DUE

 TUESDAY,  NO  EXCUSES,  NO  LATE  WORK.  

100  HOMEWORK  POINTS  (A  HUGE  GRADE  BUMP)  
 
Name:  _________________________________________________________   Unit  6  Exam:  ALL  THE  RIGHT  ANSWERS  
 
Directions:  
For  each  and  every  question,  provide  a  justification  for  why  the  correct  answer  is  correct.  For  
example,  a  justification  can  be  defining  a  key  word  and  making  a  connection  between  the  prompt  
(question)  and  the  correct  answer.  Any  incomplete  answer  will  result  in  a  deduction  in  extra  credit.  
 
Write  your  justification  on  a  separate  sheet  of  paper.  A  few  questions  (1,  4,  10)  have  been  done  for  you!!!  
 
1. Which  of  these  benefits  does  Social  Security  provide  to  senior  citizens?  
A. free  meals  
B. prescription  drugs  
C. job  placement  
D. retirement  income  
 
Justification:  S ocial security is only given to people who have retired,
and my parents pay social security taxes in order to have income
after they retire.
 
2. Which  of  these  is  a  purpose  of  Social  Security?  
A. granting  retirement  benefits  
B. enforcing  affirmative  action  laws  
C. monitoring  unfair  business  practices  
D. developing  workplace  safety  regulations  
 
3. Which  of  these  is  a  purpose  of  Social  Security?  
A. to  provide  income  for  retirees  
B. to  regulate  the  health  care  industry  
C. to  give  relocation  assistance  to  immigrants  
D. to  encourage  taxpayer  contributions  to  charities  
 
4. States  may  offer  medical  coverage  to  children  whose  families  cannot  afford  health  insurance,  and  who  
do  not  qualify  for  similar  federal  programs.  
What  is  the  purpose  of  this  program?  
A. to  increase  wages  for  hospital  employees  
B. to  ensure  that  children  receive  health  care  
C. to  increase  competition  in  the  health  care  industry  
D. to  conduct  a  census  of  children  living  in  each  state  
 
Justification:  M edical coverage is basically health care. By providing
medical coverage, a state would ensure kids receive health care.
  
5. Read  the  excerpt  to  the  right.  
 
What  was  the  purpose  of  the  Supreme  Court  ruling  
described  above?  
A. to  maintain  public  order  
B. to  expand  productivity  
C. to  provide  job  training  
D. to  promote  equity  
 
6. The  Clean  Air  Act  of  1970  set  broad  national  goals  for  the  reduction  of  air  pollution.  
Which  of  these  was  a  direct  result  of  this  act?  
A. Prices  of  automobiles  declined.  
B. Fewer  automobiles  traveled  on  highways.  
C. Automobile  makers  redesigned  automobile  engines.  
D. Automobile  smog  problems  were  eliminated.  
 
7. The  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  (USDA)  provides  help  to  landowners  who  want  to  
restore  wetlands  located  on  their  property.  
What  is  most  likely  the  purpose  of  this  program?  
A. to  protect  the  environment  
B. to  purchase  private  property  
C. to  encourage  development  
D. to  increase  tax  revenues  
 
8. Study  the  political  cartoon  below.  

 
 
EPA:  Environmental  Protection  Agency  
  
To  which  problem  in  Maryland  does  the  political  cartoon  most  directly  apply?  
A. determining  traffic  patterns  in  Annapolis  
B. informing  Baltimore  residents  of  crime  rates  
C. improving  the  water  quality  in  the  Chesapeake  Bay  
D. limiting  the  growing  population  around  Washington,  D.C.  
 
9. Which  of  these  is  the  goal  of  a  state  law  to  reduce  air  and  water  pollution?  
A. expanding  the  economy  
B. promoting  economic  equity  
C. protecting  individual  rights  
D. protecting  public  health  
 
10. Legislation  promoting  immigration  would  most  likely  cause  
A. a  decrease  in  economic  activity  
B. an  increase  in  cultural  diversity  
C. a  decrease  in  population  growth  
D. an  increase  in  available  housing  
 
Justification:  I mmigrants are from different cultural backgrounds,
which means helping them come here would increase cultural
diversity.
 
11. In  1990  Congress  passed  a  law  that  gave  Native  Americans  control  over  Native  American  
artifacts  found  on  federal  land.  
What  was  a  purpose  of  this  law?  
A. to  protect  the  culture  of  Native  Americans  
B. to  fund  scholarships  for  Native  American  students  
C. to  give  states  control  over  Native  American  affairs  
D. to  encourage  business  ownership  by  Native  Americans  
 
12. Which  of  these  was  the  main  goal  of  the  federal  government  when  it  began  affirmative  action  
programs?  
A. to  increase  tax  breaks  for  companies  
B. to  give  job  training  for  minorities  and  women  
C. to  give  workers  the  right  to  join  unions  
D. to  increase  the  numbers  of  minorities  and  women  hired  
 
13. Legislation  promoting  immigration  would  most  likely  cause  
A. a  decrease  in  economic  activity  
B. an  increase  in  cultural  diversity  
C. a  decrease  in  population  growth  
D. an  increase  in  available  housing  
 
14. Which  of  these  best  describes  a  goal  of  affirmative  action  legislation?  
A. to  encourage  young  people  to  go  into  politics  
B. to  promote  educational  opportunities  for  minorities  
C. to  require  employers  to  provide  health  benefits  to  all  workers  
D. to  establish  job  training  courses  for  the  economically  disadvantage  
  
15. In  1988,  Congress  passed  a  law  authorizing  the  payment  of  $20,000  to  each  Japanese  American  placed  
in  relocation  camps  during  World  War  II.  
This  law  is  an  example  of  Congress  
A. protecting  national  security  
B. maintaining  the  rights  of  the  majority  
C. upholding  decisions  made  during  times  of  war  
D. recognizing  violations  of  the  rights  of  a  minority  
 
16. Read  the  excerpt  below.  
“It  shall  be  an  unlawful  employment  practice  for  any  employer  [or]  labor  organization…  to  discriminate  
against  any  individual  because  of  race,  color,  religion,  sex  or  national  origin…”  
—The  Civil  Rights  Act  of  1964  
Based  on  the  excerpt,  what  is  one  way  the  Civil  Rights  Act  of  1964  helps  minority  groups?  
A. It  increased  the  minority  membership  in  private  golf  clubs.  
B. It  promotes  equal  economic  opportunities  for  minorities.  
C. It  guarantees  full-­‐time  work  for  minorities.  
D. It  allows  minorities  freedom  of  religion.  
17.  Discrimination  occurs  when  the  civil  rights  of  an  individual  are  denied  or  interfered  with  because  of  
his  or  her  membership  in  a  particular  group  or  class.  
Which  of  these  demonstrates  an  action  that  would  fight  discrimination?  
A. eliminating  the  national  income  tax  
B. discouraging  women’s  voting  rights  
C. supporting  immigration  restrictions  
D. increasing  opportunities  for  the  disabled  
 
18.  A  job  advertisement  includes  the  statement  “We  are  an  equal  opportunity  employer.”  
Which  of  these  best  explains  what  the  employer  wishes  to  accomplish?  
A. help  people  who  are  trying  to  get  their  first  jobs  
B. provide  on-­‐the-­‐job  training  for  unskilled  workers  
C. assist  people  who  have  been  out  of  work  
D. treat  applicants  fairly  

1.2.3  
19. Study  the  information  below.  Then  answer  the  following  item.  
Executive  Order  9981  (1948)  
“There  shall  be  equality  of  treatment…  for  all  persons  in  the  armed  forces….”  
Executive  Order  11141  (1964)  
“[The  government  shall]  assure  that  older  people  are  not  discriminated  against  because  of  their  age.  .  .  .”  
Executive  Order  11246  (1965)  
“The  government  .  .  .  [will]  provide  equal  opportunity  in  Federal  employment  for  all  qualified  persons.  .  .  
.”  
What  is  the  intent  of  each  of  these  executive  orders?  
A. to  guarantee  the  safety  of  the  people  
B. to  maintain  public  order  
C. to  protect  the  rights  of  individuals  and  groups  
D. to  respect  the  constitutional  rights  of  states  

2.1.1  
20. The  United  States  protects  its  national  security  most  directly  by  
A. passing  environmental  laws  
 B. entering  into  military  alliances  
C. providing  low  interest  loans  to  poor  nations  
D. signing  free  trade  agreements  with  bordering  nations  
 
21. Which  of  these  is  an  example  of  an  economic  sanction?    
A. providing  poor  countries  with  humanitarian  aid  
B. creating  trade  alliances  with  bordering  countries  
C. refusing  to  meet  with  a  diplomatic  representative  of  a  dictatorship  
D. ending  trade  with  a  country  that  has  a  poor  human  rights  record  
 
22. Read  the  news  headline  below.  

 
 
Which  of  these  is  a  purpose  of  this  action  by  the  United  States?  
A. to  decrease  the  cost  of  lumber  
B. to  protect  the  United  States  lumber  industry  
C. to  decrease  United  States  lumber  exports  
D. to  allow  for  the  free  trade  of  lumber  
 
23. In  1972,  the  United  States  and  143  other  nations  signed  a  treaty  that  banned  the  development,  
production,  and  storage  of  biological  weapons.  
What  is  most  likely  the  goal  of  this  treaty?  
A. to  give  nations  the  right  to  defend  themselves  
B. to  stop  nations  from  acquiring  military  secrets  
C. to  conduct  research  on  the  effects  of  biological  weapons  
D. to  prevent  the  use  of  biological  weapons  by  nations  at  war  
 
24. In  the  1980s,  the  United  States,  some  European  countries,  and  the  United  Nations  banned  the  trade  of  
certain  goods  and  services  to  South  Africa.  The  policy  was  in  response  to  South  African  laws  which  
enforced  racial  segregation.  
Which  of  these  best  describes  this  action  toward  South  Africa?  
A. the  use  of  diplomacy  to  gain  military  strength  
B. the  use  of  free  trade  to  build  military  alliances  
C. the  use  of  humanitarian  aid  to  win  political  support  
D. the  use  of  economic  sanctions  to  bring  about  social  change  
 
25. Which  of  the  following  is  an  example  of  the  United  States  government  providing  foreign  aid?  
A. placing  an  embargo  on  foreign  sugar  
B. signing  a  nuclear  arms  control  treaty  
C. sending  medical  supplies  to  foreign  doctors  
D. increasing  immigration  restrictions  
 
26. Read  the  quotation  below.  
“…  let  us  resolve  to  wage  an  unrelenting  [continuous]  battle  against  poverty  and  for  shared  
prosperity  so  that  no  part  of  humanity  is  left  behind  in  the  global  economy.….”  
—President  Bill  Clinton,  at  the  United  Nations,  September  21,  1999  
Which  of  these  topics  is  most  related  to  the  excerpt?  
A. arms  reduction  
B. climatic  changes  
C. military  deployment  
D. development  assistance  
 
27. Read  the  excerpt  below.  
“Everyone  is  entitled…  to  a  fair  and  public  hearing  by  an  independent  and  impartial  tribunal  
[judge/jury],  in  the  determination  of  his  rights  and  obligations  and  of  any  criminal  charge  against  
him.”  
—Article  10  of  the  Universal  Declaration  of  Human  Rights  
According  to  the  excerpt,  all  people  are  entitled  to  
A. the  right  to  due  process  of  law  
B. freedom  of  expression  
C. freedom  from  cruel  or  unusual  punishment  
D. the  right  to  representation  by  legal  counsel  

2.1.2  
28. Which  of  these  statements  about  the  North  Atlantic  Treaty  Organization  (NATO)  is  true?  
A. Members  are  required  to  open  their  borders  to  immigrants  from  other  nations.  
B. Members  are  prevented  from  conducting  trade  with  non-­‐member  nations.  
C. An  armed  attack  against  one  member  is  considered  an  attack  against  all  members.  
D. An  executive  panel  controls  legislation  passed  in  member  nations.  
 
29. The  United  States  signed  the  North  American  Free  Trade  Agreement  (NAFTA)  in  order  to  
A. decrease  trade  with  European  and  Asian  countries  
B. decrease  American  investment  in  overseas  markets  
C. increase  tariffs  placed  on  products  made  in  Mexico  
D. increase  trade  opportunities  for  domestic  businesses  
 
30. A  bill  was  introduced  in  Congress  to  stop  aid  to  countries  that  oppose  United  States  policy  in  
the  United  Nations  General  Assembly.  
 
Which  of  these  issues  most  directly  relates  to  this  bill?  
A. influencing  policies  in  world  organizations  
B. encouraging  peaceful  solutions  to  military  conflicts  
C. providing  industrial  assistance  to  developing  nations  
D. developing  world  solutions  to  environmental  problems  
 
31. As  a  member  of  the  North  Atlantic  Treaty  Organization  (NATO),  the  United  States  would  most  
likely  be  involved  in  
A. developing  a  common  currency  for  member  nations  
B. participating  in  an  international  military  operation  
C. regulating  international  fair  labor  standards  
D. providing  technological  aid  to  developing  countries  
 
32. Which  of  these  would  most  likely  be  involved  in  resolving  a  border  dispute  between  China  and  
Vietnam?  
A. United  Nations  
B. North  Atlantic  Treaty  Organization  
C. International  Red  Cross  
 D. North  American  Free  Trade  Agreement  
 
33. Read  the  information  below.  
The  mission  of  the  International  Red  Cross  is  “…  to  protect  the  lives  and  dignity  of  victims  of  war  
and  internal  violence  and  to  provide  them  with  assistance.”  
According  to  its  mission,  the  Red  Cross  would  most  likely  be  involved  in  which  of  these  activities?  
A. holding  peace  talks  
B. creating  defense  alliances  
C. visiting  prisoner  of  war  camps  
D. trying  military  leaders  for  war  crimes  
 
34. The  International  Monetary  Fund  (IMF)  would  most  likely  be  involved  in  
A. managing  failing  companies  
B. developing  immigration  policies  
C. providing  financial  assistance  to  member  countries  
D. funding  candidates  in  political  campaigns  
 
35. The  United  Nations  was  organized  to  
A. decrease  trade  barriers  
B. prevent  further  world  wars  
C. establish  a  military  alliance  
D. create  a  single  world  currency  

3.1.1  
36. In  2000,  the  population  of  Frederick  County,  Maryland,  was  195,277,  which  was  an  increase  of  
30  percent  from  1990.  
Which  of  these  contributed  to  the  change  in  population?  
A. approval  of  development  plans  by  local  county  officials  
B. implementation  of  strict  environmental  regulations  
C. adoption  of  higher  property  tax  rates  
D. establishment  of  farmland  preservation  plan  
 
37. Calvert  County  grew  45%  between  1990  and  2000.  Which  of  these  events  most  likely  occurred  
as  the  population  grew?  
A. City  land  was  converted  to  farmland.  
B. The  tax  revenue  for  the  county  declined.  
C. Construction  of  new  houses  and  apartments  stopped.  
D. The  county  increased  funding  for  government  services.  

3.1.2  
38. Recently,  the  State  of  Maryland  chose  to  make  more  decisions  regarding  land  use  state-­‐wide.  
Which  of  these  actions  is  least  likely  to  be  part  of  this  new  role?  
A. encouraging  preservation  of  open  space  
B. limiting  the  growth  of  development  
C. taking  money  away  from  conservation  projects  
D. helping  counties  preserve  farmland  
   
  
39. Read  the  headline  to  the  right.  
Which  of  these  issues  is  most  likely  being  addressed  by  the  
headline?  
A. pollution  
B. redistricting  
C. urban  sprawl  
D. reapportionment  
40.  Maryland  lost  approximately  10,000  acres  of  forest  land  each  year  between  1985  and  1990.  
Which  of  these  government  actions  would  have  done  the  most  to  reduce  the  loss?  
A. eliminating  zoning  laws  
B. limiting  the  development  of  real  estate  
C. reducing  funds  for  environmental  studies  
D. decreasing  the  number  of  wildlife  preservation  areas  
 
41.  Which  of  these  public  agencies  usually  decides  local  land-­‐use  issues?  
A. zoning  board  
B. treasurer's  office  
C. police  department  
D. transportation  department  
 
ANSWER  THE  LAST  FOUR  ON  YOUR  OWN  AND  JUSTIFY  EACH  ANSWER!  
 
42. Which  of  these  environmental  issues  would  be  the  least  likely  topic  for  joint  action  by  the  
United  States  and  Canada?  
A. air  pollution  
B. wildlife  migration  
C. water  quality  
D. residential  development  
 
43. Environmentalists  have  most  often  opposed  government  policies  that  
A. lease  public  lands  to  mining  companies  
B. set  aside  lands  for  preservation  in  national  forests  
C. protect  natural  resources  through  recycling  programs  
D. regulate  economic  development  to  stop  deforestation  
 
44. The  Clean  Alternative  program  was  developed  by  the  Maryland  state  government  to  encourage  
businesses,  such  as  taxicab  companies,  to  switch  to  cars  that  use  new  technologies  that  are  less  
harmful  to  the  environment.  
Which  of  these  government  actions  would  support  the  goal  of  this  program?  
A. reducing  the  costs  of  gasoline  
B. improving  the  condition  of  state  highways  
C. building  more  parking  areas  in  crowded  communities  
D. providing  tax  credits  for  the  purchase  of  low-­‐pollution  cars  
 
45. Which  of  these  is  the  most  effective  way  for  a  state  government  to  reduce  pollution  in  a  river?  
A. limit  the  number  of  fish  that  can  be  taken  from  the  river  each  day  
B. encourage  volunteers  to  pick  up  trash  in  the  most  polluted  areas  of  the  river  
C. offer  tax  breaks  to  industries  that  decrease  the  amount  of  pollutants  released  into  the  river  
D. sell  land  along  the  banks  of  the  river  owned  by  the  state  government  to  businesses  and  individuals