Professional Documents
Culture Documents
5HJLRQ\
8UXFKDPLDQLHPRGXX5HJLRQ
0RGXX 5HJLRQ QLH WU]HED VSHFMDOQLH XUXFKDPLD =RVWDQLH RQ XDNW\ZQLRQ\ Z F]DVLH
Z\ZRDQLDSLHUZV]HMNRPHQG\PRGXX3RZSURZDG]HQLXNRPHQG\SRMDZLVL LQIRUPDFMD H
PRGXQLH]RVWDMHV]F]HZF]\WDQ\1RPRGHOHULVORDGHG\HW%RWK$0(DQG5HJLRQ0RGHOHU
DUHDYDLODEOH1DVW SQLH$XWR&$'Z\ ZLHWOLS\WDQLHF]\PD]RVWDXUXFKRPLRQ\PRGXGR
WZRU]HQLDUHJLRQyZF]\$0($XWRORDG5HJLRQ$0(!:F]\WDQLH$0(GDMHUyZQLH
PR OLZR WZRU]HQLDLHG\FMLUHJLRQyZ -HGQDN H QLH ZV]\VF\ X \WNRZQLF\ E G ]QDOL NRG
GRVW SX GR $0( L GOD QLFK ZF]\WDQLH PRGXX 5HJLRQ E G]LH MHG\Q PR OLZR FL : FHOX
ZF]\WDQLDPRGXXUHJLRQZSLV]5HJLRQ
$XWR&$'GOD:LQGRZV
7ZRU]HQLHUHJLRQyZSURVW\FK
62/,',)<
5HJLRQ\SURVWHWZRU]\P\QDED]LHQDU\VRZDQ\FKZF]H QLHMSDVNLFKHOHPHQWyZWDNLFKMDN
SDVNLH SROLOLQLH RNU JL HOLSV\ ZLHORERNL WUDV\ SLHU FLHQLH RUD] REV]DU\ 5HJLRQ\ ]R RQH
SRZVWDM ]UHJLRQyZSURVW\FK
0HQX
>0RGHO@>6ROLGLI\@
F]HQLHUHJLRQyZ62/81,21
.RPHQGD 62/81,21 WZRU]\ UHJLRQ E G F\ VXP
UHJLRQyZ
0HQX
>0RGHO@>8QLRQ@
5HJLRQ\
2GHMPRZDQLHUHJLRQyZ62/68%
.RPHQGD 62/68% WZRU]\ UHJLRQ E G F\ Z\QLNLHP
RGM FLDUHJLRQyZ
0HQX
>0RGHO@>6XEWUDFW@
3R ZSURZDG]HQLX NRPHQG\ ZVND RELHNW\ RG NWyU\FK PDM E\ RGHMPRZDQH 6RXUFH
REMHFWV 6HOHFW REMHFWV 1DVW SQLH ZVND RELHNW\ NWyUH PDM E\ RGM WH 2EMHFWV WR
VXEWUDFWIURPWKHP6HOHFWREMHFWV
=QDMGRZDQLHF]
62/,17
FLZVSyOQHMUHJLRQyZ
0HQX
>0RGHO@>,QWHUVHFW@
3RZSURZDG]HQLXNRPHQG\ZVND RELHNW\6HOHFWREMHFWV
8ZDJL
5HJLRQ\PXV] OH HZMHGQHMSDV]F]\ QLH'ZLH]PLHQQHSHQL GR LVWRWQ URO SRGF]DV
WZRU]HQLDLPRG\ILNRZDQLDUHJLRQyZ6ROGHOHQWL6ROVROLGLI\
6ROGHOHQW
=PLHQQD 6ROGHOHQW RNUH OD F]\ SLHUZRZ]RU\ PDM E\ XVXQL WH SR XWZRU]HQLX
UHJLRQX3RZSURZDG]HQLX]NODZLDWXU\62/'(/(17SDGDS\WDQLH'HOHWHWKH
HQWLW\DIWHUVROLGLILFDWLRQ"
l QLHSLHUZRZ]RU\QLHPDM E\XVXQL WH
l X \WNRZQLNE G]LHS\WDQ\]DND G\PUD]HP
l WDNSLHUZRZ]RU\]RVWDQ DXWRPDW\F]QLHXVXQL WHRSFMDGRP\ OQD
$XWR&$'GOD:LQGRZV
6ROVROLGLI\
=PLHQQD 6ROVROLGLI\ RNUH OD F]\ RELHNW\ QLH E G FH REV]DUDPL PDM E\
DXWRPDW\F]QLH ]DPLHQLDQH QD REV]DU\ ZWHG\ JG\ ]RVWDQ Z\EUDQH SRGF]DV
Z\NRQ\ZDQLD NRPHQG\ GRW\F] FHM REV]DUyZ 3R ZSURZDG]HQLX ] NODZLDWXU\
62/62/,',)<SDGDS\WDQLH6ROLGLI\HQWLW\
l QLHDXWRPDW\F]QHSU]HNV]WDFDQLHZUHJLRQQLHE G]LHGRNRQ\ZDQH
l X \WNRZQLNE G]LHS\WDQ\]DND G\PUD]HP
l SU]HNV]WDFDQLH Z UHJLRQ E G]LH GRNRQ\ZDQH DXWRPDW\F]QLH RSFMD
GRP\ OQD
-H HOL DXWRPDW\F]QH ]DPLHQLDQLH MHVW Z F]RQH WR SRGF]DV Z\NRQ\ZDQLD
NRPHQGPR QDZVND]\ZDRELHNW\QLHE G FHUHJLRQDPLL]RVWDQ RQHZUHJLR
Q\SU]HNV]WDFRQHDXWRPDW\F]QLH
3U]\NDG
8WZyU] UHJLRQ MDN QD U\VXQNX 7ZRU]HQLH UHJLRQX E G]LH
SU]HELHJDRZWU]HFKHWDSDFK
(WDS
1DU\VXMGZDSURVWRN W\LRNU JyZUR]PLHV]F]RQ\FKMDNQD
U\VXQNX 1DMDWZLHM MHVW QDU\VRZD MHGHQ RNU J L SRWHP
UR]PLH FL JR Z SXQNWDFK ]D SRPRF WDEOLF\ ELHJXQRZHM
$55$< 1D NRQLHF PR QD VNRSLRZD MHGHQ ] RNU JyZ GR
URGNDNU]\ D]R RQHJR]SURVWRN WyZ
3U]HG GDOV]\PL RSHUDFMDPL ZDUWR XSHZQL VL F]\ ]PLHQQD
6ROVROLGLI\ PD ZD FLZ ZDUWR -H HOL E G]LH WR SLHUZV]H
RGZRDQLHGRPRGXX5HJLRQZELH F\PU\VXQNXWRQDMSLHUZ
QDOH \GRNRQDZ\ERUXF]\$XWR&$'PDZF]\WDWHQPRGX
F]\$0(
&RPPDQG62/62/,',)<
1RPRGHOHULVORDGHG\HW%RWK$0(DQG5HJLRQ0RGHOHUDUHDYDLODEOH
$XWRORDG5HJLRQ$0(!UHJLRQ
,QLWLDOL]LQJ5HJLRQ0RGHOHU
6ROLGLI\HQWLW\ QHYHU DVN DOZD\V!
5HJLRQ\
: WHQ VSRVyE QDND]DH H ZV]\VWNLH RELHNW\ NWyUH QLH V UHJLRQDPL ]RVWDQ QD UHJLRQ\
]DPLHQLRQH DXWRPDW\F]QLH JG\ ]DMG]LH WDND SRWU]HED $ ]DMG]LH ERZLHP UR]SRF]QLHV]
WZRU]HQLH UHJLRQyZ RG GRGDQLD GZyFK SURVWRN WyZ *G\E\ DXWRPDW\F]QD NRQZHUVMD QD
UHJLRQ\ E\D Z\ F]RQD WR SU]HG GRGDQLHP SURVWRN WyZ PXVLDE\ ]DPLHQL SURVWRN W\ QD
UHJLRQ\]DSRPRF NRPHQG\62/,',)<
(WDS
8WZyU] UHJLRQ VNDGDM F\ VL ] GZyFK SURVWRN WyZ : W\P
FHOXZ\NRU]\VWDMNRPHQG 62/81,21
>0RGHO@>8QLRQ@
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND SLHUZV]\SURVWRN W
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND GUXJLSURVWRN W
6HOHFWREMHFWV(17(5!
(WDS
8WZyU]UHJLRQSU]H]RGM FLHRNU JyZRGXWZRU]RQHJRZF]H QLHMUHJLRQX:W\PFHOXZ\NR
U]\VWDMNRPHQG 62/68%
>0RGHO@>6XEWUDFW@
6RXUFHREMHFWV
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND XWZRU]RQ\SU]HGFKZLO UHJLRQ
6HOHFWREMHFWV(17(5!
2EMHFWVWRVXEWUDFWIURPWKHP
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND SLHUZV]\RNU J
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND GUXJLRNU J
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND WU]HFLRNU J
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND F]ZDUW\RNU J
6HOHFWREMHFWVZVND SL W\RNU J
6HOHFWREMHFWV(17(5!
5\VXQHN]XWZRU]RQ\PUHJLRQHP]DSLV]QDG\VNX% G]LHZ\NRU]\VWDQ\ZSU]\NDG]LHLOX
VWUXM F\PPRG\ILNDFM UHJLRQyZ
$XWR&$'GOD:LQGRZV
0RG\ILNDFMDUHJLRQyZ62/&+3
=DSRPRF NRPHQG\62/&+3PR QDGRNRQDPRG\ILNDFMLUHJLRQyZSURVW\FKZFKRG] F\FK
ZVNDGUHJLRQyZ]R RQ\FK0R QD]PLHQLNRORULZ\PLDU\UHJLRQyZSURVW\FK0R QDMH
UyZQLH NRSLRZDSU]HVXZD]DPLHQLDLXVXZD
0HQX
>0RGHO@>0RGLI\!@>&KDQJH3ULPLWLYHV@
3R ZSURZDG]HQLX NRPHQG\ ZVND UHJLRQ ]R RQ\ 6HOHFW D UHJLRQ D QDVW SQLH ZVND
UHJLRQSURVW\ZFKRG] F\ZVNDGWHJRUHJLRQX6HOHFWSULPLWLYH
2SFMH
l &RORU
l 'HOHWH
l (YDOXDWH
l ,QVWDQFH
l 0RYH
l 1H[W
l 3LFN
l 5HSODFH
l 6L]H
l H;LW
]PLHQLDNRORUUHJLRQXSURVWHJR
XVXZD UHJLRQ SURVW\ : RGSRZLHG]L QD 5HWDLQ GHWDFKHG SULPLWLYH"
1! ]GHF\GXM F]\ XVXZDQ\ UHJLRQ PD ]RVWD ]DFKRZDQ\ MDNR
RGU EQ\RELHNW
DNWXDOL]XMHUHJLRQ]R RQ\XZ]JO GQLDM FZSURZDG]RQH]PLDQ\
WZRU]\ NRSL UHJLRQX SURVWHJR 8WZRU]RQD NRSLD MHVW RGU EQ\P
UHJLRQHP L MHVW XPLHV]F]RQD GRNDGQLH Z W\P VDP\P PLHMVFX FR
RU\JLQD]NWyUHJRSRFKRG]L
SU]HVXZDUHJLRQSURVW\
Z\ELHUD QDVW SQ\ UHJLRQ SURVW\ MDNR UHJLRQ ELH F\ 5HJLRQ ELH F\
MHVWSRG ZLHWODQ\QDHNUDQLH
XPR OLZLDZVND]DQLHQDHNUDQLHUHJLRQXELH FHJR
]DVW SXMH UHJLRQ ELH F\ LQQ\P RELHNWHP : RGSRZLHG]L QD 6HOHFW
VROLG WR UHSODFH SULPLWLYH ZVND RELHNW NWyU\ PD ]DVW SL UHJLRQ
2ELHNW ]DVW SXM F\ QLH MHVW DXWRPDW\F]QLH SU]HVXZDQ\ Z PLHMVFH
UHJLRQX ]DVW SRZDQHJR X \WNRZQLN PXVL JR SU]HVXQ Z GDQH
SRR HQLH]DSRPRF RSFML0RYH
]PLHQLDZLHONR UHJLRQXELH FHJR
SRZRGXMH]DNR F]HQLHG]LDDQLDNRPHQG\
5HJLRQ\
3U]\NDG
'RNRQDMPRG\ILNDFMLXWZRU]RQHJRZF]H QLHMUHJLRQX]R RQHJR
>0RGHO@>0RGLI\!@>&KDQJH3ULPLWLYHV@
6HOHFWDUHJLRQZVND UHJLRQ
6HOHFWSULPLWLYHZVND RNU J]SUDZHMVWURQ\UHJLRQX
$XWR&$'GOD:LQGRZV
.UHVNRZDQLHUHJLRQyZ
:Q WU]DUHJLRQyZV DXWRPDW\F]QLH NUHVNRZDQH 8 \WNRZQLN PR H Z\EUD Z]yU N W RUD]
VNDO NUHVNRZDQLD]DSRPRF ]PLHQQ\FK6ROKSDW6ROKDQJOHL6ROKVL]H
6ROKSDW
6ROKDQJOH
6ROKVL]H
8ZDJL
F -H HOL Z F]\V] UHSUH]HQWDFM VLDWNRZ 62/0(6+ WR NUHVNRZDQLH ]QLNQLH ]H ZV]\
VWNLFK UHJLRQyZ -H HOL Z F]\V] UHSUH]HQWDFM V]NLHOHWRZ 62/:,5( WR NUHVNRZDQLH
]QyZVL SRMDZL
3ROHSRZLHU]FKQLUHJLRQX
62/$5($
.RPHQGD62/$5($REOLF]DSROHSRZLHU]FKQLZVND]DQHJRUHJLRQXOXEUHJLRQyZ
0HQX
>0RGHO@>,QTXLU\!@>$UHD&DOFXODWLRQ@
3R ZSURZDG]HQLX NRPHQG\ ZVND UHJLRQ\ NWyU\FK SROH SRZLHU]FKQL PD E\ REOLF]RQH
6HOHFW REMHFWV -H HOL ZVND HV] NLOND UHJLRQyZ WR REOLF]RQD ]RVWDQLH VXPD LFK SyO
SRZLHU]FKQL
8ZDJL
F -HGQRVWN SRODSRZLHU]FKQLRNUH OD]PLHQQD6RODUHDX
5HJLRQ\
5R]G]LHODQLHUHJLRQyZ62/6(3
.RPHQGD62/6(3UR]G]LHODUHJLRQ\]R RQHQDUHJLRQ\SURVWH]NWyU\FK]RVWD\XWZRU]RQH
.RPHQGDG]LDDNURNSRNURNXUR]G]LHODM FUHJLRQ]R RQ\ZRGZURWQHMNROHMQR FLQL E\
WZRU]RQ\
0HQX
>0RGHO@>0RGLI\!@>6HSDUDWH@
7ZRU]HQLH]Z\N\FKRELHNWyZQD
ED]LHUHJLRQX62/)($7
.RPHQGD62/)($7WZRU]\NRSL UHJLRQX]R RQ ]H]Z\N\FKRELHNWyZRGFLQNyZXNyZ
RNU JyZLSROLOLQLL
0HQX
>0RGHO@>'LVSOD\!@>&RS\)HDWXUH@
3RZSURZDG]HQLXNRPHQG\Z\ELHU]RSFM
2SFMH
l
l
l
l
(GJH
)DFH
$OO
6HOHFW
WZRU]\NRSL
WZRU]\NRSL
WZRU]\NRSL
WZRU]\NRSL
Z\EUDQ\FKNUDZ G]LUHJLRQX
FDHJRUHJLRQX
]HZV]\VWNLFKHOHPHQWyZUHJLRQX
]Z\EUDQ\FKHOHPHQWyZUHJLRQX
8ZDJL
F 8WZRU]RQD NRSLD ]QDMGXMH VL Z W\P VDP\P PLHMVFX FR SLHUZRZ]yU $E\ UHJLRQ
SU]HVXQ PR HV]VNRU]\VWD]NRPHQG\029(
$XWR&$'GOD:LQGRZV
8VXZDQLHVNDVRZDQ\FKUHJLRQyZ
62/385*(
.RPHQGD 62/385*( XVXZD VNDVRZDQH UHJLRQ\ ] SOLNX U\VXQNRZHJR 8 \FLH NRPHQG\
PR H]QDF]QLH]PQLHMV]\ZLHONR WHJRSOLNX
0HQX
>0RGHO@>8WLOLW\!@>3XUJH2EMHFWV@
8ZDJL
F ,QQH PR OLZR FL NRPHQG\ 62/385*( ]RVWD\ RPyZLRQH Z UR]G]LDOH SR ZL FRQ\P
$0(