vng y rng chng qu bng dy con hc mt quyn sch.

Cho con ngn vng chng bng dy con bit mt ngh ( Sch Hn Th) Language focus of unit 4

Gerund and Present Participle/ Perfect gerund and Perfect Participle

I. Gerund and Present Participle 1. Gerund (danh ng t) c cu to bi mt ng t + ING tr thnh danh t. - Gerund c chc nng lm ch ng trong cu. V d: Swimming in a swimming pool on a hot day is very interesting. -Gerund c chc nng lm tn ng trong cu. V d : He likes playing football. - Gerund c chc nng lm b ng trong cu. V d : Conservation is safeguarding and preservation of natural resources. - Cng nh nhng danh t khc, Gerund cng c dng sau mt mo t, tnh t s hu, V d: Do you mind opening the door? The reclaiming is important for farmers. Thank you for your coming. -Gerund i khi thnh lp danh t kp. V d : a diving board, driving licence, landing car 2. Present Participle( Phn t hin ti) c cu to bi mt ng t + ING _ Present participle (V_ing) i sau ng t TO BE din t hnh ng ang xy ra. V d: I am studying English now. - Present Participle ( V_ing) c dng thay th mt mnh quan h. V d: The train arriving at the station is one hour late. ( The train which is arriving at the station is one hour late.) Present Participle ( V-ing) dng miu t hai hnh ng. + xy ra cng mt thi im, mt ch ng. V du; We sat in front of T.V, watching football. + xy ra ni tip nhau, cng chung mt ch ng V d: Closing all the windows and the door carefully, she went to bed. - Present participle ( V_ ing) cng c dng nh mt tnh t . V d: running water, a boring story Present participle cng c dng sau cu trc have + sb + V_ing V d: I had him cleaning his bike. Present Participle.: c dng sau ng t go V d: go swimming, go fishing. Present participle ( V_ ing ) cn c th c dng sau mt s ng t thuc v gic quan nh: see, hear, smell. V d : I see him passing my house everyday. Present Participle ( V_ ing) cng c dng sau cc ng t catch, find, leave, object. V d : I caught them stealing my apples. He found a tree lying across the road. I left her talking to my mother. II. Perfect gerund and Perfect Participle.

1. Perfect gerund c dng thay cho dng hin ti ca danh ng t khi chng ta cp ti hnh ng qu kh. V d : The boy was accused of having stolen/ stealing her money. She apologized for having broken / breaking my vase. Perfect gerund thng dng sau DENY V d: He denied having stolen her money. 2. Perfect Participle.( phn t qu kh) c cu trc : Having + PII . Phn t qu kh dng nhn mnh hnh ng xy ra hon tt trc mt hnh ng khc xy ra trong qu kh. V d: Having finished all my exercises, I went to bed. Exercises. I. Hon thnh cc cu sau y vi dng ng ca ng t v cho bit chng l Gerund hay Present Participle. 1. ( Feel) .. hungry, he went into the kitchen and opened the fridge. 2. My boss spends two hours a day ( travel) .to work 3. ( Swim) . is my favourite sport. 4. One of lifes pleasure is ( have) .breakfast in bed. 5. ( Whistle) . to himself, he walked down the road. 6. In spite of ( miss) the train , we arrived on time. 7. They found the money .( lye) on the ground. 8. He was trapped in a (burn).. house. 9. Im tired of ( work) eight hours a day. 10. She always puts off (go) to the dentist. II. Hon thnh cc cu sau y vi dng ng ca ng t l Gerund ,Present Participle, perfect participle. 1. She admitted ( kill) her husband. 2. I reget ( write) her that letter. 3. I enjoy ( play) tennis with my friends. 4. Martin denied (see) .. the accused man on the day of the crime. 5. ( Tell) .. me that she would never speak to me again , she picked up her stuff and stormed out of the house. 6. Will you enter for the next eloquence contest? - (Win) twice , I dont want to try again. Lets give chances to other. 7. ( Improve ) . her English Pias promotion prospects are much better. III. Vit li nhng cu sau bng cch thay th phn in nghing vi PerfecParticiple m ngha ko i. 1. We switched off the lights before we went to bed. -> Having switched off the lights, we went to bed. 2. The boy asked his mothers permission and then went out to play. ->.. 3. As he had drunk too much, he didnt drive home himself. ->.. 4. We have done two tests today, so we are exhausted. ->.. 5. She filled the washing machine and switched it on. ->.. 6. She had been to disco the night before and she overslept in the morning. ->..

7. We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening. ->.. 8. She had not slept for two days and therefore she wasnt able to concentrate. ->.. 9. Since I had not seen him for ages, I didnt recognize him. ->.. 10. I had not ridden a horse for a long time and I found it very difficult to keep in the saddle. ->.. 11. Zoe had practiced a lot, so she was sure of her winning in the competition. ->.. IV. Vit li cc cu sau m ngha khng i. 1. Nam won a scholarship. We are excited about that fact. -> Were 2. Entering the room, I was surprised at what I saw. -> When 3. The volunteers couldnt mow the old ladys lawns because of the rain. -> The rain prevented 4. David did his homework and the went to bed. -> After having 5. It is easy for anyone to learn how to cook. -> Learning. VII. Vit li cc cu sau dng After and Before. 1. I told him off. Then I realized I was wrong. -> After I had told him off, I realized I was wrong. 2. I worked very hard for the exam. Then I passed it. -> Before. 3. First I considered what to study. Then I decided to major in Maths. -> After.. 4. She wrote a letter. Then she went to bed. -> After 5. He bought a radio. First he checked the price. -> After 6. They argued. Then they fought. -> After 7. She went out for a walk. Then she had a fatal accident. -> Before 8. She decided to go away. First she faced the matter. -> After. 9. We read the book, then we wrote the assignment. -> Before.. 10. She watched the film, then she wrote a report. -> After VIII. Vit li cc cu sau dng Gerund Phrase ( cm danh ng t) 1. A good way of keeping fit is to swim everyday. -> Swimming everyday is a good way of keeping fit. 2. It takes a long time to learn a foreign language. -> 3. Grow your own food. Its less expensive. ->

4. It is uncomfortable to sit in one place for so long. -> 5. You are not allow to smoke here. ->.. Cch pht m I. Cch pht m ca nhng t tn cng l - ed Nhng ng t qu kh c quy tc kt thc l - ed oc pht m nh sau: 1. /d/ sau nguyn m a, e, i, o, u v cc ph m hu thanh ( tr /d/): / /, /b/, /v/, /z/, / /, /d/, /g/, /m/, /n/, /l/, // tried /traid/ clothed /klud/ used /ju:zd/ failed /feild/ 2. / t/ sau cc ph m v thanh (tr /t/): / /, /p/, /f/, /s/, //, /t/, /k/ stopped /stpt/ laughed /la:ft/ worked /w: kt/ passed /pa:st/ watched /wtt/ 3. /id/ sau ch 2 ph m /d/ v /t/ ended / endid/ started/ sta:tid/ II. Cch pht m ca nhng danh t s nhiu c quy tc. 1. Nhng danh t kt thc /s/, /z/ v nhng m gi khc. Sau mt trong nhng m gi: /s/, /z/, //, //, / t/, v /d/, v cng vi nhng danh t s nhiu kt thc (e)s c pht m l /iz/ buses /bsiz/ crashes /kriz/ watches /wtiz/
quizzes / kwiziz/ garages /gra:iz/ bridge / bridz/

2.Nhng danh t kt thc nhng m v thanh Sau nhng ph m v thanh: ( /p/, /f/, //, /t/, v /k/) v cng vi nhng danh t s nhiu kt thc (e)s c pht m l/s/ cups /cps/ cloths /kls/ books /buks/ beliefs / bili:fs/ plates /pleits/ 3. Nhng danh t kt thc nhng ph m hu thanh . Sau cc nguyn m, v nhng ph m hu thanh tr /z/, //, v /d/, v cng vi nhng danh t s nhiu kt thc (e)s c pht m l /z/ days /deiz/ boys /biz/ trees /tri:z/ knives /naivz/ hills /hilz/ dreams /dri:mz/ legs /legz/ ends /endz/ clothes /kluz/ Choose the word which has the underlined part is pronounced different from the others. 1. A. fitted B. wicked C. locked D. intended 2. A. matched B. educated C. enriched D. washed 3. A. attended B. improved C. dedicated D. exhibited 4. A. killed B. developed C. threatened D. endangered 5. A. wanted B. looked C. needed D. visited 6. A. planned B. worked C. helped D. galloped 7. A. hoped B. referred C. shopped D. laughed 8. A. hurried B. studied C. stayed D. started 9. A. watched b. passed C. used D. washed 10. A. moved B. hoped C. married D. danced 11. A. retired B. escaped C. faded D. played 12. A. believed B. asked C. allowed D. died 13. A. called B. phoned C. showed D. finished 14. A. fired B. traveled C. enjoyed D. decided

15. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

A. apologized A. programs A. churches A. barracks A. crossroads A. babies A. houses A. walls A. arms A. brothers A. hears A. knows A. regrets

B. explored B. individuals B. commandos B. series B. species B. Kennedys B. horses B. bosses B. legs B. parents B. dreams B. lives B. remembers

C. rained

D. wondered

C. subjects D.celebrations C. photos D. wives C. means D.headquarters C. works (company) D. mosquitoes C. shops D. schools C. matches D. computers C. goods D. fingers C. heads D. chests C. uncles D. nephews C. wishes D. sees C. stays D. meets C. drinks D. laughs