World media Scenario

Notes

-pre 2nd world war

radio was the only means of international comm.

-1939-45 radio was used by Hitler n by western allied forces (America). People were
eager to hear the news of war.

-first step of wrld comm. Was television

-europe, 1950 news came on tv

-1950 tv came to India.

-entertainment programs started in 1959

entertainment (movies) n news (BBC-british n CNN-america) both belonged to
developed countries.

-1965 Intel Sat- Russia

1971 Inter Sputnik
both of them increased the speed of info processing

1969- landed on moon (inter space comm)

1973- Canada for tele comm.. Synchronous orbit satellite in space. Purpose was low cost
earth station. A single serial can be seen in the whole country at the same time.

Instructional television satellite experiment (purpose- education flow n development). Tv

used as comm.
1974-Canada Webstar-which first time created voice, video, fax, data at the same time. It
could send 8 million words per second.
Fax-fascimily-similar face

It created revolution in comm.

1970-Fibre Cables
1971-Audio visual cassettes
1979-VCD invented
1979-calculator can even send fax.

Then came the comp, which can store the whole data as a ‘file’.
Computer then replaced by silicon chips, which got replaced by binary codes.
Every time the Lang also changed.
Then mobile, net, SMS, video conferencing.

80 countries got freedom from colonial countries (mainly asian n African)

independence created a desire in ppl 2 communicate
UN was formed after 2nd world war. It is a platform for diff countries to collect their
voices.

1948-there was a universal declaration including freedom of expression.

Despite all this, there is a control on the flow of info process and rich countries control it.
Poor countries have no say. We know more about Hillary Clinton than any other person
form an undeveloped country.

America and England have controlled the whole info. By CNN and BBC, they can show
any info at any time.
They can telecast anything that they want to. At the same time they can even show
negative things.

4 major news agencies are Reuter, AP, AFP, DPA (Germany). These tell us everything as
they have their reporters all over the world.

1975-Non allied news pool

It failed coz no one country was interested in knowing about the other country. 70
under developed countries took part in this programme. But none of these countries
printed news about the other countries.
This proves the point that big countries after 2nd world war were able to control the tastes,
choices and preferences of poor people. Its office is in ATI in Delhi.

Bilateral, multilateral and regional communication.

News and info are meant to be shared n media does dat.

For a long time countries did nt allow free flow of comm.. India can’t afford a free flow
of info wid Pakistan.
Bhutan does not allow satellite channels.
Satellite has changed the whole scenario but still India does nt allow foreign news
agencies to directly give news. They first come to UNI n PTI so dat news can be scanned
n chosen.

Bilateral adjustment comes form HT wid the collaboration of Wall street journal. There
are other examples lik readers digest, cosmopolitan.

SAARC countries can send radio n tv n broadcast their progs. Afghanistan is also going
to join SAARC.

We can lose sentiments, sincerity, dignity wid the free flow of info lik in the case of
benazir.

Religion, economic disparity, cultural sensitivity are the barriers for free flow of comm.
Some ppl get hurt, some doubt you.
Bias n prejudice
Foreign countries have the image of a backward country. 100 yrs ago they thot dat India
is a country of sati pratha, snake charmers, elephants etc. they hd a view dat India can’t
progress.

For free flow of comm., we need bilateral, multilateral and regional cooperation. BBC n
CNN are examples of multilateral.

Reuter, AP, DAP, AFP are examples of bilateral.

SAARC is regional cooperation.

Publishing mint by HT from Wall street journal is known as bilateral arrangement.

Mail today-with Mail form London and India Today from India.

Many countries do not allow other countries’ agencies to operate freely.

India does nt allow broadcasting of news thru pvt channels cpz of delicate social structure
of India.
‘Water’ movie was a major controversy coz it went against Hindu religion.
The most imp barrier for the flow of info is the sensitivity of the receiver.
2nd is the biasness and prejudices of the person giving info.
3rd is the technological barrier. India is facing the problem of infrastructure especially
UNI n PTI. They do nt hv ne financial sources coz nobody is taking care of them.

Comm. Integrates knowledge, org and power n runs as a thread linking the earliest
memory of man to the noblest aspirations thru constant striving for a better life.

World is changing. It is shrinking. Every minute info is there on ur tv. Now wid the help
of satellite tv, mobile, world is becoming more informed. We can watch live cricket
matches. There is no iron curtain b/w ne country.

Technology has totally changed the scenario if world comm.

BBC is the best example of world’s best communication technology. CNN is also good
but nt much effective.
Both of them had controlled world info and also the entertainment and news industry.

Economists is the only magazine on the world level.