Greetings / Numbers / Colors / Definite and indefinite articles / Imperative Academic period: 01 Subject: English I / Week 2 Lesson # 03 PANCE

Date class August 8th / 2011 / NRC 9470 / Class # 3

Topic:

hi, how's things? (informal) hello!, good morning! Hello!, good afternoon!; good evening! afternoon!; evening! how are you? (familiar form) how are you? (formal) how are we doing? (used as in English to mean 'how are you doing?') thanks!, thank you! many thanks!, thanks very much! please please! (Informal) no thank you! yes please! bye!, see you later!

bye!, see you soon! bye!, see you! see you tomorrow! take care! (familiar form) sorry?, pardon?, what did you say? sorry!, excuse me! excuse me, ...? excuse me, ...! listen, ...?; by the way, ...? (familiar) have a good day!, hope you have a good day! hope it goes OK! bon aptit!, enjoy your meal!; (with drink) enjoy! cheers!; (after sneezing) bless you! watch out!

Los nmeros cardinales = Cardinal numbers

Nmero 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

INGLS One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten Eleven Twelve Thirteen Fourteen Fifteen Sixteen Seventeen Eighteen Nineteen Twenty

Se lee / un / / t / / zrii / / foa* / / faiv / / six / / sevn / / it / / nin / / ten / / ilevn / / tuelv / / zertn / / fortn / / fiftiin / / sixtiin / / sevntiin / / eitiin / / naintiin / / tuenti / 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Nmero

INGLS Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety One hundred Two hundred Three hundred Four hundred Five hundred One thousand Two thousand Three thousand Four thousand One million Two million Three million Four million / zerti / / forti / / fifti / / sixti /

Se lee

/ sevnti / / eiti / / nainti / / uan hndred / / t hndred / / zrii hndred / / foa* hndred / / faiv hndred / / uan zausnd / / t zausnd / / zrii zausnd / / foa* zausnd / / uan mlion / / t mlion / / zrii mlion / / foa* mlion /

100 200 300 400 500 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 1.000.000 2.000.000 3.000.000 4.000.000

Yellow / Orange / Red / Purple / Blue / Light blue / Green / Pink / Brown / Black / Gray / White.

Definition: English has two types of articles: definite (the) and indefinite (a, an.) The use of these articles depends mainly on whether you are referring to any member of a group, or to a specific member of a group: Indefinite articles - a and an (determiners) A and an are the indefinite articles. They refer to something not specifically known to the person you are communicating with. A and an are used before nouns that introduce something or someone you have not mentioned before: Examples: I ate an apple this morning I bought a pet for my son

You use a when the noun you are referring to begins with a consonant (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y or z), for example, "a city" and "a factory You use an when the noun you are referring to begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u)

Definite Article - the (determiners) You use the when you know that the listener knows or can work out what particular person/thing you are talking about. Example: The dog (that specific dog)

The apple (that specific apple)

You should also use the when you have already mentioned the thing you are talking about. Example: She's got two children; a girl and a boy. The girl's eight and the boy's fourteen.

We use the to talk about geographical points on the globe. Example: the Middle East, the West

We use the to talk about rivers, oceans and seas Example: the Nile, the Pacific

We also use the before certain nouns when we know there is only one of a particular thing. Example: the rain, the sun, the wind

However if you want to describe a particular instance of these you should use a/an. Example: "I could hear the wind." / "There's a cold wind blowing."

THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE

Los adjetivos demostrativos son aquellos que se utilizan para determinar la ubicacin de las cosas y son los siguientes:

A diferencia del idioma espaol, en el que se determina la proximidad con ESTO, ESO y AQUELLO, en el idioma ingls slo se utilizan dos grados de proximidad: THIS, para sealar lo que se encuentra ms cerca del sujeto, y THAT para lo que est ms alejado. Estos adjetivos concuerdan en nmero, ya sea en singular o en plural, con el sustantivo al que acompaan, mientras que en gnero no existen diferencias entre masculino y femenino: This flower is beautiful. This car is dirty. That house is expensive. That dog is bad. These apples are cheap. These pencils are in the box. Those stars are in the sky. Those boys are my friends. El adjetivo demostrativo THIS tambin puede utilizarse para presentar a alguien: John, this is Mike. Tambin se utiliza THIS para comenzar un relato de manera coloquial: This is the story... THAT sirve para indicar algo que ha ocurrido o algo que alguien ha dicho. That was an incredible story.

The imperative
An imperative sentence gives a command. It usually end with a period, but it may also end with an exclamation point (!). Commands ask or tell people to do something. "Please pass the salt." is a command. It doesn't sound as commanding as "Get out of my way!" But, both of these sentences are imperatives because they are both asking or telling someone to do something. We can use the imperative to give a direct order. 1. Take that chewing gum out of your mouth. 2. Stand up straight. 3. Give me the details. We can use the imperative to give instructions. 1. Open your book. 2. Take two tablets every evening. 3. Take a left and then a right. We can use the imperative to make an invitation.

1.

Come in and sit down. Make yourself at home. 2. Please start without me. I'll be there shortly. 3. Have a piece of this cake. It's delicious. We can use the imperative on signs and notices. 1. 2. 3. Push. Do not use. Insert one dollar.

We can use the imperative to give friendly informal advice. 1. Speak to him. Tell him how you feel.

2. Have a quiet word with her about it. 3. Don't go. Stay at home and rest up. Get some sleep and recover. We can make the imperative 'more polite' by adding 'do'.

Do be quiet. Do come. Do sit down.