Vehicle Test Plan Apollo Mission A-004 Spacecraft 002

Copy No.
47 VEH ICLE TEST PLAN APOLLO MI S S ION A-004 SPACECRAFT 002 (U) 29 January 1965
NAS9-150
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L l B R A R Y USE O N L Y
Vehicle Test P l a n Apollo Mission A-004 Spacecraft 0 0 2

AUTHOR ( 5 )
CODE
ORIGINATING AGENCY AND OTHER SOURCES
DOCUMENT NUMBER
Development Analysis dept
SID 64-2174
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29 J a n u a r y 1965
NAS9-150
Contractually required vehicle t e s t plan
This document defines the engineering test requirements and t z s t plans for Apollo Power -On Tumbling Boundary Abort Mission A-004. It will be the basic document for NASA preparation of the mission directive for t h i s test.
FORM 1st-V REV 1 1 - 6 4 PUBLICATIONS USE ONLY
SPACE and INlWRMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
FOREWORD
This document d e s c r i b e s the requirements and plans for the preparation and conduction of the Apollo power-on tumbling boundary planned abort m i s s i o n with Spacecraft 002. The mission is scheduled to be performed at the White Sands Missile Range a s the sixth and final t e s t i n a s e r i e s of flight t e s t s of the Apollo vehicle launch e scape configuration. The vehicle configuration a t launch will consist of a spacecraft launch escape subsystem with canards and boost protective cover, spacecraft command and service modules, a special adapter for service module to booster transition, and a Little Joe I1 boost vehicle. Major contributions to this document w e r e furnished by System. Dynamics, Development Analysis, Structures and Materials Development Analysis, Systems Integration, and Apollo T e s t and Operations. Comment concerning this document should be directed to the Test Requirements Section of Apollo Development Analysis Engineering, N U , Downey , extension 3622 o r 3623.
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SPACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
CONTENTS
Section 1.0 INT RODUC TION 1. 1 Purpose 1 . 2 Precedence of Documents 1. 3 Definitions
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FLIGHT TEST OBJECTIVES 2. 1 Mission Summary 2. 2 T e s t Objectives
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TEST OBJECTIVE EVALUATION CRlTERIA 3. 1 F i r s t - O r d e r T e s t Objective C r i t e r i a 3. 2 Second-Order Test Objective C r i t e r i a 3. 3 Third-Order Test Objective C r i t e r i a TEST VEHICLE CONFIGURATION 4. 1 Vehicle Subsystem P r i o r i t i e s 4. 2 Vehicle Description Summary 4. 3 M a s s P r o p e r t i e s Data
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FLIGHT CONSTRAINTS
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MISSION RULES SUMMARY SCHEDULE
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VEHICLE CHECKOUT PLAN 8. 1 Vehicle Preparation (%ID, Downey) 8.2 Checkout Operation Plans (Downey) 8. 3 Vehicle P r e p a r a t i o n (WSMR) 8.4 Field Operation Plans (WSMR)
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FLIGHT TRAJECTORY REQUIREMENTS 9.1 T r a j e c t o r y Design Ground Rules 9 . 2 Abort Envelope 9. 3 Contingencies , 9 . 4 Ground Real-Time Display 9.5 Range Coverage Plots
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Section 10.0 FLIGHT 10. 1 10. 2 10.3 10.4 PLANS Mission Description Mission T r a j e c t o r i e s Sequence of Events Operational Time Lines
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POSTFLIGHT OPERATIONS 11.1 Recovery Personnel and Equipment Requirements 11. 2 Examination and Recovery P r o c e d u r e
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APOLLO DATA REQUIREMENTS 12.1' Onboard Data 1 2 . 2 External Data 12. 3 Data Acquisition
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TEST REPORTS 13.1 MSC Reports 13. 2 NAA-AT0 Field Reports 13. 3 NAA Engineering Reports RANGE AND PAD SAFETY 14. 1 Range Safety 14.2 P a d Safety
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GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT 15. 1 GSE Requirements 15.2 GSE Locations 15. 3 Field Site Support Requirements
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16.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 16. 1 Structural Design C r i t e r i a 16. 2 Environmental Requirements 16. 3 Handling and Transportation Requirements 16. 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements
17. 0
REFERENCES
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A. B.
APPENDIXES DEFINITIONS MISSION RULES C. WSMR APOLLO FLIGHT PROGRAM
A-1 B-1 c-1
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ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure 3-1 3-2 3-3 3 -4 3 -5 3-6 3 -7 3 -8 3 -9 3-10 4-1 4-2 4-3 4 -4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8 7 -1 8-1 8 -2 8-3 8 -4 8-5 8-6 9 -1 9 -2 CM Internal Measurement Locations Launch Escape Subsystem Measurement Locations CM Outer Heat Shield Strain Gage Locations CM Inner Structure- F o r w a r d Sidewall Longeron 4 Strain Gage Locations Strain Gage Locations on Longerons 2 and 8 . Strain Gage Locations on Right -Hand Beams of Main Hatch SM Accelerometer and Fluctuating P r e s s u r e Measurement Locations . I . SM Temperature and Strain Gage Locations Sidewall and Forward Heat Shield P r e s s u r e , Temperature, and Heat Flux Measurement Locations Aft Heat Shield Base P r e s s u r e Measure Locations Spacecraft 002 Stack Configuration , Launch Escape Vehicle Configuration Launch Escape Subsystem Components Typical Thrust-Time Curve of P i t c h Control Motor Typical Thrust-Time Curve of Tower Jettison Motor Typical Thrust-Time Curve of Launch Escape Motor Mission Sequencer Subsystem E l e c t r i c a l Power Distribution , Activity Schedule Downey Operations Schedule Prelaunch Operational Flow, Downey , WSMR Operations Schedule Prelaunch Operational Flow, WSMR Precountdown Task Sequence Countdown Task Sequence . Saturn Boost P r e l i m i n a r y T r a j e c t o r y Envelope Power -ON Tumbling Boundary Abort P r e l i m i n a r y Envelope Typical Algol Thrust Versus Time ( P r e l i m i n a r y ) . Launch Complex 36, WSMR Launch Site, WSMR P r e l i m i n a r y Mission Profile L E V Nominal Boost T r a j e c t o r y P a r a m e t e r s (Preliminary)
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10-3 10-4 10-5 12-1 12 -2 15-1 15-2 c-1 LEV Nominal Abort T r a j e c t o r y P a r a m e t e r s (Preliminary) . LEV Nominal Recovery T r a j e c t o r y Parameters (Preliminary) Operational P r e l i m i n a r y Time Lines Onboard Instrumentation Network Onboard C a m e r a Location GSE Requirements at Downey GSE Requirements at WSMR WSMR Apollo Flight P r o g r a m Vehicle Delta Configuration WSMR Apollo Flight P r o g r a m Mission A-004 Summary.
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TABLES
Table 4- 1 5-1 8-1 10-1 12-1 12-2 15-1 B-1 B -2 B-3 c-1 Weight, Gravity, and Inertia Summary Flight Constraints Operational T e s t P r o c e d u r e s Nominal Sequence of Mission Events ( P r e l i m i n a r y ) On-Board Instrumentation Summary ( P r e l i m i n a r y ) Sequential and Theodolite Tracking Required GSE Units SC 002 and LJ I1 Operational Readiness Operational Readiness of On-Board Instrumentation Operational Readiness of Photographic Tracking WSMR Apollo Flight P r o g r a m Mission Objectives
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SPACE and INFVRMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
1 . 0 INTRODUCTION
1 . 1 PURPOSE
The "Vehicle T e s t Plan, Apollo Mission A-004" p r e s e n t s the engineering t e s t requirements and objectives, the plans f o r vehicle checkout p r i o r to the flight, the t a s k s to be accomplished during the mission, and data requirements and reporting proce-dures. This information will be used by NASA to p r e p a r e the mission directive.
1 . 2 PRECEDENCE O F DOCUMENTS
This t e s t plan takes precedence over all other contractor r e p o r t s and documents concerned with Spacecraft 002 testing; and, i n tbrn, i t i s s u p e r seded by the NASA P r o j e c t Apollo flight mission directive for Mission A-004.
1 . 3 DEFINITIONS
T e r m s used i n this document a r e defined i n Appendix A.
1-1 SID 64-2174
2.0
FLIGHT TEST OBJECTIVES
2.1
MISSION SUMMARY
Apollo Mission A-004 will be a planned a b o r t m i s s i o n i n the power-on tumbling boundary region. This region is defined by a b o r t initiation conditions in which the combined aerodynamic and launch escape motor exhaust p r e s s u r e s of tumbling a b o r t imposed on the command module s u r f a c e affect a p r e s s u r e differential a c r o s s the command module outer s t r u c t u r e (outer s u r f a c e to cavity between inner and outer s t r u c t u r e s ) that approaches the design limit range of 9.0 to 11.1 psi. The mission is assigned for performance with Spacecraft 002 at WSMR; Spacecraft 010 i s the backup vehicle for the mission. The launch escape vehicle will be 1 launched by a Little Joe 1 booster to approximately 7 5 , 000 feet, at which point the a b o r t will be initiated. A pitch-up will be performed by the booster j u s t before abort initiation to e n s u r e escape vehicle tumbling during the abort. An apogee of approximately 120,000 feet will be reached. Tumbling will continue up through the apogee and down through the upper region of descent until orientation and stabilization a r e accomplished by the canards. Deceleration for vehicle touchdown and recovery 42 m i l e s from the point of launch will be accomplished by the e a r t h landing subsystem.
2.2
TEST OBJECTIVES
The t e s t objectives contained in this section constitute the achievements to be realized through performance of Mission A-004. The t e s t objectives f o r all missions of the Apollo a b o r t flight program at WSMR (abort through launch escape subsystem performance) a r e presented on F i g u r e C-1 of Appendix C. F i r s t - o r d e r t e s t objectives a r e as follows: 1. Demonstrate satisfactory launch escape vehicle (LEV) performance f o r a n a b o r t in the power-on tumbling boundary region Demonstrate the s t r u c t u r a l integrity of the LEV a i r f r a m e s t r u c t u r e for an a b o r t in the power-on tumbling boundary region
2.
Second-order t e s t objectives a r e as follows:
1.
Demonstrate the capability of the canard subsystem to satisfactorily r e o r i e n t and stabilize the L E V heat shield forward a f t e r a power-on tumbling a b o r t
2-1
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORMATION SYSTEhlS DIVISION
2.
Demonstrate the s t r u c t u r a l capability of the production boost protective cover (BPC) t o withstand the launch environment Determine the static loads on the command module during the launch and the abort sequence Determine the dynamic loading of the command module inner structure Determine the dynamic loads and the s t r u c t u r a l response of the service module during launch Demonstrate the capability of the command module forward heat shield t h r u s t e r s t o s e p a r a t e the f o r w a r d heat shield satisfactorily after the tower h a s been jettisoned by the tower jettison motor Determine the static p r e s s u r e s imposed on the command module by f r e e - s t r e a m conditions and launch escape subsystem (LES) motor plumes during a power-on tumbling abort
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T h i r d - o r d e r t e s t objectives a r e as follows:
1.
Demonstrate satisfactory separation of the launch escape vehicle f r o m the service module Demonstrate the satisfactory operation and performance of the e a r t h landing subsystem (ELS) with a spacecraft vehicle Obtain data on the s t r u c t u r a l response of the conimand module during e a r t h landing subsystem sequence Obtain t h e r m a l data on the boost protective cover during a poweron tumbling abort Obtain acoustical noise data inside the command module at a n astronaut station
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3.0
TEST OBJECTIVE EVALUATION CRITERIA
This section r e s t a t e s verbatim the t e s t objectives of Section 2.0, d e s c r i b e s the i s s u e s associated with each objective, and specifies the data procurement instrumentation and other documentation media for recording the accomplishment of objectives. Diagrams of t e s t vehicle instrumentation points a r e included in this section to afford g r e a t e r comprehension of instrumentation locations. These diagrams, F i g u r e s 3-1 through 3-10, a r e copies of illustrations in SID 63-502, Apollo Measurement Requirements, Spacecraft 002. 3.1 FIRST-ORDER TEST OBJECTIVE CRITERIA 1. Objective: Demonstrate satisfactory launch escape vehicle (LEV) performance f o r an a b o r t in the power -on tumbling boundary region.
C r i t e r i a : Upon command to abort, the launch escape subsystem (LES) will be required to propel the spacecraft configuration launch escape vehicle on an escape c o u r s e to a safe distance beyond the s e r v i c e module - Little J o e I1 booster stack for descent and eventual recovery. Since L E V tumbling is expected to commence at a b o r t initiation because of instability c r e a t e d by a change in LEV angle-of-attack (Little J o e II pitchup), by a shift i n the c e n t e r of aerodynamic p r e s s u r e on the LEV by e s c a p e motor exhaust plume envelopment, and by short-duration t h r u s t of the pitch control motor, the escape motor will propel the LEV from the booster in a curving trajectory. If the r a t e of tumbling i s rapid o r if motor combustion duration is appreciable, p a r t of escape motor t h r u s t might be expended in driving the LEV back toward the Little J o e I1 booster. However, preliminary analysis indicates that the maximum tumbling r a t e expected of the first tumble should be no g r e a t e r than 90 d e g r e e s in t h r e e seconds. Since effective combustion of the launch escape motor will be expended in l e s s than four seconds, as indicated on F i g u r e 4-6, it is concluded that the L E V will be driven only on a c o u r s e divergent f r o m the booster. The o r d e r of distance between the LEV and the booster required to constitute satisfactory a b o r t performance of the LEV and the o r d e r of t i m e duration required to achieve the n e c e s s a r y separation a r e undefined. P r e l i m i n a r y analysis a l s o indicates that the gravity f o r c e s induced during power -on tumbling should be well within astronaut limitations.
3-1
SID 64-21 74
Attitude gyro, r a t e gyro, a c c e l e r o m e t e r , and escape motor chamber p r e s s u r e instrumentation data plus ground stationed cine c a m e r a and cine theodolite recordings will be obtained to define the LEV trajectory. The superimposition of the LEV t r a j e c t o r y on the Saturn t r a j e c t o r y will be analyzed f o r successful performance accomplishment. Data of the s a m e p a r a m e t e r s and c a m e r a and theodolite recordings minus that of motor chamber p r e s s u r e will be used for analysis of gravity f o r c e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s and comparison with astronaut limitations. Locations of LEV a c c e l e r o m e t e r s e n s o r s a r e indicated on F i g u r e s 3-1 and 3-2. 2. Objective: Demonstrate the s t r u c t u r a l integrity of the LEV a i r f r a m e s t r u c t u r e f o r an a b o r t in the power-on tumbling boundary region.
C r i t e r i a : The LEV is expected to encounter s e v e r e aerodynamic, i n e r t i a l , and escape motor exhaust blast f o r c e s during power -on tumbling. The exhaust blast f o r c e s on the conical s u r f a c e of the command module can be especially g r e a t , since tumbling will tend to d r i v e one side of the conical s u r f a c e into the plume pattern i n a n o r m a l o r n e a r n o r m a l direction. The exhaust cone will be augmented by f r e e s t r e a m p r e s s u r e e x t e r n a l of the cone against the direction of tumble. The ability of the vehicle s t r u c t u r e to r e m a i n intact in the tumbling environment will be analyzed f r o m photographic recordings of the on-board c a m e r a shown i n F i g u r e 12-2 and of ground stationed c a m e r a s . 3.2 SECOND-ORDER TEST OBJECTIVE CRITERIA 1. Objective: Demonstrate the capability of the canard subsystem to satisfactorily r e o r i e n t and stabilize the LEV hedt shield forward a f t e r a power-on tumbling abort.
C r i t e r i a : The c a n a r d s will be deployed 11 seconds a f t e r a b o r t initiation following escape motor burnout. However, end-over -end LEV tumbling is expected to continue during coastup through the apogee and on down i n the descent until the c a n a r d s become sufficiently aerodynamically effective to a r r e s t tumbling and o r i e n t the LEV with the aft heat shield toward earth. This is expected to occur in the altitude range f r o m 90, 000 t o 75, 000 feet. The LEV will then probably oscillate about its t r i m angleof -attack in n e a r 180-degree sweeps and diminish gradually with decreasing altitude until satisfactory stabilization is achieved f r o m 50, 000 to 25, 000 f e e t altitude. Stabilization and proper orientation a r e n e c e s s a r y to enable p r o p e r deployment of the e a r t h landing subsystem (ELS) parachutes. T h e c a n a r d s a r e mechanized for deployment at 11 seconds after initiation of any type of a b o r t i n which the LES is employed. This value was selected to accommodate the t i m e - c r i t i c a l pad abort sequence. 3 -2 SID 64-2174
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Launch E s c a p e Suibsystem M e a s u r e m e n t Locations 3-4
SID 64-2174
SIACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
Canard performance will be analyzed f r o m attitude gyro, r a t e gyro, and a c c e l e r o m e t e r instrumentation data plus ground stationed c a m e r a recordings. 2. Objective: Demonstrate the s t r u c t u r a l capability of the production boost protective cover (BPC) t o withstand the launch environment.
Criteria: The design purpose of the BPC i s to shield the command module conical surface f r o m aerodynamic heating during the launch phase. Although the launch of this mission will constitute only p a r t of the n o r m a l m i s s i o n launch phase, this will be the f i r s t t i m e that a spacecraft configuration BPC will be exposed to actual launch environment. It will be n e c e s s a r y to demonstrate that throughout this launch the spacecraft configuration BPC remained intact with no penetrations and remained in position on the command module. P e r f o r m a n c e of the BPC will be analyzed f r o m on-board tower -installed and ground-stationed c a m e r a recordings.
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3.
Objective: Determine the static loads on the command module during the launch and the abort sequence.
C r i t e r i a : Static loads a r e structural-type loads of v e r y low frequency variation. The command module is expected to encounter s e v e r e a e r o dynamic, inertial, and escape motor exhaust blast forces during power-on tumbling resulting in high static loading of command module s t r u c t u r a l m e m b e r s . Since t h i s will be the f i r s t spacecraft configuration command module to be launched in flight, the load information obtained will be a basis of subsequent command module design. Command module static loads during launch and abort will be determined f r o m s t r a i n instrumentation data. The s t r a i n instrumentation locations a r e indicated on Figures 3 -3 through 3 -6.
4 .
Objective: Determine the dynamic loading of the command module inner structure.
Criteria: The command module will be subjected to aerodynamic noise, acoustic noise, and mechanically transmitted vibration throughout the flight, each contributing to the overall dynamic load on the structure. Aerodynamic noise is expected to be of g r e a t e s t intensity through the transonic region of the launch phase. Acoustic noise probably will be highest during LES motor burning. Dynamic loading and response charac t e r i s t i c s of the spacecraft configuration command module s t r u c t u r e will be determined f o r the f i r s t time f r o m vibration, accelerometer, and s t r a i n instrumentation on inner s t r u c t u r a l m e m b e r s . Some of the instrumented points a r e indicated on F i g u r e s 3-1 and 3-4 through 3-6.
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S t r a i n Gage L o c a t i o n s on Right-Hand B e a m of Main Hatch
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5.
Objective: Determine the dynamic loads and the s t r u c t u r a l response of the service module during launch.
C r i t e r i a : Aerodynamic noise and mechanical vibration will be encountered by the s e r v i c e module during launch. The highest levels of aerodynamic noise will probably be encountered through the transonic region. The RCS engine quads, by their protuberant installations, will likely induce concentrations of aerodynamic noise and vibration on localized surface a r e a s of the s e r v i c e module which will affect the overall dynamic load. Dynamic loading and response c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of the spacecraft configuration s e r v i c e module s t r u c t u r e will be determined for the f i r s t time from vibration a c c e l e r o m e t e r and s t r a i n instrumentation on the s e r v i c e module. Some of the instrumentation points a r e indicated on F i g u r e s 3-7 and 3 - 8 .
6.
Objective: Demonstrate the capability of the command module forward heat shield t h r u s t e r s to separate the forward heat shield satisfactorily a f t e r the tower has been jettisoned by the tower jettison motor.
Criteria: The m i s s i o n sequencer subsystem i s mechanized to t r a n s m i t the t h r u s t e r firing signal 0.4 seconds after t r a n s m i s s i o n of the LES jettison motor firing signal. This delay of forward compartment exposure i s intended to protect the e a r t h landing equipment f r o m the boost protective cover a s it sweeps and brushes by the forward compartment upon extraction by the tower during LES jettison. F o r w a r d heat shield ejection by the t h r u s t e r s is required immediately after LES jettison in o r d e r to allow ample t i m e f o r command module deceleration by parachute s e r i e s deployment. Demonstration of satisfactory heat shield ejection will be documented by ground photographic cover age.
7.
Objective: Determine the static p r e s s u r e s imposed on the command module by f r e e - s t r e a m conditions and LES motor plumes during a power-on tumbling abort.
C r i t e r i a : Power-on tumbling in the tumbling boundary region will drive one side of the command module conical surface into the launch e s c a p e motor exhaust blast in a n o r m a l o r n e a r n o r m a l impingement, resulting in high p r e s s u r e impact on the surface facing the direction of tumble. Analysis indicates that these surface p r e s s u r e s might be sufficient t o c r e a t e a p r e s s u r e differential between this surface and the space cavity between inner s t r u c t u r e and outer shell (vented to f r e e s t r e a m p r e s s u r e ) that approaches the design limit range of approximately 9 to 11 psi.
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SPACE nnd INFORMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
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. .
SID 64-2174
P r e s s u r e values on the command module outer surface will be obtained f r o m p r e s s u r e instrumentation points indicated on F i g u r e s 3-9 and 3-10. P r e s s u r e in the space cavity between inner and outer s t r u c t u r e s will be derived f r o m reference static p r e s s u r e instrumentation. 3.3 THIRD-ORDER TEST OBJECTIVE CRITERIA 1. Objective: Demonstrate satisfactory separation of the launch escape vehicle f r o m the s e r v i c e module.
C r i t e r i a : Spacecraft 002 will be the f i r s t Apollo flight vehicle to be equipped with the command and s e r v i c e module e l e c t r i c a l umbilical and plumbing h a r d lines. Therefore, this will be the f i r s t flight on which the umbilical and h a r d lines m u s t be properly cut in o r d e r to achieve s a t i s factory command module separation f r o m the s e r v i c e module. Demonstration of this event will be documented f o r analysis by ground-stationed f cameras.
2.
Objective: Demonstrate the satisfactory operation and performance of the e a r t h landing subsystem (ELS) with a spacecraft vehicle.
C r i t e r i a : The spacecraft 002 command module will be the first n e a r control-weight command module to be decelerated and returned to e a r t h f r o m actual flight by the ELS. The maximum descent design r a t e velocity of 33 feet p e r second at 5000-foot elevation (4200-foot WSMR elevation) is required to be achieved by two main parachutes functioning properly. The descent r a t e i s expected to be approximately 26 feet per second with t h r e e main parachutes in p r o p e r function, ELS performance with the n e a r control-weight command module will be analyzed f r o m attitude gyro, r a t e gyro, and a c c e l e r o m e t e r data plus ground-stationed c a m e r a recordings. 3. Objective: Obtain data on the s t r u c t u r a l response of the command module during e a r t h landing subsystem sequence.
C r i t e r i a : P a r a c h u t e deployment shock suspension loads a r e expected t o be localized around the forward hatch a r e a of the command module inner structure. Side loads also might be induced if parachute initial line s t r e t c h o c c u r s while the command module i s in a n oscillating swing angle f r o m the direction of descent. Structural response data on a spacecraft command module in actual flight will be obtained for the f i r s t time from vibration, a c c e l e r o m ete r , and st r a i n inst r u m entation.
4.
Objective: Obtain t h e r m a l data on the boost protective cover during a power-on tumbling abort.
3-15
SID 64-2174
NOTE
1 e CA---P NUMBERS REFER TO MEASUREMENTS IN THE REQUIREMENT LIST. 2. VIEW IS LOOKING FORWARD.
F i g u r e 3-10. Aft Heat a i e l d B a s e P r e s s u r e M e a s u r e m e n t Locations
3-19
SID 64-2174
Criteria: This will be the fir s t spacecraft configuration boost protective cover to be installed on the command module for actual flight. T h e r m a l data of the cover will be analyzed for effectiveness of heat shielding qualities. These data w i l l be obtained f r o m t e m p e r a t u r e and heat flux instrumentation installed on the conical surface of the command module. Locations of the instrumented points a r e indicated on Figure 3-9.
5.
Objective: Obtain acoustical noise data inside the command module a t a n astronaut station.
Criteria: Sound attenuation properties a c r o s s the spacecraft configuration command module s t r u c t u r e in flight will be investigated with data obtained f r o m acoustical instrumentation inside the command module on the center couch platform. The command module decibel allowance in the speech interference level (300 to 4800 cycles per second) with all equipment operating i n normal flight i s 55 decibels.
I
3 -20 SID 64-2174
4.0
TEST VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
4 . 1 VEHICLE SUBSYSTEM PRIORITIES T e s t Vehicle Subsystems Launch escape subsystem

Q -ball
Configuration
Pr-Jrity
Pitch control motor LES jettison motor Launch escape motor Canard Tower Boost protective cover E a r t h landing subsystem Drogue parachutes Pilot parachute s Main parachutes Primary structures Command module Service module Adapter Retention and separation subsystem CM-SM separation CM-tower separation C M- f orwar d heat shield separation Sequencer subsy st e m Mission sequencer Tower sequencer ELS sequencer
Complete Complete Complete Complete Co mple t e Complete Complete
Primary Primary Primary Primary Primary ' Primary Primary
Co mp let e Complete Compl et e
Primary Primary Primary
Go mple t e Complete Simulated
Complete Co mp 1et e Complete
Primary Primary Prima r y
Interim Interim Complete
4-1 SID 64- 21 74
T e s t Vehicle Subsystems E l e c t r i c a l power subsystem Batteries and power distribution Communication and instrumentation subsystem T e l e m e t r y and antenna Onboard r e c o r d e r End instrumentation and signal conditioners C-band transponder and antenna Camera Launch vehicle s u b s y s t e m s Propulsion Stabilization and contr ol Abort time r
Configuration
Priority
Interim
Primary
Interim Interim Interim Interim Interim
Primary Primary P r i m a r y and s ec ondar y Primary Primary
Interim Interim
See Appendix A for definitions of terminology. 4 . 2 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION SUMMARY Detailed information on the Spacecraft 0 0 2 configuration i s defined i n drawings and p r o c e s s specifications of the "Spacecraft 002 Contractual EndI t e m Specification" (SID 63-699). Figure 4-1 is a d i a g r a m 6 f Spacecraft 002 i n the stack configuration. The p r i m a r y s t r u c t u r e s of Spacecraft 002 will be the launch escape subsystem, the spacecraft configuration command module, and the spacecraft configuration service module. Equipment for vehicle escape from the booster and for escape subsystem jettison f r o m the command module will be contained i n the launch escape subsystem. The command module will house the sequencer subsystem, retention and separation subsystem, e a r t h landing subsystem, e l e c t r i c a l power subsystem, and communication and i n s t r u mentation subsystem. The s e r v i c e module will be equipped with simulated reaction control subsystem quads, a blast shield, and a n adapter mating ring facilitating service module installation with the Little Joe 1 booster. 1 The following a r e the model and general assembly drawings applicable to the Spacecraft 002 vehicle.
4-2
SID 64-2174
PITCH CONTROL MOTOR TOWER JETTISON MOTOR
LAUNCH ESCAPE MOTOR

10:
LAUNCH ESCAPE SYSTEM TOWER COMMAND MODULE
AND EXTENSION
SIMULATED RCS
BOOSTER AND INSTRUMENT PACKAGE
FINS SHOWN ROTATED 45 DEGREES FROM TRUE CONFIGURATION TO CLARIFY STACK
t-w*om fN'pi
4-3
SID 64-2174
F i g u r e 4-1.
Spacecraft 002 Stack Configuration
End Item Spacecraft stack Launch escape s u b s y s t e m Command module Service module E a r t h landing subsystem 4.2.1
Model S e r i a l No. V14-3- 002 V15-3-9 V16-3-2
General Assembly Drawing No.
V 14-000002- 121 V 15- 000002- 121

Vlh-000002-121 V17-000002-701
V 1 7 - 3 - 11
V16-3-2
V16-576003
Launch Escape Subsystem
The launch escape subsystem f o r Spacecraft 0 0 2 will be a structural tower secured onto and over the apex of the command module and sypporting a tubular casing enclosing the following components: Q ball ins t r ume ntation package Pitch control motor Jettison motor Escape motor Canard airfoils Ballast This configuration i s shown on Figure 4-2. The boost protective cover f o r the command module i s a l s o considered a p a r t of the launch escape subsystem. All components listed, including the tower, have ,been designated p r i m a r y units of the subsystem. A d i a g r a m of LES components and subsystem orientation with the reference axis subsystem is presented on Figure 4-3. 4.2. 1 . 1 Q-ball Assembly The Q-ball a s s e m b l y constitutes the outermost tip of the launch escape subsystem which is most r e m o t e f r o m the command module. It consists of t r a n s d u c e r s and associated attachments and wiring to sense air p r e s s u r e and airflow direction through p o r t s i n the Q-ball surface. Angle of attack, angle of sideslip, and dynamic p r e s s u r e will be derived f r o m the measurements, 4.2.1.2 Pitch Control Motor
Situated below the Q-ball is the solid-propellant pitch control motor to furnish a momentary t h r u s t n o r m a l to the longitudinal axis of the launch e s c a p e subsystem t o facilitate down-range escape during abort. However, 4 -4
SID 64-2174
xc = 495.'7 xc = 490 .o
-?
PITCH CONTROL MOTOR-
-r
c
-TOWER
E
JETTISON MOTOR
i
I
4 DEG NOMINAL
-RESULTANT THRUST VECTOR,

TOWER JET~ISON MOTOR
-LAUNCH
ESCAPE MOTOR
+26
IN. DIAMETER (TYPICAL)
X c = 203.5
LAUNCH ESCAPE
2 DEG 45 MIN NOMINAL
RESULTANT THRUST VECTOR, LAUNCH ESCAPE MOTOR BOOST PROTECTIVE COVER (HARD COVER)
BOOST PROTECTIVE
(SOFT COVER)
+Z
4-5
+Y
-'
F i g u r e 4-2.
Launch Escape Vehicle Configuration
SID 64-2 174
4- 6
SID 64-2174

.-
i t s t h r u s t has inconsequential effect in a power -on tumbling boundary abort. The pitch control motor is ignited with ignition of the launch escape motor at abort initiation. The pitch motor design t h r u s t - t i m e curve i s contained on Figure 4-4. 4.2. 1.3 Jettison Motor The tower jettison solid-propellant motor propels the entire launch escape subsystem plus the boost protective cover away f r o m the command module preparatory to parachute deployment for recovery. Thrust through two canted exhaust nozzles powers the launch escape subsystem on a curving trajectory. The motor design thrust-time curve i s contained on Figure 4-5. 4.2. 1.4 Escape Motor The launch escape solid-propellant motor generates thrust through four canted exhaust nozzles to propel the launch escape vehicde on an escape course away from the booster. The motor design thrust-time curve i s contained on Figure 4-6. 4.2.1.5 Canards
The canards constitute a p a r t of the launch escape subsystem and consist of two deployable surfaces and an actuating and locking mechanism located in the LES j u s t below the Q-ball. The canard surfaces in the stowed position f o r m a portion of the LES upper cylindrical casing. They act as airfoils upon deployment a t 11 seconds after abort initiation to subsequently orient and stabilize the launch escape vehicle aft heat shield toward e a r t h for recovery. 4.2.1.6 E s c a p e Tower
The launch escape tower is an open f r a m e s t r u c t u r e of welded titanium tubing in the f o r m of a truncated rectangular pyramid. It is the intermediate s t r u c t u r e between the command module and the escape subsystem rocket motors. An ablative Thermolag m a t e r i a l is applied onto the tower to minimize aerodynamic heating during boost and to minimize rocket exhaust heating during abort. A s t r u c t u r a l s k i r t facilitates launch escape motor attachment to the upper base of the tower. The attachments a r e adjustable for t h r u s t alignment. The tower base is secured to the command module a t four points by quick r e l e a s e dual-mode exploding bolt mechanisms. 4.2.1
7 Boost Protective Cover
The boost protective cover encloses the entire conical surface of the command module to protect it f r o m aerodynamic heating during high/Mach 4-7
SID 64-2174
3000
PROPELLANT GRAIN T M E A U E 70 E PRTR
2500
2000
1500
PI:
I
I -
1000
500
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.5
TIME (SEC)
Figure 4-4. Typical Thrust-Time Curve of Pitch Control Motor
4-8
SID 64-2174
SPACE and 1NM)RMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
8
(e1 0001) l S r l l H l
4-9
SID 64-2174
SPACE and IhWRMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
200
180
P O E L N GRAIN T M E A U E 70F R PLA T E PRTR AND VACUUM CONDITIONS
160
140
120
- \
-
0 0
too
!z
I -
2 I
80
60
40
20
I
0
1
I
2
10
TIME (SEC)
Figure 4-6. Typical Thrust-Time Curve of Launch Escape Motor 4-10
SID 64-2174
number-high dynamic p r e s s u r e launch. The soft portion of the cover is fabricated in seven sections. The forward p a r t of the cover i s of h a r d honeycomb fiberglass with an outer ablator while the aft portion is of Teflon-impregnated soft fiberglass cloth with a n ablative surface of cork. The cover will be pulled off the command module by the tower during launch escape subsystem jettison. 4.2.2 E a r t h Landing Subsystem
The e a r t h landing subsystem c o m p r i s e s the drogue parachute subsystem, the pilot parachute subsystem, and the main parachute subsystem, 4.2.2.1 Drogue P a r a c h u t e Subsystem
Two 13. 7-foot diameter fist ribbon nylon parachutes and two deployment m o r t a r s constitute m a j o r parts of this subsystem. Mortar firing deployment of both drogue chutes occurs two seconds after LES jettison; Both chutes will be in the 40-percent reefed configuration t o minimize opening shock until disreefing o c c u r s eight seconds after line stretch. Both drogues will be released f r o m the command module a s the vehicle descends through 11,000 feet attitude. 4.2.2.2 Pilot P a r a c h u t e Subsystem
T h r e e 7 . 2 -foot diameter ring slot parachutes and t h r e e deployment m o r t a r s constitute the major p a r t s of this subsystem. Mortar firing deployment of all t h r e e pilot chutes occurs with the 11, 000-foot altitude parallel signal that r e l e a s e s the two drogue chutes. Each pilot chute pulls one main parachute bag overboard to full extension, of the main chute r i s e r s before main chute deployment. The pilot chutes r e m a i n attached to the m a i n chutes. 4.2.2.3 Main P a r a c h u t e Subsystem
T h r e e 83. 5 -foot diameter open-ring ringsail parachutes constitute this subsystem. Each main chute is deployed in the nine percent reefed configuration to minimize opening shock. Disreefing occurs eight seconds after line stretch. 4.2.3 P r i m a r y Structures
The command module, the service module, and the s e r v i c e module Little J o e I1 adapter f o r interface with the Little Joe 11 booster c o m p r i s e the p r i m a r y s t r u c t u r e of Spacecraft 002.
4-1 1 SID 64-2 174
4.2.3.1
Command Module Structure
The command module i s constructed of a constant -depth, brazedhoneycomb, s t e e l outer shell and a bonded-aluminum honeycomb inner s t r u c t u r e , The outer shell contains a l a y e r of cork coating for c r e w compartment t h e r m a l protection. The c o r k simulates the spacecraft ablative material. The outer shell i s divided into t h r e e major sections: the forward compartment heat shield, the c r e w compartment heat shield, and the aft compartment heat shield. The forward heat shield is a complete conical unit secured t o the inner s t r u c t u r e a t four points. The c r e w compartment heat shield contains numerous cutouts f o r a c c e s s panels, windows, and the c r e w hatch. The aft heat shield is a continuous unit s e c u r e d to the inner s t r u c t u r e by tension bolts. The booster t h r u s t i s t r a n s m i t t e d d i r e c t l y through this heat shield to the inner. structure. The inner s t r u c t u r e is the load-bearing a r t i c l e of the command module; it contains a forward bulkhead, forward and aft sidewalls, and aft bulkhead. Four continuous longerons support the launch escape subsystem at the forward end, and these plus additional longerons in the aft side wall distribute the launch booster t h r u s t load, F o u r s t r u c t u r a l beams attached to the forward bulkhead distribute the internal p r e s s u r e , forward heat shield ejection load, drogue and pilot chute m o r t a r loads, and main parachute attachment loads. The numerous cutouts correspond to those in the outer shell. Both the outer shell and the inner s t r u c t u r e a r e s y m m e t r i c a l about a common centerline. 4.2.3.2 Service Module Structure
The Spacecraft 002 s e r v i c e module will be a spacecraft configuration s e r v i c e module s t r u c t u r a l shell only. Command and s e r v i c e module separation apparatus, signal distribution units, tape modulation packages, t r a n s d u c e r s , and a m p l i f i e r s will be the only equipment contained within the s e r v i c e module. The shell is constructed of one-inch aluminum honeycomb i n s i x segments. Its diameter is 154 inches, and it is 155 inches long. Nonfiring simulated reaction control subsystem (RCS) engine quads will be installed on the e x t e r i o r s u r f a c e of the s e r v i c e module. 4.2.3.3 Service Module
Little Joe I1 Adapter
A 15-inch length extension adapter shell interfaces with the s e r v i c e module at one end and with the Little Joe I1 booster at the other in o r d e r to achieve the n e c e s s a r y dimensional transition. A p r e s s u r e b a r r i e r mounted
4-12 SID 64-2174
a c r o s s the adapter inside diameter shields the command module f r o m Little Joe I1 destruct blast p r e s s u r e , should destruction become necessary.
4.2.4 Retention and Separation Subsystem

Spacecraft 002 will contain the capability for retention and separation of (1) the command module and the service module, (2)the launch escape subsystem and the command module, and ( 3 ) the f o r w a r d heat shield and the command module.
4.2.4. 1 CM-SM Retention and Separation

T h r e e tension tie rods, each connected to a mounting plate and situated approximately 120 degrees a p a r t around the periphery of the command module base, s e c u r e the command module t o the service module structure. Each tie rod contains two shaped explosive charges that detonate together to f r a c t u r e the rod (detonation of a single charge is sufficient to f r a c t u r e the rod) and together with severance of the e l e c t r i c a l umbilical and plumbing h a r d lines between the command module and s e r v i c e module by cutters, the command module is completely disjoined f r o m the service module and f r e e to be separated by launch escape motor thrust.
4.2.4.2
LES-CM Retention and Separation
The launch escape subystem i s s e c u r e d t o the command module through the escape tower at i t s four extremities by dual-mode bolts. Bolt f r a c t u r e by self-contained redundant explosive charges i s accomplished to f r e e the entire launch escape subsystem and the boost protective cover f o r separation by the jettison motor.
4.2.4.3 F o r w a r d Heat Shield-Command
Module Retention and Separation
Four tension tie rods, each connected to a t h r u s t e r - e j e c t o r assembly, s e c u r e the forward heat shield to the command module. The four t h r u s t e r e j e c t o r s a r e situated around the exterior of the forward e g r e s s tunnel at approximately 90 degrees a p a r t . Two g a s generators operate the t h r u s t e r s , each generator operating two t h r u s t e r s 180 degrees a p a r t . T h r u s t e r firing o c c u r s 0.4 seconds after jettison motor ignition, fracturing the tension tie rods and ejecting the heat shield f r o m the command module.
4.2. 5 Sequencer Subsystem

Events of power-on tumbling boundary abort m i s s i o n A-004 will be scheduled by the mission sequencer, the ELS sequencer, and the tower sequencer. A block diagram of the sequencer subsystem i s presented on F i g u r e 4-7.
4-13
SID 64-2174
--
r
I I
I
- _ . - - - - - A
LJ-l I
PITCH-UP SIGNAL
I I
I
r-------I
I
I I
11-SEC TIME DELAY
I I I
Ill-SEC TIME DELAY

T
r
I
I
I I
L
-------&
ABORT TIMER
UMBlLICAL CHARGE)
BACKUP ABORT LIFT-oFF TIMER BOX
.
'
RANGE SAFETY RADIO COMMAND ABORT SIGNAL (IF REQUIRED)
FIRE CM-SM SEPARATION SYS
I
P
CM-SM DEADFACE ( C O N M CTOR)
SIGNALS FROM BLOCKHOUSE

1 . ACTIVATE GSE ABORT LOCKOUT RELAY ARM LOGIC AND PYRO BUSES 2. LAUNCH COMMAND TO LJ II 3. LIFT-OFF, T 0 (GSE ABORT LOCKOUT DEENERGIZE)
FIRE PITCH CONTROL MOTOR
FIRE LAUNCH ESCAPE MOTOR
!
1
< i u
I I 1
I
I I ' I
1
CANARD DEPLOYED
c
FIRE ; JETTISC
I I I I
5
14-SEC TIME DELAY
' I
1
L
I I
14-SEC TIME DELAY
I
11,000-R BAROMETRIC S\
I
I
I
1
BAROMETRIC SWITCH BAROMETRIC SWITCH
1
I
TOWER ILTS
NORTH AMERICAN AVIAl
11,000-FT
YITCH BAROMETRIC SWITCH
B
11
2-SEC TIME DELAY
I I
I
. a
u
2-SEC
TIME DELAY
1
I
DROGUES DEPLOYED REEFED
- -1
1
-I &I
1
P
" '
TIME DELAY TIME DELAY 8-SEC TIME DELAY
DISREEF DROGUES
Figure
TION, INC.
I- - - - - - - - - - - 1
;WITCH BOX
8 !<\
IMPACT SWITCH CLOSURE
I .
I
M A I N CHUTE DISCONNECT SIGNAL
FIRE DROGUE RELEASE SYS
FIRE PILOT CHUTE MORTARS (MAIN CHUTES * EXTRACTED IN EEFED CONDITION)
1
DISREEF MAIN CHUTES
TIME DELAY
1
1
SID 64-2174
t
I
4-7. Mission Sequencer Subsystem
4-15, 4-16
SPACE nnd INFORMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
4.2.5.1
Mission Sequencer
The m i s s i o n sequencer furnishes the signals f o r command module separation f r o m the s e r v i c e module, canard deployment, forward heat shield t h r u s t e r firing, and safing and a r m i n g of the tower and ELS sequencers. An a b o r t backup t i m e r constitutes a p a r t of the m i s s i o n sequencer, but it will be shunted nonfunctional for Mission A-004. The t i m e r will be of the s a m e configuration as that on Boilerplate 22. 4.2.5.2 Tower Sequencer
The tower sequencer is situated i n the command module on Spacecraft 002. It consists of r e l a y s which receive signals f r o m the m i s s i o n sequencer and, upon c l o s u r e , allows e l e c t r i c a l power f r o m pyrotechnic b a t t e r i e s to energize squibs and i g n i t e r s for firing the launch escape, pitch control, and jettison m o t o r s , and for detonating the four dual-mode explosive bolts that 1 s e c u r e the LES s t r u c t u r e to the command module. 4.2.5.3 ELS Sequencer
This component consists of two redundant packages located in the command module right -hand equipment compartment. Each package contains two baroswitches, one for c i r c u i t completion t o the drogue chute m o r t a r s and the other for c i r c u i t completion to the pilot chute m o r t a r s plus drogue chute disconnect mechanism. 4.2.6 E l e c t r i c a l Power Subsystem
Six E a g l e - P i c h e r s i l v e r oxide-zinc storage batteries c o m p r i s e the onboard e l e c t r i c a l power s o u r c e for Spacecraft 002. Two b a t t e r i e s (type MAP 4095) will power the instrumentation through the NASA-supplied power control box a s shown on F i g u r e 4-8. As indicated on this F i g u r e , another two b a t t e r i e s (type MAR 4090) will furnish power to the sequencer subsystem logic circuit, and the t h i r d pair of batteries (type ME 461-0007) will s e r v e as the pyrotechnic power source. 4.2. 7 Communication and Instrumentation Subsystem 4.2.7.1 T e l e m e t e r and Antenna
Two t e l e m e t e r t r a n s m i t t e r s will t r a n s m i t flight data through a multiplexer and one VHF antenna. This antenna i s one of two s c i m i t a r antennas. The other will be nonfunctional on this vehicle.
4-17
SID 64-2 174
0
INSTR BATTERY
28 VDC
I
INSTR BATTERY
POWER CONTROL BOX (NASA SUPPLIED)
INSTR LOADS (28 VDC)
28 VDC
TELEMETRY MAGNETIC TAPE RECORDERS RATE GYRO PACKAGE SIGNAL CONDlTl ONER ATTITUDE GYRO PACKAGE MODULATION PACKAGE R POWER F Q-BALL
I o$. ]
28 VDC
LOGIC BATTERY A
140 WATT-HR
'
PYROTECHNIC
-28 VDC
LOGIC BATTERY B
140 WATT-HR
LAUNCH ESCAPE MOTOR PITCH CONTROL MOTOR TOWER JETTISON MOTOR CANARD ACTUATION SERVICE MODULE SEPARATION TOWER SEPARATION HEAT SHIELD THRUSTERS DROGUE MORTARS DROGUE RELEASE PILOT CHUTE MORTARS
Figure 4-8. E l e c t r i c a l Power Distribution
4-18
SID 64-2174
4.2.7.2
Onboard Recorder
Two 14-channel tape r e c o r d e r s , including r e c o r d e r electronics and tape t r a n s p o r t , will be onboard to r e c o r d p a r a m e t e r s requiring highfrequency response. One of the two r e c o r d e r s will be operating i n conjunction with ten tape modulation packages. 4.2 7.3 End Instrumentation and Signal Conditioners
Ac c e l e r om e t e r s , c u r r ent m onito r s , po s it ion t r a n s duc e r s , rat e t r a n s d u c e r s , s t r a i n gauges, t e m p e r a t u r e t r a n s d u c e r s , and acoustic t r a n s d u c e r s make up the end instrumentation. Bridge adjust units, thermocouple compensation, and phase-sensitive demodulators will constitute the signal conditioning equipment on this vehicle. 4.2.7.4 C-Band Transponder and Antenna
I
Two C-band t r a n s p o n d e r s will be onboard to p e r m i t a c c u r a t e r a d a r tracking. Each transponder will respond independently to incoming pulse code signals and reply independently to tracking stations through two helix antennas. 4.2.8 Launch Vehicle
The Little Joe I1 launch vehicle will be a n a i r f r a m e comprising a twosection cylindrical body containing four Algol solid-propellant rocket motor s, a s e t of airfoil fin-elevons, a reaction control subsystem, and t i m e r units (command control logic, etc. ), Two of the Algol rockets will be f i r e d for liftoff; the remaining will be ignited j u s t p r i o r to burnout of the first pair. Four fins and their associated hydraulically actuated elevon control s u r f a c e s will be spaced at equal distances around the afterbody to provide the p r i m a r y mode of vehicle stability and attitude control. The hydrogen peroxide monopropellant reaction control subsystem will provide stability and attitude control assistance. Two t i m e r units will be onboard the Little J o e 1 : one 1 unit for providing the 3.5-second delay f r o m pitch-up initiation to LEV a b o r t initiation (staging t i m e r ) and the other unit for backup initiation of pitch-up based on elapsed time from lift-off i n the event the booster fails to respond to the radio command for pitch-up (RCS t i m e r ) . Detailed information of t h e launch vehicle and its performance will be contained i n " P e r f o r m a n c e and Interface Specification, Apollo Spacecraft 002 and Little Joe 1 Launch Vehicle" (SID 63-949). 1
4-19 SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORMATION SYSTEhiS DIVISION
4.2.9
Configuration Differences
Configuration differences of Spacecraft 002 in relation to the abort Mission A-003 vehicle (Boilerplate 2 2 ) a r e as follows: Article Boilerplate 22 Spac ec raft 0 02 Spacecraft Spacecraft Seven - s ection (spacecraft) Compression pads and radial beams plus electrical umbilical and plumb h a r d lines
Boilerplate Command module Boilerplate Service module Boost protective cover Eight - section (boilerplate) Compression pads and CM-SM separation radial beams
Configuration differences between Apollo vehicles of successive launch escape subsystem abort m i s s i o n s in the WSMR Apollo flight p r o g r a m a r e s u m m a r i z e d on Figure C-2 of Appendix C. 4 . 3 MASS PROPERTIES DATA The preliminary m a s s properties data currently available on Spacecraft 002 a r e presented on Table 4-1. The values a r e those currently proposed for the vehicle i n the flight readiness state on the launch pad. More complete m a s s properties data will be available a t a l a t e r date. Table 4- 1. Weight, Gravity, and Inertia Summary
4- 20 SID 64-2174
5 . 0 FLIGHT CONSTRAINTS
Flight constraints a r e defined a s the minimum mandatory testing which m u s t be satisfactorily accomplished p r i o r to execution of the m i s s i o n under consideration. Constraints a r e "hard" requirements, not a r b i t r a r i l y removed, and, i f not accomplished, will hold the m i s s i o n under consideration until accomplishments has been achieved. The constraints on Spacecraft 002 a r e described i n Table 5-1.
5-1
SID 64-2174
5 -2
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INEWRMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
6 . 0 MISSION RULES SUMMARY
The m i s s i o n rules contain information both on the launch limitations that govern continuation o r suspension of launch countdown and on the design t e s t point conditions of the launch escape vehicle. Launch site wind velocities and directions, visibility, and launch angle a r e the elements included under launch limitations. Mach number, dynamic p r e s s u r e , flight path angle, angle of attack, and pitch r a t e s constitute the escape vehicle test point conditions at s t a r t of abort. Launch limitations must not be exceeded to allow the launch vehicle the g r e a t e s t probability of attaining the design point condition$ within the allowable dispersions
The limitations and t e s t point conditions a r e defined i n Appendix B of I this document.
6- 1
SID 64-2174
7 . 0 SCHEDULE
The various p h a s e s of Spacecraft 002 activity will be accomplished i n accordance with the schedule p r e s e n t e d on F i g u r e 7 - 1 . This information i s based on Master Development Schedule (MDS) 8, Revision 2, dated 22 January 1965.
7- 1
SID 64-2174
SPACE ana INFORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
12 MAR
DOWNEY PREP 8, FINAL CHECKOUT
EB
START CM REFURBISHMENT 8, REDESIGNATE
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Figure 7 - 1 .
Activity Schedule
7 -2
SID 6 4 - 2 1 7 4
8 . 0 VEHICLE CHECKOUT PLAN
8 . 1 VEHICLE PREPARATION (S&ID DOWNEY) Upon completion of s y s t e m s installation by Manufacturing, the Spacecraft 002 vehicle will be delivered to NAA Apollo T e s t and Operations f o r t e s t preparation a t Downey p r i o r to shipment to WSMR. Preparation will consist of five phases. Figure 8-1 defines each phase and the sequence of t e s t s t o be performed on Spacecraft 002 f r o m the completion of s y s t e m s installation until shipment to WSMR. The block diagram in Figure 8-2 t r a c e s the proposed flow movement of the m a j o r components of the vehicle through the Downey complex. Upon completion of system installation, the following will be accomplished in Building 290: mechanical f i t checks, weight and balance, configuration verification, and open work' items. The power-on testing sequence will be conducted i n Building 001 and in the highbay a s s e m b l y tower. 8. 1. 1 F i r s t P h a s e In Building 290, a complete examination of the vehicle s y s t e m s and subsystems will be p e r f o r m e d to verify conformance with the l a t e s t config uration, specifications, and engineering o r d e r s to ensure the readiness of the hardware for checkout operations. P a r t s shortages will be remedied, and R & D equipment that was not available i n the s y s t e m s installation a r e a will be installed. During this period, the essential flight hardware i t e m s will be installed i n the command module and s e r v i c e module, and the p r e liminary weight and balance will be accomplished. These units will then be mated on the stacking fixture, H14-9030, and alignments will be completed. The boost protective cover will be f i t checked on the command module with the launch escape tower installed. While these units a r e stacked, a configuration verification and a n inspection shakedown will be performed. The vehicle will be demated, and open work i t e m s will be completed. The vehicle will be p r e p a r e d for movement to Building 001. 8 . 1 . 2 Second P h a s e The command module, with the apex cover removed, will be mated to the s e r v i c e module H14-9030 combination in Building 450 (Navajo tower). The launch escape tower will be mated to the command module, and the canard and the Q-ball will be electrically connected to the launch escape tower skirt. During this period, the GSE will be a s s e m b l e d and mated with spacecraft special t e s t equipment (STE) principally m e t e r room equipment, and a n integrated GSE s y s t e m s t e s t will be performed. The STE will present 8-1 SID 64-2174
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-5,8-6
SID 64-2174
inputs to the GSE and verify outputs to the s e r v i c e module umbilical i n o r d e r to establish interface compatibility. The i n e r t m o t o r s will not be mated to the launch escape tower; however, the vehicle's electrical interfaces will be provided to the canard and Q-ball subsystems. These units and their instrumentation will be installed on a holding fixture located near the spacecraft stack i n the tower. Upon completion of the GSE integrated systems t e s t , the GSE-vehicle cabling hookup and battery installation will p r e p a r e the vehicle for system checkout. 8 . 1 . 3 Third P h a s e The third phase of t e s t preparation will consist of spacecraft systems t e s t s to verify individual system readiness. An e l e c t r i c a l system t e s t will verify the operation of the electrical power subsystem f r o m ground power and f r o m internal battery power. Power switching and activation of vehicle subsystems will a l s o be verified. Electrical t e s t s of the abort and e a r t h landing sequences will be'conducted to verify the proper occurrence of all of the abort sequences, including separation rocket-motor s t a r t s , forward compartment cover jettison, and parachute deployment. All testing will be accomplished with WSMR-type cabling and J-box equipment. Pyrotechnic simulators will be used to provide circuit loading and to give proper responses for launch escape subsystem and explosive devices testing. Both the proper phasing and timing of functions and redundant functions will be tested. Where interlocking circuits a r e provided to prevent a function f r o m occurring out of sequence, the interlocking functions will be tested. During this testing, the explosive devices c i r c u i t s will be monitored to determine whether o r not interaction exists that might cause p r e m a t u r e operation. Counters on the GSE will r e c o r d the number of actuations of the firing units. Instrumentation t e s t s will include checkout and operation of the teleme t r y subsystems and checkout and operation of the onboard tape r e c o r d e r s . The vehicle antenna subsystems will be tested f o r proper output. A calibration of a l l end instruments will be accomplished. The C-band transponders will be functionally tested on bench maintenance equipment (BME). They will then be installed in the vehicle and checked as a vehicle subsystem. 8 . 1.4 Fourth P h a s e The fourth phase of t e s t preparation will be the integrated systems compatibility test. The tests will be conducted with WSMR-type cables and J-boxes and will include sequential operation of all vehicle subsystems to verify sub s y s tem compatibility.
8-7
SID 64-2174
8 . 1 . 5 Final P h a s e
The final phase will include preparation of the vehicle for shipment. The vehicle will be demated and those s y s t e m s scheduled for s e p a r a t e shipment to WSMR will be removed and packaged. In general, the vehicle will be shipped with subsystems installed. A complete l i s t of applicable documents and NAA drawing numbers will be found i n the "Preparation for Delivery and Transportation of Apollo Spacecraft, " MAD116-001 and MAD 116 - 0 12. All airborne i t e m s , i. e. , launch escape subsystem, command module, s e r v i c e module, and s e r v i c e module extension, will be shipped by aircraft f r o m Long Beach a i r p o r t to Holloman Air F o r c e Base. Transportation f r o m S&ID, Downey, to Long Beach and f r o m Holloman Air F o r c e Base to the t e s t site (WSMR) will be by truck. The spacecraft GSE will be shipped overland by t r u c k to WSMR. Shipment plans and methods a r e subject to change; howe v e r , the most expeditious shipping plan compatible with the t e s t scliedule will be implemented. Day 1 of the field schedule indicates the a r r i v a l of the command module i n the vehicle assembly building a t WSMR. Other vehicle components and GSE will be received at WSMR before Day 1. 8.2 CHECKOUT OPERATION PLANS (DOWNEY)
The operational t e s t procedures listed on Table 8 - 1 will be employed to establish the flight readiness of Spacecraft 002. Only those procedures denoted by the letter P i n the Location column will be applicable for checkout a t Downey. 8 . 3 VEHICLE PREPARATION (WSMR) P r e p a r a t i o n of Spacecraft 002 at WSMR will consist of two phases; spacecraft assembly building and spacecraft checkout and countdown a t the launch site. The test sequence, f r o m receipt of the vehicle a t WSMR to launch countdown, is shown i n Figures 8-3 and 8-4. 8 . 3 . 1 Vehicle Assembly Building P r e p a r a t i o n Upon a r r i v a l at WSMR, the command module and GSE will be delivered to the vehicle assembly building (VAB) for receiving inspection. The m o t o r s and ordnance will be delivered to the VAB f r o m the ordnance storage area. Assembly of the launch escape subsystem, including the installation of all instrumentation and installation of parachutes and ordnance i n the command module, will be performed i n the VAB. Final weight and center -of -gravity determination will be accomplished i n the VAB. Weight and balance t e s t s of the s e r v i c e module will not be
8 -8
SID 64-2174
Table 8-1. Operational Test Procedures

Operational Checkout Procedure No.
rlr
1 .
Location P & A A A A A P P P P P P & & & & & A A A A A A A

A
Title Integrated System T e s t s Countdown Spacecraft 002 and Little Joe II Simulated Countdown, Spacecraft 002 and Little Joe I1 P y r o Receiving Inspection, Storage & Preinstallation Checkout Electrical System Checkout Electrical Verification & Functional Power Checks LES & ELS Sequencer Verification Checks BME Checks ELS Sequencer and Baroswitch Bonding Verification of Spacecraft and GSE Battery Service LES Building Up CM & LES Vertical Move I CM-SM-LET Receiving Inspection SM Weight & Balance SM Mate and Demate to Little Joe II T e s t Vehicle to SM Mate & Demate & Alignment Checks Handling and Transportation of the T e s t Vehicle Forward Compartment Cover Installation, Removal Forward Compartment Equipment Installation, Removal CM to LES Mate and Demate CM Weight Fixture Installation and Alignment CM Weight and Balance (Horizontal) CM Weight and Balance (Vertical) LES Weight Fixture Installation and Alignment LES Weight and CG Test (Horizontal) Thrust Vector Alignment G r o s s Weight & CG Determination Preinstallation Leak Check of L&S Motors CM to SM Mate and Demate Functional Verification of Q-Ball Functional Verification of Camera System Functional Verification of Transponder Functional Ve r i f i cation of Antenna System Functional Verification of Telemetry System Functional Verification of Instrumentation System BlME R&D Tape Recorder Functional Verification of Telemetry & Instrumentation System Tape Recorder Loading Functional Verification of Telemetry Ground Station Test Configuration Checklist
P P & A A P P & A P & A P & A P & A P & A

A A
P &A A P & A A A P & A P & A A P & A P & A P P & A P P & A

*
have not been assigned, P Downey A Field
This information will be supplied when it becomes available.
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SID 64-2174
performed unless extensive configuration changes a r e made after Downey weight and balance. The launch escape subsystem will be weighed i n the horizontal position and the command module will be weighed i n the horizontal and v e r t i c a l position. A v e r t i c a l weight and balance will then be performed on the launch escape vehicle. Based on the center of gravity established from these final weight and balance tests, the t h r u s t vector alignment index of the launch escape motor will be defined. Optical m e a n s will be used to project this t h r u s t vector to a point on the command module, so that t h i s alignment c a n be reaffirmed a f t e r stacking. The s e r v i c e module will be transported to the launch pad for mating upon completion of Little Joe I1 buildup. After alignment testing, the assembled command module and launch escape subsystem will be demated and transported to the launch pad f o r mating operations. 8 . 3 . 2 Vehicle Launch Site Preparation
I
Upon delivery of the launch escape subsystem and the command module to the launch pad, the t e s t vehicle will be mated to the s e r v i c e module and Little Joe II combination. A t h r u s t vector verification t e s t will be performed, and the boost protective cover will be installed. Vehicle-GSE cabling will be accomplished. Calibration of the instrumentation subsystem will be r e v e r ified to be a t launch level through the pad facilities and the vehicle telemetry subsystem. Subsystem safety verification tests will be conducted to e n s u r e checkout equipment compatibility and to verify subsystem operations. An integrated s y s t e m s t e s t will then be conducted t o verify test vehicle readiness. This test will be followed by a simulated countdown and a final integrated s y s t e m s test. A flight readiness review meeting is the final declaration that the vehicle i s ready for launch countdown. The launch countdown is the concluding activity that v e r i f i e s that the vehicle has the ability to operate within i t s performance specification during flight. 8 . 4 FIELD OPERATION PLANS (WSMR) Field operation for flight readiness includes procedural checkout and launch day activity. 8 . 4 . 1 P r o c e d u r a l Checkout The operational t e s t procedures of Table 8-1 denoted by the l e t t e r A i n the Location column will be applicable for checkout a t WSMR. 8 . 4 . 2 Launch Day Activity On launch day, Spacecraft 002 launch countdown will be conducted, including preparation of a l l subsystems for launch. Range support agencies 8-15
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INWORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
will be on station to support the prelaunch activities and the flight and p o s t launch activities. At a predetermined time before launch, the launch pad a r e a will be cleared of all personnel and equipment. The final phase of checkout and launch will be conducted f r o m the blockhouse. The precount and countdown to launch will proceed a s shown i n F i g u r e s 8 - 5 and 8-6. The countdown embodies the detailed checkout and verification of flight readiness of the spacecraft and the boost vehicle. The details a r e accounted for separately and checked off step by step (1 through 3 0 ) i n the t a s k groups. Not all of these t a s k s a r e S&ID responsibility; however, they can be p e r formed concurrently with t a s k s that a r e the responsibility of General Dynamics, Convair (GDC). The combined efforts a r e coordinated through the NASA t e s t d i r e c t o r , who has the responsibility to initiate the s t a r t of the countdown, to conduct evaluation activities, and to control the countdown f r o m initiation to the f announcement of "clear to launch. ' I 8.4.2.1 Range Support and Requirements
Range support requirements will be identified and detailed by the NASA document entitled " P r o g r a m Requirements Document" (PRD) and this S&ID Vehicle T e s t Plan document (SID 64-2174, Appendix B). The areas in which support is required a r e as follows: Photog r a p hic cove r a g e Optical and c a m e r a tracking Te 1e m et r y r e c o r di ng Range and pad safety Meteorological support Radar tracking Vehicle recovery Before launch countdown, the NASA T e s t Director will coordinate the testing sequence with the range support groups to e n s u r e compatibility f o r tracking and data acquisition readiness in the vehicle tracking station and the telemetry station. It i s a l s o the responsibility of NASA to deliver t r a c k ing, telemetry, and photographic information to the S&ID Data Engineering group within 12 hours a f t e r launch. This information is required to expedite the completion of the postlaunch r e p o r t s .
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9 . 0 FLIGHT TRAJECTORY REQUIREMENTS
9.1
TRAJECTORY DESIGN GROUND RULES
The power-on tumbling boundary is defined by a b o r t initiation conditions for tumbling a b o r t s where the combined aerodynamic and launch escape motor exhaust p r e s s u r e s imposed on the command module surface approach the design limit range of 9 to 11 psid a c r o s s the command module outer s t r u c t u r e . The recommended abort initiation conditions superimposed on the Saturn boost t r a j e c t o r y envelope is presented in F i g u r e 9-1. The abort initiation conditions, with the recommended t e s t point located, is presented i n F i g u r e 9-2.
9 . 2 ABORT ENVELOPE
Power -on tumbling boundary a b o r t m i s s i o n A-004 can be successfully accomplished, not only from p r e c i s e l y the a b o r t point but f r o m any point within the envelope of allowable dispersion. Dispersion can r e s u l t f r o m tolerances i n the Little J o e II control subsystem a n d / o r i n the abort initiation t i m e r , f r o m performance variations of the Algol rockets, f r o m p r e s s u r e , density, drag, f r o m wind conditions, o r from any combination of t h e s e f a c t o r s The performance variation of a typical Algol rocket is shown in F i g u r e 9-3. Rocket-to-rocket variation can r e s u l t f r o m m a s s flow coefficient, burning rate constant, and throat a r e a . The acceptable disper sion values and envelope f o r this mission have not been established at this date. 9.3 CONTINGENCIES The design o r p r i m a r y mode of a b o r t initiation will be radio command 1 to the Little J o e 1 booster for accomplishment of the pitch maneuver. A r e a l - t i m e display of vehicle altitude and velocity will be monitored f o r optimum moment radio command t r a n s m i s s i o n f o r initiation of the pitch maneuver to account for vehicle dispersions. The Little Joe I1 a b o r t t i m e r will be actuated upon start of the pitch maneuver so that abort initiation will occur 3. 5 seconds a f t e r pitch initiation and approximately 76.0 seconds a f t e r vehicle lift-off. The backup a b o r t t i m e r aboard the Little J o e I1 will generate the command f o r the pitch maneuver and actuate the a b o r t delay t i m e r i f the
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SPACE and lNFORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
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P o w e r - O N Tumbling Boundary Abort P r e l i m i n a r y Envelope

9-3
SID 64-2174
NORTH A M E R I C A N AVIATION,
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SID 64-2174
TIAL
N O R T H A M E R I C A N AVIATION, I N C .
radio signal is withheld o r fails to r e a c h the vehicle. The backup t i m e r will become active at a predetermined t i m e a f t e r lift-off. This t i m e h a s not yet been established. 9.4 GROUND REAL-TIME DISPLAY The r e a l - t i m e displays at the ground station will be those n e c e s s a r y for a b o r t initiation and f o r range safety. Plotting boards and a digital display panel will be employed at WSMR. The following information will be available on the plotting boards: 1. Vehicle altitude v e r s u s velocity C r o s s - r a n g e distance and altitude v e r s u s down-range distance (two .plots)
2.
9.5 RANGE COVERAGE PLOTS

I
Spacecraft 002 will be launched f r o m WSMR launch complex 36. A plot of the range, including the tracking stations and a ground t r a c e of the flight, is contained in F i g u r e s 9-4 and 9-5.
9-5
SID 64 -2 174
SPACECRAFT 002 LAUNCH PAD SEE FIGURE 9-9
16 MM CINE CAMERP, 200 F T RADIUS CIRCLE

I
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'
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10,000 FT CINE CAMERA STATIONS OMITTED FOR CLARITY
F i g u r e 9-4.
Launch Complex 36, WSMR
9-6
SID 64-2174
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Figure 9-5.
Launch Site, WSMR
9-7
SID 64-2174
SPACE nnd INFORMATION
SYSTEMS DIVISION
10.0 FLIGHT PLANS
10.1 MISSION DESCRIPTION Apollo power -on tumbling boundary abort m i s s i o n A-004 is s u m m a r i z e d F i g u r e C-2 of Appendix C. This section d e s c r i b e s the mission i n detail. Mission A-004 will c o m p r i s e the following phases of flight: Little J o e I1 booster launch Little J o e I1 pitch maneuver Launch escape vehicle tumbling abort Launch escape vehicle orientation and stabilization Launch escape subsystem jettison and forward heat shield I separation Parachut,e deployment and command module deceleration Command module touchdown and recovery The Launch Escape Vehicle - Little J o e I1 stack resting at 84 d e g r e e s f r o m downrange horizontal will be launched f r o m the White Sands m i s s i l e range (WSMR) at 4036 feet elevation above mean sea-level. Two of the four Algol engines contained in the Little J o e I1 will be ignited simultaneously f o r lift-off and initial boost by signal from the blockhouse. The t h i r d and fourth Algol engines will be ignited simultaneously 36. 5 seconds a f t e r lift-off, p r i o r to burnout of the first two Algols, which o c c u r s at 39. 5 seconds a f t e r lift-off. The booster will maintain the programmed t r a j e c t o r y to the a b o r t point. As the booster r e a c h e s approximately 71,000 feet at 72.5 seconds after lift-off, a radio command will activate the booster control subsystem The boosterto affect a pitch maneuver to a negative angle-of-attack. contained backup t i m e r will be s e t for a predetermined t i m e interval a f t e r lift-off to initiate the pitch maneuver i f the radio command fails to affect the maneuver. Initiation of the pitch maneuver, either by radio command o r backup t i m e r , activates the booster -contained delay t i m e r for a b o r t initiation 3.5 seconds following pitch initiation. Abort will occur at around 75, 000 feet altitude, at 76.0 seconds a f t e r lift-off. Vehicle speed will be approximately Mach 2 . 75, and the dynamic p r e s s u r e will be approximately 360 pounds p e r s q u a r e foot at the abort point. Burnout of the t h i r d and fourth Algol engines (booster second stage) will be at the s a m e approximate t i m e as abort initiation. Escape will be a c c o m plished by firing the launch escape motor, propelling the launch escape vehicle (LEV) on a n upward escape c o u r s e beyond the booster. Because of
10-1 SID 64-2174
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LEV instability brought about by a change in the angle-of-attack (Little J o e 1 1 pitch maneuver) and a shift in the center of aerodynamic p r e s s u r e on the LEV through escape motor exhaust plume envelopment, the vehicle will be expected to tumble end-over-end through and a f t e r e s c a p e motor combustion. Propellant burn t i m e of the launch escape motor will be approximately seven seconds. T h e LEV will continue its tumbling c o u r s e on a coast-up a f t e r e s c a p e motor burnout to an apogee of approximately 120, 000 feet. At 11 seconds a f t e r a b o r t initiation on coast-up, the canard s u r f a c e s will be deployed for vehicle stabilization and orientation. The vehicle will continue to tumble, however, because the c a n a r d s will have very little o r no aerodynamic effect in the low dynamic p r e s s u r e region of the t r a j e c t o r y . As the vehicle descends into d e n s e r atmosphere around 90,000 feet and below, tumbling will be a r r e s t e d and the vehicle eventually stabilized and oriented with the aft (main) heat shield in the direction of descent. As the L E V drops to the 24, 000-foot level, baroswitch actuation detonates and f r a c t u r e s the dual-mode bolts, disjoining the escape tower f r o m the command module. The baroswitch action will a l s o r e s u l t in jettison of the LES and attached boost protective cover as one unit by LES jettison motor firing. The command module f o r w a r d heat shield will be ejected by t h r u s t e r firing 400 milliseconds a f t e r LES and BPC jettison. The mission sequencer will be mechanized to t r a n s m i t the t h r u s t e r firing signal 0.4 seconds a f t e r t r a n s m i s s i o n of the jettison motor firing signal in o r d e r to afford heat shield protection of e a r t h landing equipment f r o m the BPC as it sweeps and b r u s h e s by during jettison. Two seconds a f t e r LES jettison, the two drogue parachutes will be deployed by m o r t a r s i n a 40 percent reefed configuration to minimize opening shock loads. Disreefing to the nominal 13.7-foot diameter will occur 8 seconds a f t e r line stretch. As the command module drops through 11,000 feet, the drogues will be r e l e a s e d by actuation of a second baroswitch. Simultaneously, the t h r e e pilot parachutes will be deployed by m o r t a r s , each pilot extracting one main parachute in a 9 percent reefed configuration. The main chutes will be disreefed to the nominal diameter of 85.5 feet 8 seconds a f t e r line stretch. Command module touchdown will occur approximately 582.0 seconds a f t e r lift-off at approximately 42 m i l e s f r o m the launch point. 10.2 MISSION TRAJECTORIES Mission p r e l i m i n a r y t r a j e c t o r y data f r o m t e s t vehicle lift-off to command module touchdown f o r power -on tumbling boundary a b o r t m i s s i o n A-004 a r e contained i n F i g u r e s 10-1 through 10-4. F i g u r e 10-1 is the m i s s i o n flight profile, and F i g u r e s 10-2 through 10-4 a r e the aerodynamic parameter time history traces.
10-2 SID 64-2174
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SPACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E M S
DIVISION
CONFlD
1 0 . 3 SEQUENCE O F EVENTS The nominal sequence of mission events with associated flight p a r a m e t e r values is contained in Table 10-1. The mission sequencer subsystem block diagram of Figure 4-7 presents the flow path of each event. 1 0 . 4 OPERATIONAL TIMELINES The operational timeline history f o r this mission is presented in Figure 10-5. Included a r e timelines for all mission events and for vehiclecontained information transmission and recording equipment duty periods.
10-7
SID 64-2 174
SPACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E M S DiVISION
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SPACE and INIJORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
1 1 . 0 POSTFLIGHT OPERATIONS
11.1 RECOVERY PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS Three personnel t e a m s will be organized, equipped with appropriate support vehicle and tools, to examine and recover the command module at the touchdown s i t e , the launch escape subsystem at the impact s i t e , and the Little Joe I1 booster at i t s impact site. Each team will comprise a team l e a d e r , s p o t t e r s , photographers, flight vehicle system s p e c i a l i s t s , technicians, firefighters, and transportation vehicle o p e r a t o r s . The general positioning of the t e a m s p r i o r to launch will be coordinated by the WSMR recovery officer and the NASA recovery coordinator, based on continuously updated t r a j e c t o r y information f r o m the control center during the countdown. Equipment to be allocated to the recovery t e a m s includes light a i r c r a f t o r helicopter , ground transportation vehicles, firefighting vehicles, communication equipment, photographic equipment, propellant d e t e c t o r s , hardware detectors, protective clothing, pyrotechnic d e - a r m units, slings and dollies, containers, safety m a r k e r s and flags, and measurement tools 11.2 EXAMINATION AND RECOVERY PROCEDURE Upon a r r i v a l a t the touchdown o r impact s i t e , photographers will approach cautiously and photograph the command module o r flight system hardware f r o m safe vantage points on the ground anid in the air, showing attitudes and the relative position of the command module and parachutes 1 o r of the launch escape subsystem o r Little Joe 1 components. Safe distances should be maintained until all unfired pyrotechnics have been flagged and d e - a r m e d and vehicle power h a s been switched off. The t e a m will then begin a c a r e f u l on-scene inspection of all hardware, and findings will be recorded in log books. Examination will be general in nature without requiring test equipment o r extending recovery time appreciably. A reasonable attempt will be made t o recover buried components of flight hardware. Depth of impressions will be measured and documented photographically, Damage incurred during recovery will be noted.
11-1 SID 64-2174
SPACE nnd INFORMATION S Y S T E h l S DIVISION
1 2 . 0 APOLLO DATA REQUIREMENTS
1 2 . 1 ONBOARD DATA This section defines the onboard instrumentation and contains a summary l i s t of m e a s u r e m e n t s required for the evaluation of the t e s t . 12. 1. 1 Data Acquisition System The methods of acquiring t e s t vehicle instrumentation data a r e detailed h e r e in a block diagram of the system (Figure 12-1). 12. 1. 1 . 1 Onboard Tape R e c o r d e r s
l
The two onboard r e c o r d e r s , which a r e p r i m a r y data gathering devices, will be u s e d to r e c o r d telemeter outputs and m e a s u r e m e n t s requiring highfrequency response. Each tape r e c o r d e r unit will consist of a tape transport and r e c o r d e r electronics. Tape r e c o r d e r 2, in addition to the preceding, will utilize a tape r e c o r d e r modulation package. The tape t r a n s p o r t s will operate a t 15 inches per second and will be capable of providing approximately 10 minutes of recording t i m e . 12. 1. 1 . 2 T e l e m e t e r and Antenna Subsystem The telemeter will be a PAM F M / F M subsystem consisting of two modulated t r a n s m i t t e r s , two 90-by- 10 commutators, and a n R F multiplexer. Each t r a n s m i t t e r has a power output of approximately 5 watts. The telemeter antenna subsystem will consist of the VHF portion of the - Z VHF/Z-kmc scimitar antenna located at Xc23. 253 degrees (the tZ VHF/Z-kmc scimitar antenna i s a n inactive antenna). There will be no in-flight calibration. Calibration will be p e r f o r m e d prior to launch i n three steps of 0, 2 . 5, and 5 volts consecutively. The required timing and accuracy, a s well a s format, will be compatible with type-B code system ( I R E 104-60, Time F o r m a t Standards). 12. 1. 1 . 3 End Instruments and Signal Conditioning End instruments will consist of the following: a c c e l e r o m e t e r s , c u r r e n t monitors, position t r a n s d u c e r s , p r e s s u r e transducers, r a t e transducers, s t r a i n gauges, t e m p e r a t u r e transducers, and acoustic t r a n s d u c e r s . Signal conditioning will consist of bridge adjustment units, thermocouple
12-1 SID 64-2 174
SPACE and INE'ORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
12-2
SID 64-2174
compensators, and phase- sensitive demodulators. T h e s e devices will condition the information received f r o m the s e n s o r s into a modulation voltage for the s u b c a r r i e r o s c i l l a t o r s . The amplifier portion can be remotely calibrated for both R (range = 85 p e r c e n t full scale) and Z ( z e r o = 15 p e r c e n t full s c a l e ) . 12. 1. 1 . 4 C-Band Transponder Two C-band transponders receiving at 5480 m c and transmitting at 5700 m c will be installed to p e r m i t a c c u r a t e r a d a r tracking. Each t r a n s ponder will operate independently and will be power-divided into two cavity antennas. The four cavity-backed helix antennas will be located 90 d e g r e e s a p a r t at Xc71. The C-band r a d a r transponders respond to incoming pulse code signals and reply to tracking stations. Reply signals have a pulse r a t e frequency ( P R F ) that i s a function of the interrogation r a t e of the tracking stations.
I
12. 1. 1 . 5 C a m e r a Installation One c a m e r a will be installed in the launch e s c i p e vehicle. It will consist of a 16-millimeter, high-speed cine DBM- 10 c a m e r a , 5-amperehour battery, 5 . 4 - m i l l i m e t e r F 2 l e n s , c a m e r a control box, and timing g e n e r a t o r . The c a m e r a will be mounted in the launch escape tower along the centerline to p e r m i t photographic coverage of the boost protective cover a s well a s operation of the launch escape tower f r o m the command module ( s e e F i g u r e 12-2). Information a s to the f r a m e r a t e , duration of c a m e r a operation, and s t a r t and stop t i m e within the m i s s i o n profile will be available at a l a t e r date 12. 1 . 2 Instrumentation A complete list of Spacecraft 002 m e a s u r e m e n t s i s contained i n Appendix B . The Appendix B m e a s u r e m e n t requirement list consists of all flight m e a s u r e m e n t p a r a m e t e r s by channel assignment. The official l i s t i s contained i n Apollo Measurement Requirements, Spacecraft 002, SID 63- 502, 1 December 1964. Table 12- 1 p r e s e n t s a summarization grouping of Spacecraft 002 onboard instrumentation by functional system, classification, and module 1oca tion.
12-3 SID 64-2174
FCDEN
SPACE nnd INFORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
Figure 12-2.
Onboard C a m e r a Location
12-4
SID 64 -2 174
SPACE and INt.ORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
Table 12- 1.
Onboard Instrumentation Summary
Inst rumentation
Structures Acceleration Command module
Range
X X Y Z
axis high ( 1 ) axis low (1) axis (1) axis (1)
-10 t o 4-20 g -2 to t 2 g -5 to t 5 g - 5 t o +5 g
I
Launch escape tower
Y axis (1)
Z axis (1)
-5 to t 5 g -5 to t 5 g
Vibration Command module Display console, X, Y , Z (3) Lower equipment bay support, y , z (3) Normal to heat shield, floor, forward sidewall ( 3 ) Command module, X, Y, Z (3) -100 to -100 to
#
+loo g +loo g
x,
-100 to t 1 0 0 g -100 to
+loo
Service module Sector 1 , 1 1 IV, V, V I 1 1, (3Y2, 1, 5, 2 ) RCS panel and support ( 2 ) RCS nozzle subsystem D (2) Force Launch escape tower Canard actuator link, *Y ( 2 ) Tower leg load (4) *15,000 l b -15,000 to 50,000 l b -500 to t500 g -500 to t 5 0 0 g -500 to t 5 0 0 g
12-5
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INEORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
Table 12- 1.
Onboard Instrumentation Summary (Cont)
Inst rum e ntat ion
Range
P o sition
Launch escape tower Canard actuator displacement (1) Pressure Command module Conical surface (42) B a s e p r e s s u r e (4) Interior p r e s s u r e ( 1 ) Service module Fluctuating, RCS subsystem D (1) Fluctuating, (1) Interior p r e s s u r e (1) Rate Command module Heat flux ( c a l o r i m e t e r ) (6)
0 to t100 Btu p e r square foot p e r second 0 to t 6 0 deg
t 2 to t 2 2 psia 0 to t 1 5 p s i a 0 to t 1 5 psia
- 3 to t 3 p s i - 3 to t 3 p s i 0 to +15 psia
Strain Command module Axial hatch beam, in, out, vertical (2) Tower longeron (6) -5000 to t5OOO microinches p e r inch -5000 t o t5000 microinches p e r inch
12-6
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INI.ORhfATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
Table 12- 1.
Instrumentation Forward longeron (12) Side heat shield (8)
Range -5000 to t5000 m i c r o inches p e r inch -5000 to t5000 m i c r o inches p e r inch
Service module Longitudinal and circumferential, bending, tension, and compression (20) T ension-tie bolt (3) Spacecraft compression pad (12)
- 7 0 0 0 to t7000 m i c r o inches p e r inch

0 to t5000 microinches p e r inch -5000 to t5000 m i c r o inches p e r inch
Temperature Command module C a l o r i m e t e r (6) Interior (1) Heat shield surface (6) Aft heat shield surface ( 2 ) P r e s s u r e hull ( 2 ) Service module Interior (1) Skin (4) Elec rical power subsystem Current Command module Total instrumentation c u r r e n t (1) Battery A and B ( 2 ) t 3 2 to t302 F t 3 2 t o t482 F t32 t32 t32 t32 t32 to to to to to 4-482 t302 t302 t302 t302
F F F F F
0 to 50 amp 0 to 50 amp
12-7 SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORhIATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
Table 12-1.
Instrumentation Voltage Command module Instrumentation bus A and B ( 2 ) Logic bus A and B (2)
Range
+ 2 2 to t 3 2 vdc 0 to t 3 6 vdc
ILaunch escape subsystem

P r e s sure
Launch escape tower Pitch control and escape m o t o r chamber p r e s s u r e ( 2 )

0 to 2000 p s i a
I
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V o Ita g e
Command module
LES pyro bus A and B { Z ) Sequencer s t a r t signal A and B ( 2 )

Event Command module Abort initiate relay close A and B ( 2 ) CM-SM separation relay close A and B (2) ELS sequencer A and B s t a r t relay close A and B (4)
I
0 t o 36 vdc 0 to 36 vdc
Step Step Step
12-8
SID 64-2174
Table 12- 1.
~~ ~
Onboard Instrum entation Summary (Cont)
Instrumentation
__
Range Step Step Step Step Step Step Step
Tower jettison and separation relay close A and B ( 2 ) Canard deploy A and B relay close A and B (4) Forward heat shield jettison A and B (2) Backup abort t i m e r close A and B ( 2 ) Abort initiate relay K-20, K-19, close A, B ( 2 ) Abort enable GSE system A and B ( 2 ) LES/pitch control motor, five relay close A and B ( 2 ) Earth Landing Subsystem Pressure Command module B a r o m e t r i c p r e s s u r e static reference (1) Event Command module Drogue deploy relay close A and B ( 2 ) Main chute deploy, drogue r e l e a s e relay A and B ( 2 ) Baroswitch locking relay close A and B ( 2 ) Physical monitor drogue chute 1 and 2 ( 2 )
0 to 15 psia
Step Step Step Event
12-9 SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORhlATION SYSTEhlS DIVISION
Table 12- 1.
Instrumentation Flight technology
Range
P o sition
~
Command module Attitude, pitch and yaw ( 2 ) Attitude, roll, gyro out 1 and 2 ( 2 ) Launch escape tower Angles of attack and sideslip, Q-ball ( 2 ) Camera Launch escape tower F o r w a r d heat shield (1) Looking aft, f r a m e r a t e to b e d et e r m ined
- 180 to t 1 8 0 deg -180 to t 1 8 0 deg
Pressure Launch escape tower Dynamic p r e s s u r e , Q-ball ( 1 ) Rate Command module Rate, pitch, yaw, and r o l l ( 3 ) -150 to t 1 5 0 d e g r e e s p e r second
0 to +1250 psf
Event Command module Gyro segment switch 1 and 2 ( 2 ) 12-10 SID 64-2174 Step
Table 12-1.
Instrumentation Acoustical Command module Interior (1) Interior ( 1 ) Communications and instrum entation subsystem Voltage Command module Differentiated PDM (90 x 10 commutator) link A and B ( 2 ) Mixer 2 output link A and B (2) Sync A and B (90 x 10 commutator) link A and B (4) 0 volt reference (90 x 10 commutator) link A and B (2) 5-volt reference (90 x 10 commutator) link A and B ( 2 ) Time Command module Onboard t i m e r Voltage Voltage to vdc
Range
t l l O to t150 decibels t100 to t140 decibels
to
volts d i r e c t cur rent t 5 volts d i r e c t c u r rent
12-11 SID 64-2174
1 2 . 2 EXTERNAL DATA Tracking and support data r e q u i r e m e n t s such a s sampling r a t e s , accuracies, and referencing of data a r e to be covered in SID 64-329, Apollo CSM Ground Operation Requirements Plan, Spacecraft 0 0 2 . A s u m m a r y of the general r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e a s follows. 1 2 . 2 . 1 Radar Tracking Data Radar tracking data a r e required to provide azimuth, elevation, slant range, velocity, and acceleration. These data a r e required f r o m launch to touchdown. Two C-band transponders will be provided i n the command module to facilitate tracking. The booster and launch escape tower will be skin tr acke d .
1 2 . 2 . 2 Photographic Coverage
f
1 2 . 2 . 2 . 1 Sequential and Theodolite Tracking Tracking will be required throughout the flight f r o m liftoff at pad elevation (4036 feet) to apogee (120, 000 feet) to command module touchdown 42 statute miles down range f r o m the launch point. Cinetheodolite positioning m u s t be a c c u r a t e to plus o r minus 2 0 feet and plus and minus one degree. See Table 12-2.
Table 12-2. Sequential and Theodolite Tracking
Flight Phase Liftoff
Vehicle Unit
Cinema tic T racking
Cinethe odolite Positioning Coverage f r o m 0 to 7 0 0 feet above the pad to establish f i r m l y the vehicle stack space position.
Coverage f r o m 0 to 200 feet Test v e hi cl e above the pad. F i l m speed and field of coverage shall stack be sufficiently g r e a t to document in detail contingent events.
Launch (to abort point)
Continuous tracking f r o m Test Continuous position recording v e hi cl e approximately 100 feet immediately after liftoff to stack above the pad up tothe a b o r t a b o r t initiation. point (approximately 7 5 , 0 0 0 feet altitude). The field of
12-12 SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E h l S DIVISION
Table 12-2. Sequential and Theodolite Tracking (Cont)
T e hi cl E Unit
P o s itionin
rest u' e h i c l E observation of vehicle pitch stack maneuver at around 70, 000 feet and behavior of the boost protective cover
LJ I1
LEV
and film speed must be
vehicle tumbling, stabiliza-
boost cover behavior i n
120,000 feet) and separation
in approximately 1 / 4 second. LES
e r a g e , i s required.
Continuous coverage of the Continuous position recording LES f r o m j u s t p r i o r to j e t - f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES j e t t i tison to 15 seconds a f t e r son to 15 seconds a f t e r j e t t i jettison will be required, son i s required. Field of coverage and film speed m u s t be appropriate for detailed observation of LES separation plus f o r ward heat shield ejection (approximately 25, 000 feet).
12-13
SID 64-2174
Table 12-2. Sequential and Theodolite Tracking (Cont)
Cinematic Tracking Continuous coverage of the CM f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES jettison to 15 seconds after CM touchdown. Field of coverage and film speed m u s t be appropriate for observation of parachute s e r i e s deployment and behavior in detail with the CM.
Cinethe odoli t e P o s i t io ning Continuous position recording of the CM f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES jettison to CM touchdown i s required to establish CM stabilization and r a t e of descent with the parachute sub sys t e m .
The operational r eadines s r e q u i r e m e n t s of sequential and theodolite tracking stations a r e presented i n Appendix B . 1 2 . 2 . 3 Documentary F i l m s A complete motion picture and still-photography documentary r e c o r d of all key events associated with the Spacecraft 002 t e s t will be required. Photographic coverage will include transportation, preflight preparations and checkout, flight operations, and postflight activities and events. 1 2 . 2 . 4 Meteorological Data The White Sands m i s s i l e range (WSMR) will be required to furnish weather data consisting of the following p a r a m e t e r s : To1erance Temperature P r e s sur e Wind velocity Wind direction Density Refractive index Humidity
*2 F * l percent * 2 mph *5 degrees *1 percent rt15 percent *l percent
12-14 SID 64-2174
These data will be required f r o m the White Sands, desert, and small m i s s i l e range s i t e s in 3-day general f o r e c a s t s to support t e s t scheduling and one hour before, during, and one hour after the t e s t to support data reduction. The t e s t support weather data will be required f o r various altitudes up to 120, 000 feet. It should b e noted that uninterrupted c a m e r a tracking i s required to 120, 000 feet m e a n sea-level, and up to 42 m i l e s i n range. Any weather phenomena that would inhibit these conditions will cause postponement of the test. 12. 3 DATA ACQUISITION 12. 3. 1 Flight T e l e m e t e r e d Data T h e flight telemetry data will be recorded by a t l e a s t two White Sands m i s s i l e range recording stations. The flight data will a l s o be recorded by the telemetry t r a i l e r a s a backup. The telemetry t r a i l e r data will be utilized a s the source of quick-look data and on-site analysisd E a c h range recording station will produce t h r e e magnetic tapes, an original and two copies. h m e d i a t e l y after termination of the t e s t , the original tape f r o m each s i t e will be given to NASA, one copy will be given to an S&ID Apollo Data Engineering representative, and the remaining copy will be retained by the White Sands m i s s i l e range. 12.3. 2 Onboard Magnetic Tape As soon a s possible after termination of the flight, the onboard tapes will be recovered and delivered to the t e l e m e t r y t r a i l e r f o r copying. One m a s t e r copy will be m a d e f r o m each of the original onboard tapes. T h r e e additional copies will be made f r o m each m a s t e r copy. The original tapes and one copy will be delivered t o NASA; S&ID will retain one copy at the field site; and the m a s t e r and remaining copy will be given to an S&ID Apollo Data Engineering representative. All tape-recorded data (range and onboard copies) will be hand-carried to S&ID, Downey, by the Data Engineering representative within 24 hours after the flight. 12. 3. 3 Radar Data Raw r a d a r data, consisting of time, azimuth, elevation, and slant range of each of the t h r e e vehicle components (launch escape subsystem, command module, and s e r v i c e module) will be p r o c e s s e d by White Sands m i s s i l e range facilities into a Cartesian coordinate system using X, Y, and Z as space position axes. The origin of this system will b e a t the launch pad. The X axis will be positive in the direction of the intended flight path (north), the Y axis will be positive 90 degrees clockwise from the positive X axis (east), and the Z axis will be positive upward to f o r m a left-handed orthogonal set. Magnetic tapes, compatible with an IBM 7090 computer, 12-15 SID 64-2174
containing time and X, Y , and Z position data for each vehicle component will be supplied to S&ID, Downey, within 48 h o u r s after the flight. These data will be listed at Downey and examined f o r a c c u r a c y and validity. After the data quality is verified, the preliminary position data will be converted to a right-hand Cartesian coordinate s y s t e m for further processing i n the Downey computers, and a l l the required calculations will be performed. These data will then be p r o c e s s e d into graphical form. The White Sands m i s s i l e range w i l l continue to p r o c e s s the position data into final format after it has supplied %ID, Downey, with the preliminary position data. 12. 3.4 Optical Data
Both r a d a r and optical (photographic) tracking of a l l vehicle units will be conducted throughout the flight. Radar position data will be the p r i m a r y source of point m a s s trajectory information, and optical data will be the p r i m a r y source of attitude information. Painted patterns on the launch I escape vehicle will a i d i n optical data acquisition. 12. 3.5 Calibration Data System calibrations for each instrumented p a r a m e t e r w i l l be conducted i n the Downey t e s t preparation a r e a . The r e s u l t s obtained f r o m these calibrations will be computer p r o c e s s e d to establish a best curve fit calibration curve. These calibration c u r v e s will be plotted, and a complete s e t of calibration curves w i l l be maintained i n Data Engineering and also transmitted with the vehicle to the field t e s t site. During vehicle checkout i n the field, the calibrations will be checked against the Downey curves. Any m e a s u r e m e n t found to be 'out of l i m i t s w i l l be rechecked, and the end instrument w i l l be replaced a s n e c e s s a r y to bring the m e a s u r e m e n t within required limits. Whenever an end instrument is changed, i t w i l l be replaced with a s p a r e , and the calibration of the s p a r e w i l l be verified. Information regarding all end instrument changes will be immediately forwarded t o Downey, where the calibration curves will be plotted, and the calibration w i l l be recorded.
12-16 SID 64- 2 174
SPACE and INVORMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
13.0 TEST REPORTS
13.1 MSC REPORTS The analysis of the spacecraft m i s s i o n and the writing of the postlaunch r e p o r t will be completed at MSC, Houston, Texas by an analysis and r e p o r t (A&R)team. This effort will be supported by MSC and contractor personnel. 13. 1. 1 One-Hour Report The MSC one-hour r e p o r t will be a n unclassified TWX prepared by the one-hour r e p o r t group, approved by MSC-ASP0 manager (PA) and MSC-FO manager (HA) and i s s u e d to NASA management approximate19 one hour a f t e r lift-off. The r e p o r t will contain a brief notification of the time and place of the launch, and pertinent comments relating to the s u c c e s s o r failure of the m i s sion. 13. 1. 2 Flight Status Report (48 hour) The MSC flight status r e p o r t will be a confidential TWX prepared by the flight status r e p o r t group, approved by the PO, and issued to NASA management within 48 hours after mission termination. This r e p o r t will include subsystem performance analysis detail and significant o c c u r r e n c e s based on analysis of the quick-look data. If r e q u i r e d , additional flight status r e p o r t s w i l l be written at 24-hour intervals to r e p o r t additional signi f i c ant fact s
13. 1. 3 Postlaunch Report The postlaunch r e p o r t i s the p r i m a r y effort f o r the A&R team. It will be a confidential document i s s u e d by MSC-ASP0 for distribution within the NASA organization and to ASP0 c o n t r a c t o r s twenty-one calendar days after launch. It is intended to be used by personnel concerned with the planning for future missions. The postlaunch r e p o r t will present r e s u l t s f r o m an evaluation of the data available to the t e a m during the analysis and writing period at MSC-PO and MSC-Houston. Postlaunch r e p o r t supplements will be p r e p a r e d a s required. These r e p o r t s will present the r e s u l t s of additional study and analysis, and will be
13-1
SID 64-2174
p r e p a r e d by MSC and contractor personnel. The r e p o r t s will be issued by MSC-ASP0 and distributed t o the same p e r s o n s that receive the postlaunch report
13.2 NAA-AT0 FIELD REPORTS
It i s planned that preliminary information be made available for internal use of S&ID, Downey, subsequent to the Spacecraft 002 flight i n the f o r m of 1-hourJ 24-hourY and 5-day field reports.
13. 2. 1 One-Hour Report The one-hour report i s based on information available immediately after the t e s t operation. In general, these r e p o r t s w i l l include a brief s u m m a r y of the countdown, the launch t i m e , a brief description of the mission, and pertinent observations and comments by NAA personnpl at the launch site. 13.2.2 24-Hour Flight Report
The 24-hour report w i l l include a brief description of the countdown and recovery operations, a preliminary statement on the accomplishment of spacecraft objectives, a description of flight events and t r a j e c t o r y , and initial r e s u l t s of the quick-look data review. 13.2. 3 Five-Day Report The five-day report will include a m o r e detailed coverage of the subjects contained i n the 24-hour flight report. In addition, it will contain r e s u l t s of postrecovery examination, a preflight history a problem s u m m a r y , and a l i s t of the t e s t data received and expected f r o m the flight. 13.3 NAA ENGINEERING REPORTS 13. 3. 1 Checkout T e s t s Engineering will p r e p a r e a s u m m a r y report of operational t e s t and checkout p r o c e d u r e s performed on the spacecraft o r associated equipment. These r e p o r t s w i l l contain a general description of the t e s t , a listing of the engineering problems encountered and the corrective actions taken, and recommendations for future vehicles and operations. Reports covering combined and integrated s y s t e m checkout will be transmitted t o RASPO- Downey.
13-2 SID 64-2174
13. 3. 2 Flight T e s t s Engineering w i l l p e r f o r m an analysis of spacecraft data f r o m the flight and will prepare a documented and integrated evaluation of the r e s u l t s which w i l l be published a s an NAA internal document. The engineering evaluation sections of this document w i l l be delivered to NASA-MSC for review and subsequent publication a s one o r m o r e postlaunch report supplements. The f i r s t supplement will be published 60 days after the flight. Additional supplements, i f required, will be published at 30-day intervals up to a period of 120 days after the flight.
13-3
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORMATION S Y S T E h f S DIVISION
1 4 . 0 RANGE AND PAD SAFETY
1 4 . 1 RANGE SAFETY Ordnance handling, vehicle-test facility integrated c i r c u i t r y , and t r a j e c t o r y dispersion limitations will be specified i n the NASA-MSC/WSMR Safety Mannual, NASA-SM- 1, dated January 1964. 14.2 PAD SAFETY 14.2. 1 Personnel The launch pad, blockhouse, and rocket motor assembly a r e a s will be designated as limited-access a r e a s , and only those personnel r e q u i r e d to p e r f o r m the assigned t a s k s will be n e a r the dangerous a r e a s . Personnel admitted to the l i m i t e d - a c c e s s a r e a will be required t o wear safety h e l m e t s , safety s h o e s , and safety g l a s s e s as required. Hospital and medical c a r e is to be provided by the WSMR medical staff. An ambulance and a f i r e t r u c k with c r e w s will be required to stand by during all operations with ordnance equipment. 14. 2. 2 Explosive Control The launch escape vehicle m o t o r s and o t h e r explosives will be s t o r e d by WSMR until needed i n the hazardous assembly a r e a o r a t the launch site. Ordnance simulators will be utilized i n all checkout procedures where possible.
1 All explosives required i n the Little Joe 1 will be s t o r e d by WSMR. A s e p a r a t e a r e a will be designated for rocket motor buildup. The rocket m o t o r s will be t r a n s p o r t e d by WSMR to the launch site as required for vehicle buildup. At a l l t i m e s , except for the checkout procedure, the igniter- squibs w i l l have shorting plugs installed, and the rocket motor c a s e will be grounded. During vehicle buildup, the s e r v i c e tower will be provided with lightning protection, and the vehicle will be connected directly to an e a r t h -ground to prevent s t a t i c electricity buildup.
14. 2. 3 Standard Operating P r o c e d u r e s Standard operating procedures will be prepared by NASA as directed by Annex B , WSMR CIR NR385-2, Reference 5, and will conform to the 14-1 SID 64-2174
requirements of the "Ordnance Safety Manual, ' I ORD M7-224, Reference 6. The standard operating procedures will define safety m e a s u r e s to be observed during the handling of the rocket m o t o r s , installation of i g n i t e r s , testing of ignition c i r c u i t s , installation of destruct charges and associated c i r c u i t r y , utilization of shorting plugs, and final arming of the rocket m o t o r s and other ordnance devices.
14-2
SID 64-2174
1 5 . 0 GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
1 5 . 1 GSE REQUIREMENTS Table 15- 1 GSE specifies the units required for handling, checkout, and testing Spacecraft 002 in the t e s t preparation a r e a , the field hazardous assembly a r e a , and the field launch site. Five groups of GSE will be used for handling, checkout, and testing: 1. Checkout equipment, C 14-000, consisting of s y s t e m s control and monitoring devices, interconnecting cables, and power distribution s y s t e m s
f
2.
Handling equipment, H 14-000, consisting of slings, dollies, and workstands Auxiliary equipment, A14-000, consisting of protective covers, warning s t r e a m e r s , simulators, e t c . Servicing equipment, S 14-000, consisting of leak t e s t units, fluid t r a n s f e r units, e t c . Government furnished p a r t s , G F P , consisting of special equipment
3.
4.
5.
15.2 GSE LOCATIONS F i g u r e 15-1 shows location and configuration of GSE used for testing at Downey. Figure 15-2 shows the GSE location and configuration of the equipment to be u s e d for checkout and launch at W S M R . 1 5 . 3 FIELD SITE SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS The support requirements for the field site a r e a s follows: 1. MA-8, o r equivalent, ground cooling c a r t
2 . Forklift, 5-ton capacity

3. T r a c t o r , 2500-pound drawbar pull, gas-driven
15-1 SID 64-2174
GROUND FLOOR
I I I I
BUILDING 450
_I-------------_.-
BME AND SUPPORT EQ,UIPT. C-14-029 C-14-051-101 C 14-45 1 C-14-452
--I
I,------------GSE EQUIPMENT INTERFACE A14-018 Little Joe II Substitute Unit A14-019-101 Disc Set-Umbilical, Fluid and Electric01 A14-139 PYRO Initiators Substitute Unit C 14-01 9- 101 Test Condition Console C14-020-101 Data Recording Group C14-031 Onboard Recorder Checkout Unit C14-032-101 Antenna Checkout Group C14-089-101 High Response Recording Unit C14-112 C-Eand Transponder Checkout Unit C 14-1 35-301 Signal Conditioner C14-137 Test Fixture Q-Ball (Analyzer) C14-418 Spacecraft Ground Power Supply Breakout Box Set EM1 Test (Interface C14-461 not yet defined) C 14-480 Initiators Stimuli Unit
BUILDING 1 - ---------I
514-015-101 S 14-081 514-091 G FPC -1 76 Battery Chorging Unit FDS (Building 450) N 2 Lines Only Battery Conditioner Apol Io Instrumentation Checkout Console
GSE J-BOX & CABLE SET C14-136X C14-172X C14-457X C 14-305 Umbilical J-Box Pad J-Box Block House J-Box Little WSMR Cable Set
Figure 15 -1.
G S E Requirements at Downey
15-2
SID 64-2174
1
A14-019-101 UMBILICAL RELEASE
-- J
N q UMBILICAL RELEASE
C14-108-6 1 CABLE SET
I
A 14-0 18
/
~
4-1 36
C14-1 O B 4 1 CABLE SET
---------1 BLOCKHOUSE
I
I
F i g u r e 15-2. GSE Requirements a WSMR t
15-3
SID 64-2174
SPACE and INFORMATION
SYSTEMS DIVISION
4 . Flatbed t r a i l e r , 10 by 40 feet ( t r a n s p p r t vehicle and equipment)
5. High-lift mobile'aerial tower (60 feet per minute)
6. Heavy duty tug

7 . Mobile crane, 10-ton capacity, 60-foot height
8 . Flatbed truck, cross-country mobility, MMI type, required for po st-flight recovery operations
9 . Mobile crane, cross-country mobility, 10-ton capacity, 20-foot

hook height, required for PO st-flight r e c o v e r y operations 10. Maintenance and storage van, 35-foot (launch a r e a ) 11. T h r e e mobile offices, 35-foot t r a i l e r s (launch a r e a )
1
Table 15-1. Required GSE Units
Utilization Model No. A 14 -007 A14-018 A14-0 19- 10 1 A14-026-80 1 A 14-03 5 -0002 A14-036 A14-036-301 A 14 -038 A 14-03 9 A14-040 A 14-046 A14-047 A 14-048 A14-128 A14- 130 A14-132 A14- 134 A14-139-101 A14-151 Unit Description LES optical alignment s e t Launch vehicle substitute unit Disconnect s e t (electrical umbilical, fluid) Cap and plug s e t Vacuum cleaner Ground a i r circulating unit Ground air circulating unit Launch escape motor-dummy Launch escape jettison motor-dummy Launch escape pitch control motor -dummy C r a n e control, auxiliary Box level ELS equipment weight and balance s e t ' P a r a c h u t e installation kit LES tower explosive boli wrench s e t Crew hatch command module handle Hydra set, 10-ton P y r o initiator substitute unit F o r w a r d heat shield installation kit Downey W SMR
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X X X X
15-4 SID 64-2174
Table 15-1.
Required GSE U n i t s (Cont)
Utilization
-
Model No. A14-154 A14- 161 A14- 176 A14- 180 A14- 183 C14-019- 101 C14-020- 101 C14-021 C14-029- 10 1 C14-031 C14-032-101 C 14-05 1- 10 1 C14-089 C14-089-10 1 C14- 108-61 C14-112 C14- 135-301 C14- 136 C14- 136X C14- 137 C14- 172 C14- 172X C14- 174 C14-305 C 14-4 18 C14-451 C 14-4 52 C14-457 C 14-4 57X C 14-4 58 C14-461 C 14-480 C14-552
U nit D e s c r ip t ion
D - c digital indicator Launch escape motor inspection kit Service module cover Command module cover Tool set, canard activator
T e s t conductor group D a t a recording group Telemetry ground station LES sequencer BME Onboard r e c o r d e r checkout unit Antenna checkout group Pyrotechnic BME Event recording unit, high response Event recording unit, high r e s p o n s e Electrical cable set, WSMR C-band r a d a r transponder checkout unit Signal conditione r Umbilical junction box Umbilical junction box T e s t fixture Q-ball (analyzer) Junction box a s s embly Junction box assembly T / M kit Little WSMR cable set Spacecraft ground power supply Baroswitch t e s t unit ELS sequencer BME T e r m i n a l board installations, blockhouse J-box Terminal board installations, blockhouse J -box Static EMI checkout device Breakout box set, EMI t e s t Initiators stimuli unit Terminal distributors
Downey X X X X X
WSMR
X
X X X
X
X X X X
X ,
X
X X X X X
X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X
X X X X X X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
15-5
SID 64-2174
NORTH A M E R I C A N AVIATION, INC.
SPACE nnd INf.<)RMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION
Table 15- 1. Required GSE Units (Cont)
Utilization Model No 314-008 314-0 11 314-016 314-0 17 314-0 18 H14-02 1 H14-029 H14-040 H14-041 314-043-101 H14- 044 H14-052 H 14- 0 54 314-055 3 14-0 56 H14-059 H 14-073 K14-074- 10 1 H14-083-101 H14-084- 10 1 H14-085-20 1 H14-090-301 H14-093 H14-093-101 H14-094 H14-096 H14-097 H14-099 H14- 100 H14- 101 H14- 113 H14- 114 H14- 127 H14- 136- 10 1 H14- 145 H14- 150 Unit Description Support b a s e a s s e m b l y Launch escape alignment stand LES weight and balance fixture Ueight and balance fixture Escape tower support 3SE handling c a r t Sling, flow s k i r t Electrical weight kit, 3000-pound capacity Electrical weight kit, 30, 000 -pound capacity Sling, jettison motor Parachute, handling sling Positioning t r a i l e r , narrow base Jettison motor support Launch escape motor support Sling, heat shield Sling set, weight and balance Sling, spacecraft minus LES Sling, spacecraft plus LES Cradle, LES t r a n s p o r t Adapter, rollover Sling, LES horizontal handling Stand, recovery a r e a a c c e s s Boatswain chair Boatswain chair Sling, pitch control motor nosecone Hook, LES ballast pickup Stand, a c c e s s , LES buildup Pitch control motor wrench Platform, 13-to-20 foot a c c e s s (GFP) Platform, 3 -to- 10 foot a c c e s s (GFP) Sling, s e r v i c e module Rack, s e r v i c e module Cable set, s e r v i c e module adapter weight and balance Hoist beam, s e r v i c e module/ spacecraft adapter Sling, shipping container Sling, LES bowney
V SMR
X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X
X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X X X X X X
X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
15-6 SID 64-2174
Table 15- 1. Required GSE Units (Cont)
Utilization Model N o . H14- 156 H14- 177 H14- 178 H14- 182 H 14- 90 15 H14- 903 0- 10 1 H14-9076-101 S14-06A S14-015-101 S 14-078 S14-081 S14-090 S14-091 GFP-A-028 GFP-C-176 GFP-H-2 03 Unit Description LES sling, horizontal handling Spacecraft weight and balance s e t Load, receiving device F o r w a r d compartment heat shield sling J a c k set, weight and'balance Base, s e r v i c e module and adapter support General purpose dolly Heat shield p r e s s u r e unit Battery charging unit P r e s s u r e cost, LES rocket motor Fluid distribution unit (Building 450) Mobile p r e s s u r e t e s t unit (0 to 2000 psig) Battery conditioner Optical alignment unit Instrumentation checkout console Positioning trailer Downey
N SMR
X X X
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
X
X X X
X X X X X X X
15-7
SID 64-2174
16.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
General requirements consisting of s t r u c t u r a l design c r i t e r i a , environment, handling and t r a n s p o r t , electromagnetic compatibility, t h e r m a l analysis data, and aerodynamic stability c u r v e s , a r e s e t forth i n the "Master Spacecraft Specification" (SID 63- 3 13). Specific requirements for Spacec r a f t 002 a r e contained in the "Contract End-Item Specification'' (SID 63- 699). 16. 1 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA The spacecraft will consist of launch escape subsystem, command module, and s e r v i c e module. It will. be designed and constructed t o withstand normal ground and flight loads. The spacecraft f o r this m i s s i o n will c o m p r i s e the launch escape subsystem, the command module', and the s e r v i c e module. Secondary s t r u c t u r e and mounting provisions will be provided for the subsystems required to accomplish the m i s s i o n objectives. Detailed design c r i t e r i a will be contained i n "Structural Loads and C r i t e r i a " (SID 64-183, ARM-6). 16.2 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS Specific environments for this flight a r e given i n the " P e r f o r m a n c e and Interface Specification" (SID 63-949). 1 6 . 3 HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION REQUIREMENTS The handling and transportation requirements for Spacecraft 002 will be described in the " P r e p a r a t i o n f o r Delivery and T r a n s p o r t of Spacecraft 002" p r o c e s s specification that will be p r e p a r e d at a l a t e r date. The p r i m a r y method of transportation will be by air. Air t r a n s p o r t minimizes t r a n s p o r t t i m e and any possible compromise of h a r d w a r e reliability because of environmental f a c t o r s . T r u c k t r a n s p o r t will be considered a s a n a l t e r nate to e n s u r e maximum flexibility. 16.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY REQUIREMENTS The electromagnetic compatibility requirements a r e documented i n the "Electromagnetic Interference Control Plan for the Apollo Space System"
16-1 SID 64-2174
SPACE and INEWRMATION S Y S T E M S DIVISION
(MC999-0002B). Although Spacecraft 002 w i l l not be equipped with all the

Apollo spacecraft subsystems, the subsystems contained w i l l be designed to meet these requirements. As the vehicle p a s s e s through field operations, minimal checking w i l l be accomplished to confirm compatibility of the s u b s y s t e m s , including GSE.
16-2
SID 64-2174
17.0 REFERENCES
SID SID SID SID SID
62-109 62-585 62-1408 63-313 63-271
SID 62- 1450

SID 62-931 SID 62-700-3 SID 63-139 SID 64-183 (ARM- 6) SID 62-417 PRD Number t o be assigned at a l a t e r date 62- TO-695-322- 1 62-DI- 695 -420 1
General T e s t Plan (Vol. 1 through 5) Apollo Hardware Utilization L i s t Apollo Measurement Requirements Master Apollo Spacecraft Specification Weight, Balance, and Inertia Summary , Spacecraft Configurations Ground Support Equipment Plan Requirements f o r Work and Resources at White Sands Missile Range Apollo Ground Operations Requirements Apollo Transportation and Handling I Procedures S t r u c t u r a l Loads and C r i t e r i a GSE Planning and Requirements P r o g r a m Requirements Document Preparation f o r Delivery and Transport of Apollo Spacecraft GSE Engineering Planning Data Definitions and Objectives of Apollo Hardw a r e Test A r t i c l e s Detail T e s t P l a n , Boilerplate 6 Project Apollo Flight Mission Directive, Mission PA-1 Detail Test P l a n , Boilerplate 12 Environmental Design and Test Requirements Ele ct r omagnetic Int e r f e rence Cont r ol P l a n , the Apollo Space System Project Apollo Flight Mission Directive, Mi s sion A- 00 1 P e r fo r manc e and Int e r f a ce Specification, Apollo Spacecraft 002 and Little Joe I1 Launch Vehicle SID Integrated System Schematic Drawing , Spacecraft 002, at Downey Apollo Measurement Requirements , Spacecraft 00 2 Postflight Recovery and Inspection, Spacecraft 00 2
A T 0 63-43 WP1049B A T 0 63-125 MC999-0051A MC999 - 0002B WP-1065A SID 63-949
V 14- 900 102

SID 63-502 Number t o be assigned at a l a t e r date
17-1 SID 64-2174
MA- 0 2 0 1- 0 0 7 1 SID 63-699 Number t o be assigned at a l a t e r date NASA P r o g r a m Apollo Working P a p e r 1135 SID 64-329
Integrated System Checkout Requirements , Spacecraft 00 2 Vehicle Contract End-Item Detailed Specific ation , Space craft 00 2 , Downey Mission Data P l a n , Spacecraft 002
Reporting Plan, Apollo Mission A-102 (Boilerplate 15) Apollo CSM Ground Operation Requirements Plan, Spacecraft 002
17-2 SID 64-2174
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
OBJECTIVE CATEGORY The objectives for Apollo Mission A-004 (Spacecraft 002) a r e classified according to t h e i r importance: f i r s t o r d e r , second o r d e r , and third o r d e r . Definitions for these classifications w e r e obtained f r o m NASA f o r m a l l e t t e r PL3/2/M-64-442 to NAA, dated 21 July 1964. The NAA identification number for the l e t t e r i s 9073MA.
I
Fir s t - Orde r
F i r s t - o r d e r t e s t objectives a r e the main purpose for conducting the mission. The mission profile w i l l be tailored to optimize the accomplishment of f i r s t - o r d e r t e s t objectives. Second- O r d e r Second-order t e s t objectives consist of (1) those specific "ests wh-ch constrain (must be completed satisfactorily p r i o r to) succeeding flights and (2) flight proof t e s t s of spacecraft equipment. The minimum spacecraft subsystem and instrumentation configuration required for the m i s s i o n i s established by the f i r s t - and second-order t e s t objectives. Third-Order T h i r d - o r d e r t e s t objectives support o r enhance succeeding Apollo flights, supply supplementary data for overall spacecraft evaluation, and accomplish scientific experiments assigned to the mission.
OBJE C TIV E TERMINOLOGY

The action terminology selected in the makeup of the individual objective denotes the extent of analysis required for accomplishment of that objective.
A- 1 SID 64-2174
Demonstrate The t e r m "demonstrate" denotes the o c c u r r e n c e of an action o r a n event during a t e s t . The accomplishment of a n objective of this type r e q u i r e s a qualitative a n s w e r . The answer will be derived through the relation of this action o r event to some other known information o r o c c u r r e n c e . This category of objective implies a minimum of a i r b o r n e instrumentation, a n d / o r that the information to be obtained external to the spacecraft. Verify The t e r m "verify" means to quantitatively demonstrate the safe functioning, achievement of minimum performance, and operational suitability of equipment. "Verify, I ' a l s o implies a quantitative investigation of overall operation which indicates quantitatively that the s y s t e m does i n fact operate a s designed, but does not imply that the instrumentation should n e c e s s a r i l y b e adequate to allow performance deficiencies to be isolated. "Verify, therefore, and insofar a s the instrumentation i s concerned, would s e e m to be somewhat m o r e than "demonstrate" but somewhat l e s s than "determine" Det e rmine The t e r m "determine" denotes the m e a s u r e m e n t of performance of any s y s t e m o r subsystem. This category implies a quantitative investigation of overall operation which includes, generally, instrumentation for m e a s uring basic inputs and outputs of the s y s t e m o r subsystem. The information obtained should indicate t o what extent the s y s t e m is operating a s designed. The instrumentation should allow performance deficiencies to be isolated to either the s y s t e m o r to the s y s t e m inputs. Evaluate The t e r m "evaluate" denotes the m e a s u r e m e n t of performance of any s y s t e m o r subsystem a s well as the performance and/or interaction of i t s components under investigation. The accomplishment of this type of objective r e q u i r e s quantitative data on the performance of both the s y s t e m o r subsystem and i t s components. The performance levels will then be analyzed for t h e i r contribution toward performance of the system. This category will provide the most detailed information of any of these categories. Obtain Data The t e r m "obtain data" denotes the gathering of engineering information t o be m e a s u r e d to augment the general knowledge required i n the development
A-2
SID 64-2174
of the overall spacecraft. This category also may be used for supplemental investigations, such a s environmental and ground equipment studies. The degree of instrumentation is not implied by this definition. SYSTEMS PRIORITIES The spacecraft s y s t e m s a r e assigned either p r i m a r y o r secondary priorities. During the initial t e s t p r o g r a m , when incomplete s y s t e m s a r e tested, this definition will apply to the subsystem and component level. Primary P r i m a r y subsystems a r e functionally required f o r the spacecraft to successfully accomplish f i r s t - and second-order t e s t objectives. A positive indication of satisfactory operation of p r i m a r y subsystems must be available before launch.
I
Se condar y Secondary subsystems a r e not functionally required for the spacecraft to complete i t s planned m i s s i o n ( f i r s t - and second-order objectives). Malfunction of secondary subsystems will not require a mandatory countdown hold o r scrub. SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM Complete (C) The t e r m "complete" designates a s y s t e m o r subsystem intended to fulfill manned m i s s i o n requirements. P a r t i a l (P) The t e r m "partial" designates anything l e s s than a complete system o r subsystem of the type intended to fulfill manned m i s s i o n requirements. Simulated (S) The t e r m "simulated" designates a nonfunctional system o r subsystem that simulates the configuration. Interim (I) The t e r m "interim" designates a functional substitute s y s t e m o r sub system.
A-3 SID 64-2174
APPENDIX B
MISSION RULES
established herein for Apollo Power-On Tumbling Th mission rul Boundary Abort Mission A-004 with Spacecraft 002 govern the readiness of the t e s t vehicle, the applicable s y s t e m s of the Little Joe I1 booster, the WSMR t e s t range, and the weather for satisfactory launch and m i s s i o n accomplishment. The mission rules a r e divided into four categories: 1) Spacecraft 0 0 2 and Little Joe I1 s y s t e m s required status, 2) Operational readiness required of individual onboard instrumentation units, plus the applicability of these units to the mission objectives, 3) t e s t range support s y s t e m s requirements, and 4) flight dynamics and weather requirements. The t e r m s and symbols that appear in the following tables a r e defined in the following list.
Term Mandatory (M) Highly Desirable (HD)
Definition Hold t o fix o r scrub, Hold t o fix a t discretion of operations director o r test conductor. P r o c e e d without hold.
De sirable (D)
S C 002 AND LJ-I1 SYSTEM OR COMPONENT
Table B-1. SC 002 and LJ 1 Operational Readiness 1
Launch E s c a p e System Rocket m o t o r s
B-1
SID 64-2174
Table B-1. SC 002 and LJ-II Operational Readiness (Cont)
System o r Component 2arth Landing System Mortars Parachutes Retention and Separation System CM-SM LES-CM F o rward He at Shield- CM Sequencer System Tower Mission Landing Electrical Power System Instrumentation batteries Pyrotechnic b a t t e r i e s Logic batte r i e s
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Limit
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Communication and E strumentation System n On-board tape r e c o r d e r s On-board c a m e r a Telemetry C-band Transpondors
B-2
SID 64-2174
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Table B- 1. SC 002 and LJ-II Operational Readiness (Cont)
System o r Component Launch Vehicle Abort initiation delay t i m e r Abort backup t i m e r
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TES T VEHICLE INS T RUME NT AT ION This section of the Mission Rules concerns only the operational readiness of the instrumentation units t h e m s e l v e s and not that' of the s y s t e m s o r equipment they monitor. F o r additional information involving i n s t r u mentation, r e f e r t o SID 63-502, Apollo Measurement Requirements for Spacecraft 002, dated 31 July 1964. Table B-2 shows operational readiness of on-board instrumentation.
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RANGE INSTRUMENTATION SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND PRIORITY Electronic Instrumentation
It is mandatory that a sufficient number of WSMR t e l e m e t r y stations be operational to e n s u r e reception of quality data throughout the flight. A WSMR timing s y s t e m and liftoff signal a r e a l s o mandatory.
Photo Sequential and Theodolite Tracking Table B - 3 . Operational Readiness of Photographic Tracking
Ve hi c 1 e Unit Test vehicle stack
Cinematic Tracking Coverage inclusive from 0 to 200 f e e t above the pad f r o m 4 stations abou the pad M (3) HD (1) Continuous coverage f r o m approximately 100 feet above the pad up to the a b o r t point (approximately 75, 000 f t ) f r o m 4 stations M (3) HD (1) Continuous coverage of the LJ I1 f r o m j u s t prioz to CM-SM separation to 15 seconds a f t e r s e p a r a tion f r o m 2 stations
Cinetheodolite Positioning Positioq recording f r o n 0 to 700 feet above the pad f r o m 4 stations about the pad M (3) HD (1) Continuous position recording immediately a f t e r liftoff to a b o r t point f r o m 4 stations
Test vehicle stack
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Little Joe 1 1 Booster
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B-23
SID 64-2174
Table B-3. Operational Readiness of Photographic Tracking (Cont)
Flight P h a s e LEV a b o r t and des cent (Cont) LES jettison and CM deceleration
Vehicle Unit LEV (Cont)
Cine ma tic T r a c king LES jettison f r o m 4 stations M (3) HD ( 1 ) Continuous coverage of the LES f r o m j u s t p r i o r to jettison to 15 seconds after jettison f r o m 2 stations M (1) HD (1) Continuous coverage of the CM f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES jettison to 15 seconds a f t e r CM touchdown f r o m 4 stations M (2) HD ( 2 )
Cine theodolite Po sitioning separation to LES jettison f r o m 5 stations M (4) HD (1) Continuous position recording f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES jettison to 15 seconds a f t e r jettison f r o m 2 stations HD ( 3 )
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LES
Continuous position recording f r o m j u s t p r i o r to LES jettison to CM touchdown f r o m 4 stations M (3) HD (1)
Flyby Airplane Two flyby a i r p l a n e s a r e r e q u i r e d for preflight calibration of r e a l - t i m e display. One i s m a n d a t o r y , and one is highly desirable. FLIGHT DYNAMICS A N D WEATHER Launcher Setting s The launcher settings will be 84 d e g r e e s i n elevation and range center i n azimuth ( c o r r e c t i o n will be made for crosswinds to limit c r o s s r a n g e d r i f t to the d e s i r e d value). The booster control s y s t e m e n s u r e s a downrange a b o r t point including booster and wind dispersions. Note that the Little J o e I1 booster contains a n attitude control s y s t e m and does not r e q u i r e changes i n launch angle as a function of winds. Only range, c r o s s r a n g e , and flight path angle a r e affected.
B-24 SID 64-2174
Abort Conditions': A 15-degree pitchup maneuver by the Little J o e I1 booster j u s t p r i o r to launch escape vehicle a b o r t is n e c e s s a r y to e n s u r e vehicle tumble a t the tumbling boundary altitude for development of h i g h - p r e s s u r e loads on the escape vehicle. The pitchup will be p e r f o r m e d by the booster upon r e c e i p t of radio command signal a s the booster attains an altitude of 71, 000 feet. Actual a b o r t will be initiated 3 . 5 seconds after the ptichup maneuver is begun by the booster-contained a b o r t delay t i m e r activated simultaneously with r e c e i p t of the pitchup signal.
A backup t i m e r i n the Little Joe 1 will furnish the signal for pitchup 1 and activation of the a b o r t delay t i m e r upon failure of the radio command to accomplish this function.
Wind Restrictions
The allowable surface wind velocity i s 23.7 knots (27. 3 mph) maximum to control horizontal touchdown velocity and eliminate towing of the command module by the parachutes. During the 40 minutes p r i o r to launch, any unstable o r gusty wind condition that exceeds the allowable wind l i m i t s will be cause for a hold until the weather becomes stable. Allowable winds aloft m u s t not be g r e a t e r than WSMR 95 percent Cumulative P e r c e n t Frequency ( C P F ) wind velocity of w o r s t month of y e a r combined with WSMR 99 p e r c e n t C P F wind s h e a r . Photographic Requirements Uninterrupted photographic tracking is r e q u i r e d to 120, 000 feet above the launch pad and up to 40 nautical m i l e s i n range. Any weather conditions that would inhibit these r e q u i r e m e n t s will be cause to hold o r s c r u b the test.
*Stated conditions may vary slightly pending receipt of NASA Little Joe I1 boost trajectories.
B-25
SID 64-2174
APPENDIX C
WSMR APOLLO FLIGHT PROGRAM
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Vehicle Test Plan Apollo Mission A-004 Spacecraft 002

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Vehicle Test Plan Apollo Mission A-004 Spacecraft 002

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SPACE and INFORMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION

SPACE Urd INFORMATION SYSTEMS DIVISION