check, limitation, or
control.

“The Almost Painless Guide to the U.S. Constitution” © 1999 Northwest Teleproductions
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution. Distributed by AGC/United Learning
VerDate Dec 13 2002
22

11:03 Aug 13, 2003

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES
THE CONSTITUTION

Jkt 193760
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH EXECUTIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL BRANCH

THE SUPREME COURT OF THE

THE CONGRESS THE PRESIDENT UNITED STATES

PO 00000
THE VICE PRESIDENT
SENATE HOUSE UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS
ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL TERRITORIAL COURTS
WHITE HOUSE OFFICE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET UNITED STATES COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE
COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE ARMED FORCES
COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS UNITED STATES TAX COURT
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OFFICE OF THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE

Frm 00032
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR VETERANS CLAIMS
CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE
OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE
UNITED STATES COURTS
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER
U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION

Fmt 6996
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH AND HUMAN HOMELAND HOUSING AND URBAN
AGRICULTURE COMMERCE DEFENSE EDUCATION ENERGY
SERVICES SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

Sfmt 6996
DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF
THE INTERIOR JUSTICE LABOR STATE TRANSPORTATION THE TREASURY VETERANS AFFAIRS

INDEPENDENT ESTABLISHMENTS AND GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS

AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION
CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE
DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION
FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY
FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION
FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE
FEDERAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION
FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
FEDERAL RETIREMENT THRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES POSTAL RATE COMMISSION
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD
NATIONAL MEDIATION BOARD SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER CORPORATION (AMTRAK) SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

D:\GOVMAN\193760.001
EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE U.S.
FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION
FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION
FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD
INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION
MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION
NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION
OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS
OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
OFFICE OF SPECIAL COUNSEL
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION
PEACE CORPS
PENSION BENEFIT GUARANTY CORPORATION
U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
U.S. COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
U.S. INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION
U.S. POSTAL SERVICE

APPS10
PsN: 193760
E193760.001
 Article No. Section No. Clause No. Amendment No.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.
CONSTITUTION SCAVENGER HUNT
Directions: Locate the phrase in the constitution and indicate what article and section it came
from and it there is a clause number as well. If it is an amendment simply put in the amendment
number. Have fun and good luck ☺ Remember you can work in pairs!

1. The President may pardon people of offenses committed against the United States.

2. The presiding officer of the House is the Speaker of the House.

3. The right to vote cannot be denied because of sex.

4. All state and federal officials are under oath to support the Constitution.

5. The President is limited to two terms in office.

6. Treason is levying war against the United States, adhering to our enemies, or giving them
aid and comfort.

7. The practice of slavery can never be legal in the United States.

8. Congress has the power to borrow money on the credit of the United States.

9. Amendments may be ratified by three-fourths of the legislatures of the states.

10. A person cannot be tried twice for the same crime.

11. The Constitution was ratified by conventions in nine states.

12. Unreasonable search and seizures are forbidden.

13. Judicial proceedings in each state are given full faith and credit in every other state.

14. The President has the power to appoint members of the Supreme Court with Senate
approval.

15. The Vice President is the presiding officer of the Senate.

16. A representative must be a citizen for seven years, tweny-five years old.

17. A person has a right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the state.

18. Congress has the power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization.

19. The Constitution is the highest or supreme law in the United States.

20. The President and Vice-President are elected for a four-year term.