/ t4

CEMA STANDARD FOR WET-PROCESS PORCELAIN

I NSULATORS.
(STRAIN TYPE)

lB-I
I 957

L J

CEMA STANDARDS
for
WET PROCESS PORCELAIN INSULATORS
(Strain Type)
1. Scope
1.1 These standards cover strain-type insulators
made of wet-process porcelain used in the trans-
mission and distribution of electrical energy.
2. Definitions
2.1 See Section 2 of the American Standard In-
suktor Tests, Publication No. C29.1-1944, or
latest revision thereof, for definition of terms.
Copies are available frnui t~ie An,evican Standards Association,
Inc.. 70 Ease 45th Street, New Yotk 17, N. Y.
3. General
3.1 Standard insulators shall conform in all re-
spects to the requirements hereinafter stated. The
text, data sheets, and data sheet drawings supple-
ment each other and shall be considered as parts of
these standards.
3.2 The data sheet drawings arc type drawings,
and overall dimensions are shown.
3.3 Manufacturer’s drawings, if -furnished, shall
show the outline of the insulators together with all
pertinent dimensions. Any variations in these dimen-
sions due to manufacturing tolerances shall be
indicated.
4. Material
4.1 The insulators shall be made of good com-
mercial grade wet-process porcelain. -
4.2 The entire surface of the insulators, with the
exception of a firm surface, shall be glazed. The
standard-~-celor-of- aze-shall----be —brown.-The——
entire surface shall be relatively free from im-
perfections.
5. Dimensions and Characteristics
5.1 Dimensions and characteristics shall be in
accordance with the data sheets.
6. Marking
6.1 Each insulator shall bear a symbol identify-
January 2, 1957
18—1,
1957
ing the manufacturer. The marking shall be legible
and durable.
7. Packing
7.1 Insulators shall be so packed as to prevent
injury to them during transportation and handling.
Insulators packed in containers conforming to all
construction requirements of Ca n a di an Freight
classification as to bursting tests, size limit and
gross weight shall 1e considered as being adequately
packed.
7.2 Each box or container shall be marked with
the number of pieces contained therein, the cata-
logue number, or drawing number, or description
of the contents, and the manufacturer’s name.
8. Manufacturer’s Production
Sampling and Tests
8.1 The manufacturer shall make adequate tests
to determine that insulators manufactured in ac-
cordance with these standards will meet the require.
ments thereof.
9. Sampling, Inspection and Tests
9.1 General. Substantial test experience, over a
long period of time, indicates that a total of I,4 of
one per cent of the number of insulators in a lot is
sufficient to establish characteristics demonstrable
by destructive tests.
9.2 DimensIons. Three insulators 51)611 be se-
lected at random from the lot and their dimensions
checked against the dimensions on the manufac-
turer’s drawing. Failureof more than one of these
insulators-to- confor*n~—withinmanufacturing~-toler-
ances, to the dimensions on this drawing shall con-
stitute failure of the lot to meet this standard.
9.3 Design Tests. Certified test data on insula.
tors of existing design shall be regarded as equiva.
lent to actual design tests. Design tests on insulators
of new design shall be made in accordance with
paragraphs 9.3.1 and 9.3.2.
9.3.1 Low-frequency Dry./laalsover. Three
insulators shall be selected at random and tested in
accordance with Section 4.1 of Amerin Standard
I

Insulator Tests, Publication No. C29.1-1944, or
latest revision thereof. Failure of the average dry.
flashover value of the three insulators to equal or
exceed 95 per cent of the rated dry-flashover value,
as given on the applicable data sheet, shall con-
stitüte failure to meet this standard.
9.3.2 Low-frequency JVeL-/lashover. Three
insulators shall be selected at random and tested in
accordance with Section 4.2 of the American Stand-
ard Insulator Tests, Publication No. C29.1.1944, or
latest revision thereof. Failure of the average wet-
flashover value of the three insulators to equal or
exceed 90 per cent of the rated wet.flashover value,
as given on the applicable data sheet, shall con-
stitute failure to meet this standard.
9.4 Quality Control Teste
9.4.1 Visual. If visual inspection is required
on lots of 500 or more insulators, 50 insulators
shall be selected at rindom from the lot. If more
than 4 but less than 10 of the insulators fail to meet
January 2, I9~57
- 1957
the requirements of paragraph 4.2, 100 additional
insulators shall be selected at random from the same
lot. Failure of more than 10 insulators total from
both the first and second samples shall constitute
failure of the lot to meet this standard.
9.4.2 Porosity. Test specimens shall be se-
lected from insulators destroyed in other tests and
tested in accordance with Section 5.4 of the Amer.
icon Standard Insulator Tests, Publication No.
C29.1-1944, or latest revision thereof. Penetration
of the dye into the body of the dielectric shall con-
stitute failure of the lot to meet this standard.
9.4.3 Tensile Strength. Five insulators shall
be selected at random and tested in accordance with
paragraph 5d.5 of the American Standard Insulator
Tests, Publication No. C29J-1944, or latest revision
thereof. Failure of the average strength of the five
insulators to meet the strength requirement given
on the applicable data sheet or failure of any one
insulator to equal 85 per cent of that strength
requirement shall constitute failure of the lot to
meet this standard.
2
 1~fl—I,
1957
DATA 5ut~r

Class 54-1

2EC~

Class 54.2

6.1., is she
f.IIswts~ p.... -
~apb I. 4~.ir.a
S,.a4sr4 tassIsis,
~.~tn* Tv.s.. P.h. r4..
Qi.ieeiiil.th. CIas. 541 Cl... 54-2 C29.1.1*44

1. MECHANICAL VALUES
a. TensileStreugth. Pounds - 10000—- 12000—- -

2. ELEcrIUcAL VALuEs
a. Low.frequeacy Dry Flashover, Ky 23 30 4.1
b. Low.frequency Wet Flashover, Ky 12 15 4.2
C. Leakage Distance, Inches 1% 17/s 2.6.1
NOTE 1—Tolerances a~~s
inch d=%4 inch g=% inch
b=V~inch
1 e3is inch b½ inch
c= 4~inch f~4 inch x0 inch -
1
The use of a single letter Indicate, the same phi, or mona tolerance. for example, spius or minus 4e inch. Where two lettera are used,
the firit indicates the plus tokra~ctand the second in4icates she minus tolerauca, for example. Ixp’-’ 4~inch, minus 0 lack.

January 2, 1957 3
 lB-I,
1957
DATA SHEET

- 1.1.. a 1k.
f.H.i.1a pare-
rsph is 5
Siaad..d I,,ust.tm’
Rattag i...., r,.~.z~..
Cb.rs.tr,4s51ea Class 54-3 Cl... 54.4 4~re.1.t944

I. MECIIANICAL VALuES
a. Tenlile Strength, Pounds - 20000 20000 5.L5
2. ELECTRICAL VALUES
a. Low.frequency Dry Flashover, Ky 35 40 4.1
b. Low-frequency Wet Flashover, Ky 18 23 4.2
c. Leakage Distance, Inches 2% 3 2.6.1
NOTE 1—Tolerances s14, inch d~4 inch g=% inch
b=Y~,inch e~j inch h½ inch
c=½,luck f~ 5inch z=O inch
The use of a single letter Indicates thc same plus or minus tolerance, for example, a=plui or minus i4~ nch. Where two letters are used.
the Srst indicates the plus toitrance and the second indicates the minus tolerance, for example, axplus ~ inch, minus 0 inch.

January 2, 1957 4
 EEMAC STANDARDS

FOR

WET—PROCESS PORCELAIN INSULATORS

t~POOLTYPE)

L
 CEMA STANDARDS
for
WET-PROCESS PORCELAIN INSULATORS
(Spool Type)
1. Scope
11 These standards cover spool.type insulators
made of wet-process porcelain used in the tratis-
mission and distribution of electrical energy.
2. Definitions
2.1 See Section 2 of the American Standard In-
sulator Tests,’ Publication No~ C29d.1944. or
latest revision thereof, for definition of terms.
Co~ies are available from the Americ*n Standards A~aoriation,
Inc.. 70 Eavt 45th Street, New York 17, N. V.
3. General
31 Standard insulators shall conform in all re-
spects to the requirements hereinafter stated. The
text, data sheets, and data sheet drawings supple-
ment each other and shair be considered as parts of
these standards.
3.2 The data sheet drawings are type drawings,
and overall dimensions are shown.
3.3 Manufacturer’s drawings, if furnished, shall
show the outline of the insulators together with all
pertinent dimensions. Any variations in these di.
mensions due to manufacturing tolerances shall be
indicated.
4. Material
4.1 The insulators shall be made of good com-
mercial grade wet-process porcelain.
4.2 The entire surface of the insulator, with the
exception of a firing surface, shall be glazed. The
standard color of the glaze shall be brown. The
entire surface shall be relatively free from im-
perfections.
5. Dimensions and Characteristics
5.1 Dimensions and characteristics shall be in
accordance. with the data sheets.
6. Marking
6.1 Each insulator shall bear a symbol identify-
ing the manufacturer. The marking shall be legible
and durable.
January 2, 1957
7. Packing
7.1 Jnsula~ors shall be so packed as to prevent
injury to them during transportation and handling.
Insulators paeked in containers conforming to all
construction requirements of Canadian Freight
classificatioz: as to bursting tests, sIze i~mitand
gross weight shall be considered as being adequately
packed.
7.2 Each box or container shall be marked with
the number of pieces contained therein, the cata-
logue number, or drawing number, or description
of the contents, and the manufacturer’s name.
8. Manufacturer’s Production
Sampling and Tests
8.1 The manufacturer shall make adequate tests
to determine that insulators manufactured in ac-
cordance with these standards will meet the require-
ments thereof,
9. Sampling, Inspection and Tests
9.1 General. Substantial test experience, over a
long period of tune, indicates that a total of % of
one per cent ol the number of insulators in a lot is
sufficient to establish characteristics demonstrable
by destructive tests.
9.2 Dimensions. Three insulators shall he se-
lected at random from the lot and their dimensions
checked against the dimensions on the manufac-
turer’s drawing. Failure of more than one of these
insulators to conform, within manufacturing toler-
ances, to the dimensions on this drawing shall con-
stitute failure of the I~tto meet this standard.
9.3 Design Tests. Certified test data on insula.
tors of existing design shall be regarded as equiva-
lent to actual design tests. Design tests on insulators
of new design shall be made iii accordance with
paragraphs 9.3.1 and 9.3,2.
9.3.1 Low-frequency Dry.flaahover. Three
insulators shall he selected at random and tested in
accordance with Section 4.1 of the American Stand.
ard Insulator Tests, Publication No. C29.1.1944, or
latest revision thereof. Failure of the average dry-
fiashover value of the three insulators to equal er
1

exceed 95 per cent of the rated dry-fiasho~rervalue,
as given on the applicable data sheet, shall constitute
failure to meet this standard.
9.3.2 Low./requency Wet-/lashover. Three
insulators shall be selectcd at random and tested in
accordance with Section 4.2 of the American Stand-
ard Insulator Tests, Publication No. C29.l-1944, or
latest revision thereof. Failure of the average wet.
flashover value of the three insulators to equal or
exceed 90 per cent of the rated wet-flashover value,
as given on the applicable data sheet, shall con-
stitute failure to meet this standard.
9.4 QualIty Control Tests
9.4.1 Visual. If vsual inspection is required
on Iota of 500 or more insulators, 50 insulators shall
be selected at random from the lot. If more than 4
but less than 10 of the insulators fail to meet the
requirements of paragraph 4.2, 100 additional in-
sulators shall be selected at random from the same
January 2, 1957
tt~f~7
lot.. Failure of more than 10 insulators total from
both the tirst and second samples shall constitute
failure of the lot to meet this standard.
9.4.2 Porosity. Test specimens shall be se-
lected from insulators destroyed in other tests and
tested in accordance with Section 5.4 of the Amer-
ican Standard In.sula~or Tests, Publication No.
C29.1-1944, or latest revision thereof. Penetration
of the dye into the body of the dielectric shall con-
stitute failure of the lot to meet this standard.
9.4.3 Transverse Strength. Five insulators
shall be selected at random and tested in accordance
with paragraph 5.1.6 of the American Standard
Insulator Tests, Publication No. C29.1-1944, or
latest revision thereof. Failure of the average
strength of the five insulators to meet the strength
requirements given on the applicable data sheet or
failure of any one insulator to equal 85 per cent of
that strength requirement shall constitute failure of
the lot to meet this standard.
 . . .
I DATA SHEET

Class 53-1’ Class 53-2t (~

kit.,.~. th. f.)t.’.ia*

pseun-aph Iv. A~n.ive.*
5vsv.4.n~ S,...I.f.r Ti-si.,
Ch.iraetee~slies Chv.. 53-I CI.~$3.2 Ci... $3-S P.S., k.. C29.l-184h

1. MECWucAi. VALUES
a. Transverse Strength, Pounds 2000 3000 4000 5.1.6

2. ELECTRICAL V.u..uES
a. Low-frequency Dry Flashover, Ky 20 25 25 4.1
b. Low.frequency Wet Flashover, Ky
1. Vertical 8 12 12 4.2
2. Horizontal 10 15 15 4.2

‘Side wire groove must seat not less than 13~-inehdiameter mandrel
IS’de wire groove must seat not leu than l~ -i~cbdiameter mandrel.
0
NOTE I—Tolerances a=~veinch d.~ inch gn% inch k1 inch
b=~ inch c=3%~inch h=½inch x0 inch
c=t4c inch f=%4 tnch j% inch
The use o( * single letter indicates the unse plus or minus tolcrancc, tor example. amplu. or minus inch. Where two lettei, are used, the 6,me indicates th~plus soleranc. md the second Indicates
the minus tolerance. tor example, amnplus ~ Inch, taints. 0 inch.

1~-~
 2B-1,
1957

DATA SHE~ET

3 ~a

/
S Clau 53—7

1
REFER TO ThE FOLLOWIHI
PARAIRAPN IN AME*~C.*N’
STANDARD RSIM.ATO~TESTS,
\
CI4ARA TERIS TICS Class 53—5 Class 53—7 PU5,NO.C25.l.I044
9
I. ECP-tA?~GALVALUES
IRA SV(RSE STRENGTH, POUNDS 4500 5500 5.1.6

2.~ F’~TRICALVALUES
,.OW-FREQUENCY DRY FLASHOVER~XV. 30 40 4-I
i. LOWFREQU~NCY *ETFLASP4OV~R,XV’
I. VERTIc~AL 15 20 4-2
2 i-s ORIZ ON TAt. 18 28 4-2
*~r:E NINE GROOVE MUST SEAT NOT LESS THAN 7/0 INCH DiAMETER MANDREL
E WIRE GROOVE MOST SEAT NOT LESS THAN I INCH DIAMETER MANDREL
~‘.TE l-’TOLE*A$CES A. 1/04 INCH 051/1 INCH 3 • 3/0 INCH K’ I INCH
5’ 1/32 INCH £53/IS INCH N’ I/f INCH ~sO INCH

C’ I/IS INCH F. 1/4 INCH 3~~I’4 INCH

~4 USE OF A SINGLE LETTER INDICATES THE SAME PLUS OR MINUS TOLERANCE, FOR EXAMPLE, A~PLUS ~a MINUS I/Os INCH.
IERE TWO LETTERS ARE USED, THE FIRST INDICATES THE P1.00 TOLERANCE AND THE SECOND INDIGA~TES THE MINUS
~)LERANCE, FOR EXAMPLE. AX • PLUS /04 INCH, MINUS 0 INCH.

2, 1957 4