Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SEVERE Examples:
⊗ Physical - s/sx becomes the flow of attention Agoraphobia - fear of open places and of being alone in public places.
⊗ Cognitive – perceptual field is greatly narrowed, focus of attention is trivial Social phobia - irrational fear of criticism, humiliation or embarrassment.
events Acrophobia - fear of heights
⊗ Emotional – defense mechanism operate Algophobia - fear of pain
Claustrophobia - fear of enclosed place
PANIC
Thanatophobia - fear of crowds
⊗ Physical – s/sx of exhaustion ignored
Pathophobia - fear of disease
⊗ Cognitive – personality disorganized
Monophobia - fear of being alone
⊗ Emotional – defense mechanism fail
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Nursing Diagnoses: (GAD)
⊗ Ineffective individual coping ⊗ Unrealistic, excessive anxiety and is unable to control worry.
⊗ Anxiety ⊗ Clients may experience: fatigue, irritability, restlessness, muscle tension,
sleep disturbance
EATING DISORDERS
⊗ More common among females.
Causes:
⊗ Psychological factors
Parental factors (domineering parents)
Individual factors (conflict about growing up)
Sociocultural factors
Anorexia Nervosa
⊗ Main sign: Morbid fear of gaining weight
⊗ Other signs:
Sensitivity to cold temperatures
Amenorrhea
Deliberate self-starvation with weight loss
Findings: (for both)
Denial of hunger
⊗ Weight loss of 15% or more of original body weight
Obvious thinness but feels fat
⊗ Amenorrhea
Lanugo all over the body
⊗ Social withdrawal and poor family and individual coping
Loss of scalp hair
⊗ History of high activity and achievement in academics, athletics
⊗ Electrolyte imbalance
Bulimia Nervosa ⊗ Depression / distorted body image
⊗ Extreme measures to lose weight Nursing Diagnosis:
uses diet pills, diuretics or laxatives ⊗ Body image disturbance
purges after eating ⊗ Ineffective individual coping
extreme exercise
⊗ Signs of purging Nursing Interventions:
swelling of the cheeks or jaw area ⊗ Establish a trusting relationship
cuts and calluses on the back of the hands and knuckles ⊗ Monitor vital signs
teeth that look clear ⊗ Reinforce:
⊗ Peculiar signs dietician’s prescription to accomplish realistic weight gain
depression
Korsakoff's Psychosis
⊗ Is a form of amnesia DRUG-RELATED DISORDERS
⊗ characterized
Cocaine-Related Disorders
short-term memory loss
(Stimulants)
Disorientation
⊗ Cocaine is a white powdered stimulant substance
inability to learn new skills
⊗ Usually sniffed, snorted, smoked in a pipe or injected into a vein or
confabulation
subcutaneous tissue.
⊗ Deficiency in vitamin B complex, especially B1 and B12.
⊗ Poor man’s cocaine:
Nursing Care:
⊗ Priority: safety & security
⊗ Always reorient the client (clock & calendar)
⊗ Use color instead of numbers & letters
⊗ Consistency – 1 nurse to lessen confusion