"THE INTEGRATION AND OPERATION OF WIND

POWER PLANTS INTO POWER SYSTEMS"

TRAINING COURSE

Curricula for

MODULE 1
Renewable Power Sources and Resources.
Comparison with the conventional/classical generation of energy. Types of wind power
plants. The evaluation of wind potential. Dimensioning and location of wind power plants.

Ph. D. Vatră Fănică - LPQI/LPQIVES National Coordinator

Ph. D. Poida Ana - LPQI/LPQIVES National Manager

LPQIVES is co-finaced by:

LPQIVES is a programme of:

LPQI is part of:

www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83
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Module 1
Renewable Power Sources and Resources

1 INTRODUCTION
The energy has an important role in humanity evolution. It constitutes the basis of economical
development and progress, being a component of the durable development of society. The electricity
world consumption is continuously increasing. The price increasing of fossil energetic resources, because
of their limitation, consumption increasing, more restrictive conditions imposed by the environment
protection and global warming, leads to the necessity of promotion of the sources based on renewable
resources.
Numerous European governments have proposed itself objectives regarding to carbon dioxide emission
decreasing with intent to decrease the global warming. The wide accepted opinion is that these
objectives will be achieved, on the one hand using incentives for the energy/electricity saving on the other
hand by a large-scale utilization of the renewable energy. The utilization of the wind plants represents a
serious option for performing/achieving these objectives. A disadvantage of wind energy is the
unforeseeableness of the wind, the wind energy being dependent on the average speed of the wind in
the area under discussion which have a peculiar influence on the energetic and economical parameters
of the respective installations. Because of this, the connection of these wind plants to the electrical power
networks and the injection of the generated energy into networks is not so simple how it seems.
1.1 General aims
This module’s general aim is to provide the attendants the basic knowledge about the opportunity
and possibilities of renewable resources utilization, emphasizing on the wind energy, underlining the
policies and trends' state of the art, in this field, worldwide, respectively in our country. Also, methods
and evaluation criteria of the wind potential, generated power by the wind plants, selection of
locations for wind installations, main parameters / characteristics of wind installations and
connection schemes to electrical power networks of the National Power System, are presented.
The aim is achieved through 6 didactic sections, as follows:
- Section 1: Worldwide electricity generation and consuming (primary sources, proceedings,
evolution, trends, renewable power sources and resources, comparison with the
conventional electricity generation, brief historical, state of the art, perspectives etc).
- Section 2: EU policies and directives in the field of renewable power resources utilization.
- Section 3: The wind power role. State of the art, worldwide, respectively in our country.
- Section 4: The evaluation of wind potential, respectively of the power generated by wind
plants/parks.
- Section 5: Location of wind of power plants.
- Section 6: Wind electrical installations.
1.2 Target groups
This module’s target groups are: investors, consultants, designers, electrical installations building
up or installation work contractor, managers and specialists from the electricity generation
companies based on renewable power resources, respectively from the electricity companies,
responsible with the initiation, financing, designing, implementation/performing, operating and
maintenance of wind installations, from equipment sellers and services, as well, who intend to
increase their knowledge in this field.
2 SPECIFIC AIMS AND TOPICS
The pathway of module consists of a 2 days seminar, subdivided in sections (with different
duration), with these contents and related aims.
1st day
Contents Worldwide electricity generation and consuming. Primary sources, proceedings,
evolution, trends. Renewable power sources and resources. Comparison with
the conventional electricity generation. Policies and directives in the field of
renewable power resources utilization. The wind power role. State of the art of
wind energy, as part of electrical power systems. Perspectives.

www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83
 2

Aims The first day aim is to provide the attendants the basic knowledge about the
opportunity and advantages of renewable resources utilization in comparison with the
conventional sources, emphasizing on the wind energy, underlining the state of the
art, policies and perspectives, in this field, worldwide, respectively in our country.
2nd day
Contents The evaluation of wind potential, respectively of the power generated by wind
plants/parks. Location of wind of power plants. The main parameters /
characteristics of wind installations and connection schemes to electrical power
networks of the National Power System.
Aims During the second day are provided the basic knowledge about evaluation of
wind potential, power generated by wind plants/parks, needed analysis for wind
plants/parks locations selection. Also, there are presented basic knowledge
about the main parameters / characteristics of wind installations and connection
schemes to electrical power networks of the National Power System.
Below there’s an overview of the module contents.

2.1 Pathway of course / module

Time
Knowledge
progression Section level
(hours)

Lesson
About
030 Course
opening
LPQI/LPQIVES
Programmes. Lesson and discussions
About Course.

Electricity
2 1 generation and
consuming

Policies and
3 2 directives.

The wind power

4 3 role.

The evaluation
530 4 of wind
potential

Location
615 5 of
wind plants

Wind electrical
730 6 installations

The end of Final discussions.

830 seminar/
Questioner filling.
Confirmation of
module attendance.

www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83
 3

3 MODULE DETAILED PROGRAM

First day:
60 min. Participants registration
30 min. Course opening. LPQI/LPQIVES Programmes and information about Course.
90 min. Section 1: Worldwide electricity generation and consuming. Primary sources,
methods, evolution, trends. Brief historical.
- The worldwide energetic situation. The energetic situation in our country.
- The electricity generation in power plants and the environmental framing.
- Renewable power sources and resources. State of the art, worldwide, respectively in
our country.
- Comparisons with the conventional electricity generation.
- State of the art, in this field, worldwide, respectively in our country. Perspectives.
Modality: Lesson and discussions.
30 min. Coffee break
60 min. Section 2: EU policies and directives in the field of renewable power resources
utilization.
- EU legislation and directives in the field of power generation from renewable
power resources. WEC (World Energy Council) Declaration.
- The Electrical Energy Law and the national energetic strategy in the field of
power generation from renewable power resources.
Modality: Lesson.

60 min. Section 3: The Wind Power Role. Worldwide state of the art.
- Brief historical
- Wind energy state of the art, worldwide, respectively in our country. The actual
stage in the field of wind energy, as part of power systems. Perspectives.
Modality: Lesson and discussions.
Second day:
90 min. Section 4: The evaluation of wind potential
- Elements of wind turbine one-dimensional theory. The theory basis. The
influence of the high. Estimation of average power. Measurements.
- Probabilistic models. Statistical distributions.
- The statistical evaluation of the data obtained from the wind speed
measurements. Average speed. Cubicle average speed. Wind irregularity.
Average square deviation.
- Weibull distribution applying.
- Turbulence, blasts, extreme wind.
- The power developed by a wind installation. The aggregation of electrical
electricity generation. Capacity factor.
Modality: Lesson and discussions.

45 min Section 5: Location of wind of power plants.

- Location selection.
- Evaluation of generated energy/power.
- Practical aspects referable to the location selection
Modality: Lesson and discussions.
30 min. Coffee break

75 min. Section 6: Wind electrical installations

- Connection schemes of wind installations to electrical power networks.

www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83
 4

- Wind installation with constant speed, with asynchronous generator, directly

connected;
- Wind installation with variable speed, with asynchronous generator, with double
supplying.
- Wind installation with variable speed, with asynchronous generator, with phase-
wound rotor, based on OptiSlip concept.
- Wind installation with variable speed, with synchronous generator, connected by
converter.
Modality: Lesson.
60 min. Final discussions.
End of the module/course. User Satisfaction Questioners filling by the attendants.
Confirmation of attendance at module/course.

GENERAL NOTES:
- each day there will be coffee breaks, in the purpose of dividing the teaching periods in
sections not exceeding 2.5 hours;
- at the beginning of the module the lecturer will explain the module aims;
- at the end of the module/lessons, a user satisfaction survey will help the lecturer in
monitoring the module quality.

4 TEACHING METHODS
Teaching methods are summarized in three main moments:
− knowledge transfer (Lesson): topics exposure by the lecturer with the help of slides and
eventually other electronic tools (animations, data sheets, didactic movies…);
− deepening/learning verification (Discussion): general discussion stimulated by the lecturer
(also during the lesson) to verify knowledge transfer and to eventually deepen particular topics.
During all the sections, the lecturer will always attend, with teaching and/or activity coordination duty.

5 DIDACTIC MATERIAL AND TOOLS

The didactic tools which will be used by the lecturers will be:
− Blackboard;
− Video-projector;
− Pointer;
− Notebook.
The lecture room will be suitable to allow the use of all the above listed didactic tools
Each user will receive, during the registration, a folder containing:
− course program;
− lecture notes containing all or part of the lecture slides.
At the end of each lesson/section the lectures will perform a Test referring to the taught knowledge.
Some additional materials are available, as electronic form, at: http://www.lpqi.org
The folder will also include a user satisfaction questionnaire (which will be filled by attendants at
the end of the course)..

6 EXISTING KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS

Level
Topic
Basic Medium High
General energetics •
Statistic •
Electrical circuits •
Electrical power networks •
The environment protection •
www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83
 5

7 ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE
The knowledge acquired during the seminar/module should be sufficient for retention of basic
aspects referable to:
- Renewable power sources and resources. Comparison with conventional power sources.
- The EU policies and directives in the field of renewable power sources/resources utilization.
Policies at national level.
- The wind power role. State of the art, worldwide, respectively in our country;
- The evaluation of wind potential.
- Wind plants/parks location;
- Wind electrical installations.

www.lpqi.org
PARTNER NAME S.I.E.R.  internet address - www.sier.ro e-mail address: office@sier.ro  Address: Bdul Lacul Tei no.1, sector 2, Bucureşti  phone number + 0722.361.954 
Copyright ©SIER. fax number: + 021.610.52.83