APOLLO SOYUZ TEST PROJECT

USA - USSR
RELEASE NO:

74-196

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ASTf General

........... Command and Service Module . . . .

Vehicle

Docking Module and Docking 3ystern

Experiments

. ............ .......... Launch ..... Planned E s s i o n .

Summary.
U.S.

Space Vehicle Configuration

Crew Assignments

.........
..

ASTP Funding and Budget Request

...... Principal Investigators . . . . . . Astronaut Biographies . . . . . . .

ASTP Major C o n t r a c t o r s
Cosmonaut Biographies

.......

APOLLO SOYUZ TEST PROJECT

The Apollo Soyuz Test P r o j e c t (ASTP) i s a j o i n t endeavor of the United s a t e s and t h e Soviet Union as part of the agreement on cooperation i n space which President Nixon and Chairman Kosygin signed in Moscow in M y of 1972. Both countries have agreed t a develop a compatible rendezvous and docking systems which dl1 provide a basis f o r docking and rescue on future spacecraft of both nations, and t o conduct a joint experimental mixs i o n i n mid-1975 to rendezvous and dock a manned Apollo spacecraft w i t h a manned Soyus-type spacecraft t o test t h e s e docking systems in o r b i t . Each n a t i o n is separately developing docking systems based on a mutually agreeable single s e t o f i n t e r f a c e design specifications.
The major new U.S. program elements a r e t h e Docking Module and docking system necessary t o achieve compatibility af rendezvous and docking systems with t h e USSRdeveloped hardware to be used on a Soyuz spacecraft. The Docking Module and system together with an Apollo Command and Service Module (CSM) w i l l be launched on a Saturn I B launch vehicle. The Docking Module and the docking system w i l l be stowed in t h e spacecraft launch v e h i c l e a d a p t e r and ext,racted by t h e CSM while i n Earth orbit i n a m a n n e r similar to that used w i t h t h e Lunar Module on an Apollo lunar mission.

The ASTP mission will include t e s t i n g a compatible rendezvous system in o r b i t ; testing the compatible docking systems; verifying techniques for transfer of astronauts and cosmonauts; conducting experiments w h i l e docked and undecked; developing experience f o r t h e conduct of potent i a l j o i n t flights by U.S. and USSR spacecraft, i n c l u d i n g , i n case of necessity, rendering aid i n emergency s i t u a t i o n s .

Joint US/USSR working groups have been meeting on a scheduled basis t o review and agree on the technical and o p e r a t i o n a l aspects of t h e j o i n t project

APOLLO/SOYUZ
h

- TEST MISSION RADIO COMRlUNlCATlONS LINKS

ATS-F

-259.7
41 17 -2.5

MHz

MHz RANGING AND VOICE

2272.5 MHz AND

2106.4 MHz AND /OR

1
CJ

NASA HQ MA74-5308

ASTP

NEW COMPATIBLE DOCKING SYSTEM

ACTIVE DOCKING SYSTEM
PASSIVE WCKf NG SYSTEM

DY -WLIWTED

A T TENUATORS

UlCHES

NASA HQ MAJ3-5474

2-26-73

EXPERIMENTS AND ATS-F LOCATION SCHEMATIC

ZONE FORMING FUNGI (USSR1
SOFTX-RAYSURVEY
TRACK,NG

HIGH GAIN ANTENMA POWER AMPLIFIER

EARTH OBSERVATIONS

DOPPLER RECEIVER ANTENNA

NASA H Q M74-6705-0 REV. 4-25-74

Command and Service Module

The Apollo s p a c e c r a f t w i l l be a modified v e r s i o n of t h e Command and Service Moduf e ( C S M ) flown during t h e first several lunar l a n d i n g m i s s i o n s , Major CSM modifi-

c a t i o n s include provisions f o r experiments, a d d i t i o n a l propellant t a n k s for the reaction c o n t r o l system and t h e a d d i t i o n of controls and displays required for t h e proper operation of t h e Pocking Module and docking system.
Dockjng Module and Docking System

The Docking Module i s cylindrical, approximately 1 5 meters (about 5 f e e t ) in diameter and 3 meters (about . t 10 feet) i n length. I will serve as an a i r l c c k f o r t h e i n t e r n a l t r a n s f e r of crewmen between t h e d i f f e r e n t atmospheres o f t h e Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft. The Docking Module w i l l be equipped w i t h r a d i o and TV communications, a n t e n n a s , s t o r e d gases, heaters, and t h e displays and c o n t r o l s necessary f o r transfer o p e r a t i o n s . The Docking Module is designed t o handle t w o crewmen simultaneously. Hatches having c o n t r o l s on both sides will be installed at each end of t h e module. A universal docking system w i l l be l o c a t e d at t h e S o p a end of t h e module and tsill be capable of f u n c t i o n i n g w i t h similar components on t h e Soyuz-type s p a c e c r a f t . The Apollo end of t h e Docking Module w i l l use t h e probe and drogue docking system used d u r i n g t h e Apollo lunar program t o permit docking between the Command Module and Lunar Module.

In o r b i t , Apollo's atmosphere i s pure oxygen a t a pressure of five pounds per square inch. Soyuz uses a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen a t an E a r t h sea l e v e l (Latter NASA pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch. spacecraft such as t h e Space Shuttle will use nitrogenoxygen at sea l e v e l pressure, 9
While t h e spacecraft a r e docked, t h e Soyuz p r e s s u r e w i l l be reduced from its normal 14.7 pounds per square i n c h t o 10 pounds. This w i l l make it p o s s i b l e f o r crewmen to t r a n s f e r f r o m Soyuz to Apolla without taking t i m e i n t h e a i r l o c k t o breathe pure oxygen and f o r c e n i t r o g e n from t h e i r blood. Apollo pressure w i l l remain a t f i v e pounds

The Docking Module design emphasized low c o s t construct i o n made possible by t h e launch weight margin i n h e r e n t in t h e use of the S a t u r n I3 launch vehicle, Thick aluminum plate waa used r a t h e r than honeycomb, r e s u l t i n g in a considerable reduct i o n i n s t r u c t u r a l cost.
The Soviet Soyuz w i l l also be modifjed. One important m o d i f i c a t i o n w i l l . be t h e use of a compatible rendezvous and docking system which NASA and Soviet e n g i n e e ~ s r e designing. a T h i s system w i l l also be employed on t h e end of t h e Docking Module w i t h which Soyllz will dock.

Soyuz has been t h e primary Soviet manned spacecraft s i n c e i t s i n t r o d u c t i o n in 1967. It c o n s i s t s of three basic modules: Cb-bital module, located at t h e forward end, used by t h e crew for work and r e s t during o r b i t . It is 3.35 meters (7.3 feet ) in diameter, 2.65 meters ( 8 . 7 feet ) long, and weighs about 1,224 kg (2,700 pounds).
Descent module, with main c o n t r o l s and crew couches, used by c r e w during launch, descent, and landing. about 2,802 kg (6,200 pounds) and is 2.2 meters

Instrument module, at r e a r , w i t h subsystems required for power communications, propulsion, and other functions. It weighs 2,b54 kg (5,850 pounds) and i s 2.3 meters (7.5 f e e t ) long.
Experiments
W i n g t h e ASTP mission, t h e crew w i l l conduct important new s c i e n c e , applications, technology and medical experiments.
The science experiments s e l e c t e d for t h e mission include astronomical observations in a region of t h e electromagnetic spectrum which has not been systematically surveyed by sat ellit e instruments. The astronomical regions should s i g n i f i c a n t l y advance understanding o f some of t h e spectacular new classes of objects discovered i n t h e last few y e a r s (such as quasars, pulsars, and X-ray sources), and also provide important informat i o n on t h e n a t u r e of the i n t e r s t e l l a r medium. In a d d i t i o n , atmospheric observations w i l l be conducted using a new technique for measuring atmospheric c o n s t i t u e n t s which a r e t o o chemically r e a c t i v e t o measure d i r e c t l y w i t h a mass spectrometer. T h i s is a j o i n t experiment with t h e USSR and w i l l be accomplished by sending an o p t i c a l signal from t h e CSM t o a r e f l e c t o r on t h e Soyuz.

The s i g n a l w T l l be bounced back and scanned in t h e Apollo spacecraft t o study t h e e f f e c t s of t h e sun on atomic oxygen and n i t r o g e n at o r b i t a l a l t i t u d e s . These observations a r e important for a better understanding of t h e chemistry and the energy balance of t h e upper atmosphere. Data f r o m these experirnenbs could lead t o a better understanding of t h e e v o l u t i o n of s t a r s , of t h e emission processes which could lead t o new methods of energy generat i o n , and of t h e i n t e r a c t i o n of t h e upper and lower atmosphere where weat her is generated,

The experiments i n the field o f a p p l i c a t i o n s and technology w i l l i n v e s t i g a t e t h e space processing of new material samples in zero g r a v i t y utilizing an improved multipurpose furnace, and make earth observations t o determine d e t a i l e d gravity features and g e o l o g i c a l struct u r e s which could i n d i c a t e the presence of o i l and mineral deposits. Also included is an experiment fn electrophoren sis processing. A e l e c t r i c f i e l d is used t o separate l i v i n g c e l l s and o t h e r b i o l o g i c a l materials from a flowing medium without decreasing their a c t i v i t y , I is expected t to determine whether t h e near z e r o g r a v i t y conditions enhance a similar process now involved in work by t h e Max Planck I n s t i t u t e in Germany.
Successful demonstration by ASTP could lead t o further development of space e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s in Shuttle missions as a tool f o r medical r e s e a r c h and therapy and c o n t r i b u t e to such fields as immunology and cancer research.
The l i f e s c i e n c e s experiments i n c l u d e extension of work done i n the Apollo and Skylab programs, such as a d d i t i o n a l study of the phenomena of the cosmic l i g h t flashes observed by f l i g h t crews and s t u d i e s of the effects of zero g r a v i t y and r a d i a t i o n on organisms. Sbudies w i l l also be conducted on pre and post f l i g h t a s t r o n a u t blood samples t o determine, among o t h e r things, immunity r e t e n tion. There a r e also joint US/USSR life s c i e n c e experiments planned, such a s an experiment designed t o determine the degree of transfer of micro-organism and m i c r o f l o r a between crew members and t h e two s p a c e c r a f t involved i n t h i s mission. This experiment is designed to take advantage of a mission involving two spacecraft launched from widely separated ground environmen*~.

APOLLO/SOYUZ TEST PROJECT

LAUNCH CONFIGURATION FOR APOLLO CSM AND DOCKING MODULE

LAUNCH ESCAPE SYSTEM

ScAVlCE NoPlnE (9)

WCKI ffi ~ W L (Pr3 E

SPACECRAFT LAUNH AMPTER ISLA)

. UH OCl tA L P r n T STRUCTURE

SATUAll II W M VMIQE K

NASA

HQ MA734471
2-26-73

ASTP MAJOR APOLLO MODIFICATIONS

MODIFIED UMBILICAL TO ACCOMODATE DOCKING MODULE FUNCTIONS

m ADDED TELEVISION
CAMERA & RECORDER FOR COVERAGE QF JOINT ACTIVITIES

a MODIFIED CONTROLS AND DISPLAYS TO ACCOMPDATT NEW EQUIPMENT AND EXPERIMENTS

rn ADDED EQUIPMENT FOR COMM. AND TV VIA ATS-F SATELLITE

m ADDED HEATERS AND

INSULATION TO PROPELEANT SYSTEMS FOR SOLAR INERTIAL ATTITUDE

m ADDED PROPELlANT
STORAGE MODULE FOR INCREASED ATTITUDE CONTROL AND BACK-UP DEORBtT CAPABILITY
ADDED EXPERIMENTS IN CM & SM

a DELETED UNUSED MAIN

PROPELLANT TANKS

MODIFIED CM STOWAGE

m ADDED INTERVEHICULAR
INTEUCOMM. IN CM

ADDED VHF-FM AT USSR FREQUENCY IN GM

NASA H O MA73-6336 REV. 1-25-74

rn DELEf ED RENDEZVOUS RADAR TRANSPONDER FROM CUl

SOYUZ VEHICLE

ORBITAL MCDULE

DESCENT VEHICLE

Launch Vehicle

ASTP will u t i l i z e Apoll+Skylab Saturn IB Launch v e h i c l e hardware. The Saturn IB, consisting of an S I B stage, an S I V B stage, and an i n s t r u m e n t unit, w i l l launch t h e spaeec r a f t from the Kennedy Space Center.

Planned Mission Summary

The Soyuz w 5 l l be launched from t h e Baikonur, Kazakhstan launch complex at about 1220 GNT* on July 15, 1975, in a northeasterly d i r e c t i o n and is inserted i n t o a 188- by 228;km (117- by 142-statute mile) orbit a t an i n c l i n a t i o n of 51.8 On t h e f o u r t h o r b i t a f t e r Iff t - o f f t h e Soyuo will i n i t i a t e t h e first of t w o maneuvers t o circularize t h e orbit at 225 h ( 4 s t a t u t e miles). The second maneuver for circularization 10 w i l l occur on the 17th Soyuz o r b i t .

About; seven hours 30 minutes a f t e r Soyuz launch (1950 GMT), t h e Apollo w i l l be launched from the Kennedy Space Center i n a northeasterly direction and w i l l be i n s e r t e d i n t o a 150- by 167-#jm ((83- by 104-statute m i l e ) orbit w i t h an i n c l i n a t i o n of 51.8 About 1 hour a f t e r Apollo o r b i t i n s e r t i o n , t h e Apollo CSM will begin the t r a n s p o s i t i o n and docking procedure t o extract t h e Docking Module (DM) from t h e launch vehicle. The e x t r a c t i o n of the DM will be completed by 9 hours 1 . minutes 4 Soyuz, Ground Elapsed T i m e (GET). A evasive maneuver o f n 1 meter per second (raps) ( 3 . 3 f e e t p e r second) posigrade to avoid recontact w i t h the launch vehicle will raise apogee t o

about 167 l (lob s t a t u t e miles). a

The Apollo spacecraft w i l l perform a c i r c u l a r i a a t i o n maneuver at third apogee t o e s t a b l i s h a controlled Apollo rendezvous maneuver sequence. The rendezvous sequence establishes a standard geometry final approach t o t h e Soyuz spacecraft. The first phasiw maneuver ( N C P ) , which o c c u r s a t about 13 hours 12 minutes Soyuz GET, i s an in-plane, horizontal maneuver designed to a d j u s t t h e r a t e of change of t h e phase angle by changing t h e o r b i t a l period. If necessary, a plane change maneuver (NPC) w i l l be performed a f t e r NCl and before t h e second phasing maneuver t o place the Apollo in plane with t h e Soyuz at rendezvous. The plane change maneuver w i l l complete the first day of maneuver a c t i v i t i e s for each crew.

* Moscow t i m e is obtained by adding 3 hours t o Greenwich mean time. Eastern Standard T i m e i s obtained by s u b t r a c t i n g 5 hours from Greenwich mean t i m e .

The Say-ue c i r c u l a r i z a t i o n maneuver t o establish t h e f i n a l rendezvous and docking o r b i t w i l l occur on the 1 7 t h Soyuz o r b i t . Eight hours l a t e r , at about 32 hours 22 minutes, a nominally zero phasing c o r r e c t i o n maneuver (PCM) i s scheduled f o r t h e Apollo which would c o r r e c t f o r any phasing e r r o r s which might have occurred at N C 1 and at t h e Soyuz ~ L r c u l a r i z a t i o n maneuver, The second phasing maneuver ( N C ~ ) , at l+8 h o u r s 34 minutes Soyuz GET, is a n in-plane , h o r i z o n t a l maneuver t o ad just the altitude d i f f e r e n c e w i t h respect t o t h e Soyuz. Following NC2, t h e c o r r e c t i v e combination maneuver (NCC) is performed at 49 hours and 18 minutes Soyuz GET. The NCC maneuver c o n t r o l s t h e phasing, the differential a l t i t u d e , and the d i f f e r e n t i a l plane between the t w o spacecraft at t h e c o e l l i p t i c maneuver point. Finally, t h e c o e l l i p t i c maneuver (NSR), at 49 hours and 55 minutes Soyuz GET, establishes an o r b i t which maintains a near constant d i f fe r e n t i a l a l t i t u d e between t h e t w o spacecraft.
Docking w i l l o c c u r p r i o r t o darkness which is at The t i m e of docking on t h e 29th ApoZlo revolution i s approximately 5 1 hours 55 minutes Soyuz GET.

1645 GMT, d u r i n g t h e 36th Soyuz o r b i t .

The amount o f t i m e which w i l l be spent w t t h t h e Apollo docked t o t h e Soyuz i s approximately 2 days. After final undocking from the Soyuz ( f o l l o w i n g redocking exercises), at approximately 99 hours 15 minutes Soyus GET, the Apallo w i l l perform a 1 mps posigrade maneuver t o avoid recontact, after which each spacecraft will conduct independent activities. The Soyux will continue in o r b i t for approximately 43 hours a f t e r separation, landing at about 142 hours Soyuz GET in Kazakhstan. The Apollo w i l l continue i n orbit f o r approximately 6 days after separation, l a n d i n g i n t h e P a c i f i c Ocean near Hawaii.
U.S. Space Vehicle Configuration
The Saturn IB launch v e h i c l e , Apollo spacecraft, and o t h e r major hardware designed f o r t h e Apollo Soyuz Test P r o j e c t mission w i l l be as follows:

Designation Numbers
Configuration
Prime Back-up

First Stage
Second Stage Instrument U n i t

Designat ion Numbers

Prime Spacecraft L/V Adapter Docking Module Docking System Service Module Comand Module Launch Complex Back-up

Crew Assignments
The crew assignments f o r t h e ApoLLo Soyuz Test Proj e c t mission are:

Prime

Backup

Commander ( CDR ) Thomas P. Stafford A l a n L. Bean Command Module P i l o t (CMP) Vanee D m Brand Ron E Evans . Docking Module P i l o t ( D m ) Donald K. Slayton Jack R. Lousma
USSR Crew Assignment
Crew 1

Aleksey A. Leonov Valeriy N. Kubasov Anatoliy Filipchenko Nikolay Rukavishnikov

Crew

3 Vladimir Dzanibekov
B o r i s Andreyev

Crew 2

Crew 4.

Y u r i Romanenko Aleksander Ivanchenko

Apollo Soyuz Test Project Fundine and Budeet Reauest

Docking Module and dock in^ Experiments* Launch vehicle Launch operat ions Flight support and operat ions

Command and Service Module

$12,600,000 $32,300,000 $ 21,000,000 21,700,000 8,000,000 9,500,000 8,9OO,OOO 4,900,000 9,600,000

8,000,000 3,400,000 5,000,000 32,500,000 45,000,000 20,700,000

system

Total
*Re rogranrming w i l l i n c r e a s e t o t a l for experiments t o $19,000,000.

ASTP Major Contractors

Rockwell Irrt e r n a t i o n a l Space Division Downey , California
Command and Service Module, Docking Module, Docking System,
Spacecraft Support

Rockwell I n t e r n a t i o n a l Rocketdyne Division Canoga P a r k , California

General E l e c t r i c Company V a l l e y Forge Space Center

Saturn Engines and Support

P h i l a d e l p h i a , Pennsylvania

Automatic Checkout Equipment (ACE ) Support Launch Vehicle Ground Support Equipment
S I B Stage and Launch Support

Chrysler Corporation Space Division New m l e a n s , Louisiana

McDonnell Douglas Corporation Huntington Beach, California

S-IVB Stage and Launch Support

IBM Federal Systems Division Gaithersburg, Maryland

ILC Induskries Dover, Delaware

Instrument Unit and IU Launch Support

Space Suits R e l i a b i l i t y and Quality Assurance at JSC Launch Complex 39

The Boeing Company S e a t t l e , Washington

Xerox Corporation Rockville, Maryland

Digital Evaluator

Bendix Corporation Peterboro, New Jersey

ST-124 P l a t f o r m

Experiment

Contract or

Principal Investigator

MA-059 Ultra Violet Absorption

P r i n c i p a l I n v e s t i g a t o r Portion

University of P i t t s b u r g h Pitt s b w g h , Pennsylvania Naval Ordnance ~ystems/Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University Silver S p r i n g , Maryland Precision Lapping & O p t i c a l
Company Valley Stream, New Pork
Smithsonian I n s t i t u t i o n Air and Space Museum Washington, D.C.

MA-059 Ultra V i o l e t Absorption

Spectrometer , Hardware P o r t i o n

Dr. T. M. Donahue

MA-059 Ultra V i o l e t Absorption

R e t r o r e f l e c t o r , Array P o r t i o n

M-136 E a r t h Observation and

Photography

MA-083 Extreme Ultra Violet

Telescope

University of C a l i f o r n i a Berkeley, California Ball B r o t h e r s lUniversity of C a l i f o r n i a Berkeley, C a l i f o r n i a Ball B r o t h e r s

MA-088 Helium Glow

MA-089 Doppler Tracking

(Design Phase )

Dr.

Bowyer

Smithsonian h s t i t u t i o n Astrophysj c a l Observatory Cambridge, Massachusetts

. Dr. G. C Weiffenbach . . Dr. M D Grossi

MA-048 Soft X-ray

MA-106 Light Flash, Phase I

W a l Research Zaboratory Washington, D C. .

AEC/Lawrence Radiation Laboratory #Dr. C. A. Tobias I&. T F. Budinger . University of California Livermore, C a l i f o r n i a
Wescott

Dr. H FYiedrnan .

MA-017 B a r i u m Cloud (Design Phase) U n i ~ e r s i t yof Alaska Geophysical I n s t i t u t e Fairbanks, Alaska

Experiment

Contractor Science Center Rockwell I n t e r n a t i o n a l Thousand Oaks, California

Baylor College o f Medf cine Houston, Texas
Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
I

Principal Investigator

MA-028 Cryst a1 Growth

Dr. M D Lind . .

MA-031 Cellular Response

Dr. B Sue Criswell .

D r . R. Russell Martin

MA-032 PolymorphonucLear Leukocyte Response

AR-002 M i c r o b i a l Exchange

Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas

U n i v e r s i t y of Wyoming

Dr. Gerald R. Taylor

MA-007 S t r a t o s p h e r i c Aerosol
Measurement MA-011 E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s Technology

Dr. T J. Pepin .
Professor Kurt HannLg
P r o f e s s o r Horst Bucher

Laramie, Wyoming

M x Planck Institute a Munich, Germany

University of Frankfurt Frankfurt -on-Main, Germany

MA-107 B i o s t a c k

I
I

ASTP PRIME CREW

EEDUCATION
BIRTH
HFIGHT

I
I

USNh, BS OKLAHOMA CITY, HOM. 0s

_I

un n

OF

cokoRnoo, ~ . ? s r ,r a s u
UCLA. MBA

UHIY. OF MIHAESOTA. 951E

_I

EXPERIMENTAL T t S T PILOTS

E%PIRIMEMTdL ?'EST PILOTS

Allk SIGMA RU

BETA GAMMA SICMI

SEPTEMBER 1930 5 FT I f 5 LBS
g MAY la31 5 FT. 11 IU -. 175 LBS .
1 MARCH E924 5 I T 10 l l - 160 L E S . .

LPPROK. WEIGHT

ASTRONAUT BIOGRAPHIES

NAME:

Thomas P. Stafford (Brigadier General, U A ) SF Deputy D i r e c t or, F l i g h t Crew Operat i o n s

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE: Born September 17, 1930, i n Weatherford, Oklahoma. His mother, Mrs. Mary E l l e n S t a f f o r d , is a r e s i d e n t of Weatherf ord.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Black h a i r ; blue eyes; h e i g h t : weight: 175 pounds.

6 feet;

EDUCATION: Graduated from Weatherf erd High School, Weatherf ord, Oklahuma; received a Bachelor of Science degree f r ~ m t h e United S t a t e s Naval Academy i n 1952; recipient of an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Oklahoma City University i n 1967, an Honorary Doctorate of Laws. f r ~ m Western s a t e University College of Law i n 1969, a n Honorary Doctorate of Communications f r o m Emerson College in 1969, and an Honorary D o c t o r a t e of Acronautical Engineering from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in 1970.

MARITAL STATUS:
CHILDREN:

Married to the former Faye L. Shoemaker of Weatherf ord, Oklahoma. Her p a r e n t s , MF. and M s E a r l e E. r. Shoemaker, reside in Thomas, Oklahoma.
Dionne, J u l y 2, 1954; Karin, August 28, 1957.

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS: H i s hobbies include handball, weight l i f t i m , and swimming.

ORGANIZATIONS: Fellow of t h e American Astronautical Society and member of the Society of Experimental Test P i l o k s and t h e Explorers Club.

SPECIAL HONORS: Awarded t h e NASA Distinguished Service Medal, two NASA Exceptional Semi ce Medals, t h e JSC C e r t i f i c a t e of Commendation (19703, t h e Air Force Cormnand Pilot Astronaut Wings, and t h e Air Force Distinguished Flying Cross; and co-recipient of the A I A A Astronautics Award, the 1966 Harmon I n t e r n a t i o n a l Aviation Trophy, the National Academy of Television A r t s and Sciences Special Trustees Award (1969), and an Honorary Lifet i m e Membership in t h e h e r i can Federation of Radio and Television Artists.

EXPERIENCE:

Stafford, an A i r Force Brigadier General, was commissioned i n the United States A i r Force upon graduation from Annapolis. Following h i s f l i g h t training, he f l e w f i g h t e r interceptor aircraft i n t h e United S t a t e s and Germany and l a t e r attended t h e USAF Experimental Flight Test School at Edwards A i r Force Base, Calif ornja.

He was Chief of t h e P e r f orrnance Branch at t h e USAF Aerospace Research Pilot School at Edwards and responsible f o r t h e supervision and a d m i n i s t r a t i o n of t h e Flying curriculum f o r student t e s t p i l o t s . He was also an i n s t r u c t o r in flight test training and spec i a l i z e d academic subjects e s t a b l i s h i n g basic t e x t books and d i r e c t i n g t h e w r i t i n g of f l i g h t t e s t manuals f o r use by the staff and s t u d e n t s . He i s co-author of t h e Pilotr s Handbook for Performance F l i g h t Testing and t h e Aerodynamics Handbook f o r Performance F'light Test-

am

He has logged more than 6,268 hours f l y i n g time, which i n c l u d e s more than 5,100 hours in j e t a i r c r a f t .

CURRENT ASSIGNMENT:

General Stafford was s e l e c t e d a s an astronaut by NASA in September 1962. He served as backup p i l o t for t h e G e m i n i 3 f l i g h t ,
On December

1 5 , 1965, he and command pilot Walter M . S c h i r r a were launched into space on t h e history-making G e m i n i 6 mission which performed the first rendezvous i n space with the a l r e a d y o r b i t i n g Gemini 7 crew. Gemini 6 returned t o Earth on December 16, 1965, a f t e r 25 hours, 5 1 minutes, and 24 seconds o f flight.

% a f f o r d made h i s second flight a s command p i l o t of t h e Gemini 9 mission. During t h i s 3-day f l i g h t which began en June 3 , 1966, t h e crew performed three d i f f e r e n t types of rendezvous w i t h the previously launched Augmenmt;edTarget DockLng Adapter; and p i l o t Eugene Cernan logged t w o h o u r s and ten minutes outside the spacecraft in exbravehicular a c t i v i t i e s . The f l i g h t ended a f t e r 72 hours and 20 minutes with a p e r f e c t reentry and recovery as Gemini 9 landed within 0.4 nautical miles of the d e s i g n a t e d target p o i n t and 1.5 miles from the recovery ship USS Wasp. (This is t h e clasest e n t r y and touchdown o f any manned flight. )

Following Gemini 9 , S t a f f o r d served as backup commander f o r Apollo 7.

He was spacecraft commander of Apollo 10, May 18-26, 1969, t h e first comprehensive lunar- o r b i t a1 qualif ication and v e r i f i c a t i o n f l i g h t t e s t of an Apollo l u n a r module. Stafford w a s accompanied on the f l i g h t t o t h e Moon by John W Young (command module p i l o t ) and .

Eugene Cernan ( l u n a r module p i l o t ) . I n accomplishing a l l mission objectives, ApoElo 10 confirmed t h e operat i o n a l performance, stability, and reliability of the command/s ervice rnodule/lunar module c o n f i g t r a t ion during t r a n s l u n a r c o a s t , lunar orbit insertion, and lunar module s e p a r a t i o n and descent t o within 8 n a u t i c a l m i l e s of the l u n a r surface. The l a t t e r maneuver employed all but t h e final minutes of the technique prescribed f o r use i n a n actual lunar landing and permitted critical evaluations af t h e lunar module p r o p u l s i o n systems and rendezvous and landing radar devices during completion of the first rendezvous and re-docking maneuvers i n l u n a r o r b i t . In a d d i t i o n to demonstrating t h a t man could navigate s a f e l y and a c c u r a t e l y An the Moon*s g r a v i t a t i o n a l fields, ApolZo 10 phot ographed and mapped t e n t at i v e landing s i t es for f u t u r e missions.

In his t h r e e space f l i g h t s , S t a f f o r d has completed five rendezvous and logged 290 hours and 15 minutes in space.
As Chief of t h e Astronaut Office f r o m August 1969 through May 1971, he was responsible f o r the coordinat i o n , scheduling, and control of all a c t i v i t i e s involving NASA a s t r o n a u t s . Gen. S t a f f o r d was named Deputy D i r e c t o r of Flight Crew Operations i n June 1971. In this management c a p a c i t y , he assists in d i r e c t i n g t h e a c t i v i t i e s of t h e Astronaut O f f i c e , t h e Aircraft Operations O f f i c e , the F l i g h t Grew I n t e g r a t i o n Division, the Crew Training and Simulation D i v i s i o n , and the Crew Procedures Division.

Gen. S t a f f o r d w i l l command t h e United c r e w f o r the Apollo/Soyuz Test P r o j e c t

T ~ ~ ~ sh'6 P ) rnlgslon. P

NAME:

Vance DeVoe Brand (Mr. ) NASA Astronaut

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE: Born in Longmont , Colorado, May 9, 1931. H i s p a r e n t s , Dr. and m s . Rudolph W Brand, r e s i d e in . Longmont

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIOM:
EDUCATION:

11 i n c h e s ; weight:

Blond hair; gray eyes; height: 175 pounds.

5 feet

Graduated from Longmont High School, Longmont , Colorado; received a Bachelor of Science degree in Business from the U n i v e r s i t y of Colorado i n 1953, a Bachelor of Science degree i n Aeronautical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 1969, and a Master's degree i n Business Administration from the U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a a t Los AngeLes in 1964.

MARITAL STATUS: Married t o t h e former Joan Virginia Weninger of Chicago, Illinois. Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph D . Weninger, r e s i d e in Chicago.

CHILDREN: Susan N, A p r T l 30, 1954; Stephanie, August 6 , 1955; . P a t r i c k R., March 22, 1958; Kevin S, December 1, 1963, .

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS:
ORGANIZATIONS:

En j o y s running to stay in cendit ion, skin diving, s k i i n g , and canoeing.

Member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots , t h e h e r i can I n s t i t u t e of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sigma Nu, and Beta Gamma Sigma.

SPECIAL HONORS: JSC C e r t i f i c a t e of Commendation (1970) and NASA Exceptional Service Medal (1974).

EXPERIENCE: 1 Brand served as a c ~ m i s s i o n e do f f i c e r and nava =t o r w i t h t h e U.S. Marine Corps from 1953 T vla a t o 1957. H i s Marine Corps assignments included a 15-month t o u r in Japan as a j e t f i g h t e r p i l o t . Follawing release from a c t i v e duty, he continued i n Marine Corps Reserve and A i r National Guard f i g h t e r squadrons u n t i l 1964; and he still retains a commiss i o n i n the Air Force Resene.

Civilian. *om 1960 t o 1966, Brand was employed as a X v i l i a n by the Lockheed A i r c ~ a f tCorporation. He worked first as a f l i g h t t e s t engineer on t h e P3A wGrionfraircraft and later transferred t o t h e experimental In 1963, he graduated from t h e W S. . t e s t pilot ranks. Naval Test Pilot School and was assigned t o Palmdale, California, as an experimental t e s t p i l o t on Canadian

BRAND: 2
and German F-104 development p~ograms. Immediately p r i o r to h i s s e l e c t i o n to t h e astronaut program, Brand was assigned to t h e West German F-104G F l i g h t Test Center at Istres, France, as an experimental test pilot and leader of a Lockheed f l j g h t test advisory group

He has logged more than b9500 hours of f l y i n g t i m e , which include more than 3,670 hours in j e t s and 390 hours in h e l i c o p t e r s .

CURRENT ASSIGNMENT: Mr. Brand is one of t h e I9 a s t r o n a u t s selected by NASA in A p r i l 1966. He served as a crew
command module and was an astronaut support crewman for t h e Apollo 8 and 13 missions, He was t h e backup command module p i l o t for Apollo 15.

member f o r t h e thermal vacuum t e s t i n g of t h e prototype

Brand served as backup commander for t h e Skylab 3 and Skylab 4 missions.

Immediately following fulf illrnent of h i s Skylab assignments, he commenced t r a i n 2 n g as a prime crewman for the ApoLlo-Soyuz Test P r o j e c t (AsTP) mission.

NAME:

Donald K Slayton (Mr. ) . Direct or, Flight Crew Operat i o n s

Born March 1, 1924, in Sparta, Wisconsin.

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE:

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:
1 @

Brown h a i r ; blue eyes; height: inches; weight: 165 pounds.

5 feet

EDUCATION: Graduated from Sparta High School; received a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering from t h e University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1949; an Honorary Doctorate i n Science from Carthage College, Carthage, I l l i n o i s , i n 1961; and an Honorary Doctorate i n Engineering from Michigan Technological University, Houghton, E c h i g a n , in 1965.

MARITAL STATUS: Married t o t h e former Marjory Lunney of Los Angeles, California. Her p a r e n t s , M r . and Mrs. George Lunney, reside in Los Angeles.
CHILDREN:

Kent, April 8 , 1957.

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS: shooting

His hobbies a r e hunting, f i s h i n g , and

Associate fellow of the Society of Experiment a1 ORGANTZATIONS: Test Pilots (ASETP); fellow of t h e Ameri can A s t r o n a u t i c a l Society; member of t h e American I n s t i t u t e of Aeronautics and Astronautics, t h e Experimenta1 Aircraft Association, t h e Space Pioneers, and t h e Confederate Air Force; Life member of t h e @der of Daedalians and t h e National Rifle Association o f America; and honorary member of the American Fighter Aces Association.
SPECIAL HONORS: Awarded t w o NASA Distinguished ServL ce Medals and t h e NASA Exceptional Service Medal; the Collier Trophy; t h e SETP I ~ e n. Kinchloe A w d ; t h e C General Billy Mit chelZ Award; and t h e SETP J H D o o l i t t l e . . Award for 1972.

EXPERIENCE:

p l e t i n g flight training at Vernon and Waco, Texas. As a &25

Slayton entered the A i r Force as an aviation cadet and received his wings in April 1943 a f t e r com-

pilot w i t h t h e 340th Bombardment Group, he flew 56 combat missions in Europe. He returned t o the United S t a t e s i n mid-1944 a s a B-25 i n s t r u c t o r pilot at Columbia, South Carolina, and l a t e r s e w e d ~ t a h unit responsible f o r checking p i l o t proficiency in the

In April 1945, he was s e n t t o Okinawa with t h e 319th Bombardment Group and flew seven combat missions over Japan. He served as a B-25 i n s t r u c t o r for one y e a r f o l l o w i n g t h e end of the war and subsequently l e f b the Air Force t o enter t h e University of Minnesota.
B-26.
He became an aeronautical engineer a f t e r graduation and worked f o r two T e a r s w i t h t h e Boeim Aircraft Corporation at ~ e a t t l e ,Washington, bef&e being r e c a l l e d to a c t i v e duty i n 1951 with t h e Minnesota Ar National Guard. i

Upon r e p o r t i n g for duty, he was assigned as mainbenance f l i g h t test o f f i c e r of an F-51 squadron located in Minneapolis, followed by 18 months as a techntcal i n s p e c t o r at Headquarters Twelfth A i r Force, and a s i m i l a r t o u r as f i g h t e r pilot and maintenance officer with t h e 36th F i g h t e r Day Wing at B i t b u r g , Germany.

R e t u r n i n g to t h e United States in June 1955, he attended t h e USAF T e s t P i l o t School at Edwards Air Force Base, California. He was a test pilot t h e r e from January

1956 u n t i l April 1959 and p a r t i c i p a t e d in t h e t e s t i n g

of f i g h t e r airwaft, built for t h e United States Air Force and some f o r e i g n countries.

He has logged more than 5,000 hours flying t a e , Lncluding 3,000 hours in j e t aircraft.
C m N T ASSIGNMENT: M r . Slayton was named as one of t h e Mercwy astronauts in April 1959, He was m i g i n a l l y scheduled to p i l o t t h e Mercury-Atlas 7 mission but was relieved of this assignment due to a heart condit i o n which was discovered in August 1959, The MA-7 mission was subsequently flown by M, S c o t t Carpenter in May 1962.

Slayton became Coordfnator of Astronaut Artivities in September 1962 and was responsible for t h e operation of t h e Astronaut Office. I n November 1963, he resigned his commission as a n Air Force Major t o a s m e t h e role of D i r e c t o r of F l i g h t Crew Operations. In this capacity, he is responsible for directing the a c t i v i t i e s of t h e Astronaut Office, t h e A i r c r a f t Operations Office, t h e Flight Crew ~ n t e g r a t i o n Division, the Crew Training' and Sbnulation Division, and the Crew Procedures Division.

In W c h 1972, following a comprehenstve review of h i s medical status by NASAfs D i r e c t o r for Life Sciences and t h e Federal Aviation Agency, M r . Slayton was restored

Slayton: 3

to fill f l i g h t s t a t u s and c e r t i f i e d e l f g i b l e for future manned space f l i g h t s .

the

mll

Slaflon was named t o the United States f l i g h t crew f o r A ollo Soyuz T e s t P r o j e c t (ASTP) m&ssion, He

ge making

h i s first journey i n t o space.

NAME:

Alan L Bean (Captain, USN) . NASA Astronaut

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE: Born in Wheeler, Texas, on March 15, 1932. His parents, M r . and Eks. Arnold H Bean, . reside in h i s hometown Fort Worth, Texas.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:
EDUCATION:

Brown hair; h a z e l eyes; height: inches; weight: 155 pounds.

5 feet

Graduated from Paschal High School in F o r t Worth, Texas; received a Bachelor of Science d e g r e e in Aeron a u t i c a l Engineering from t h e University of Texas i n 1955; awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Texas Wesleyan College in 1972.

MARITAL STATUS: Married to t h e former Sue Ragsdale of Dallas, Texas; her p a r e n t s , M r . and Mrs. Edward B. Ragsdale, a r e r e s i d e n t s of that c i t y , CHILDREN: Clay A., 1963

December 18, 1955; Amy Sue, January 21,

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS:

He enjoys being with his two children, and h i s hobbies include reading, p a i n t i n g , swimming, and diving.

ORGANIZATIONS:

Fellow of t h e American Astronauti caL Society; member of t h e Society of Experimental Test Pilots.

SFECIAL HONORS: Awarded t w o NASA Distinguished Service Medals, t h e Navy Astronaut Wings and two Navy D i s tinguished Service Medals, r e c i p 2 e n t of t h e Rear Admiral W i l l i a m S. Parsons Award for S c i e n t i f i c and Technical Progress, t h e University of Texas Distinguished Alumnus Award and Distinguished Engineering Graduate Award, t h e Godfrey La Cabot Award, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Trustees Award, t h e Texas Press Association's Man of t h e Year Award f o r 1969, and t h e City of Chicago Gold Medal. EXPERIENCE: Bean, a Navy ROTC student at Texas, w a s commissioned upon graduation in 1955. Upon completing h i s f l i g h t t r a i n i n g , he was assigned to j e t Attack Squadron 44 in Jacksonville, F l o r i d a . After a foury e a r t o m of duty, he actended t h e Navy Test P i l o t School at t h e Naval A i r Test Center, P a t u e n t River, Maryland. After graduation he f l e w as a t e s t pilot all t y p e s of naval a i r c r a f t ( j e t , p r o p e l l e r , and h e l i c o p t e r He then attended t h e School of Aviation Safety models). at t h e University of Southern C a l i f o r n i a and was nexb assigned t o Attack Squadron 172 at C e c i l Field, Florida.

Bean: 2
During h i s career, Captain Bean has flown 27 types of m i l i t a r y a i r c r a f t as well as many c i v i l i a n airplanes. He has logged more than 4,744 hours flying t i m e including 3,923 h o u r s in j e t a i r c r a f t .

--

CURRENT ASSIGNMENT: Captain Bean was one of t h e t h i r d group of astronauts named by NASA in October 1963. He served a s backup command p i l o t f o r the Gemini 10 mission and as backup lunar module pilot for the Apollo 9 mission.

Captain Bean was lunar module p i l o t on Apollo 1 2 , man's second lunar landing, November 14-24, 1969. Capt a i n B e a n and Captain Conrad brought t h e j r l u n a r module t o a safe touchdown in t h e Moon's Ocean of Storms a f t e r a f l i g h t of some 250,000 miles t o w i t h i n 300 f e e t of their targeted landing point. They explored the lunar surface for a d i s t a n c e of about 1 m i l e and deployed several lunar surface experiments, i n s t a l l i n g the first nuclear power generator s t a t i o n on the Moon t o provide the power source. These long-term scient i f i c experiments continue i n operation today. Conrad and Bean t h e n i n s p e c t e d Surveyor 111, w h i c h had landed on the Moon some 30 months earlier, returning s e v e r a l parts t o E a r t h . Tboughout the Lunar s u r f a ~ estay by Conrad and Bean, Captain Richard Gordon remained in l u n a r orbit aboard t h e command module, photographing landing sites f o r future missions and other areas of s c i e n t i f i c interest.

--

Captain Bean was spacecraft commander of a Skylab miss i o n ( S L 3 ) , J d y 28 t o September 25, 1973. With him in t h e 59-day, 24,400,000-mile world record setting flight, were scientist-astronaut Dr. Owen K. G a r r i o t t and Marine Corps Lt. Colonel Jack R. Lousma. Mission I1 accomplished 15% of its pre-mission forecast goals. The crew r e t u r n e d t o E a r t h 77r600frames of film from 6 instruments recording t h e sun's a c t i v i t i e s , They a l s o acquired 16,000 photographs and 18 miles of magnetic tape documenting our E a r t h " resources. The c r e w completed 333 medical experiment runs, obtaining t h e first data on t h e e f f e c t s of weightlessness f o r

59

days.

Captain Bean has logged 1,671 hours and 45 m5nutes in space of which 10 hours and 26 minutes were spent in EVAs on t h e Moon and in Earth o r b i t .

Bean: 3
Captain Bean is now in training as backup spacecrafi commander of t h e United s a t e s f l i g h t mew for t h e j o i n t A m e r i can-Russian Apollo Soyuz Test Froj e c t ,

NAME:

Ronald E. Evans (Captain, USN)

NASA Astronaut

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE: Born November 10, 1933, in St. mancis, Kansas. His father, M r . Clarence E, Evans, l i v e s in Bird City, Kansas, and his mother, W s . Marie A Evans, . r e s i d e s in Topeka, Kansas.

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: B r m hair; brown eyes; height: 11 inches; weight t 160 pounds.
EI3UCATTON:

5 feet

Graduated from Highland Park High School in Topeka, Kansas; received a Bachelor of Science degree i n E l e c t r i c a l Engineering from t h e University of Kansas in 1956 and a Master of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering f r o m t h e U S . . Naval Postgraduate School in 1964~

MARITAL STATUS:

Married t o the former Jan Pollom of Topeka, Kansas; h e r p a r e n t s , M r . and Nrs. H a m y M PoTLom, . reside i n Sun City, Arizona.

CHILDREN: daughter), A u g u s t 21, 1959; Jon F. (son), Jaime m . October 9 , D19t i 1

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS: Hobbies include h u n t i n g , boating , s w 5 m m i n g , f i s h i n g , and golfing.

ORGANIZATIONS: Member of Tau Beta Pi, Society of Sigma Xi, and Sigrna Nu. SFECTAL HONORS:

Presented t h e NASA Distinguished Service Medal (1973), t h e Johnson Space Center Superior Achievement Award (1970); the Navy D i s t i n g u i s h e d Service Medal (1973), Navy Aseronaut Wings, e i g h t A i r medals, the Viet NBm Service Medal, and t h e Navy Commendation Medal w i t h combat distinguishing device (1966 ) ; t h e University o f Kansas Distinguished Semi ce C i t a t i o n (1973); Kansan of t h e Year (1972); and t h e Republic of Senegal's National Order of t h e LTon (1973).

EXPERIENCE:

When n o t i f i e d of h i s s e l e c t i o n t o t h e astronaut program, Evans was on sea duty in t h e P a c i f i c assigned t o VF-51 and f l y i n g F8 a i r c r a f t from t h e c a r r i e r USS Ticonderoga during a p e r i o d of seven months in V i e t Narn combat o p e r a t i o n s .

t h i s assignment, participated in t w o WESTPAC a i r c r a f t

He was a Combat Flight I n s t r u c t o r (F8 a i r c r a f t ) with VF-124 from January 1961 t o June 1962 and, p r i o r t o

c a r r i e r cruises while a pilot w i t h IF-142. In June 1957, he completed f l i g h t t r a i n i n g after receiving h i s

commission as an Ensign t l r o u g h t h e Navy ROTC Program at t h e University of Kansas.

T a t a l f l i g h t t i m e accrued during h i s m i l i t a r y career is 4,400 hours 4,000 hours in j e t a i r c r a f t .

CURRENT ASSIGNMENT: Captain Evans is one of t h e 19 astronauts e selected by NASA in A p r i l 1966. H served as a member of t h e astronaut support crews f o r t h e ApoLlo 7 and 11 f l i g h t s and as backup command module p i l o t for Apollo 14.

On h i s first journey i n t o space, Captain Evans occupied t h e command module p i l o t seat f o r Apollo 17 which cornmenced at 11:33 p.m. (CST), December 6 , 1972, and concluded on December 19, 1972 t h e l a s t scheduled manned mission t o t h e Moon for t h e United States. He was accompanied on t h i s voyage of t h e comand module nAmericaf*and the l u n a r module wChallelgerv by Eugene Cernan (spacecraft commander) and Harrison H ( ~ a c k ) . Schmitt (Lunar module p T l o t ). While Cernan and Schmitt completed t h e i r explorations of t h e Tawus-Littrow landing a r e a down on the l u n a r surface, Evans maintained a solo v i g i l in lunar orbit aboard t h e ttAmerica,w completing assigned work tasks which required visual g e o l o g i c a l observations, hand h e l d photography of s p e c i f i c t a r g e t s , and t h e c o n t s o l of cameras and o t h e r highly s o p h i s t i c a t e d s c i e n t i f i c equipment carried in t h e command module S m b a y . Evans later completed a 1-hour and 6-minute exbravehicular a c t i v i t y during t h e transearth c o a s t phase of t h e r e t u r n f l i g h t , successf u l l y r e t r i e v i n g t h r e e camera c a s s e t t e s and completing a personal i n s p e c t i o n of t h e equipment bay area. This last mission to t h e moon f o r t h e United S t a t e s broke several records set by previous f l i g h t s which include: longest manned lunar l a n d i n g f l i g h t (301 h o u r s , 5 1 minutes); Longest l u n a r s u r f a c e exbravehicular a c t i v i t i e s (22 hours and L, minutes ); largest lunar sample r e t u r n (an estimated 115 (249 l b s ) ); and longest t i m e in l u n a r orb3-t ( l k 7 ours, It-8 minutes). Apollo 17 ended w i t h a splashdown in t h e P a c i f i c Ocean approximately 0.4 mile from t h e t a r g e t p o i n t and 4.3 m i l e s from t h e prime recovery ship, t h e USS Ticonderoga.

--

"a

Evans : 3
Completing h i s first space f l i g h t , Captain Evans has logged 301 h o u r s and 5l minutes in space 1 hour and 6 minutes of which w e r e spent in extravehicular a c t i v i t y .

--

Evans is backup command module pilot f o r the Apolla Soyuz Test Project (AsTP) mission.

NAME:

Jack Robert Lousma (Lieutenant Colonel, PTSMC) NASA Astronaut Michigan.

BIRTHPLACE AND DATE:

Born February 2 9 , 1936, in Grand Rapids, H i s f a t h e r , M r . Jacob Lousma, r e s i d e s i n Jackson, K c h i g a n .

eyes;

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Blond hair; blue weight: 195 pounds.

height:

6 feet;

Attended Tappan Junior High School and Ann Arbor EDUCATION: High School i n Ann Arbor, Ytichigan; received a Bachelor of Science degree i n Aeronautical Engineering from t h e U n i v e r s i t y of Michigan i n 1959 and t h e degree of Aeron a u t i c a l Engineer fr a t h e U, S. Naval Postgraduate n School in 1965; presented an Honorary Doctorate of Astronautical Science from t h e University of Michigan

in 1973.
MARITAL STATUS: Married to t h e former Gratia Kay Smeltzer of A n n Arbor, Michigan. Her mother, M s Chester r. Sraeltzer, r e s i d e s i n B e a ~Lake, Michigan.

CHILDREN: Timothy J., December 22, 1963; Matthew O., 1966; Mary T , September 22, 196g. .

July 1&,

RECREATIONAL INTERESTS:

H i s an avid golfing enthusiast e and enjoys hunting and fishing.

ORGANIZATIONS: Member of the Society of the Sigma Xi, t h e University of Michigari *'Mu Club, and t h e Officersf Christian Fellowship.

SPECIAL HONORS: Awarded t h e Johnson Space Center C e r t i f i c a t e o f Commendation (1970) and t h e NASA Distinguished Service Medal (1973 ); presented the Navy Distinguished Service Medal and t h e Navy Astronaut Wings (1974)~ the City of Chicago Gold Medal (1974).
EXPERIEBCE: Lousma was assigned as a reconnaissance pilot w i t h VMCJ-2, 2nd MAW, a , Cherry Point, North Carolina, t before coming t o Houston and the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center.

He has been a Marine Corps Officer since 1959 and

received his wings i n 1960 after completing h i s traini n g at t h e U.S. Naval Air Training Command. He was then assigned t o 'JMA-224, 2nd MAW, as an a t t a c k pilot and later served with WlA-224, 1st MAW, at Iwakuni,
Japan.

H has logged 3,000 hours of f l i g h t t i m e e 2,800 hours in j e t a i r c r a f t and 200 hours in h e l i c o p t e r s .

CURREITT ASSIGNMEPJT: Z . Colonel Lousma is one of t h e 19 t e a s t r o n a u t s selected by NASA in April 1966. H served as a member of t h e astronaut support crews f o r t h e ApolLo 9 , 10, and 13 missions.

Lousma was pilot for Skylab ( S L 3 ) , July 28 t o September 25, 1973. With him on t h i s 5 S d a y f l i ht were Alan L. Bean (spacecraft commander and Owen K, G a r r i o t t (science-pilot ). S L 3 accomplished 150% of m a n y mission g o a l s while completing $58 r e v o l u t i o n s of t h e E a r t h and t r a v e l i n g some 2l+,l+OO,COO miles in E a r t h orbit. The c r e w i n s t a l l e d six replacement r a t e gyros used for attitude c o n t r o l of the s p a c e c r a f t and a twin pole sunshade used f o r thermal c o n t r o l , and repaired nine major experiment or o p e r a t i o n a l equipment it ems. They devoted 305 manhours t o extensive s o l a r observat i o n s from above t h e Earth?s atmosphere, which included viewing t w o major solar flares and numerous smaller f l a r e s and coronal t r a n s i e n t s . Also acquired and r e t u r n e d to E a r t h were 16,000 photographs and 18 m i k e s of magnetic tape documenting Earth resources observat i o n s of t h e 67 r e g i o n a l planning and development s i t e s , 34 ocean i n v e s t i g a t i o n s i t e s , 59 geological s i t e s , 22 continental w a t e r r e s o u r c e s sites, and 17 coastal zones, shoals, and bays. The crew completed 333 medical experiment performances and obtained valuable d a t a on t h e e f f e c t s of extended weightlessness on man. S L 3 ended wkth a P a c i f i c splashdown and recovery by t h e USS New @leans.

The c r e w of S L 3 logged 1,427 hours and 9 minutes each, s e t t i n g a new world record for a single mission, and Lousma also logged 11 hours and 2 minutes in t w o separate exbravehicular a c t i v i t i e s o u t s i d e t h e o r b i t a l workshop.

Lousma has been d e s i g n a t ed backup dockjng module pilot of t h e United S t a t e s f l i g h t crew for t h e Apollo Soyuz Test Fkoject (ASTP) mission.

COSMONAUT BIOGRAPHLES

Aleksey Arkhipovich Leonov is a Lieutenant Colonel in t h e Red i r ~ o r c e 3Oborn . 1934 in Listvayanka, Altay Way. H e attended the ~ h u k o v s k i ~ - ~ i l i~ n g i n e e r i G~cademy, - W e tar~ became a cosmonaut in 1960. Lt. Col. Leonov was the cop i l o t of Voskhod 2 i n 1965 and was the f i r s t man t o perform exbravehicular a c t L r i t y in space. He is c u r r e n t l y s l a t e d t o be t h e pilot for t h e j o i n t Apollo Soyuz T e s t Project in 1975. Lt Col. Leonov i s married and has one child.

Valeriy Nikolayevich Kubasw i s a civilian. H was born i n e V v ~ a n u a r 7, y 1935. In 1958 he graduated as mechanical engineer f o r aircraft b u i l d i n g .from che Moscow Aviation school, Mr. Kubasov received a of Science degree before becoming a cosmonaut i n 1967. He was t h e backup t e c h n i c a l s c i e n t i s t for Soyuz 5 and f l i g h t engineer on Soyuz 6 in 1969. Nr, Kubasov is c u r r e n t l y s l a t e d t o be flight engineer f o r t h e j o i n t Apollo Soyuz Test Project i n 1975. He i s married and has one c h i l d .

Anatoliy Vasilyevich Filipchenko is a Colonel in t h e Red Air P'orce, He was born i n Uavydovka village, Voronezh region, south of Moscow February 26, 1926. He f i n i s h e d w i t h honors from t h e Chuguyev Military School and in 1950 he graduated f r o m t h e Air Force Academy. He became a cosmonaut in 1963. Col. Filipchenko was the backup Comand p i l o t on Soyuz 4 and Comand pilot on Soyuz 7 in 1969, He is c u r r e n t l y s l a t e d t a be a member of t h e first backup crew f o r the joint Apollo Soyuz T e s t Project i n 1975. Col. Filipchenko i s married and has t w o c h i l d r e n .
NikoLay Nikolayevi ch Rukavishnikov i s a civilian. He was born in Tomsk, a c i t y in S i b e r i a on September 18, 1932. I n 1951 he joined the ~ b s c o wPhysics and Engineering Institute and graduated i n 1957. Mr. Rukavishnikov joined the cosmonaut unit i n January 1967. He was t h e t e s t engineer on Soyuz 10 i n 1971 and had been slated t o be t h e engineer of t h e Salyut s t a t i o n . Mr. Rukavishnikov i s c u r r e n t l y s l a t e d t o be a member of t h e first backup crew of the joint Apollo Soyuz Test Project in 1975. H e i s married and has one c h i l d .
was born In 1942 i n t h e South Kazakhstan region. H graduated e He f r o m t h e Higher Air School in 1965 as a pilot-engineer.

Vladimir Dzhanibekov i s a Major in t h e Red Air Force.

He

was e n r o l l e d in the Soviet cosmonauts~ detachment i n 1970, and has been named, along with Boris Andreyev, as a member of the second backup crew f o r t h e joint Apollo Soyuz Test Project.

Boris Andreyev is a civilian. H was b o ~ n n Moscow i n 1940. e i k t e r graduating from Moscow~smuman, Higher Technical School, he joined a design bureau in 1965. He has been in t h e cosmnautsf t r a i n i n g program s i n c e 1970, and was named a s a member of t h e second backup crew f o r t h e planned 1975 j o i n t Apollo Soyus T e s t P r o j e c t . The o t h e r member of this crew is t o be Major V l a d i m i r Dzhanibekov.

Y u r i Romanenko 5s a captain in t h e Red A i r Force. He was born In 1944 in t h e menburg region. I n 1966, he graduated from a h i g h e r school as a pilot-engineer. He was e n r o l l e d in t h e cosmonauts' detachment in 1970, and has been named, along w i t h Aleksander Ivanchenko, a s a member of t h e t h i r d backup crew for t h e 1975 Apolla Soyuz Test Project.
Aleksander Ivanchenko is a c i v i l i a n . He was born in 1940 in t h e town of lvanteyevka near Moscow, A f t e r graduating from t h e Moscow Aviation I n s t i t u t e , he joined a design bureau in 1964. He has been i n t h e cosmonauts~ detachment s i n c e 1970, and was named as a member of t h e t h i r d backup crew for t h e planned 1975 j o i n t Apollo Soyuz Test P r o j e c t . The other member of this crew is to be Captain Yuri Romanenko.