A

Paper Presentation
On

CLOUD COMPUTING

M.M. Polytechnic, Thergaon, Pune- 33

Aishwarya A. Waghmale Swati S. Dubal

S.Y. Computer T.Y. Computer
aishwaryawaghmale@gmail.com swatidubal54@gmail.com

Abstract :-

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 Cloud computing is a broad concept of using internet to allow people to access
technology –enabled services. Cloud computing and web based application are the future of
computer in which all of us will interact. Cloud computing is the technology that uses the
internet and central remote servers to maintain data and application. Cloud computing allows
customers and businesses to use application without installation and access their personal
files at any computer with internet access. This technology allows for much more efficient
computing by centralizing storage, memory, processing and bandwidth.
A example of cloud computing is Yahoo email and g mail. You don’t need a server or
software to use them. Cloud computing comes in focus when we want to increase capacity or
add capabilities on the fly without investing a new infrastructure, Training new personnel or
licensing new software. Further avoiding maintenance costs and cost of the hardware
required running servers on-sit, companies are able to run application much more efficiently
from a computing standpoint.

INDEX :-

1. CLOUD COMPUTING - AN INTRODUCTION

2. CLOUD SERVICES OFFERINGS

3. SEVEN STANDARDS OF CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES.

4. TYPES OF CLOUD COMPUTING

5. APPLICATIONS.
6. CLOUD COMPUTING BENEFITS.

7. SUMMERY AND CONCLUSION

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCES

1 .What is cloud?

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A cloud is a pool of virtualized computer resources.

A cloud can:
 Host a variety of different workloads, including batch-style back-end jobs and
interactive, User- facing applications.
 Allow workloads to be deployed and scaled-out quickly through the rapid
provisioning of
 virtual machines or physical machines
 Support redundant, self-recovering, highly scalable programming models that
allow.
 workloads to recover from many unavoidable hardware/software failures
 Monitor resource use in real time to enable rebalancing of allocations when
needed.
Clouds also support non grid environments, such as a three-tier Web architecture
running Standard or Web 2.0 applications. A cloud is more than a collection of computer
resources because a cloud provides a mechanism to manage those resources. Management
includes provisioning, change requests, reimaging, workload rebalancing, deprovisioning,
and monitoring. A cloud infrastructure can be a cost efficient model for delivering
information services, reducing IT management complexity, promoting innovation, and
increasing responsiveness through real time workload balancing.
Cloud computing promises to increase the velocity with which applications are
deployed, increase innovation, and lower costs, all while increasing business agility. Sun
takes an inclusive view of cloud computing that allows it to support every facet, including the
server, storage, network, and virtualization technology that drive cloud computing
environments to the software that runs in virtual appliances that can be used to assemble
applications in minimal time.
At a cursory glance, Clouds appear to be a combination of clusters and Grids.
However, this is not the case. Clouds are clearly next-generation data centers with nodes
“virtualized” through hypervisor technologies such as VMs, dynamically “provisioned” on
demand as a personalized resource collection to meet a specific service-level agreement,
which is established through a “negotiation” and accessible as a compostable service via
“Web 2.0” technologies.

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2.THE CLOUD COMPUTING – AN INTRODUCTION :

2.1 Definition :

Cloud Computing, which refers to the concept of dynamically provisioning

processing time and storage space from a ubiquitous “cloud” of computational
resources, allows users to acquire and release the resources on demand and provide
access to data from processing elements, while relegating the physical location and
exact parameters of the resources. As the user could see, Cloud Computing means
scalability on demand, flexibility to meet business changes and easy to use and
manage.
According to Wikipedia, Cloud computing is a style of computing in which
Dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided service over
the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the
Technology infrastructure in the "cloud" that supports them.
Computing is usually defined as the activity of using and developing computer technology,
Computer hardware and software. It is the computer-specific part of information technology.
Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the science of the theoretical

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Foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in
Computer systems.

“In a general way, we can define computing to mean any goal-oriented activity
requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers. Thus, computing includes designing and
building hardware and software systems for a wide range of purposes; processing,
structuring, and managing various kinds of information; doing scientific studies using
computers; making computer systems behave intelligently; creating and using
communications and entertainment media; finding and gathering information relevant to any
particular purpose, and so on. The
list is virtually endless, and the possibilities are vast.”

3. CLOUD SERVICES OFFERINGS :-

3.1 Software as a Service (SaaS) :

 Software as a service features a complete application offered as a service on demand.

A single instance of the software runs on the cloud and services
multiple end users or client organizations.
 The most widely known example of SaaS is salesforce.com, though many

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 other examples have come to market, including the Google Apps offering of
basic business services including email and word processing.

3.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS) :

 Platform as a service encapsulates a layer of software and provides it as a

service that can be used to build higher-level services. There are at least two
perspectives on PaaS depending on the perspective of the producer or
consumer of the services:
1)Someone producing PaaS
2) Someone using PaaS
 Commercial examples of PaaS include the Google Apps Engine, which serves
applications on Google’s infrastructure. PaaS services such as these can
provide a powerful basis on which to deploy applications, however they may
be constrained by the capabilities that the cloud provider chooses to deliver.

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3.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) :

a. Infrastructure as a service delivers basic storage and compute capabilities as

standardized services over the network. Servers, storage systems, switches,
routers, and other systems are pooled and made available to handle workloads
that range from application components to high-performance computing
applications.
b. Commercial examples of IaaS include Joyent, whose main product is a line of
virtualized servers that provide a highly available on-demand infrastructure.

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4 . SEVEN STANDARDS OF CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES :-

4.1 World-class security – Provision world-class security at every level.

1) Physical security
2) Network security’s
3) Application security
4) Secure data-backup strategy

4.2 Trust and transparency – Provide transparent, real-time, accurate service

Performance and availability information.

4.3 True Multitenancy – Deliver maximum scalability and performance to customers

with a true multitenant architecture. Multitenancy is:
a. The platform for high performance
b. The platform for high availability

4.4 Proven scale – Support millions of users with proven scalability.

a. Proof of the ability to scale to hundreds of thousands of subscribers
b. Resources to guarantee the highest standards of service quality, performance, and
security to every customer
c. Support that responds quickly and accurately to every customer

4.5 High performance – Cloud-computing platforms must deliver consistent, high-speed

Systems performance worldwide and provide detailed historical statistics to back up
Performance claims, including:
1) Average page response times
2) Average number of transactions per day.

4.6 Complete disaster recovery – Protect customer data by running the service on
multiple, geographically dispersed data centers with extensive backup, data archive, and
failover capabilities.

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4.7 High availability – Equip world-class facilities with proven high-availability
infrastructure and application software.

5. TYPES OF CLOUD :-

All of the architectural and organizational considerations mentioned thus far generally
apply to
all implementations of a cloud infrastructure. As we focus on building the cloud, a number of
models have been developed for (deploying?) a cloud infrastructure:
5.1 Public Cloud:
In simple terms, public cloud services are characterized as being available to clients from
a third party service provider via the Internet. The term “public” does not always mean
free, even though it can be free or fairly inexpensive to use. A public cloud does not
mean that a user’s data is publically visible; public cloud vendors typically provide an
access control mechanism for their users. Public clouds provide an elastic, cost effective
means to deploy solutions.

Figure 5.1 - Public Cloud:

5.2 Private Cloud:

A private cloud offers many of the benefits of a public cloud computing environment,
such as being elastic and service based. The difference between a private cloud and a
public cloud is that in a private cloud-based service, data and processes are managed
within the organization without the restrictions of network bandwidth, security exposures
and legal requirements that using public cloud services might entail. In addition, private

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cloud services offer the provider and the user greater control of the cloud infrastructure,
improving security and resiliency because user access and the networks used are
restricted and designated.

Figure 5.2 – Private Cloud:

5.3 Community Cloud:

A community cloud is controlled and used by a group of organizations that have
shared interests, such as specific security requirements or a common mission. The members
of the community share access to the data and applications in the cloud.

Figure 5.3 – Community cloud:

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5.4 Hybrid Cloud:
A hybrid cloud is a combination of a public and private cloud that interoperates. In
this model users typically outsource non-business-critical information and processing to
the public cloud, while keeping business-critical services and data in their control.

Figure 5.4 – Hybrid Cloud

6.APPLICATIONS

There will be too many applications of cloud computing, but its most important use is in IT
Industry. The other fields where the cloud computing may be used are as follows:

1) Aerospace
2) Defense
3) Telecommunications
4) Energy
5) Healthcare
6) Financial services
7) Government
8) Non‐profit
9) Media
10) Manufacturing

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7.CLOUD COMPUTING BENEFITS

In order to benefit the most from cloud computing, developers must be able to
refractor their applications so that they can best use the architectural and deployment
paradigms that cloud computing supports. The benefits of deploying applications using cloud
computing include reducing run time and response time, minimizing the risk of deploying
physical infrastructure, lowering the cost of entry, and increasing the pace of innovation.

7.1Reduce run time and response time

For applications that use the cloud essentially for running batch jobs, cloud computing
makes it straightforward to use 1000 servers to accomplish a task in 1/1000 the time that a
single server would require.

7.2 Minimize infrastructure risk

IT organizations can use the cloud to reduce the risk inherent in purchasing physical
Servers. The way in which cloud computing minimizes infrastructure risk is by enabling
surge computing, where an enterprise datacenter (perhaps one that implements a private
cloud) augments its ability to handle workload resources can be better matched to immediate
needs, And at lower cost.

7.3 Lower cost of entry

There are a number of attributes of cloud computing that help to reduce the cost to
enter new markets:
a. Because infrastructure is rented, not purchased, the cost is controlled, and the
Capital investment can be zero.
b. Applications are developed more by assembly than programming. This rapid
Application development is the norm, helping to reduce the time to market,

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 Figure 7.2 - Beneficial services distribution on cloud stack

8. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Cloud computing is a new and promising paradigm delivering IT services as

computing utilities. As Clouds are designed to provide services to external users, providers
need to be compensated for sharing their resources and capabilities. In this paper, we have
proposed architecture for market-oriented allocation of resources within Clouds services.
Cloud computing represents an exciting opportunity to bring on-demand applications
to customers in an environment of reduced risk and enhanced reliability. However, it is
Important to understand that existing applications cannot just be unleashed on the cloud as is.
Careful attention to design will help ensure a successful deployment. In particular, cloud
based applications should be deployed as virtual appliances so they contain all the
Components needed to operate, update, and manage them. Simple design will aid with
Scalability as demand for the application increases. And, planning for failure will ensure that
The worst doesn’t happen when the inevitable occurs. Don’t be afraid to have your head in
the clouds when it comes to application deployment. Your customers will reap the benefits,
and you’ll gain the competitive advantage of a flexible, scalable application solution.

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9 .BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCES

 Lasica, J.D.; Identity in the age of cloud computing; Pearson Publications.

 Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia ,
 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing]
 www.sun.com/cloud
 www.salessforce.com/cloudcomputing

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