Fixed-hour power supply for rural sector

Farmers to get compensation for cuts

Under the RLMS, a timer device would automatically ensure power supply at preset timing and duration. In case a power cut was imposed for any reason during the scheduled time and period, the farmers of that particular area would be compensated with in 24 hours. Thus, the farmers would definitely get power for a period that had been scheduled for the sector. The system would be controlled from a centrally located control room at the circle office. The control room would receive inputs from each transformer for agriculture sector supply, including load pattern, consumption, quantity of power supplied and timings. the voluntary disclosure scheme (VDS) for unauthorised load on tubewells the charges for load extension like advance consumption security for increased load.

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Project Location Type of Project Concession Authority/Client Contract Value

Rural Load Management System (RLMS), Ranebennur & Ghataprabha, Karnataka Ranebennur & Ghataprabha, Karnataka Power Distribution Hubli Electricity Supply Company Limited (HESCOM) INR 868 Mn ; USD 22 Mn

This project is a rural electrification initiatives. Rural electrification is identified as one of the four priority areas in order to ensure increasing growth and bringing of pro-poor orientation in the growth process. By introducing RLMS, Distribution Transformer centers having IP loads, power supply can be arranged for a limited period to IP loads and 24 hours to other domestic/commercial loads, without increasing the capacity of the distribution transformer and with available generated power.

Extension of new 11 kV lines Extension of new LT lines Erection of new Distribution Transformers centers

Shifting DTCs to load centers Providing intermediate supports Strengthening of LT lines

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Power Quality Improvement Projects:

The BU undertakes power quality improvement projects, sponsored by the Government of India / Ministry of Power such as:

RGGVY (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana) scheme APDRP (Accelerated Power Development and Reform Programme) scheme

The spectrum of services offered includes:

Design & Construction of High voltage distribution substation (33/11kV) including installation and re-conductoring of existing lines Rural Electrification works involving installation of 11kV low voltage overhead lines, distribution transformers as well as feeder renovation works & metering Urban Area Power Quality improvement Projects involving renovation/upgradation of distribution transformers and installation of 11 kV LT lines Rural Load Management Systems involving supply and commissioning, mapping of networks including load flow studies and transformer selection

Reference: http://www.larsentoubro.com/lntcorporate/LnT_Offerings/Service_Template1.aspx ?res=P_CORP_BOFF_SBU_SERV&srid=503&sbu=49

A rural energy system based on energy forest and wood gasifier

Ravindranath, NH and Dattiprasad, HL and Somashekar, HI (1990) A rural energy system based on energy forest and wood gasifier. In: Current Science, 59 (11). pp. 557-560.
ABSTRACT: A decentralized electricity generation system using a 5 kW wood gasifier has been installed for electrification in a non-electrified village. All the 43 houses in the village are provided with two lighting points each in addition to eight street lights. An energy forest has been raised and an annual productivity of 6.4 tonnes per hectare has been recorded compared to an annual wood fuel requirement of 5.1 tonnes for the gasifier. A diesel substitution level of 73% has been achieved in the field. The use of electricity for lighting has saved 0.803 tonne of kerosene per year in the village. Economic analysis has been carried out for the wood-gas-based system. The study has demonstrated the technical

feasibility of a decentralized electricity generation system based on renewable source of energy, which has been accepted by the village community. Read the PDF for full information:

Analogics Tech India Limited, an ISO 9001:2008 company, specialized in design, development and Manufacturing of wide range of products for Power Sector. Analogics has the track record of providing state-of-the-art product range and turnkey projects various the electricity utilities in the country. Analogics has a market share of about 95% for Spot Billing Machines and a major share in Common Meter Reading Instruments (CMRI) in India. With the profound reputation, Analogics takes pride in quick deployment of innovative and cutting edge solutions. Roster scheduling is being introduced for the distribution of power to the rural agricultural loads, to ensure three-phase supply for 7 or 8 or 9 hours/day and single-phase supply throughout the day. The Distribution Rural Management System shall ensure the operation of the contactors for various busbars fed from LT side of the 3 phase distribution transformer. The equipment is a Multi Processor based monitoring, control & data login system for the three-phase distribution transformer. The system will monitor the voltages, currents information of the distribution transformers and the Roster schedules loaded into the memory. It will store the duration of three-phase and single-phase supply timings in a day. During single-phase period, if the three-phase supply is present, the system will automatically trips the circuit breaker and the event will be recorded in the memory. The duration of three phase power supply and single-phase power supply, date, time and schedules status will be displayed continuously in scroll mode. Facility is given to modify the schedule from the system keypad or (optionally) using the Hand Held Terminal with a password. The daily data like the duration of three-phase supply, single-phase supply and total power-on time will be stored in the memory up to 40 days. This data can be retrieved using the Hand Held Terminals or through GSM modem at remote management cell User Friendly Reliable Scheduler Dependable Information Source Adaptable to any Distribution Transformer Over Load Protection Versatile through Programmability Relay Driver outputs Digital Inputs

Features
Trips the contactor of the distribution transformer as per the schedules with auto compensation Facility for remote operation through PSTN / GSM modems (optional) Remote Operation of Transformers and data acquisition 100% Tamper proof operation in maintaining the schedules

Password protection for preparing the schedules Rugged industrial casing confirms to IP55 GSM modem for remote logging (optional) Hand Held Terminal for data downloading (optional) User Friendly Reliable Scheduler Dependable Information Source Adaptable to any Distribution Transformer Over Load Protection Versatile through Programmability Relay Driver outputs Digital Inputs

Advantages
Scheduling of feeders Uniform distribution of load on the Transformer Restricts the use of phase converters Recording of important events Generation of Distribution Transformer wise reports Transformer protection through temperature / load monitoring

Software
Rural Load Management System software is a front end, user friendly software, which will be very useful in collecting the data from various Distribution Transformers through telephone line or through hand held terminal. The collected data can be analyzed through systematic reports and powerful graphical presentation. The software also available for modifying the schedules etc.

Operating Voltage
Single phase AC supply from 85 V to 285 V.

Technical Specifications
Processor Display : High Speed Processor at 18 MHz Clock speed : 4 line by 20 character, Alphanumeric LCD display with backlight for better menus and parameters scrolling and for user friendly operations : Real Time Clock with 20 year calendar with Battery Backup : High Speed (57K baud) RS232 port for upload / download of data and also to communicate to the modem : 220V/110V DC from substations battery (or optional 24V DC) : 24 Key (4 x 6) sealed Elastometeric with direct key operations : 4 High Current relay outputs (Optional 6) to trip the contactors. : i) Program Memory 64K (Flash) ii) Data Memory 4MB (Expandable to 8MB) : EMI, RF interface protection, input voltage fluctuations and transients protection : i) Operating Temperature : -5 to 65 C ii) Relative humidity : 90% non-condensing iii) IP-52 : Dust protected and immune to water spray / rain

Real Time Clock Serial Port for Communication Power Supply Key Board Relay Driver Outputs Memory Protection Environmental

----DG (distributed generation) is defined as installation and operation of small modular power generating technologies that can be combined with energy management and storage systems. It is used to improve the operations of the electricity delivery systems at or near the end user. These systems may or may not be connected to the electric grid. A distributed generation system can employ a range of technological options from renewable to nonrenewable and can operate either in a connected grid or off-grid mode. The size of a distributed generation system typically ranges from less than a kilowatt to a few megawatts.

Technological options DG options can be classified either on the basis of the prime movers used?engines, turbines, fuel cells?or on the basis of fuel resources used?renewable and non-renewable. In India, many renewable energy technologies are being employed in a number of distributed generation projects. The technologies include biomass gasifiers, solar thermal and photovoltaic systems, small wind turbines (aero-generators), and small hydro-power plants. The figure illustrates the technology options for distributed power generation.

Relevance of distributed generation in India In India, distributed generation has found three distinct markets.

Back-up small power generation systems including diesel generators that are being used in the domestic and small-commercial sectors. Stand-alone off-grid systems or mini-grids for electrification of rural and remote areas. Large-captive power plants such as those installed by power intensive industries.

Distributed power generation systems are needed to address the following issues. High peak load shortages? With a deficit of 12.3% in peak demand, distributed generation systems that can reduce the peak demand is seen as the most effective solution to the problem. High transmission and distribution losses? Current losses amount to about 35.03% of the total available energy. Distributed power generation systems can greatly reduce these losses and improve the reliability of the grid network. Remote and inaccessible areas? In many parts of the country extension of the grid may not be economically feasible. In such cases distributed generation can play a major role. Rural electrification? Rural electrification has been identified as a priority for rural development by the Government of India. Wherever grid extension is not feasible, the government has directed that decentralized distribution generation facilities with local distribution network be provided. Faster response to new power demands? The modular nature of distributed generation system coupled with low gestation period enables the easy capacity additions when required. Improved supply reliability and power quality ??Disruptions such as grid failure, etc., can be prevented as electricity is produced close to the consumer. The quality of power? voltage and frequency?can also be maintained easily. Possibility of better energy and load management? Distributed generation systems offer the possibility of combining energy storage and management systems. Optimal use of the existing grid assets? Inadequacies in distribution network has been one of the major reasons for poor supply of power. Distributed generation facilitates an optimal use of the grid that improves the reliability of the grid network and reduces the congestion.

Policy context for distributed generation The Integrated Energy Policy of the Planning Commission of the Government of India envisions energy security for the country and its citizens by stating that energy services should be safe, reliable, techno-economically viable, and sustainable considering different forms and fuels of energy? conventional as well as new, alternate sources. The Electricity Act, 2003 has also given a thrust to distributed generation particularly in the context of rural electrification. The Act, in addition to grid extension as a mode for rural electrification, specifies distributed generation and supply through stand-alone conventional and renewable energy systems. It also includes the distribution of electricity through NGOs, local government units, community groups, and franchisees of distribution utility as alternate modes for rural electrification. Further, the Act indicates that persons setting up new projects and/or extending existing infrastructure for composite schemes of generation and distribution are exempt from licensing and licensee related obligations.

The National Electricity Policy notified on 12 February 2005 mentions under the Rural Electrification component, section 5.1.2 (a) that to provide a reliable rural electrification system, a Rural Electrification Distribution Backbone be established by extending the transmission lines. However, when the extension is not feasible, as in section 5.1.2 (d), it directs that decentralized distributed generation facilities (using conventional or non-conventional sources of energy) together with local distribution network be provided. Also, in compliance with sections 4 and 5 of the Electricity Act 2003, the central government prepared the Rural Electrification policy. The policy in section 3 (3.3) identifies decentralized distributed generation of electricity by setting up of facilities together with local distribution network based on either conventional or non-conventional resources methods of generation. Two specific schemes of the Government of India, the RGGVY (Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojna) and the RVE (Remote Village Electrification) scheme, provide upto 90% capital subsidy for rural electrification projects using DDG (decentralized distributed generation) options based on conventional and non-conventional fuels respectively.?