A SEMINAR PROJECT REPORT ON TOURISM

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF AWARD OF THE DIPLOMA OF POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT (SESSION 2010-2012) SUBMITTED TO: Ms. GEETNJALI GIRDHAR (Faculty of Management) SUBMITTED BY: JYOTI GUPTA

JK SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT KARNAL

(Approved by AICTE& Ministry of HRD)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Sukhvinder Singh, Roll No. 1030, has proceeded under the supervision his project Report on TOURISM Industry (Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of PGDM The work embodied in this report is original. He has completed all requirements of guidelines for Research Project and the work fit for evaluation. Signature of Supervision/Guide (with Seal) NAME DESIGNATION ORGANIZATION : : : Ms. Geetanjali Girdhar LECTURER JK INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY

Forwarded by Head/Director of Institute (With Signature name & Seal)

DECLARATION

I, JYOTI GUPTA, student of PGDM- Ist Semester, studying at JK SCHOOL OF

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, KARNAL hereby declare that the project report on TOURISM is the original work conducted by me.

The information and data given in the report is authentic to the best of my knowledge.

JYOTI GUPTA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In this present world of competition there is a race of existence in which those who are having will to come forward will succeed. I really wish to express my gratitude towards all those people who have helped me. I am really indebted to Ms. RAJ KUMARI, worthy Director, JK SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Karnal, for her kind hearted approach. I am also very thankful to Ms. GEETANJALI GIRDHAR for her timely guidance, supervision & encouragement that have helped me to get this golden opportunity and who provided me her expert advice, inspiration & moral support in spite of her busy schedule, has mainly provided my understanding of this research project. Last , but not the least, I say only this much that all are not to be mentioned but none is forgotten and I will like to extend my special thanks and gratitude to my parents who always encourage me in pursuit of excellence.

JYOTI GUPTA

CONTENTS

Sr. No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Introduction History Type of Tourism Impact of Tourism Swot analysis

PARTICULAR

PAGE NO.
6-7 8 9-10 11-12 13 14-17 18-19 20 21 21-22 23-24 25-26 27 28 29

Recent developments Growth Human right Advantages Disadvantages Benefits Government Revenue Problem Conclusion References

Introduction
Tourism is big business. It is one of the world's largest industries and in many regions the single largest source of investment and employment. While it does not have the same 'smokestack' image as the manufacturing industry, it is by no means environmentally benign, generating significant levels of pollution and consuming considerable amounts of natural resources. Europe is the worlds favourite tourist destination and so faces considerable challenges in making its tourist industry more environmentally friendly. One of the biggest beneficiaries of a more sustainable tourism industry will be the industry itself fewer people will want to visit a region where mass tourism has blighted the countryside and polluted the beaches Tourism is a vital source of income for many countries and it generates income through the consumption of goods and services by tourists, the taxes levied on businesses in the tourism industry, and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with tourism. Some of the services offered by these industries include transportation services such as cruise ships and taxis, accommodation services such as hotels, restaurants, bars, and entertainment venues, and other hospitality industry services such as spas and resorts. The tourism requires having some of disposable income, time off from work and other responsibilities, proper transportation and accommodation facilities and legal clearance for traveling. More than all, sufficient health condition during the course of travel is required. There are some countries which have legal restrictions on traveling abroad. Any projections of growth in tourism serve as an indication of the relative influence that each country will exercise in the future.

Tourism products have become one of the most traded items on the internet with the advent of e-commerce. Tourism products and services have been made available through intermediaries, apart from direct selling. Space tourism is expected to be launched in the first quarter of the 21st century and the technological improvement is likely to make it possible for air-ship hotels, based either on solar-powered airplanes or large dirigibles. There is also an underwater hotel project, such as Hydropolis in Dubai which is expected to be completed by December 2007. From the year 2000 onwards, there was stagnation for almost 3 years in World Tourism industry. But now again there is an exponential growth since few years and this boom is expected to continue till another decade.

Definition:
." In 1976 Tourism Society of England defined it as "Tourism is the temporary, shortterm movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes.

Theo bald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the Latin, 'tornare' and the Greek, 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; the movement around a central point or axis'. This meaning changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix ism is defined as 'an action or process; typical behavior or quality', while the suffix, ist denotes 'one that performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes ism and ist are combined, they suggest the action of movement around a circle. One can argue that a circle represents a starting point, which ultimately returns back to its beginning. Therefore, like a circle, a tour represents a journey in that it is a round-trip, i.e., the act of leaving and then returning to the original starting point, and therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a tourist."

History
Wealthy people have always travelled to distant parts of the world, to see great buildings, works of art, learn new languages, experience new cultures and to taste different cuisines. Long ago, at the time of the Roman Republic, places such as Baiae were popular coastal resorts for the rich. The word tourism was used by 1811 and tourist by 1840. In 1936, the League of Nations defined foreign tourist as "someone traveling abroad for at least twenty-four hours". Its successor, the United Nations, amended this definition in 1945, by including a maximum stay of six months. Leisure travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population. Initially, this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class. Cox & Kings was the first official travel company to be formed in 1758.

The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. In Nice, France, one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic resorts in continental Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic reflecting the dominance of English customers. Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer and winter. Places of such nature often visited are: Bali in Indonesia, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Malaysia, Mexico the various Polynesian tropical islands, Queensland in Australia, Thailand, and Florida, Hawaii and Puerto Rico in the United States.

Types of Tourism
All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting India as the ultimate tourist spot. The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in India is that India has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes that have been attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. The Indian government, in order to boost tourism of various kinds in India, has set up the Ministry of Tourism and Culture. This ministry recently launched a campaign called Incredible India! in order to encourage different types of tourism in India. The result was that in 2004, foreign tourists spent around US$ 15.4 billion during their trips to India. Being a country with tremendous diversity, India has a lot to offer in terms of tourism and related activities. The diversity that India is famous for, ensures that there is something to do for all tourists in India, no matter what their interests.

Adventure tourism
As a kind of tourism in India, adventure tourism has recently grown in India. This involves exploration of remote areas and exotic locales and engaging in various activities. For adventure tourism in India, tourists prefer to go for trekking to places like Ladakh, Sikkim, and Himalaya. Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir are popular for the skiing facilities they offer. Whitewater rafting is also catching on in India and tourists flock to places such as Uttranchal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh for this adrenalinpacked activity.

Wildlife tourism
India has a rich forest cover which has some beautiful and exotic species of wildlife some of which that are even endangered and very rare. This has boosted wildlife tourism in India. The places where a foreign tourist can go for wildlife tourism in India are the Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary, Keoladeo Ghana National Park, and Corbett National Park. 9

Medical tourism
Tourists from all over the world have been thronging India to avail themselves of costeffective but superior quality healthcare in terms of surgical procedures and general medical attention. There are several medical institutes in the country that cater to foreign patients and impart top-quality healthcare at a fraction of what it would have cost in developed nations such as USA and UK. It is expected that medical tourism in India will hold a value around US$ 2 billion by 2012. The city of Chennai attracts around 45% of medical tourists from foreign countries.

Pilgrimage tourism
India is famous for its temples and that is the reason that among the different kinds of tourism in India, pilgrimage tourism is increasing most rapidly. The various places for tourists to visit in India for pilgrimage are Vaishno Devi, Golden temple, Char Dham, and Mathura Vrindavan.

Eco tourism
Among the types of tourism in India, ecotourism have grown recently. Ecotourism entails the sustainable preservation of a naturally endowed area or region. This is becoming more and more significant for the ecological development of all regions that have tourist value. For ecotourism in India, tourists can go to places such as Kaziranga National Park, Gir National Park, and Kanha National Park.

Cultural tourism
India is known for its rich cultural heritage and an element of mysticism, which is why tourists come to India to experience it for themselves. The various fairs and festivals that tourists can visit in India are the Pushkar fair, Taj Mahotsav, and Suraj Kund mela. The types of tourism in India have grown and this has boosted the Indian economy. That it continues to grow efforts must be taken by the Indian government, so that the tourism sector can contribute more substantially to the nations GDP.

10

The Positive and Negative Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism

Socially tourism has a great influence on the host societies. Tourism can be both a source of international amity, peace and understanding and a destroyer and corrupter of indigenous cultures, a source of ecological destruction, an assault of peoples privacy, dignity,and authenticity. Here are possible positive effects of tourism: Developing positive attitudes towards each other Learning about each others culture and customs Reducing negative perceptions and stereotypes Developing friendships Developing pride, appreciation, understanding, respect, and tolerance for each others culture Increasing self-esteem of hosts and tourists Psychological satisfaction with interaction So, social contacts between tourists and local people may result in mutual appreciation, understanding,tolerance, awareness, learning, family bonding respect, and liking. Residents are educated about the outside world without leaving their homes, while their visitors significantly learn about a distinctive culture. Local communities are benefited through contribution by tourism to the improvement of the social infrastructure like schools, libraries, health care institutions, internet cafes, and so on. Besides, if local culture is the base for attracting tourists to the region, it helps to preserve the local traditions and handicrafts which maybe were on the link of the extinction. For example in Uzbekistan, particularly in such famous regions as Samarqand, Buhara, and Horezm tourists contribute significantly to the preservation of traditional handcrafting wood carving, hammered copper work, handmade silk and carpets, and of course to preservation and maintenance of architectural and historical monuments., Since Uzbekistan proclaimed its independence in 1991 many museums and monuments were renovated or opened to promote the national culture and traditions. Growing interest in

11

this culture makes the local people proud of their way of life. On the other side tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion. Claims of tourism as a vital force for peace are exaggerated. Indeed there is little evidence that tourism is drawing the world together (Robinson 1999). In this context economic and social impacts on the local community depend on how much of the incomes generated by tourists go to the host communities. In most allinclusive package tours more than 80% of travellers fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies, not to local businessmen and workers. On the other hand large hotel chain restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff for senior management positions, reventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit of their presence. Tourism has the power to affect cultural change. Successful development of a resource can lead to numerous negative impacts. Among these are overdevelopment, assimilation, conflict, and artificial reconstruction. While presenting a culture to tourists may help preserve the culture, it can also dilute or even destroy it. The point is to promote tourism in the region so that it would both give incomes and create respect for the local tradition and culture. There are also both negative and positive impacts of tourism on the local ecology. Tourism often grows into mass-tourism. It leads to the over consumption, pollution, and lack of resources. However, from the ecological point of view tourism is often more acceptable and preferable than any other industrial production, as it is environmentally friendlier. The problem is that it is not easy to change the traditional way of life of the local communities. It often creates pseudo conflicts. Undoubtedly in some regions or countries the alternative industries are even more harmful to the environment than tourism. Besides that in many countries of Asia and the Pacific, for example in Cook Islands, Samoa and others, tourism is the main source of income or the friendliest to the environment. It is at least better than chopping down the forests or destroying coral reefs.

12

Swot analysis
Strengths:
Very good and peaceful location They have their own beach COLVA which is major tourist attraction Good services toward customer Rates are much low as compared to their customer

Weakness:
Very far from airport, railway station and from the main city No major tourist spot nearby except colva beach

Opportunity:
As there is boon in tourisms so opportunity of capturing the market. Major brand Ramada all over the world Support from Kokan government tourisms department If they do more advertisement and promotion then chances of capturing more market shares.

Threat
Major competition from hotels like Leela, Taj, and holiday inn and Majorda beach resorts

13

Recent developments
There has been an upmarket trend in the tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common.] Tourists have high levels of disposable income, considerable leisure time, are well educated, and have sophisticated tastes. There is now a demand for better quality products, which has resulted in a fragmenting of the mass market for beach vacations; people want more specialized versions, quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays or niche market-targeted destination hotels. Tourists enjoying cocktails during a beach vacation in the Bahamas The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as jumbo jets, lowcost airlines and more accessible airports have made many types of tourism more affordable. WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time. There have also been changes in lifestyle, such as retiree-age people who sustain year round tourism. This is facilitated by internet sales of tourism products. Some sites have now started to offer dynamic packaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailormade package requested by the customer upon impulse. There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations, such as in Bali and several European cities. Also, on December 26, 2004, a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of lives were lost and many tourists died. This, together with the vast clean-up operation in place, has stopped or severely hampered tourism to the area. The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context, travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms

14

tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or locations visited by tourists.

Sustainable tourism
"Sustainable tourism is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems." (World Tourism Organization) Sustainable development implies "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987) Ecotourism Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is responsible travel to fragile, pristine, and usually protected areas that strives to be low impact and (often) small scale. It helps educate the traveler; provides funds for conservation; directly benefits the economic development and political empowerment of local communities; and fosters respect for different cultures and for human rights

Recession tourism
Recession tourism is a travel trend, which evolved by way of the world economic crisis. Identified by American entrepreneur Matt Landau (2007), recession tourism is defined by low-cost, high-value experiences taking place of once-popular generic retreats. Various recession tourism hotspots have seen business boom during the recession thanks to comparatively low costs of living and a slow world job market suggesting travelers are elongating trips where their money travels further.

Medical tourism
When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure, particularly in Southeast Asia, India, Eastern Europe and where there are different regulatory regimes, in relation to particular medical procedures (e.g. dentistry),

15

traveling to take advantage of the price or regulatory differences is often referred to as "medical tourism".

Educational tourism
Educational tourism developed, because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. In educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to learn about the culture, such as in Student Exchange Programs and Study Tours, or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment, such as in the International Practicum Training Program.

Creative tourism
Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism, since the early beginnings of tourism itself. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour, which saw the sons of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of mostly interactive, educational experiences. More recently, creative tourism has been given its own name by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards, who as members of the Association for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS), have directed a number of projects for the European Commission, including cultural and crafts tourism, known as sustainable tourism. They have defined "creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travelers in the culture of the host community, through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences. Meanwhile, the concept of creative tourism has been picked up by high-profile organizations such as UNESCO, who through the Creative Cities Network, have endorsed creative tourism as an engaged, authentic experience that promotes an active understanding of the specific cultural features of a place. More recently, creative tourism has gained popularity as a form of cultural tourism, drawing on active participation by travelers in the culture of the host communities they

16

visit. Several countries offer examples of this type of tourism development, including the United Kingdom, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Spain, Italy and New Zealand.

Dark tourism
One emerging area of special interest has been identified by Lennon and Foley (2000). As "dark" tourism. This type of tourism involves visits to "dark" sites, such as battlegrounds, scenes of horrific crimes or acts of genocide, for example: concentration camps. Dark tourism remains a small niche market, driven by varied motivations, such as mourning, remembrance, education, macabre curiosity or even entertainment. Its early origins are rooted in fairgrounds and medieval fairs.

Doom tourism
Also known as "Tourism of Doom," or "Last Chance Tourism" this emerging trend involves traveling to places that are environmentally or otherwise threatened (the ice caps of Mount Kilimanjaro, the melting glaciers of Patagonia, The coral of the Great Barrier Reef ) before it is too late. Identified by travel trade magazine Travel Age West editor-inchief Kenneth Shapiro in 2007 and later explored in The New York Times, this type of tourism is believed to be on the rise. Some see the trend as related to sustainable tourism or ecotourism due to the fact that a number of these tourist destinations are considered threatened by environmental factors such as global warming, over population or climate change. Others worry that travel to many of these threatened locations increases an individuals carbon footprint and only hastens problems threatened locations are already facing.

17

Growth

The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) forecasts that international tourism will continue growing at the average annual rate of 4 %. With the advent of e-commerce, tourism products have become one of the most traded items on the internet. Tourism products and services have been made available through intermediaries, although tourism providers (hotels, airlines, etc.) can sell their services directly. This has put pressure on intermediaries from both on-line and traditional shops. It has been suggested there is a strong correlation between tourism expenditure per capita and the degree to which countries play in the global context. Not only as a result of the important economic contribution of the tourism industry, but also as an indicator of the degree of confidence with which global citizens leverage the resources of the globe for the benefit of their local economies. This is why any projections of growth in tourism may serve as an indication of the relative influence that each country will exercise in the future. Space tourism is expected to "take off" in the first quarter of the 21st century, although compared with traditional destinations the number of tourists in orbit will remain low until technologies such as a space elevator make space travel cheap. Technological improvement is likely to make possible air-ship hotels, based either on solar-powered airplanes or large dirigibles. Underwater hotels, such as Hydropolis, expected to open in Dubai in 2009, will be built. On the ocean, tourists will be welcomed by ever larger cruise ships and perhaps floating cities

18

Since the late 1970s packaged sports travel has become increasingly popular. Events such as rugby, Olympics, Commonwealth games, Asian Games and football World. Cups have enabled specialist travel companies to gain official ticket allocation and then sell them in packages that include flights, hotels and excursions. As a result of the late-2000s recession, international arrivals suffered a strong slowdown beginning in June 2008. Growth from 2007 to 2008 was only 3.7% during the first eight months of 2008. The Asian and Pacific markets were affected and Europe stagnated during the boreal summer months, while the Americas performed better, reducing their expansion rate but keeping a 6% growth from January to August 2008. Only the Middle East continued its rapid growth during the same period, reaching a 17% growth as compared to the same period in 2007.[35] This slowdown on international tourism demand was also reflected in the air transport industry, with a negative growth in September 2008 and a 3.3% growth in passenger traffic through September. The hotel industry also reports a slowdown, as room occupancy continues to decline. As the global economic situation deteriorated dramatically during September and October as a result of the global financial crisis, growth of international tourism is expected to slow even further for the remaining of 2008, and this slowdown in demand growth is forecasted to continue into 2009 as recession has already hit most of the top spender countries, with long-haul travel expected to be the most affected by the economic crisis. This negative trend intensified as international tourist arrivals fell by 8% during the first four months of 2009, and the decline was exacerbated in some regions due to the outbreak of the influenza AH1N1 virus.

19

Human right
On the 15th of April 2010 a headline in the British newspaper, The Sunday Times, proclaimed that European Commissioner Antonio Tajani had unveiled a plan declaring tourism a human right. According to the article itself: Tajani's view is that pensioners, youths and those too poor to afford it should have their travel subsidised by the taxpayer. Tajani's program will be piloted until 2013 and then put into full operation. In introducing his plan, Tajani stated, "Travelling for tourism today is a right. The way we spend our holidays is a formidable indicator of our quality of life." His spokesman added, "Why should someone from the Mediterranean not be able to travel to Edinburgh in summer for a breath of cool, fresh air; why should someone from Edinburgh not be able to travel to Greece in winter?" The characterization of Tajani's position as advocating an expansion of human rights was repeated by other media such as the conservative Canadian newspaper National Postand Wikipedia. According to Euractive it proved impossible for the commissioner's office to correct the misleading impression created by the Sunday Times headline in the Wikipedia articles on tourism and Antonio Tajani as the Sunday Times is a "reliable published source" while the actual text of the Commissioner's speech is only a "primary source". EurActiv, an independent media portal, criticized the article by The Sunday Times as an example of misleading information about the EU which appears in the British press and then picked up by other Anglo-Saxon media and blogs, and Wikipedia. EurActiv notes that "the article on The Sunday Times never quotes the Commissioner as having made such a statement. Nevertheless, it pursues the argument under the headline "Brussels decrees holidays as a human right," underlining the alleged "hundreds of millions of pounds" that pursuing the idea would cost taxpayers." EurActiv criticized Wikipedia on the grounds that it proved impossible for Commissioner Tajani's team to correct the wrong information in the encyclopedia, and echoed European Commission spokesperson Pia Ahrenkilde Hansen's statement that "ethics in digital communications is definitely a subject which deserves to be addressed

20

TOURISM- A POTENTIAL STILL TO EXPLOIT

Advantage (depending upon implementation some of these can turn into disadvantages)

employment (1 emp/1000 tourist) (labor intensive, few administrative positions, little upward mobility.) infrastructure development (roads, water, electricity, telecom and cybercom, but not necessarily local priorities.) cultural preservation (economic incentives to preserve food, fashion, festivals and physical history, but these tend to be superficial elements of a culture.) environmental protection (econ incentives to preserve nature, wildlife and urban cleanliness) foreign exchange (generates resources to import food, pharmaceuticals, technology, consumer goods.) development of health care services (those these aren't always available to local people.)

Disadvantages (depending upon implementation some of these can turn into advantages)

Cultural destruction, (modernization (world mono-culture), freezes culture as performers, loss: language, religion, rituals, material culture.) primary products (sun, sand, surf, safari, suds, ski, sex) (little value added, neocolonialism) Environmental destruction (game drives, resorts: golf, ski, beach, desert, world as play ground, SUV.) Marginal employment (low skill, low wage, menial services, prostitution, drug trade, gambling, hustlers.) Low benefits (no job security, no health care, no organizing, no work safety rules or enviro standards.)

21

Development of illegal and/or destructive economic activities (markets for drugs, endangered species, etc.) Outside hiring (skilled middle and senior management recruited out of the area and transferred in.) Concentration employment (walled resort enclaves.) Seasonal employment Outside decision making (decisions made outside of the area, corporate dollars corrupt government.) Unrealistic expectations (divert young people from school and brighter futures.) anti-democratic collusion (industry support of repressive governments) Land controlled by the elite (people relocated, agriculture eliminated, prohibited from N.P.) negative lifestyle's (STD's, substance abuse, begging, hustling) diverted and concentrated development (airport, roads, water, electricity to tourist destinations, development not accessible to locals), little forex stays in country (airplanes, vehicles, booze, hot air balloons, generally have foreign owners), package programs Cruises (eat and sleep on board so the economic benefits to the ports-of-call is very thin and limited.) unstable market (fickle, affected by local and world events, generally highly elastic) Health tourism (traveling to get medical procedure at lower cost) has it own set of unique challenges, which include: Determining the credential, skills and quality of the facility and personnel. Language communication challenges on topics requiring a lot of details, sometimes even when both parties seemingly speak the same language. Different cultural issues and expectations around health care and the body. Post-treatment complications, after the "tourist" has left the facility

22

Benefits of Tourism
Tourism is now the world's largest industry
The World Tourism Council estimates that travel and tourism provides employment for nearly 220 million people world wide (that's one in thirteen workers) and is responsible for over 9% of world wide captial investment. In the year ended June 2009, there were 1,045,000 visitors to the Fraser Coast. Of these 67% were intrastate visitors (706,000), 14% were interstate visitors (142,000) and 19% were international visitors (197,000). In the same period 4,449,000 visitor nights were spent in the region. Domestic and International tourism contributed in net terms approximately $8 billion to the Queensland economy. Tourism generates $3.7 billion annually as an export earner, second only to coal exports.

Multiplier Effect
A tourist dollar is a new dollar injected into the local economy. A percentage of this new dollar is spent in the community by the recipient and this dollar is spent and re-spent creating a multiplier effect. The more new tourist dollars entering a local economy and the longer the percentage is retained locally, the greater the economic benefit.

Employment Opportunities
Tourism is a labour intensive industry and creates many job opportunities, especially for young people and part-time and full-time workers. In the tourism hospitality and recreation industries alone there are 50 categories of employment and approximately 200 classifications of occupations.

23

Diversification
Tourism can provide diversification, making the local economy less reliant on a tradional base e.g. agriculture and mining. This is particularly significant for regional rural communities.

Opportunites for Business

Tourism creates opportunities for the establishment of new products, facilities and services and expansion of existing businesses which would not otherwise be justified solely on the resident population.

Preservation of the Environment and Heritage

Tourism highlights the need for proper management and, through effective policies and planning, can ensure that the environment, heritage and inherent character of an area is preserved.

The Catalyst for Residential Development

In many places visitors who initially travelled to particular areas as tourists, have relocated to those areas to become residents and acquire a beter quality of life.

Improved Transport Services

Tourism can stimulate the establishment of new and improved transport services to and within a regional area.

A Broader Social Outlook

Tourism provides the opportunity for residents to interact with other people and cultures and brings new ideas into the community

24

Government Revenue
Government revenue includes all amounts of money received from sources outside the government entity. Large governments usually have an agency or department responsible for collecting government revenue from companies and individuals. Government revenue may also include reserve bank currency which is printed. This is recorded as an advance to the retail bank together with a corresponding currency in circulation expense entry. The income derives from the Official Cash rate payable by the retail banks for instruments such as 90 day bills.There is a question as to whether using generic business based accounting standards can give a fair and accurate picture of government accounts in that with a monetary policy statement to the reserve bank directing a positive inflation rate the expense provision for the return of currency to the reserve bank is largely symbolic in that to totally cancel the currency in circulation provision all currency would have to be returned to the reserve bank and cancelled. In business, revenue is income that a company receives from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to customers. In many countries, such as the United Kingdom, revenue is referred to as turnover. Some companies receive revenue from interest, dividends or royalties paid to them by other companies. Revenue may refer to business income in general, or it may refer to the amount, in a monetary unit, received during a period of time, as in "Last year, Company X had revenue of $42 million." Profits or net income generally imply total revenue minus total expenses in a given period. In accounting, revenue is often referred to as the "top line" due to its position on the income statement at the very top. This is to be contrasted with the "bottom line" which denotes net income

25

For non-profit organizations, annual revenue may be referred to as gross receipts.This revenue includes donations from individuals and corporations, support from government agencies, income from activities related to the organization's mission, and income from fundraising activities, membership dues, and financial investments such as stock shares in companies. For government, revenue includes gross proceeds from income taxes on companies and individuals, excise duties, customs duties, other taxes, sales of goods and services, dividends and interest. In general usage, revenue is income received by an organization in the form of cash or cash equivalents. Sales revenue or revenues is income received from selling goods or services over a period of time. Tax revenue is income that a government receives from taxpayers. In more formal usage, revenue is a calculation or estimation of periodic income based on a particular standard accounting practice or the rules established by a government or government agency. Two common accounting methods, cash basis accounting and accrual basis accounting, do not use the same process for measuring revenue. Corporations that offer shares for sale to the public are usually required by law to report revenue based on generally accepted accounting principles or International Financial Reporting Standards. In a double-entry bookkeeping system, revenue accounts are general ledger accounts that are summarized periodically under the heading Revenue or Revenues on an income statement. Revenue account names describe the type of revenue, such as "Repair service revenue", "Rent revenue earned" or "Sales".

Problems Faced by the tourism industry in India

26

Disease and Safety. Even places like India where the country is making extraordinary changes for the good many places still remain unsanitary. It is still very easy to contract malaria if you do not treat yourself properly, same goes for hepatitis. The good thing is if you are in the larger cities like Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore, many medical facilities are considered to be in excellent condition. So if something medically does occur you can find a hospital that can treat you without much problem. If you are in a more rural part then it can be dicey. As for Pakistan and Bangladesh you will not find this. Even in the larger cities of those two countries you will not find a hospital with the capabilities that you would find in India. Maybe in Karachi but not in Dhaka. There are still major infastructure issues that are still prevalent in those two countries compared to India. The other big problem is safety. Naturally people fear of terrorism when traveling to this part of the world considering the rivalry between India and Pakistan, but that is probably the least of your worries, but still should not be overlooked. In general these acts have been small in nature and there has been little evidence that the terrorists main targets were tourists. But you also have to worry about petty crime and other crimes. The scary thing about India is women especially western women will get harassed by men for their outfits if they are revealing. Especially if you are geting on a train women have been complaining about getting groped and felt up by men on the train, mainly because they are so jam packed it pretty much will occur. Also some customs we find common in the west like Kissing in public is looked down upon in India just as Richard Gere about that. Like when visting any third world country there are going to be parts where there will be extremely poor people even worse than what you would see back home and very often they will surround you begging for money food or anything else. Really the best way to avoid this is to not dress extravengtly just try to look as poor as you can, because it is to your benifit and try not to bring too much money with you. Even if you do not give they may take it right from you. At best just try not to go to these places. My advice is if you are traveling to any third world country try to go as part of a recognized tour group mainly because there is some protection with it. You will have local tour guides who are trusted and they will keep you in Areas that are safe and nice to go to. It will also help you from getting stuck in many of the scammer taxis and other scam artist.

CONCLUSION
27

As India is rich with culture and heritage, but India is facing not so good important place in the tourism industry. which can provide 30% to 50% of the G.D.P of the country. But the government is not taking it very seriously to improve our condition so that the tourism industry in the country can grow. Today man had money and wanted to see what he had learned and listened from the people. They are ready to pay for entertainment but they should feel that they had enjoyed. Foreign countries are taking the advantage by providing with the attractive offers and simplicity in obtaining tourist visa. They advertise themselves they had formed separate ministry to see that they are advertised and there is increase in the tourist.India required to take steam measures because it can solve the countries most afected problem, that is unemployment. If unemployment problem is solve, the problem of growing population can come into control.

REFERENCES

28

 En.wikipedia.org/wiki/tourism. Tourism news room.com.

United Nations World Tourism Organization. (2007). About UNWTO.

29