Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JAN 2006
A5-R3: STRUCTURED SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
NOTE:
1. There are TWO PARTS in this Module/Paper. PART ONE contains FOUR questions and
PART TWO contains FIVE questions.
2. PART ONE is to be answered in the TEAR-OFF ANSWER SHEET only, attached to the
question paper, as per the instructions contained therein. PART ONE is NOT to be
answered in the answer book.
3. Maximum time allotted for PART ONE is ONE HOUR. Answer book for PART TWO will be
supplied at the table when the answer sheet for PART ONE is returned. However,
candidates, who complete PART ONE earlier than one hour, can collect the answer book
for PART TWO immediately after handing over the answer sheet for PART ONE.
TOTAL TIME: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100
(PART ONE - 40; PART TWO - 60)
1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate one
and enter in the "tear-off" answer sheet attached to the question paper, following
instructions therein. (1 x 10)
2.1 DFD is used to represent the functional view of the application Domain.
2.2 Use Case Diagram Plays the same role in Object Oriented Analysis and Design that
Context Diagram plays in Structured Analysis and Design.
2.3 Changes made to an Information System to evolve its functionality to meet the changing
requirements are called corrective maintenance.
2.4 A database administrator is one who designs the database for an application.
2.5 All activities lying on critical path have slack time equal to zero.
2.6 In second normal form non-key attributes do not depend on other non-key data
elements.
h
2.7 PERT stands for Project Evaluation Review Tec nicu8.
2.8 UML consists of nine diagrams.
2.9 In order to maintain the software efficiently, the modules must have high coupling.
2.10 Data dictionary is a technique for writing process specifications.
3. Match words and phrases in column X with the closest related meaning! word(s)!phrase(s)
in column Y. Enter your selection in the "tear-off" answer sheet attached to the question
paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
X Y
3.1 Benefits that can be measured in Rupees and A. Computer system security
with certainity
3.2 The Repository of all data items B. Component Diagram
3.3 Data at rest C. Tangible Benefits
3.4 Disaster Recovery D. Data store
3.5 A diagram which shows the Architectu:al View E. Class Diagram
3.6 One of the concept used in Use case Diagram F. Cohesion
3.7 One of the technique to control the User G. Data dictionary
access
3.8 Extent to which modules are dependent on H. Temporal Cohesion
each other
3.9 Changing a system in response to I. Class
environmental changes
3.10 Part of relationship J. View
K. Coupling
L. Generalization
M. Configuration Management
N. Adaptive maintenance
O. Aggregation
P. Actor
I
4. Each statement below has a blank space to fit one of the word(s) or phrase(s) in
the list below. Enter your choice in the "tear-off" answer sheet attached to the
question paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
Page 4 of 6
1
PART TWO
(Answer any FOUR questions)
5.
a} What are the different stages of object oriented development life cycle?
b) Define a system. What are its characteristics?
c} What are the three views of modelling? Explain briefly their purpose and also name the
models used to represent these views.
(6+4+5)
6.
a} Explain the purpose of making decisions tree and decision tables. Why do we record
data descriptions?
b) An Art Gallery is the business of buying and selling paintings. Artists can register with the
gallery for selling their Paintings by paying a nominal amount. Whenever artists approach
the Gallery for registration. Gallery checks the past auction records to know about the
artist's standing. If satisfied, artist is given a registration code. In case artist is a new artist
he is given six months temporary registration code to prove himself failing to which his
registration is cancelled. Paintings can be classified as masterpiece, masterwork and other
paintings. They can be also categorized as landscape, portrait spiritual etc. For every
painting to be sold, its title, date of work, artist name, medium used, size, classification,
expected price by the artist and target selling price are recorded. Once the painting is sold,
status is changed to sold. Every three months, payments to be made to various artists are
computed and cheques are dispatched. Gallery also maintains the record of customers
who visit the gallery. Based on their past purchases, customers are also offered discounts.
Customers also record their liking for the artists so that Gallery can contact them when
paintings by those artists are available. Gallery also keeps updating the auction records.
Gallery also gives its exhibition hall Oll rent to the customers for holding exhibition.
For these requirements draw a Context Diagram.
c) What is quality assurance? What factors determine quality of a system?
(6+5+4)
7.
a) Write the names of diagrams used by UML.
b) Explain the functions of Transaction Processing System, Decision Support System and
Expert System.
c) Write the basic principles of successful systems.
(3+7+5)
8.
a) Explain the methods of interacting while designing Human Computer Interface.
b) A module of an Employee Management System computes salary of the employees.
Each employee can have status .Qr worker, instructor or manager. Each of these is given
fixed salary per week. However if the employees work more than 40 hours per week, they
are given fixed salary plus extra money per hours as per following rate.
Worker - Rs. 100
Manager - RS.200
Instructor - Rs. 150
In case an employee works more than ':'0 hours in a week he also given an additional
allowance of Rs. 1000. Prepare a decisicn table to show the logic of the module.
NOTE:
1. There are TWO PARTS in this Module/paper. PART ONE contains FOUR questions and
PART TWO contains FOUR questions.
3. Maximum time allotted for PART ONE is ONE HOUR. Answer book for PART TWO will be
supplied at the table when the answer sheet for PART ONE is returned. However,
candidates who complete PART ONE earlier than one hour, can collect the answer book for
PART TWO immediately after handing over the answer sheet for PART ONE.
TOTAL TIME: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100
(PART ONE-40; PART TWO – 60)
PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)
1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate
one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following
instructions therein. (1 x 10)
1.2 Which of the following is a true statement regarding the SDLC phases?
A) The SDLC is not iterative.
B) The life cycle is always a sequentially ordered set of phases.
C) It is not possible to complete some activities in one phase in parallel with those of
another phase.
D) The life cycle may be thought of as a circular process in which the end of the useful
life of one system leads to the beginning of another project to develop a new version
of or replace an existing system.
1.3 When comparing a Gantt chart to a PERT chart, which of the following is a true statement:
A) A Gantt. Chart is best used for determining the critical path.
B) PERT charts are only used for simple projects
C) PERT charts are the most common charts used in Information Systems projects and
show the timeline better than other charts.
D) Gantt charts are the most common charts used in Information Systems projects.
1.4 A critical path refers to
A) a sequence of activities whose order and durations have no direct impact on meeting
a project’s completion deadline.
B) a sequence of activities whose duration cannot last more than 40% of the time
allotted to the project.
C) a sequence of activities whose order and durations directly affect the completion date
of a project.
D) a sequence of activities whose order must be performed in parallel
1.5 The phase of System Development associated with creation of test data is
A) System analysis
B) Physical design
C) System acceptance
D) Logical design
1.6 Software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems development
process defines
A) CAM
B) CASE
C) NOS
D) Gantt
1.7 Which of the following would most likely not be an example of an attribute?
A) employee name
B) customer address
C) stock number
D) cancel appointment
2.1 During the needs analysis phase, developers must determine what problems exist with the
current system, then decide whether to proceed with development.
2.2 BPA involves greater risks than Reengineering.
2.3 In the development phase of the SDLC, programmers either create software from scratch or
purchase commercially available software.
2.4 The names of data stores on primitive-level data flow diagrams often correspond to the
names of data entities in entity-relationship diagrams.
2.5 Joint Application Design and prototyping can help keep the analysis effort at a minimum yet
still effective.
2.6 The diagram that shows the scope of the system, indicating what elements are inside and
which are outside the system, is called a level-2 diagram.
2.7 Sometimes the systems development life cycle is iterative.
2.8 A PERT diagram shows how tasks must be ordered and when an activity should begin and
end.
2.9 Coupling is the extent to which subsystems depend on each other.
2.10 Process, logic and data model descriptions of a system must be consistent and complete
since they are prepared during the analysis phase.
3. Match words and phrases in column X with the closest related meaning/
word(s)/phrases in column Y. Enter your selection in the “tear-off” answer sheet
attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
X Y
3.1 A collection of those places where we keep all A. Application data model
documentation associated with the application and
project
3.2 A model that identifies only the most fundamental of B. Systems life cycle
entities
3.3 A study phase model that includes only entities C. GUI
relationships, but not attributes
3.4 The four stage process of creation, startup, maturity, D. TUFP
and decline of systems
3.5 Automation of entire System Development process E. Enterprise data model
3.6 It can be used to track the tasks of a project when F. Real time System
task time estimates are fairly uncertain
3.7 Methodology where cost of new system equals cost G. A repository
of old
3.8 Airline ticketing is an example of H. Structure Chart
3.9 Module eleven technique I. PERT Chart
3.10 Hierarchical relationship between modules of a J. Context data model
system
K. CASE Tools
L. Breakeven analysis
M. Presentation chart
N. Check Digit
4. Each statement below has blank space to fit one of the word(s) or phrases in the list
below. Enter your choice in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question
paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
5.
a) Define what is a system? List the players involved in a typical systems development project.
b) Describe the role of a system analyst in a system development project.
(9+6)
6.
a) List 5 key principles of system development.
b) What is the difference between the SDLC and a methodology?
c) Draw a structure chart to represent the following:
A invokes B, then conditionally invokes C, then repeatedly iterates D.
B selects E or G.
C is not decomposed any further.
D is a sequence of F and G.
E, F and G are not decomposed any further.
(3x5)
7. An association oversees a swimming lessons program in the city of Delhi. Seven course
levels are offered: Level 1 is for beginners (usually 4-7 years old) and Level 7 is advanced.
Swimmers move to the next level when they pass a series of tests that are geared toward
the level (e.g., front crawl for 30 feet). Courses are offered three times during the summer
and monsoon in the spring season. Parents register their children by submitting a registration
form(s) and a payment. The registration form contains the name of the child and the desired
classes(s) and times. A parent may sign up a child for more than one course and time as
long as the classes are not during the same time period. For example, a parent may sign up
a child for level 2 in the first summer session, level 3 in the second summer session, and
level 4 in the monsoon. A parent may submit more than one registration form per payment:
One form per child. Draw a DFD to represent the registration process.
(15)
8.
a) Compare and contrast the modeling of data and behaviors in the traditional versus the
object-oriented approach.
b) Management Information Systems should facilitate decision making at all levels of
management; each level requires information with different characteristics, and with differing
degrees of probability. Your are required to:
i) compare, briefly, the characteristics of information used in strategic planning with
those required for operational control and
ii) discuss the features of deterministic, probabilistic and adaptive systems. Give a
practical example of each type of system.
(6+9)
NOTE:
1. There are TWO PARTS in this Module/paper. PART ONE contains FOUR questions and
PART TWO contains FOUR questions.
3. Maximum time allotted for PART ONE is ONE HOUR. Answer book for PART TWO will be
supplied at the table when the answer sheet for PART ONE is returned. However,
candidates who complete PART ONE earlier than one hour, can collect the answer book for
PART TWO immediately after handing over the answer sheet for PART ONE.
TOTAL TIME: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100
(PART ONE-40; PART TWO – 60)
PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)
1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate
one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following
instructions therein. (1 x 10)
1.1 Which of the following is not a named phase in the systems development life cycle?
A) Need Analysis
B) Development
C) Testing
D) Maintenance
1.3 This is another name for a working model that demonstrates how part of an information
system works.
A) CASE tool
B) Prototype
C) Data flow diagram
D) Decision Tree
1.4 This can be used to track the tasks of a project when the esimationoftask time are firly
uncertain.
A) PERT
B) TUFP
C) DFD
D) CASE tools
A5-R3 Page 1 of 7
1.5 The information gathering technique that enables the analyst to collect facts and options
from a wide range of geographically dispersed people quickly and with the least expense is
the
A) Document analysis
B) Interview
C) JAD session
D) Questionnaire
1.7 When comparing a Gantt chart to a PERT chart, which of the following is a true statement:
A) A Gantt Chart is best used for determining the critical path.
B) PERT charts are only used for simple projects.
C) PERT charts are the most common charts used in Information Systems projects and show
the timeline better than other charts.
D) Gantt charts are the most common charts used in Information Systems projects.
1.8 Which of the following is the most secure method of protecting sensitive data during
transmission over a network?
A) public key encryption
B) private key encryption
C) access control matrix
D) parity check
1.9 All of the following are stages in the systems life cycle EXCEPT:
A) creation
B) startup
C) change
D) maturity
A5-R3 Page 2 of 7
2. Each statement below is either TRUE or FALSE. Choose the most appropriate one and
ENTER in the “tear-off” sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions
therein. (1 x 10)
2.1 To create an information system, developers follow a set of steps, called the systems
development planning process.
2.2 In bottom-up design, developers start with the large picture and move to the details.
2.3 CASE tools can help developers create computer software quickly and reliably.
2.4 Adding staff to a project to shorten the project’s length is usually a wise move, because
adding staff normally translates into increased productivity.
2.5 In the development phase of the SDLC, programmers either create software from scratch or
purchase commercially available software.
2.6 During the needs analysis phase, developers must determine what problems exist with the
current system, then decide whether to proceed with development.
2.7 In a data flow diagram, arrows are used to represent data stores.
2.8 The system development lifecycle describes the temporal, causal and I/O relationships
among the processes of the organization studied.
2.9 Participants at a Joint Application Development (JAD) workshop meeting identify system
requirements.
2.10 An entity in an ER diagram is basically the same as an entity in a DFD, the only difference
being that in the former it stores data and in the latter it processes data.
A5-R3 Page 3 of 7
3. Match words and phrases in column X with the closest related meaning/
word(s)/phrases in column Y. Enter your selection in the “tear-off” answer sheet
attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
X Y
3.1 In ER modeling, entities are depicted using A. Data Dictionary
3.2 A repository of information about a database that B. Triangles
documents data elements of a database
3.3 An important security feature C. DBMS
3.4 A diagram which depicts the flow of data in different D. LAN
elements of the system
3.5 The name for tools that support high-level program E. Rectangles
development
3.6 A complete software facility of building, maintaining F. CASE
and generating reports from a database.
3.7 A display using icons and other graphical images G. Encryption
rather than typed lines of text.
3.8 The lowest layer of the OSI reference model. H. Document
A5-R3 Page 4 of 7
4. Each statement below has blank space to fit one of the word(s) or phrases in the list
below. Enter your choice in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question
paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
4.1 The extent to which a system or a subsystem performs a single functions called
__________.
4.2 A phase of the SDLC in which all functional features of the system chosen fro development
are described independently of any computer platform is called __________.
4.3 Tools designed to support the implementation and maintenance phases of the SDLC are
called __________.
4.4 Alternatives must be considered at many levels in the SDLC. When considering alternatives
in scope, a good visual model to use is __________.
4.5 The analysis strategy that results in the existing business processes being left essentially the
same, but with a new system that makes them more efficient is __________.
4.6 During an interview, the following question is asked: “How many times during a typical week
does a customer complain about inadequate service following a sale?” This question is an
example of a(n) __________ question.
4.7 _____________ is a computer-based test procedure which determines whether all logic
paths in a computer program have been traversed.
4.8 A device to measure or detect fingerprints or signatures in called a(n) _______ device.
4.9 ________ is a standard object-oriented language for describing system requirements,
analysis and design phase.
4.10 The structural or object model is represented in UML primarily with _______________
Diagrams.
A5-R3 Page 5 of 7
PART TWO
(Answer any four questions)
5.
a) What is the SDLC? Name each of the phases that make-up the SDLC and clearly indicate
the sequence in which the phases must be performed.
b) List the activities necessary to complete the study phase of the project.
c) Name three modeling techniques that may be used in the definition phase of a system.
(8+4+3)
6.
a) The Video Rentals and Sales (VRS) company rents and sells videos to customers, and
wants to computerize its operations. It wants the new system to do everything the current
system does, which is a follows:
• In the current system all customers must be registered in the customer file.
• New customers must provide identification, name, address, telephone, etc., and is
entered in their customer record in the customer file.
• Videos are rented and the rental is recorded in the rental file and a fee charges.
• Returned videos are checked-in and the rental file is updated.
• Customers who are late are contacted by telephone.
• All video sales are recorded.
• The system produces sales and rentals reports for management.
• All cash from rentals and sales is passed to the Accountant along with a daily
Rentals/Sales Report.
• Customers are sent a Monthly Bonus Letter.
• Customers are sent an Annual Bonus Letter.
• VRS purchases all its videos from a Supplier and passes the invoices to the Accountant
for payment.
b) Why should you develop both logical and physical DFDs for systems? What advantage is
there for drawing a logical DFD before a physical DFD for the information system discussed
in Part a) above.
(9+6)
7.
a) What are CASE tools used for? What is the purpose of:
i) upper-CASE tools
ii) lower-CASE tools
b) Name techniques for validating system requirements.
c) What are the main principles used in designing forms for data entry?
(6+4+5)
A5-R3 Page 6 of 7
8.
a) Describe the salient features of IIML? Discuss its use of dynamic modeling of a system.
b) The sales staff of a Jewelry Retailer is divided into commissioned salespersons and salaried
salespersons. A commissioned sales person receives 7% commission on every sale greater
than or equal to Rs.10, 000.00; receives 5% commission on every sale greater than or equal
to Rs.1, 000.00 and less than Rs. 10, 000.00 and receives 2% commission on every sale
less than Rs.1, 000.00. A salaried salesperson receives a Rs.700.00 bonus for cumulative
sales greater than or equal to Rs.10, 000.00; receives a Rs.50.00 bonus for cumulative sales
greater than or equal to Rs.1, 000.00 and less than Rs.1, 000.00, and receives no bonus for
sales less than Rs. 1, 000.00
From the above description develop a class diagram for the system.
(7+8)
A5-R3 Page 7 of 7
A5-R3: STRUCTURED SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
NOTE:
1. There are TWO PARTS in this Module/paper. PART ONE contains FOUR questions and
PART TWO contains FOUR questions.
3. Maximum time allotted for PART ONE is ONE HOUR. Answer book for PART TWO will be
supplied at the table when the answer sheet for PART ONE is returned. However,
candidates who complete PART ONE earlier than one hour, can collect the answer book for
PART TWO immediately after handing over the answer sheet for PART ONE.
TOTAL TIME: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100
(PART ONE-40; PART TWO – 60)
PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)
1. Each question below gives a multiple choice of answers. Choose the most appropriate
one and enter in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question paper, following
instructions therein. (1 x 10)
1.4 A medium of transporting the output of a system to the input of another is a (an):
A) Boundary
B) Countermeasure
C) Feedback
D) Interface
A5-R3 Page 1 of 7
1.6 The data-flow diagrams, an originator or receiver of data is usually designated by:
A) A square box
B) A circle
C) A rectangle
D) An arrow
1.7 Which of the following tools are not used in modeling the new system?
A) Decision tables
B) Data dictionary
C) Data-flows diagrams
D) All of the above
1.8 The process at the most detailed level of the data-flow diagrams are called:
A) Functional primitives
B) Transform descriptions
C) Data flows
D) Interfaces
1.9 Which of the following is a true statement regarding the SDLC phases?
A) The SDLC is not iterative
B) The life cycle is always a sequentially ordered set of phases
C) It is not possible to completed some activities in one phase in parallel with those of another
phase
D) The life cycle may be though of as a circular process
1.10 What information gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of situation rather
than listen to others describe it?
A) document analysis
B) interviewing
C) Joint Application Design (JAD) Sessions
D) questionnaires
2. Each statement below is either TRUE or FALSE. Choose the most appropriate one and
ENTER in the “tear-off” sheet attached to the question paper, following instructions
therein. (1 x 10)
2.1 A system is an organized way of achieving a goal without any consideration of the people
involved.
2.2 A critical path refers to a sequence of activities whose order and durations gave no direct
impact on meeting a projects completion deadline.
2.3 The feasibility committee is responsible for devising a plan to implement both the new
computer hardware and the proposed system.
2.4 Once a new system is completed, no subsequent evaluation of its performance is
undertaken.
2.5 The limits check is a procedural control.
2.6 Greater risk is associated with direct conversion than with phased conversion.
2.7 The post-implementation evaluation is normally conducted one year after system
implementation.
2.8 The success of an software project depends entirely on its quality as viewed by users.
2.9 CASE are software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems
development process.
2.10 A parallel run involves the concurrent operation of the existing system and the new system.
A5-R3 Page 2 of 7
3. Match words and phrases in column X with the closest related meaning/
word(s)/phrases in column Y. Enter your selection in the “tear-off” answer sheet
attached to the question paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
X Y
3.1 User testing of a completed information system using A. Closed System
real data in the real user environment
3.2 The search for the implementation of radical changes in B. Alpha testing
business process to achieves breakthrough
improvements in products and services
3.3 A system that is cut off from its environments and does C. Object Diagram
not interact with it
3.4 A picture of the movement of data between external D. Business process Re-
entities and processes and data stores within a system engineering
3.5 A graph of instances that are compatible with a given E. DFD
class diagram
3.6 A diagram that depicts project tasks and their F. Protyping
relationships
3.7 The traditional methodology used to develop, maintain G. PERT Chart
and replace information systems.
3.8 An iterative process of systems development in which H. Project
requirements are converted to a working system that is
continually revised through close work between an
analyst and user
A5-R3 Page 3 of 7
4. Each statement below has blank space to fit one of the word(s) or phrases in the list
below. Enter your choice in the “tear-off” answer sheet attached to the question
paper, following instructions therein. (1 x 10)
4.1 The __________ is the area that separates one system from another.
4.5 __________ is the process of converting complex data structures into simple, stable data
structures.
4.6 Under the __________ concept, the system is defined in terms of inputs and outputs rather
than in terms of how the system effects a transformation.
4.8 A(n) __________ is a hierarchical diagram showing the relationship between various
program modules.
4.9 Decision table and decision trees are alternative tools for defining data processes, but
__________ are easier for most people for understand.
A5-R3 Page 4 of 7
PART TWO
(Answer any four questions)
5.
a) Why do Businesses need Systems Analysts? What is a System Analyst?
b) Differentiate between the Management Information Systems and Decision Support Systems.
c) What are the various system users? Discuss the functionality of these users.
(4+4+7)
6.
a) What is systems analysis? What are the various strategies for systems analysis and problem
solving?
b) What is a data flow diagram? Why do systems analysts use data flow diagram?
(7+8)
7.
a) Define the following terms:
i) Candidate Key
ii) Primary Key
iii) Alternate Key
iv) Foreign Key
b) What are CASE tools used for? What is the purpose of
i) Upper Case Tools
ii) Lower Case Tools.
(8+7)
8.
a) What is Object Modeling? What are the system concepts for Object Modeling?
b) Discuss the Concept of Object /Class relationships.
(7+8)
A5-R3 Page 5 of 7
A5-R3: STRUCTURED SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
PART ONE
(Answer all the questions)
1.2 Prototype is a
A) Working model of the existing system
B) Mini-model of the existing system
C) Mini-model of the processed system
D) None of the above
1.3 Which one of the following is not an important characteristic of useful and effective
information?
A) Completeness
B) Timeliness
C) Economy
D) Accuracy
1.6 A starting point in the hardware design phase of a system design project is
A) Benchmarking
B) Preparation of a purchase contract
C) The determination of size and capacity requirements for the hardware
D) Calling quotations from hardware vendors
1.7 The most creative and challenging phase of the system life cycle is
A) Feasibility study
B) Maintenance
C) Design
D) None of the above
A5-R3 Page 6 of 7
1.8 The data base design activity deals with the design of the
A) Logical data base
B) Physical data base
C) Both A) & B)
D) None of the above
2. TRUE or FALSE
2.1 A phase in which physical system and computerized system both work is called as
parallel run.
2.2 Each data flow in the DFD has a corresponding entry in the data dictionary.
2.4 Structured decisions are programmable and unstructured decisions are judgmental.
2.8 Intangible costs are those that have financial values, which are not easily measured.
A5-R3 Page 7 of 7
X Y
4.1 _____________ testing is running the system with live data by the actual user.
4.2 Open systems interact with the ___________.
4.3 ___________ is an attempt to minimize complexity and make a program manageable by
subdividing it.
4.4 Managers performing strategic functions need _____________ information.
4.5 Digital signature is used in __________.
4.6 _________ testing must precede unit testing and system testing.
4.7 The __________ structuring specifies that an entity can have no more than one owning
entity.
4.8 In the testing phase of the SDLC, the first activity is ____________.
4.9 Where one has to process all the records in a file, the best file organization is
____________.
4.10 A HIPO chart is the __________ decomposition.
A5-R3 Page 8 of 7
PART TWO
(Answer any four questions)
A5-R3 Page 9 of 7