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  • What are carbon fibers? Their making and applications

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    Roha Roha
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    Carbon fibers are thin, strong ribbons of graphite formed by heating polyacrylonitrile. The heat causes the polymer chains to form fused aromatic rings that join together into ribbons. These ribbons then join to form carbon fibers, which are nearly pure graphite. Carbon fibers have very high strength-to-weight ratios and are used to make aircraft components, racing vehicles, sporting goods, and other materials where strength and lightweight properties are important.

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    Carbon Fibers

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    Carbon fibers are thin, strong ribbons of graphite formed by heating polyacrylonitrile. The heat causes the polymer chains to form fused aromatic rings that join together into ribbons. These ribbons then join to form carbon fibers, which are nearly pure graphite. Carbon fibers have very high strength-to-weight ratios and are used to make aircraft components, racing vehicles, sporting goods, and other materials where strength and lightweight properties are important.

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    39 views6 pages

    What are carbon fibers? Their making and applications

    Uploaded by

    Roha Roha
    Carbon fibers are thin, strong ribbons of graphite formed by heating polyacrylonitrile. The heat causes the polymer chains to form fused aromatic rings that join together into ribbons. These ribbons then join to form carbon fibers, which are nearly pure graphite. Carbon fibers have very high strength-to-weight ratios and are used to make aircraft components, racing vehicles, sporting goods, and other materials where strength and lightweight properties are important.

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    Whatarecarbonfibers? What are carbon fibers?

    CARBON FIBERS
    ThemakinganditsApplication Lecture2 Lecture 2 Carbon fiber is a polymer which is a form of Carbonfiberisapolymerwhichisaformof graphite. Graphite is a form of pure carbon Graphiteisaformofpurecarbon. Ingraphitethecarbonatomsarearranged intobigsheetsofhexagonalaromaticrings. i bi h fh l i i Thesheetslooklikechickenwire.

    Chickenwire Chicken wire

    Cont
    Carbon fiber is a form of graphite in which Carbonfiberisaformofgraphiteinwhich thesesheetsarelongandthin. You might think of them as ribbons of Youmightthinkofthemasribbonsof graphite. B h Bunchesoftheseribbonsliketopack f h ibb lik k togethertoformfibers, hencethenamecarbonfiber.

    Themakingofcarbonfibers The making of carbon fibers


    Precursor PAN,Polyacrylonitril Carbonization C b i i Dehydrogenation Denitrogenation

    Synthesisofcarbonfiberfrom Polyacrylonitrile l l l
    1)Polymerizationofacrylonitrile toPAN 2)Cyclization duringlowtemperature process 3)Hightemperatureoxidativetreatment ofcarbonization(hydrogenisremoved) 4(processofgrafitization starts(nitrogen isremoved) )

    Cycleformation Cycle formation

    pyridinerings
    Higherheat Carbonatomskickofftheirhydrogens Theringsbecomearomaticfusedpyridinerings g py g

    whenweheatthepolyacrylonitrile, theheatcausesthecyano repeat y p unitstoformcycles!

    Adjacentchainsjoin Adjacent chains join

    Furtherheating(6oo1300) g( )

    givesusaribbonlikefusedringpolymer Expelshydrogengas

    ournewlyformedribbonswillthemselvesjoin togethertoformevenwiderribbonslikethis

    Expellingnitrogen Expelling nitrogen

    Applications
    composites materialmanufacturing p g partsfor: 1. airplanes(blades)7.racingcar 2. spaceshuttle 3. Musicalinstruments 4. tennisrackets 5. 5 golfclubs lf l b 6. Ecotextiles

    mostofthenitrogenisgone,leavinguswith ribbonsthatarealmostpurecarboninthe graphiteform wecallthesethingscarbon fibers.

    Propertiesofcarbonfibers Properties of carbon fibers


    highflexibility high flexibility hightensilestrength lowweight, l i h highresistance, hightemperaturetolerance lowthermalexpansion low thermal expansion Veryhighstrengthtoweightration

    Ecotextiles,bladesforwindgenerators

    Guitarbody Guitar body

    Howaboutstrings? How about strings?

    Howaboutthe strings?

    Sneakers Sneakers

    Frameoftennis,badmintonracquets Frame of tennis, badminton racquets

    Carbon fiber as a shank plate in basketball sneakers to keep the foot stable. It usually runs the length of the sneaker just above the sole and y g j is left exposed in some areas, usually in the arch of the foot.

    Howaboutthewires?

    Golfclubshafts Golf club shafts

    Fishingrods Fishing rods

    RacingCare Racing Care

    Helmets

    Carbonfull faceautoracinghelmet Carbon fullface auto racing helmet

    Aircraft wing blades wingblades

    Carbon fiber is the only carbon fiber that has attained certification for the critical flight path components for the Boeing 777 777.

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