PROCEEDINGS

The First International Conference on Health, Safety & Environment In Oil and Gas Exploration and Production

Volume I

11-14 November 1991 The Hague, The Netherlands

1
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UB/TIB Hannover
101 196 369

89

Sponsors: Society of Petroleum Engineers & Koninklijk Instituut van Ingenieurs

CONTENTS VOLUME 1
SPE 23184 SPE 23185 SPE 23186 SPE 23188 SPE 23189 SPE 23190 Medical Screening for Survival Training
KM. Doig and H.D. Horsley, RGIT Survival Centre Ltd.

17 25 29 33 37 47 51 61 67 79 89 97 101 Ill 117 123 131 145

The Decay of Resuscitation Skills Following Training

J.N. Norman, I.W.B. Johnson, andJ.A. Brebner, RGIT Survival Centre Ltd.

Health Care Training for Offshore and Remote Worksites

M. Cullen, RGIT Survival Centre Ltd.

Exploration Site Medical Problems in a Remote African Country

C.E. Moore, Exxon Co. Intl., andD.R. Hudgins, Exxon Biomedical Sciences Inc.

The Health and Safety Implications of Local Medical Support for Land Seismic Crews in Remote Locations in Southeast Asia
P.M. Win, Geco Myanmar Ltd., and P.C. Suter, Geco-Prakla Singapore Pte. Ltd.

Evaluation of a Health Care Program for a Remote Oil and Gas Exploration Project
J.D. McDougall, Corporate Wellness Assocs. O.B. Ogunnaike, Shell Petroleum Development Co. of Nigeria

SPE 23191 Health Care in Nigeria SPE 23192 SPE 23193 SPE 23194 SPE 23195 SPE 23196 Ergonomic Acceptability Criteria for the Norwegian Offshore Industry
R.H. Westgaard and LA. Wulff, U. ofTrondheim

Stress and Strain Wearing Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus

P.H.J. Puttiger, Nederlandse Aardolie Mij. B. V.

Motion Sickness in TEMPSC: Comparison of Abandonment and Training

S.T. Brooke, National Hyperbaric Centre Ltd., and M.G. Greenen and T.M. Light, RGIT Survival Centre Ltd.

Biological Risks in Exploration Activities in Argentina

N. Segura, Shell C.A.P.S.A.

Skin Diseases Among Workers of Exploration and Production Department, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Harjono, Pertamina, and I. Djati, P. T. Arun Natural Gas Liquefaction Co.

SPE 23197 Health, Safety, and Environmental Considerations in Developing Frontier Areas
J.R. Smith, Shell Oil Co.

SPE 23198 SPE 23199

Management of Occupational Health Worldwide

G. de Jong, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

Industrial Hygiene Program Audit Manual

E.C. Thayer and W.S. Smith, Exxon Co. Intl. P.B. Gijselman, Nederlandse Aardolie Mij. B.V.

SPE 23200 Presence of Mercury in Natural Gas: An Occupational Health Programme SPE 23201 SPE 23202 Noise Survey in Offshore Operations
M.N. Abdul Rahman and H. Abdullah, Esso Production Malaysia Inc.

A Review of Audiometry Results in Offshore Workers in the Brent Field

J. W. Johnson, Shell UK E&P, and M.J. Gann, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V. G.J. Lombardo and K.J. McCants, Anadrill/Schlumberger, and M. Klein, SynchroTech

SPE 23204
SPE 23206 SPE 23207 SPE 23208

Strategies for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Service at the Wellsite . . . 155
The Medical Screening and Selection Programme Among Workers in the Indonesian Oil and Gas Industry
Harjono and Soeryadi, Pertamina

167 173 179

The Exploration and Production Forum Chemicals Data Base

G. de Jong and W. de Ligny, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V., and A.D. Read, The Oil Industry Intl. E&P Forum

A New Database of Health Facilities Abroad

Q.E. Hogg, J. Levin, and P.D. Clarke, Medical Advisory Services for Travellers Abroad

SPE 23209 Benefits of a Relational Database for Computerized Management of Environmental and Health Information 187
W.W. Shepherd, Dowell Schlumberger

SPE 23211 Group Unified Accident Reporting Database (Guard)

W. Koene and K.W. Waterfall, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B.V.

195 201 211 215 223 235 243 253 261 267 273 283 291 295

SPE 232D SPE 23214 SPE 23215

An Effective Corporate Drug and Alcohol Program

J. Wong, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., andL.B. Barnes and K.R. Collins, Chevron Corp.

Employee Assistance Programme in the Offshore Environment

J.R.B. Cooper, Mobil Oil Co. Ltd.

Employee and Organizational Assistance Program (EOAP): Meeting the Challenges of the Coming Decade
W.M. Csokonay and D.M. Chisholm, Shell Canada Ltd. G.K. Drogaris, Commission of the European Communities

SPE 23216 Major Accidents in Oil and Gas Industries SPE 23217 Assessing Safety Performance After the Era of the LTI
M.R. Haines and D.V.S. Kian, Sarawak Shell Berhad

SPE 23218

Accident Analysis: A Tool for Safety Management

J. Azambre, Total M.J. Booth, Shell UKE&P

SPE 23219 The Incident Potential Matrix SPE 23220 Achieving a Four-Fold Reduction in Vehicle Accidents in the Oil Field
M. Pousset, R. de Fleurieu, and J.A. Williams, Schlumberger Technical Services

SPE 23221 A Comprehensive Road Safety Program

S.R. Messier and R. Hart, Shell Canada Ltd.

SPE 23222 SPE 23224 SPE 23228

Implementation of Traffic Safety Standards

H.A. Talib, Saudi Arabian Marketing & Refining Co.

Smokehoods for Offshore Use: Proposed Specification

J.A.S. Ross and J.D. Evans, U. of Aberdeen

Thermal Requirements for Emergency Suits

A. Pasche and B. Holand, SINTEF Unimed

SPE 23229 Promoting Marine Seismic Safety: The Common Goal From Different Perspectives
/. Smethurst and K-L. Wong, Sarawak Shell Berhad, and B. Kolozs and G.D. Wood, Western Geophysical Co.

SPE 23230 The Safe Use of Workboat for In-Sea Equipment Maintenance in Marine Seismic Operations
(ft Boardsen and H. Hansen, Geco-Prakla

303 305 311 315 323 329 335 345

,
r

SPE 23231 Safety in Waterborne Operations in Nigeria: Shell Nigeria Experience

M.I. Asini, Shell Petroleum Development Co. of Nigeria

SPE 23232 Alternative to Firefighting Halons

K.W. Waterfall, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B.V. PR. Pope and G.A. Dalzell, BP Exploration

. V l SPE 23233 Halon Firefighting Agents: A Guide To Minimising Use and Losses SPE 23234 Guidelines for Cleaning/Disinfection in Chamber Systems Used in Operational Saturation Diving
C. Ahlen, SINTEF Unimed; I. Leinan, Regional Hospital of Trondheim; and M. Berg, Stolt-Nielsen Seaway A/S
P.

SPE 23235 Carbon Monoxide Accumulation in Closed, Manned Environments

G. Bolstad, SINTEF Unimed, and K. Jakobsen, NUTEC

SPE 23236 A Diving Safety Management System for Offshore Operators

N.E. Wood, Mobil North Sea Ltd.

~' SPE 23237 Ergonomic Testing of the "Man-Machine" System Underwater

J. Dmochowski and L. Pacholski, Technical U. Poznan

SPE 23238 SPE 23239 SPE 23240 SPE 23241

The UK Offshore Operators Response to Pipe Alpha and Lord Cullen's Report
B.G.S. Taylor, UK Offshore Operators Assn. Ltd.

349 359 369 381 389 393 397 409 415 421 429

Permit To Work Procedures

K.H. Maddox, Shell UK Expro, andJ.D. Butler and D.A. Bonsall, Devonport Management Ltd.

Permit To Work Systems in the Offshore Industry

S.R. Kyle, Marathon Oil UK Ltd.

Assessing and Improving Safety Management Systems

A.WMale, P. Oortman Gerlings, P. Swuste, and P. Heimplaetzer, Delft U. of Technology R.C. Thonger and N.M.J. Cave, Geophysical Safety Resources

SPE 23242 Education and Training in the Seismic Environment ..SPE 23243 Individual Development Programme (IDP)
J. Fischer, H. Madeo, and B. Rochet, Total

SPE 23244 SPE 23245 SPE 23246 SPE 23247 SPE 23248

Effective Safety Training Program Design

D.A. Chilton and G.J. Lombardo, Anadrill/Schlumberger, and R.F. Pater, Fall SAFE Inc.

New Employee Safety Training (NEST): A Company Commitment

R. Wertz, C.R. Greer, and D.H. Knecht, Schlumberger Well Services

Gas Astray: Education and Training To Understand and Deal With Gas Leakages and Gas Fires
B. Velde and O.J. Tveit, Statoil A/S

Safety Management in Operations

J-C.R. Careil, Petroleum Development Oman LLC

Enhancing Safety in Drilling: Implementing TRIPOD in a Desert Drilling Operation

P.T.W. Hudson and W.A. Wagenaar, Leiden U.;J.T. Reason, Manchester U.; J. Groeneweg and R.J.W. van der Meeren, Leiden U.; andJ.P. Visser, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

SPE 23249 SPE 23250

A Computer Monitoring System Improves Rig Safety

D.B. White, M. Weishaupt, and D.J. Kent, Sedco Forex

437 447 457 465 473 487 497 50$ 51' 52;

An Integrated Approach to the Safety of Surface Well Testing on Mobile Offshore Rigs
J-P.A. Oilier, Schlumberger Technical Services; B.R. Imrie, Schlumberger Inland Services; and R.E. Talbott, Schlumberger Technical Services

SPE 23252

Implementation of Corporate Contractor Safety Guideline M.L. Craft, Texaco Inc. SPE 23253 Contractor Safety Performance Improves Significantly
J.M. Simon and P. Piquard, Esso Rep

SPE 23254 SPE 23255 SPE 23256 SPE 23257 SPE 23258 SPE 23259

Contractor Safety on Ekofisk Since 1980: Special Challenges in 1987

T. Lode, Phillips Petroleum Co.

Contractor Safety: Matching Owners and Contractors

M.L. Blanton and E.W. Montgomery, Shell Oil Co.

Selecting and Training Offshore Installation Managers

R.H. Flin and G.M. Slaven, RGIT

The Development and Implementation of Environmental Training for Management and Employees
R.O. Grant and M. Whelan, Shell UK Expro

Field Training: An Efficient Means for Providing Individual HSE Training and Stimulating Employee Motivation
G.E. Mumford and E.H. Hadaway, Sedco Forex

Staff Development in Health, Safety, and Environment: An Approach to Management

P.D. Bentley, C. Clarke, and J.P. Visser, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

SPE 23261 SPE 23262 SPE 23263 SPE 23264 SPE 23266 SPE 23267 SPE 23268 SPE 23269 SPE 23270 SPE 23271 SPE 23272 SPE 23273 SPE 23275 SPE 23276 SPE 23277

A Safer Approach To Controlling the Cementing Operation at the Wellhead

G. Lavaure and C. Galiana, Dowell Schlumberger

527 539

Nonradioactive Densitometer for Continuous Monitoring of Cement Mixing Process

M. Benabdelkarim and C. Galiana, Dowell Schlumberger P.D. Wraight, Schlumberger Well Services; E. Robinson, Schlumberger Surenco C.A.; and R. de Fleurieu, Services Techniques Schlumberger

Opportunities To Reduce Risks Associated With Nuclear Logging Techniques .. 547 Radiation Safety and Environment for Measurement While Drilling: A Different Approach
P.L. Kurkoski, J.M. Holenka, and M.L. Evans, Schlumberger

553 563 571 579 593 599 607 613 619 627 635

Safe Coiled-Tubing Operations

H. V. Thomeer and K.R. Newman, Dowell Schlumberger

An Overview of the OSHA-Proposed Standard for Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals With Emphasis on Its Implementation
R.L. Jackson, Texaco Inc.

Design Option Safety Assessment (DOSA): Method for the Assessment and Selection of Least Hazardous Design Option
D. Jordan, Unocal Thailand Ltd., and B.R. Poblete, Hibernia Management & Development Co.

Life Cycle Design Safety

K. W. Waterfall, J.D. Stockley, and P.D. Bentley, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

Facilities Design Focus for Health, Safety, and Environment: Compliance and Compliance Monitoring
F.S. Amato andL.R. Resweber, Shell Offshore Inc., and M.A. Jones, Shell Oil Co.

Psychological Factors in Safety Performance

D.R. Young, Conoco Inc.

Behavioral Economics and Safety

W. Battmann, Freie U. Berlin, and P. Klumb, Technische U. Berlin

Safety Strategies: Areas of Weakness

R.J. Cane, Shell Todd Oil Services Ltd.

Critical Human and Organizational Factor Considerations for Design and Operation of Petrochemical Plants
N. Meshkati, U. of Southern California

Safety Acceptance Criteria for Oil/Gas Production Systems

T. Aven, Rogaland U.

The New Risk Analysis Regulations From the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate: Their Applicability to the Control of Occupational Accidents in Design
U.A. Kjellefi, Norsk Hydro a.s

643 649 657 667 673 687

SPE 23278

Application of HAZOP Techniques for Maintenance Safety on Offshore Installations

J.R. Raman, A. Gargett, and D.C. Warner, Industrial Risk Management Pty. Ltd. P.J. Comer and F. Clements, Technica Ltd., and G. Van Der Graaf, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

SPE 23279 Assessing the Risk of Riser and Pipeline Failures on Offshore Installations SPE 23284 SPE 23285 SPE 23287 Emergency Management in Oil and Gas Exploration
/. Heidebrink and P. Bockholts, TNO Inst. of Environmental & Energy Technology

The Use of Helicopters in the Evacuation of Offshore Platforms in the North Sea
M. C. Ginn, Britsh Gas pic

Statfjord Field: Risk Analysis

G. Pettersen and M. Nygaard, Statoil A/S S. Kato, Japan Drilling Co., and N.J. Adams, Neal Adams Firefighters Inc.

SPE 2 3 2 8 9

Quantitative A s s e s s m e n t of B l o w o u t D a t a as I t Relates to Pollution Potential . . . 7 0 5

SPE 23290 SPE 23293

Applying QRA to an Extensive Onshore Oil and Gas Operation

D.A. Rashid and G. Henderson, Brunei Shell Petroleum Co. Sdn. Bhd.

715 725 731 735 745 753 763 769 773 781 791 799 807 815 823 833 839 843

Application of TRIPOD To Measure Latent Errors in North Sea Gas Platforms: Validity of Failure State Profiles
P.T.W. Hudson and J. Groeneweg, Leiden U.;J.T. Reason, Manchester U.; W.A. Wagenaar and R.J.W. van der Meeren, Leiden U.; andJ.P. Visser, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B.V.

SPE 23294 SPE 23295

Health, Safety, and Environmental Auditing in the E&P Industry

K. Sexton and K. Visser, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B. V.

The Use of Safety Audits: A UK Sector Operator's Experience

I.M. Waldram, Mobil North Sea Ltd. R.D. Ritchie, Dowell Schlumberger

SPE 23296 Benefits of Joint Audits of Service Company and Operator Personnel SPE 23297 SPE 23299 SPE 23300 Operability and Safety Audit: A Tool for Safety Management
B. Cote and B. Rochet, Total

Retrospective Field Research of Accident and Illness Data on the Dutch Continental Shelf
E.P. Harderwijk, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines

Personal, Place, and Time Characteristics of Offshore Accidents in Five Oil Companies Operating in Indonesia
Rahardjo, Pertamina; Sudjoko, Unocal Indonesia Ltd.; and Sebayang, Total Indonesie

SPE 23303 The Assessment of Design Fire Cases on Offshore Installations Using Process Analysis Methods
G.A. Dalzell, BP Exploration; G.S. Melville, Burgoyne Consultants Ltd.; and R. Valand 'and M. W. Forrest, Altra Consultants Ltd.

SPE 23304 The Modeling of Gas Explosions and the Response of Topside Structures
E.A. Scheier, Mobil R&D Corp.; H.S. Salter, Mobil North Sea Ltd.; andJ.B. Valdivieso and B.J. Wood, Mobil R&D Corp.

SPE 23305

Goal Setting Design for Fire and Gas Detection Systems

R.J. C. Bom, BP Exploration KW. Waterfall, Shell Intl. Petroleum Mij. B.V.

SPE 23306 FIRE-PRAN: A Technique for Fire Protection Analysis SPE 23307 Enhanced Detection of Hazardous Gas Releases Using Open-Path Infra-Red Sensors
S.M. Skippon and I.R. Roberts, Shell Research Ltd. R. W.H. Browne, Shell Aircraft Ltd.

SPE 23308 Worldwide Auditing of Aircraft Charter Operators SPE 23309 Charter and Corporate Aviation Safety
R. Ashford, UK Civil Aviation Authority T. Ulleberg, O. Ingstad, R. Rosness, and T. Sten, SINTEF

SPE 23310 Helicopter Safety Study SPE 23311 Safety Requirements and Standards in Relation to Transport of Crude Oil, Products, and Gas
A. Lerstad and M. Sangvig, Statoil A/S

SPE Paper Evaluation Form