Solutions to Practice Midterm I (version B)

1) The vectors are,

 
B = −5. 6 cos33 ∘  i − 5. 6 sin33 ∘  j
 
C = 4. 8 sin22 ∘  i − 4. 8 cos22 ∘  j
The vector difference is,
D = B−C
 
= −5. 6 cos33 ∘  − 4. 8 sin22 ∘  i + −5. 6 sin33 ∘  + 4. 8 cos22 ∘  j
The magnitude D is,

−5. 6 cos33 ∘  − 4. 8 sin22 ∘  2 +

= 6. 644
−5. 6 sin33 ∘  + 4. 8 cos22 ∘  2
ANS. B

2) The vector sum is,

A+B+C
  
= 1 + 3 − 1 i + 4 − 1 + 1 j + −1 − 4 + 0 k
The magnitude is,
1 + 3 − 1 2 + 4 − 1 + 1 2 + −1 − 4 + 0 2 = 7. 07
ANS D

3) The scalar product is,

A ⋅ C = 8 ⋅ 6 ⋅ cos70 ∘ + 40 ∘  = −16. 4
ANS. A
4) If the train travels 3.3km and reaches a velocity of 48m/s, we can use the formula to find
acceleration,
v 21 − v 20 = 2ax 1 − x 0 
48 2 − 0 = 2a3300
a= 48 2 =. 349
23300
ANS C

5) The average acceleration is,

v 2 − v 1 = 30 − −26 = 2800m/s 2
t2 − t1 20 ∗ 10 −3
ANS. E

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6) ANS A, This is the impossible choice. If an object has constant velocity (that is both the
direction and magnitude are constant) the acceleration must zero and constant.

7) The x-ave. velocity is,

x5. 5 − x0 7 ∗ 5. 5 2 − 4 ∗ 5. 5 + 6 − 6
= = 34. 5
5. 5 − 0 5. 5
The y-ave. velocity is,
y5. 5 − y0 3 ∗ 5. 5 3 − 3 ∗ 5. 5 2 − 12 ∗ 5. 5 − 5 − −5
= = 62. 25
5. 5 − 0 5. 5
ANS B
8) The vertical velocity is given by,
v 21 − v 20 = −2gy 1 − y 0 
0 − 96 2 = −2gy 1 − 0
where at the maximum height the velocity v 21 is zero. Solving for y 1 ,
2
y 1 = 96 = 470
29. 8
ANS E

9) Both bullets feel the same component of gravitation acceleration, g ⊥ , perpendicular to the
incline plane. So the force in perpendicular direction will cause the bullets to veer towards
the plane with the eqn,
S = 1 g⊥t2
2
where S is the perpendicular distance to the plane. Since S is the same for both bullets, the
time for each bullet to touch the plane must be the same.
ANS E

10) use the dot product relations,

B C cos θ = −6. 1−9. 3 + −5. 84. 6
−6. 1−9. 3 + −5. 84. 6
cos θ =
B C
−6. 1−9. 3 + −5. 84. 6
cos θ =
6. 1 2 + 9. 3 2 9. 3 2 + 4. 6 2
−6. 1−9. 3 + −5. 84. 6
θ = arccos = 1. 234 7 radians
6. 1 2 + 5. 8 2 9. 8 2 + 4. 6 2
1. 234 7 180
π = 70. 743 deg
ANS C

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11) the acceleration is the same for the ball everywhere and is a y = −g = 9. 8m/s 2
ANS A

12) The rocket rose 65m and obtained a positive velocity of 50m/s from y a to y b where we
can assume y a = 0 and v y,a = 0. Using the relation, v y,b
2
− v y,a
2
= 2a y y b − y a , we can solve for
v 2y,b 50 2
ay = 2y b
= 2∗65
. Then we use that v y t = v y,a + a y t and solving for t,
v 50
t = ay,b
y
= 50 2
= 2. 6s
2∗65
v b +v a
Alternatively, we can more directly solve the problem using, y b − y a = 2
t or 65 = 50
2
t.
So t = 50/2
65
= 2. 6s.

ANS A

13) The horizontal velocity is constant and equals 80m/s. The vertical velocity is
v y = v 0y + a y t where the y acceleration is due to gravity and equals −9. 8. So at 15s, we have
the velocity magnitude is,
80 2 + 600 − 9. 8 ∗ 15 2 = 460.
ANS E

14) suppose the projectiles are shot with an angle θ with respect to the horizontal. We
have,
v 0,x = v 0 cos θ
v 0,y = v 0 sin θ
the y position of the projectile is then given by,
y = v 0,y t − 1 9. 8t 2
2
This equals zero at y = 0 = v 0,y t − 12 9. 8t 2 or v 0,y = v 0 sin θ = 12 9. 8t. So t is proportional to
sin θ and so the bigger sin θ is, the bigger t is. So the maximum time the projectile is in the
air when θ is in closest to 90 deg.
ANS B)
π
15) Given horizontal speed, v 0,x = 15. 4 cos 180 30 = 13. 337 and we can get the initial
π
vertical speed 15. 4 sin 180 30 = 7. 7. So the time t when the arrow reaches zero height is,
yt = 0 = 19 + v 0 sin30t − 12 9. 8t 2 or 0 = −19 − 7. 7t + 4. 9t 2 . We can solve for the time in this
quadratic eqn. Using at 2 + bx + c = 0, we have,
−b ± b 2 − 4ac
t=
2a
+7. 7 + 7. 7 2 + 4 ∗ 4. 9 ∗ 19
= = 2. 905 8s
2 ∗ 4. 9

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 +7.7− 7.7 2 +4∗4.9∗19
Note the choice 2∗4.9
would give a negative time which is not chosen.

We can check that, −19 − 7. 7t + 4. 9t 2 = −19 − 7. 72. 905 8 + 4. 92. 905 8 2 = 0.

Using this time for the x-position, 13. 337 ∗ 2. 905 8 = 38. 75m. ANS D
Remark; in the Feb 2 tutorial, Prof. Toki, selected the wrong time and incorrectly said ANS
B was the answer.