Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Robert Warnke
Agenda
Voice over IP Fundamentals PacketCable Overview PacketCable Multimedia Current Status of PacketCable Residential VoIP Solution
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IP
Many services, one network Leverages existing data infrastructure Enhanced services Open standards
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Provides MSOs with Triple Play of Video, Data and Voice helping to reduce customer churn
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
STP
Class 4 Tandem IMT Class 5 GR-303 COT GR-303 RDT Twisted Pair
STP
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End-to-end connection
DS0 (64kbps PCM) is allocated on all links in network for duration of call, forming a virtual circuit.
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
STP
Class 4 Tandem IMT
Signaling GW
STP
IMT Class 5 GR-303 COT GR-303 RDT
MGC
V
DOCSIS 1.1 NCS EMTA CMTS CMTS NCS EMTA
HFC Plant
Provider Backbone
HFC Plant
MG
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Example Codecs
G.711 corresponds to PSTN DS0 64kbps low complexity G.729A 8x compressed - 8kbps - medium complexity G.729E enhanced 11.8kbps high complexity G.728 16kbps high complexity
Each packetization interval, sampled audio is encapsulated into an IP packet and transmitted
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Long interval
Greater network bandwidth efficiency Fewer packets = less stress on packet forwarding network elements
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VoIP Transport
Packet Encapsulation
RTP Real Time Protocol Provides timestamp and packet sequence numbering so destination applications can reassemble and playback speech UDP User Datagram Protocol Provides port number addressing, so that the correct destination application can receive the packet Provides data integrity via CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) IP Internet Protocol Provides routing info for packets to get to appropriate destination Provides packet prioritization
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
10
20 ms
20 ms
20 ms
= 224 bytes
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11
Network Requirements
Deliver a service that approximates that provided by the synchronous PSTN, on an inherently asynchronous IP network In simplest terms, ensure the following:
Low latency (minimal delay in delivering packets) Low jitter (expected arrival vs. actual arrival time) Very few dropped packets
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12
Agenda
Voice over IP Fundamentals PacketCable Overview PacketCable Multimedia Current Status of PacketCable Residential VoIP Solution
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13
PacketCable Overview
Founded in late 1997 to address the need for a multimedia architecture Requires a DOCSIS 1.1 access network with cable modem and CMTS as the core delivery components Addresses issues such as:
Signaling for services Media transport at variable QoS (Quality of Service) levels Security Provisioning of the client device Billing Network Management
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
14
PacketCable certifies different features and functionality during its certification waves
Cert Waves include CMS, MGC, MGW, eMTA, Calea etc Basic Interoperability is tested
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
15
SS7
The Switch and Gateway Components are The Switch and Gateway Components are Fundamental to Call Control and Speech Transmission Fundamental to Call Control and Speech Transmission
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
16
LNP
STP
DOCSIS 1.1
V
MG NCS EMTA (NID) CMTS
PSTN
CUST. DB
Provisioning
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Media Servers
17
STP
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MTA has specialized Telephony hardware and software CPE is considered outside the trust boundary Three types Embedded (inside house), NID (outside house), Non-Embedded
MG PSTN
HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
CUST. DB
Provisioning
Media Servers
Black-phone (RJ-11)) capability with support for standard audio codec speeds (e.g. G.711, G.729E, G.728) Supports secure provisioning from the back office NCS (Network-based Call Signaling) to the CMS (Call Management Server) based on MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol) Support for QoS interaction with DOCSIS-level QoS is required
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
18
Headend (CMTS)
MGC RKS Signaling GW CM NCS MTA NCS EMTA DOCSIS 1.1 CMS/ SoftSwitch LNP
STP
CMTS (Cable Modem Termination System) provides the DOCSIS 1.1 access to CMs on the HFC network Provides connectivity to the Managed IP Network CMTS is the first entity within the trust boundary
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MG PSTN
HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
Support for Electronic Surveillance as required by CALEA CMTS plays a central role in setting up QoS.
CUST. DB CALEA ANN CONF VM SRV SRV
Provisioning
Media Servers
PacketCable uses dynamic QoS (dQoS) Uses DOCSIS mechanisms on the access side, and IP (e.g. DSCP) on the core Implemented using gates, functional components that classify and enforce QoS policy per voice session as directed by a gate controller
Event messages are generated for billing purposes (QoS info only)
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2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
19
RKS
CALEA DF
RTP Multicast
DOCSIS 1.1
Dynamic Service Policy Enforcement HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
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20
STP
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MG PSTN
Provides call control and signaling (NCS, MGCP) for setting up voice sessions and invoking telephony features Maintains the state of all calls. Provides Line Side Features (e.g., Call Forward) Includes a Gate Controller initiating DQoS set-up
HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
CUST. DB
Provisioning
Media Servers
Supports call routing both on-net (terminating on an IP endpoint) and offnet (routed to the PSTN Public Switched Telephony Network) Generates most of the event messages used for billing per voice session Enables Electronic Surveillance as required by CALEA May support such telephony features as directory listings, local number portability, E911
Presentation_ID
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
21
PSTN Connectivity
MGC RKS Signaling GW CM NCS MTA NCS EMTA DOCSIS 1.1 CMS/ SoftSwitch LNP
STP
MGC (Media Gateway Controller) manages access to the PSTN MG (Media Gateway) provides bearer channel access to the PSTN (e.g., T1 trunks) SG (Signaling Gateway) provides signaling to an SS7 network
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MG PSTN
HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
CUST. DB
Provisioning
Media Servers
MGC is often part of the CMS controls the MG and SG using PacketCabledefined signaling protocols and maintains call state Generates event messages (interconnect-related) used for billing per voice session Enables Electronic Surveillance as required by CALEA
Presentation_ID
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
22
STP
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MG PSTN
HFC Plant
CMTS
ANS (Announcement Server) manages and plays customized informational messages Consists of an ANC (Announcement Controller) and an ANP (Announcement Player)
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
CUST. DB
Provisioning
Media Servers
Other back-office servers may include servers for such functions as voicemail and directory listing
Presentation_ID
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
23
STP
RKS (Record Keeping Server) collects event messages From CMS, MGC and CMTS and interfaces with a billing system DHCP server allocates IP addresses DNS is required for naming the PacketCable components
V
NCS EMTA (NID)
MG PSTN
HFC Plant
CMTS
Provider Backbone
Provisiong Server DNS/DHCP TFTP TOD KDC
CUST. DB
KDC (Key Distribution Server) for security keys A provisioning server supporting SNMP-V3 drives the MTA initialization and provisioning from subscriber data using PacketCable Provisioning MIBs.
Provisioning Media Servers
CMS provisioning support is described but not fully specified TFTP is used to download device configuration files (driven by provisioning) Network Management at the DOCSIS level is required. Minimal PacketCablespecific MIBs exist for network management, fault and performance.
Presentation_ID
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
24
25
CMS/MGC
PSTN
SS7 A-Link
Internet
STP
Router
M M
MGW
IMT
Cable IP Infrastructure
Cable User
MTA
CALEA
26
Bearer/Data Path
Internet Data Voice RTP CMS/MGC
PSTN
SS7 A-Link
Internet
STP
Cable User
MTA
Router
M M
MGW
IMT
Cable IP Infrastructure
Cable User
MTA
CALEA
27
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PacketCable DQoS
Dynamic Quality of Service, arguably the single most important PacketCable specification Creates an association between application specific signaling (NCS), subscriber information, and use of DOCSIS 1.1 QoS Participating network elements include CMS, CMTS and eMTA Introduces Concepts of Gates on the CMTS
COPS(Common Open Policy Server) signaling for Gate-Alloc and Gate-Set messages RADIUS signaling for Gate Open and Gate Close messages
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DQoS Gates
Ephemeral (exist _only_ for duration of call) Will automatically be deleted if not used
eMTA _must_ send DOCSIS DSA/DSC within short timeframe identifying Gate-ID to be used.
Coordinated
When both endpoints are on the cable network, Gate Open, Gate Close messages are sent by CMTS such that other CMTS knows far-end call leg has been constructed.
DOCSIS DSA/DSC must be within QoS limits specified within Gate spec.
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PacketCable dQoS
CMS
NCS EMTA
HFC Plant DOCSIS 1.1
CMTS
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RKS CMS
Signaling GW LNP
STP
V
MG
PSTN
NCS EMTA
HFC Plant
CALEA DF
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33
VoIP Control
Application Server
SIP DQoS
SS7 Network
A-Link
Control Plane
TGCP
SS7 GW
PSTN Gateway
PSTN
T1/T3 IMT
DOCSIS CMTS
NCS
Trunk Cards
HFC
Analog Phone
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Agenda
Voice over IP Fundamentals PacketCable Overview PacketCable Multimedia Current Status of PacketCable Residential VoIP Solution
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36
PacketCable Multimedia
Prescribes how DQoS and BW can be used to create services that are formidable competitive weapons. Provides a generic application framework for enabling cable QoS for non-QoS-aware devices.
Soft-phones Residential S-MTA X-Box/Playstation gaming consoles Business-class IADs, IP Phones
Builds upon Docsis and PacketCable*, enabling numerous voice, video, and data applications:
Bandwidth on Demand Low-latency Gaming Gaming with Audio/Video Video Telephony IM/Chat with QoS voice and video Presence-based voice/video
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New Components
Application Manager
Any service controlling host which has detailed knowledge of the applications bandwidth requirements Gaming Server
SIP Proxy Server PacketCable CMS
Policy Server
Host which polices Application Manager Requests Communicates directly with the CMTS MSO driven rule set
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38
You
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
39
Gate-Set
Policy Server
You
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
40
Policy Server
You
Gate-Set
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
41
Policy Server
You DSA
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
42
Policy Server
You DSA-RSP
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
43
Policy Server
CMTS
44
Policy Server
You
Gate-Set-Ack
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
45
Gate-Set-Ack
Policy Server
You
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
46
Go for it
Policy Server
You
DOCSIS 1.1 CM
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CMTS
47
PCMM benefits:
CPE can be any application (SIP, Game Consoles) CM is off the shelf DOCSIS 1.1 cable modem Neither the CM nor the CPE need to be PacketCable QoS aware Policy servers allow the MSO to build flexible rules regarding which applications are allowed
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48
Agenda
Voice over IP Fundamentals PacketCable Overview PacketCable Multimedia Current Status of PacketCable Residential VoIP Solution
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49
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50
Status Report Where We are Today Cable Telephony Systems Adoption Lifecycle
Establish the Market
MSO Business Case/ MSO Business Case/ Market Validation Market Validation Technology Incubation Technology Incubation & Validation & Validation Voice Solution Validation Voice Solution Validation
First Customer Trial First Customer Launch
MSO Adoption
Cisco Adoption
Management/Systems Management/Systems Operations Maturity Operations Maturity Services Scaling and Services Scaling and Partner Enablement Partner Enablement
1M Cisco Cable Voice Lines (Est 7/05)
1998
Cable Town Hall Presentation_ID
2001
2004 Today
2007
2010+
51
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
MSO Adoption
Cisco Adoption
Management/Systems Management/Systems Operations Maturity Operations Maturity Services Scaling and Services Scaling and Partner Enablement Partner Enablement
1M Cisco Cable Voice Lines (Est 7/05)
1998
Cable Town Hall Presentation_ID
2001
2004
2007
2010+
52
2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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53