PSVPlus Manual

PSVPlusTM Users Manual
Manual Version v 7.0.0 Revision Date: February , 2010
Softbits Consultants Ltd.
- Table of Contents -
1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 5 2 Whats new.......................................................................................................... 6 3 Overview ............................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Installation Requirement .................................................................................... 7 Package Requirements ................................................................................. 7 System Requirements................................................................................... 7 Decimal Separator ................................................................................ 7 MS Access 2003 SP1 Issue ..................................................................... 7 3.1.1 3.1.2
3.1.2.1 3.1.2.2 3.2 3.3 3.4
Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows XP ................................... 7 Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7............ 8 Separate Installation of Security Drivers and Access Runtime .......................... 10 Installing Server Software and Key .............................................................. 10 Installing PSVPlus Clients............................................................................ 11 Trouble Shooting Client .............................................................................. 11 Installing PSVPlus - Network............................................................................. 10
3.3.1 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5 4.1 4.2
Remotely Updating the Hardware Key................................................................ 12 Key Features .................................................................................................. 13 Usage modes of PSVPlusTM................................................................................ 16 Using PSVPlusTM in a disconnected mode....................................................... 16 Using PSVPlus in a connected mode ............................................................. 17
4 PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions............................................................................ 13
4.2.1 4.2.2 4.3 4.4
Calculation Options Screen ............................................................................... 18 Quick Start Tutorial ......................................................................................... 20 Step 1 Create a Database......................................................................... 20 STEP 2 Gas Relief CONTROL VALVE FAILURE............................................ 20 STEP 3 Gas Relief FIRE LOAD CALCULATION ............................................ 25 STEP 4 Liquid Relief SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGER TUBE RUPTURE............ 27 STEP 5 Liquid Relief THERMAL EXPANSION .............................................. 31 STEP 6 Steam Relief FAN FAILURE .......................................................... 32 STEP 7 Steam Relief GENERAL POWER FAILURE ....................................... 35 STEP 8 Mixed Phase Relief OPTIONS A & B .............................................. 37 STEP 9 Mixed Phase Relief OPTION C ...................................................... 40 STEP 10 Mixed Phase Relief OPTION D .................................................... 42
4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.4.6 4.4.7 4.4.8 4.4.9 4.4.10
4.4.11 STEP 11 - Review the calculations and select sizing cases and Items for the Relief Load Summary ...................................................................................................... 44 4.4.12 4.4.13 STEP 12 - Create Process Data Sheets......................................................... 44 Aspen Hysys and Aspen Flarenet sample applications ..................................... 45
5 Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode ....................................... 47 PSVPlusTM Users Manual 2
5.1 5.2 5.3
Database creation and management.................................................................. 47 Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Calculation Engine side...... 48 How to Specify General Settings for the Database.......................................... 51 PSVPlusTM Access Environment Main Features ................................................ 56 Process Data Sheets Group .................................................................. 56 Summary Calculation Sheets Group....................................................... 58 Relief Load Summary Group ................................................................. 58 Non Sizing Emergency scenarios .......................................................... 58 Export to Excel Utility .......................................................................... 59 Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Access Environment side ... 54 5.3.1.1 5.3.1.2 5.3.1.3 5.3.1.4 5.3.1.5
5.2.1 5.3.1
5.3.2 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3
Customizing PSVPlusTM Access Environment................................................... 61 Overview .................................................................................................. 63 Starting an Import or Export ....................................................................... 63 Aspen HYSYS Interface ............................................................................... 63 General Description ............................................................................. 63 HYSYS Import Process Page 1, Select Case......................................... 64 HYSYS Import Process Page 2, Import Log ......................................... 66 HYSYS Import Process Page 3, Select Streams.................................... 67 HYSYS Import Process, Page 4 Select Data Items ................................... 70 HYSYS Import Process, Page 5 Import Data ........................................... 72 General description ............................................................................. 74 Flarenet Import Process Page 1, Select Case........................................ 74 Flarenet Import Process Page 2, Import Log ....................................... 77 Flarenet Import Process Page 3, Select Sources .................................. 78 Flarenet Import Process, Page 4 Select Data Items ................................. 81 Flarenet Import Process, Page 5 Import Data ......................................... 84 General description ............................................................................. 86 Flarenet Export Process Page 1, Select Case ........................................ 86 Flarenet Export Process Page 2, Export Log ........................................ 89 Flarenet Export Process Page 3, Select Sources................................... 90 Flarenet Export Process, Page 4 Select Data Items.................................. 93 Flarenet Export Process, Page 5 Export Data .......................................... 95 General description ............................................................................. 97 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 1, Select Previous Comparison98
PSVPlusTM Interfaces to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet .................................... 63
5.4.3.1 5.4.3.2 5.4.3.3 5.4.3.4 5.4.3.5 5.4.3.6 5.4.4 5.4.4.1 5.4.4.2 5.4.4.3 5.4.4.4 5.4.4.5 5.4.4.6 5.4.5 5.4.5.1 5.4.5.2 5.4.5.3 5.4.5.4 5.4.5.5 5.4.5.6 5.4.6 5.4.6.1 5.4.6.2
Aspen Flarenet Import Interface .................................................................. 74
Aspen Flarenet Export Interface................................................................... 86
Aspen Flarenet Results Comparison Interface ................................................ 97
5.4.6.3 5.4.6.4 5.4.6.5 5.4.6.6 5.4.7 5.4.7.1 5.4.7.2 5.4.7.3 5.4.7.4 5.4.7.5 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.11.1 6.11.2 6.11.3 6.11.4 6.12 6.12.1 6.12.2 6.12.3 6.12.4 6.12.5
Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 2, Flarenet Database ............ 99 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 3, Setup Check ...................101 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 4, Flow Results ...................103 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 5, Pressure Results..............104 Link Definition ...................................................................................106 Link Properties settings.......................................................................107 Fields Mapping...................................................................................109 Importing data ..................................................................................110 Reviewing Import error.......................................................................111
Interfacing PSVPlus database with SPI one...................................................105
6 Technical Reference......................................................................................... 112 Vapour or Gas Relief Calculations .....................................................................112 Liquid Relief Calculations.................................................................................113 Steam Relief Calculations ................................................................................114 Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing criteria for single phase fluids......................................115 Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTIONS A & B ..............................................116 Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION C ......................................................117 Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION D ......................................................118 Storage Tanks Normal and Emergency Venting (API 2000)..................................119 Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing - Mixed Phase fluids ...................................................120 Lines Equivalent Length Calculation ...............................................................121 Emergency Cases calculation forms ...............................................................122 Fire Load Calculation .................................................................................124 Control Valve failure calculation ..................................................................125 Exchanger Tube Rupture calculation ............................................................126 Thermal Expansion calculation ....................................................................127 Physical Properties calculation.......................................................................128 GasMix Library..........................................................................................128 IF97 Library .............................................................................................130 RefProp Library.........................................................................................131 StanMix Library ........................................................................................134 TPSI Library .............................................................................................138
Introduction - Installation Requirement
Introduction PSVPlusTM is designed to execute calculations for pressure relief valves in Vapour, Steam, Liquid or Mixed Phase Service. PSVPlusTM includes six calculation modules in full compliance with API Recommended Practice 520, 521 and 526 calculation procedures. In particular there are three modules for Vapour, Steam and Liquid relief scenarios and other three modules to cover the 2-Phase relieving scenarios in accordance with Appendix D of API 520, in compliance with DIERS Methods (also known as Omega or Leung method). Five Physical Properties calculation packages are included in the software to allow the user to define the composition of the relieving stream and estimate its properties at the specified conditions. A number of pre-defined scenarios calculation forms will provide guidance to the user in estimating the relieving rates. Such scenarios modules are Fire Wetted and Unwetted, Reflux Failure, Fan Failure, Control Valve Failure (Liquid, Gas and Gas break-through), Exchanger Tube Rupture (for single and mixed phase) and Thermal Expansion. Others scenarios forms are available for recording purposes only, as described later in this document. Both single and two phases calculation modules are provided with procedures for designing inlet and outlet lines sizes at the same time of relief valve orifice calculation and selection. This is particularly useful to check consistency between back pressures items, inlet / outlet PSV flanges sizes and hydraulic calculations. When working on Projects ranging from few to several hundred items, the user will have the option to connect the calculation forms to a pre-defined database and update it during the calculation stage, automatically preparing the following documentation and reports: Process Data sheet Specifications for the calculated valves, for issue to Vendors. Summary Calculation Sheets, showing for each Relief Valve all the scenarios for which it has been calculated and the relevant main results; Relief Load Summary, a document to be used for sizing or checking of relevant flare headers and sub-headers in the relief network.
Based on the above and on user specific working requirement, there are the following two main modes of Working with PSVPlusTM: a) Disconnected: means that the user is interested only in the determination of relieving rate, calculation of the orifice and its selection based on standard API 526 orifices and flanges, and design of PSV associated inlet and outlet lines size. The calculation prepared in this mode of operation can be saved as normal files that can be later imported in a database, if needed. Connected to a Database: in this mode of operation, the user is connected to a predefined MS Access database for automatic preparation of the final process specification sheets, summary calculation sheet and relief load summary.
b)
In the connected mode links to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet will be available for automatic import of physical properties and / or import / export of Flare headers hydraulic calculations and PSVs relevant data.
Whats new - Installation Requirement
Whats new The following notes apply to Release 7.0 of PSVPlusTM, and earlier versions. Backward Compatibility with earlier releases: The calculation files with extensions .vap, .liq, .stm, .mxa, .mxc, .mxd, prepared with previous versions of PSVPlusTM can be immediately opened and used with this new release. The MS Access databases (extension .mdb) created with versions from 5.1 and newer will be converted upon opening. The databases created with PSV Plus 4.2 or earlier also will be converted. However some information may be lost due to software architecture changes. You may contact us at support@psvplus.com to recover version 4.2 or earlier databases. Main New features of Releases 6.0 and 7.0 Added API 2000 for storage tanks normal and emergency venting; Added Noise and reaction forces calculation; Updated 2-phase calculations to be in compliance with API 520 8th Ed. Added utilities for database better management such as DB duplication, merge and compact and repair functions; Added in the General Settings the option to customize PSV's orifices; Added Design Temperature and Valve material fields for better PSV type and flanges identification in full accordance with API 526. Added the Overall Relief Load Summary report in the DB environment to summarize cumulative and maximum single discharges from each unit of the plant; Interface to Aspen HYSYS to allow automatic import of physical properties; Interface to Aspen Flarenet to allow automatic import / export of PSVs data and calculation results; Added valve browser form to show all valves included in a database and open their calculations directly; Improved Database Environment User Interface; Added % orifice used field to give more visibility to available design margin; Added Vessel / Safety valve Design Code field; Added Total Backpressure calculated field;
Overview - Installation Requirement
3 3.1 3.1.1
Overview Installation Requirement Package Requirements Before installation, check that you have the following elements of the PSVPlus package. Program CD Rom Hardware Key (USB)
3.1.2
System Requirements The following system requirements must be met to allow installation and use of PSVPlus. o o o o o Operating system: Windows XP or Windows Vista or Windows 7. Disk space - program directory 100 MB Disk space - system directory 15 MB USB port available for the Hardware Key PSVPlus install files Usually supplied on CD Rom
3.1.2.1 Decimal Separator PSVPlusTM, when started, automatically changes the decimal separator to be the period . and not the comma. When PSVPlusTM session is finished the decimal separator setting is automatically returned to the User preference. In case this automatic modification does not occur, the User shall change the decimal separator from Control Panel > Regional Setting to be the PERIOD . 3.1.2.2 MS Access 2003 SP1 Issue Access 2003 Service Pack 1 has a known bug that will prevent the Relief Load Summary and Summary Calculation Sheet to show correctly. Install the SP 2 or the HOTFIX made available by Microsoft. 3.2 Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows XP The single user version of PSVPlus is one where usage of the program is controlled by a hardware USB key attached on the PC on which PSVPlus is running. The installation of PSVPlus is a two step process. First the software must be installed. Then the key shall be connected to activate the software. PSVPlus needs to be installed utilizing the PC user profile (not the installer profile!). PC user profile needs to be given Administrative privileges for the time of installation. After the installation is completed, the user can be configured as a power user. The installation of PSVPlus is similar to the installation of other Windows programs. The steps are: 1. Shut down other windows programs. The Windows Explorer program may be left open to start the PSVPlus Setup program if required. 2. Remove any other hardware keys attached to the computer ports. 3. Insert the PSVPlus CD Rom into your CD or DVD drive. If the AutoRun feature is enabled then step 4 will be performed automatically and should be skipped. 4. Start the setup program Setup.exe on the CD Rom. This may be done through Windows Explorer by navigating to your CD or DVD drive, locating the setup.exe file in the root directory of the CD and then double-clicking it. PSVPlusTM Users Manual 7
Overview - Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7
Alternatively you can click the Windows Start button, select the Run option, type d:\setup.exe in the pop-up dialog and then click the Ok button. Note that your CD or DVD drive letter should be substituted if it is not d: 5. The Setup program will then start. To complete PSVPlus installation just follow instructions on the screen. 6. After PSVPlus has been successfully installed, plug the USB hardware key on one of the available ports. You are now ready to run the program. Note: two required components of PSVPlus may not install automatically for a number of reasons and depending on user PC settings; these components will therefore require separate installation, if not installed during PSVPlus program installation. These are Security Drivers To install these, run the Sentinel Protection Installer 7.5.0.exe program from the PSVPlus disk (located at the following path: D:\program files\PSV Plus 6.0\PSV Plus 6.0\Server\) and follow the instructions for a Complete Install. If invited to Upgrade an existing Sentinel Drivers installation then click the Upgrade button to do this. Access Runtime To install this run the AccessRunTime.exe program from the PSVPlus disk (located at D:\program files\PSV Plus 6.0\PSV Plus 6.0\MS Access Runtime\)program from the PSVPlus disk and follow the instructions for a Complete Install. 3.3 Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7 In order to successfully install PSVPlus under Windows Vista or Windows 7 the following preconditions are required. 1. 2. That the user has Administrator Rights. Note that PSVPlus needs to be installed utilizing the PC user profile (not the installer profile!). That the User Account Control (UAC) feature is disabled.
The UAC feature can be disabled as follows:Open the Control Panel and Select the User Accounts option. The screen below should appear.
Overview - Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7
Click on the the User Accounts heading as shown above. The following screen should appear:
Select the option Turn User Account Control on or off. The following popup will appear.
Click the Continue button and the following screen will appear.
Overview - Installing PSVPlus - Network
Clear the check box against Use User Account Control (UAC) and click ok. You will now be asked to Restart your system to complete the change. Click the Restart Now button to do this. Once your system has restarted you can install PSVPlus as normal. 3.3.1 Separate Installation of Security Drivers and Access Runtime Under Vista, two required components of PSVPlus may not install automatically and will require separate installation. These are Security Drivers To install these run the Sentinel Protection Installer 7.5.0.exe program from the PSVPlus disk (located at the following path: D:\program files\PSV Plus X.X\PSV Plus X.X\Server\) and follow the instructions for a Complete Install. If invited to Upgrade an existing Sentinel Drivers installation then click the Upgrade button to do this. Access Runtime To install this run the AccessRunTime.exe program from the PSVPlus disk (located at D:\program files\PSV Plus X.X\PSV Plus X.X\MS Access Runtime\) and follow the instructions for a Complete Install. 3.4 Installing PSVPlus - Network The network version of PSVPlus allows the use of PSVPlus from multiple client systems with the total number of copies in use being controlled by a central PSVPlus USB Key server. Installing the PSVPlus network version is a 3 step process. Firstly the server software must be installed. Then the USB Key must be attached to the server. Finally the PSVPlus client software must be installed on each machine that will run PSVPlus. Note the PSVPlus license server is any PC on which the server software is installed. It does not have to be an existing network file server. 3.4.1 Installing Server Software and Key The PSVPlus server software is the Sentinel SHK product from Safenet Technologies. Full details of this product are given in the online manuals in the SysAdminHelp directory which may be found in the PSVPlus CD.
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Overview - Installing PSVPlus - Network
The following instructions are provided as a quick guide to installing your server software with a basic configuration. For more detailed information on the management of Sentinel SHK server consult the online manuals. Note that a network key may also be used as a standalone one, just attaching it to the PC USB port where PSVPlusTM has been installed. In this case, please refer to paragraph 3.2 above. The installation of the server software is similar to the installation of other Windows programs. The steps are: 1. Shut down other windows programs. The Windows Explorer program may be left open to start the server setup program if required. 2. Remove any other hardware keys attached to the computer ports. 3. Insert the PSVPlus CD Rom into your CD or DVD drive. If the AutoRun feature is enabled then the introductory screen will appear inviting you to start a client installation. If this happen, click the Cancel button to exit the client installation. 4. Open Windows Explorer, select the PSVPlus install CD and browse to the directory .PSV Plus X.X\PSV Plus X.X\Server. Double click on the program Setup.exe to run it. Alternatively you can click the Start button select Run and then type [Drive]:\Server\Setup.exe where [Drive] is the drive letter of your CD. Hit Enter to start the setup program. On starting the server setup program, just follow instructions on the screen. 5. Click the Next button to continue. 6. To complete server software installation just follow instructions on the screen. At this point the server software is installed and the server service will have been started. Click the Finish button to close the window. 7. You may wish to confirm that the server service has installed correctly by checking the list of running processes as follows: o o o o From the Start menu, point to Settings and click Control Panel. Double-click Administrative Tools. Double-click the Services icon. The Services dialog box appears. Locate the Sentinel Keys Server service. If the server is running, its status will be shown as Started.
8. Attach the USB to one of the computer ports available on the server machine. You have now completed the installation of server software and relevant Hardware Key and Clients need to be installed according to the following paragraph. 3.4.2 Installing PSVPlus Clients The installation of the PSVPlus client software is similar to the installation of other Windows programs. Please refer to Paragraph 3.2 for installation under Windows XP or Paragraph 0 for installation under Windows Vista for details. 3.4.3 Trouble Shooting Client In case of problems, please refer to the document: End-User troubleshooting guide for Sentinel SuperPro/UltraPro and Sentinel Hardware Keys by Safenet included in the PSVPlus CD for your convenience, in the directory \PSV Plus X.X\PSV Plus X.X\SysAdmin Help\SafeNet_Sentinel_EndUser_Guide.pdf. Alternatively, please contact us at support@psvplus.com specifying in detail the type of problem encountered.
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Overview - Remotely Updating the Hardware Key
3.5
Remotely Updating the Hardware Key In case your license has expired or you decide to purchase additional features, the Hardware Key that manages PSVPlus licenses can be updated remotely. In order to initiate the update process follow these steps: 1. Remove all other keys attached to the PC or server leaving only the key to be updated; 2. Insert PSVPlus CD Rom into your CD or DVD drive in the same machine where the key is attached to; 3. Browse to the CD directory .\PSV Plus X.X\PSV Plus X.X\Secure Update Utility 4. Launch (i.e double click) the file SecureUpdateUtility.exe and generate the request file (.req exstension). Send this file to password@psvplus.com. 5. When you receive the update code file (.upw), repeat the steps above and load the received file to update your key.
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PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Key Features
4 4.1
PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions Key Features PSVPlusTM is designed to help Process Engineers to calculate, design and prepare the Specification Sheets for Pressure Relief Valves. Typical users are Process Engineers involved in the Design of Chemical / Petrochemical plants, Gas Plants, Refinery and similar industrial applications. Calculation Codes Pressure Safety Valves calculations are carried out in full accordance with APT RP 520, 521 and 526. Engineering recommendations are also provided to assist the process engineer in the proper Relief valve parameters and type selection and calculation. PSVPlusTM TM provides a set of routines for the Gas, Liquid, Steam and Two-Phase relieving scenarios. The Two-Phase code provides four different calculation routines in accordance with Appendix D of API 520 latest edition. Interface to Aspen HYSYS (***) To automatically download physical properties calculated by Aspen HYSYS into a PSVPlus pressure relief valves database. Interface to Aspen Flarenet (***) To automatically download all PSVs and hydraulic calculations performed by Flarenet into a PSVPlus pressure relief valves database or, vice-versa, to populate a Flarenet database with a PSVPlus one. Process Data Sheet, Summary preparation Calculation Sheet and Relief Load Summary
Based on actual working specific requirement, the calculation modules can be linked to an AccessTM (*) database for preparation of the following documents; Process Specification Sheets (i.e. the data sheets normally prepared by the Process Engineer used by the Instrumentation Dept as basic information to purchase the PSVs); Summary Calculation sheet for PSV: the calculation sheet that summarizes all the scenarios considered for each PSV sizing, along with the most relevant data. This document is normally required by end users, authorities and certifying entities to ensure that all applicable emergency scenarios have been duly taken into consideration; Relief Load Summary: table normally used to show in a consistent format all the relieving rates and characteristics for plant general emergencies. Required for sizing and design of flare headers. Pressure relief valve mechanical datasheet: the datasheet normally prepared by Instrumentation specialist that summarizes all the technical details of a pressure safety valve. All the above reports will be generated automatically from the PSV calculation stage and can be exported to MS Excel. Interface to Smart Plant Instrumentation (*) The PSVPlus database has also been designed to be fully compatible with Smart Plant Instrumentation (ex-INToolsTM)(*) for automatic data download, if required. Fluid Physical Properties PSVPlusTM uses FluidPropTM(**) software for the calculation of single-components and mixture properties as defined by the user. More than 150 components and five
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different thermodynamic models are available to estimate fluid properties at relieving conditions. Determination of Relieving Rates, according to the applicable Emergency Scenario The rate to be discharged from a PSV is normally to be calculated assuming all the applicable emergency scenarios. This is a time consuming task that requires experience and often complex calculations. PSVPlusTM provides a set of routines to quickly guide the user towards the proper determination of this relieving rate, by suggesting typical parameters and procedures to be considered, in addition to calculation methods: Fire Load calculations PSVPlusTM eliminates the need to perform any fire load related calculation. The options available will calculate fire loads for both Wetted and Unwetted vessel surface cases. The calculated fire load depends on selected Vessels geometry, dimensions, elevation and fluid latent heat. Control Valve Failure A detailed calculation form is available to rigorously calculate the consequences of the complete opening of a control valve. Calculation routines take into account control valve CV calculation, if not already available, and will cover also gas break-through situation, which is one of the most frequent scenarios encountered. Fan Failure In case of failure of one or more fans the loss of cooling or condensing may lead to pressure increase in the system and subsequent opening of Pressure Safety Valve. Reflux Failure Failure of a column top or side reflux causes pressure increase in the system as higher vapour rate than normal will be present into the column. Exchanger Tube Rupture (Single and Mixed Phases) When the differential pressure between the two sides of a S&T heat exchanger is high, tube rupture contingency is a main concern since, should it occur, the low pressure side may see a pressure higher than design. Determination of relieving load for this case is accomplished using complex calculation routines in PSVPlusTM. Thermal Expansion Should a liquid filled portion of piping or equipment be blocked-in under solar radiation or any other heat source, this will cause pressurization due to specific volume change of the liquid. Calculation of relieving rate can be easily calculated through PSVPlusTM routines. General Power Failure, Cooling Water Failure, Fire, Blocked Outlet, etc Other emergency scenarios can be selected from a comprehensive list. However no standard calculation method exists for them and the Engineer will have to calculate them. PSVPlusTM provides facilities to record all the considerations made to achieve the relieving rate figure, for later use or documenting purposes. Seamless Integration between PSVPlusTM calculation module and MS Access(*) Database and Open Source Database Design MS Access(*) database environment can be accessed directly from within PSVPlusTM calculation engine. MS Access(*) database is distributed in the Open Source form, allowing the user to customize reports, adding Company logos and performing any kind of modification that is needed.
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All the PSV emergency scenario calculations are handled by PSVPlusTM calculation modules. The required reports are then made available in the database provided application. Inlet and Outlet lines Sizing Inlet and outlet lines sizing routines for both single and two-phase fluids are also Inlet and outlet lines sizing routines for both single and two-phase fluids are also available to the user to ensure correct piping design, following valve orifice calculation and selection. PSVPlusTM will automatically check that the specified back pressure of the valve is consistent with the one calculated across the outlet line and will alert the engineer in case of improper valve selection, based on the back pressure to upstream pressure ratio criteria. Inlet and outlet lines sizing is also checked against the pressure drop and velocity criteria commonly used. The option of sizing the outlet line for choked flow is also provided. Global Settings and Calculation Parameters Common calculation and parameter settings for all PSVs included in a database can be easily entered by the engineer. This ensures data and calculation consistency throughout the Project. Pressure Safety Valves back-pressures settings and line sizing velocity and pressure losses design criteria can be specified to have full control over the performed sizing for PSVs and associated inlet / outlet lines. API 2000 - Storage Tanks Normal and Emergency Venting calc's A procedure for evaluation of normal and emergency venting requirement for storage tanks is provided. Based on API 2000 Std., this procedure allows to calculate the normal in-breathing / out-breathing capacities and the maximum venting during a fire contingency. A preliminary estimation of the size of normal and emergency breathing devices is provided as well. On-line Guide and Quick Start PSVPlusTM is provided with an online help and a comprehensive quick start section that will guide the user through main software capabilities. One-hour self-training, using this tutorial will be sufficient for an experienced engineer to use the software. Technical reference and background is also provided in the manual. Man-hours saving and Quality Improvement PSVPlusTM has proven to be effective in saving man-hours up to 70% for the pressure safety valves calculation and process specification activities. Better quality assurance is also realised by the standardisation of calculation codes and data consistency among the various reports generated.
(*) ACCESSTM is a registered trademark by Microsoft Corp. SPI and INTOOLSTM is a registered trademark by Intergraph Corp. (**) P.Colonna, T.P. van der Stelt, 2004, FluidProp: a program for the estimation of thermo physical properties of fluids, Energy Technology Section, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands. (***) Aspen HYSYSTM and Aspen FlarenetTM are registered trademarks by Aspentech Corp.
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PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Usage modes of PSVPlusTM
4.2
Usage modes of PSVPlusTM PSVPlusTM can be used in two ways, depending on job requirements. Disconnected means that youre interested only in performing a single calculation session that involves no data collection and recording as normally associated with a complete Project requirement. In this mode of operation youll be able to use all calculation capabilities of PSVPlus (i.e. determination of relieving rate, calculation of the orifice, PSV selection based on standard API 526 orifices and flanges and design of PSV associated inlet and outlet lines size). The calculation prepared in this mode of operation can be saved as normal binary files that can be later imported in a database, if needed. Connected to Database: in this mode of operation, the user is connected to a predefined MS Access database for automatic preparation of the final process specification sheets, summary calculation sheet and the relief load summary.
4.2.1
Using PSVPlusTM in a disconnected mode When using PSVPlusTM in the disconnected mode, the user can perform calculations on PSVs and lines and save these calculations as a normal file for later retrieval and use or import in a database, if required. Each generated file will be relevant to only one calculation scenario. In this mode PSVPlus will use the following file extensions, based on the type of calculation module utilized: filename.vap filename.stm filename.liq filename.mxa filename.mxc filename.mxd for Vapour Relief Calculations; for Steam Relief Calculations; for Liquid Relief Calculations; for Mixed Phase Calculations Options A & B; for Mixed Phase Calculations Option C; for Mixed Phase Calculations Option D.
where filename is the name given by the user to the calculation file. Typically, this mode of operation is used when a valve has to be quickly checked against different relieving scenarios and no special reporting is needed. However, if required by the user, each of this calculation file can be later included in a database application using the Import command as discussed later in this document. Examples of file naming can be: a) 12_PRV_021 (Fire).vap for Pressure Relief Valve Item 021 in Unit 12, calculated against a Fire scenario Gas / Vapour Case; for the same Item as above, calculated against a CV failed open scenario Liquid Case;
b)
12_PRV_021 (CV Fails Open).liq
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PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Usage modes of PSVPlusTM
4.2.2
Using PSVPlus in a connected mode This operating mode differs from the previous one in that the calculation data for applicable emergencies for all valves are part of a Project and will be saved and stored together in a single database in a structured way. The connected database will be used to provide automatically the following additional documents and reports: Process Specification Sheet Document normally issued by the engineer, showing all the process data required for PSVs mechanical definition. Summary Calculation Sheet Document showing all the scenarios considered for PSV design along with relevant calculation results. The summary calculation sheet is normally required by Authorities and Customers to verify emergencies associated with PSVs design. Relief Load Summary Table showing the most significant relieving rates calculated for each safety valve, with special consideration to the general emergencies such as Power Failure, Cooling Water Failure and Fire occurrence in a given plot area. This report is normally used for designing flare headers, sub-headers and stacks. It is recommended that the user creates the database in a selected working directory and names it using some sort of convention (for example psv_1000.mdb may indicate all the PSVs for project 1000, or psv_1000_010.mdb may indicate PSVs in Proj. 1000 Unit 010). On large scale Projects, we recommend to create one database per process unit. The Database is designed to support multiple access from within the PSVPlus calculation engine, meaning that several engineers can update the same project database simultaneously. You may create as many databases as needed, without any limitation. The database reports can also be customized to accomplish to specific project needs. For example Company and Client logo can be easily added to the reports as well as any document numbering or identification code, as later discussed in this manual. This database has also been configured to be compatible with Smart Plant Instrumentation, formerly INTools (by Intergraph Corp.) for automatic data download, if required. Details on how to use the database follow in the Quick Start Examples Section and in a dedicated session.
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PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Calculation Options Screen
4.3
Calculation Options Screen When starting PSVPlus the following introductory screen will appear:
The Relief Calculation Options area can be used to select the calculation option of interest (i.e. Vapour, Steam, Liquid and Mixed Phases), the lower area Database Operations is used to manage PSVPlus linked database as described later in this document. By selecting one of the Relief Valve calculation option and then pressing the Start Calculation button the relevant calculation form will be shown. Note that the above screen can be used to access more than one calculation form at a single time. If required, all the six calculation forms for Vapour, Steam, Liquid and Mixed Phases can be opened at the same time in a multiple windows operating mode. Under the Database Operations group of buttons you will have the tools to manage the database application that can be invoked when using PSVPlus in a connected mode. Use the Create New Database button to generate a new database to be used for a new project. When accessing a previously generated database the Connect button shall be used instead.
18
PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Calculation Options Screen
Should you require to make a disconnected calculation during a connected session, just click on the Disconnect button. To make a safety copy of the database just use the Backup Database. Click on Start Database Environment to switch from PSVPlus calculation engine to PSVPlus database application. Note that the connected database is a normal .mdb file that can be started also from the Windows Explorer environment, just double clicking on it. When working in the connected mode, a number of commands are available to interact with Aspen Hysys(*) and Aspen Flarenet(*) programs as discussed later in this manual. Additionally some Database utilities commands are provided to manipulate PSVPlus databases. Using these commands, databases can be Duplicated for parallel trains, Merged and Compacted and Repaired.
(*)
Aspen HYSYSTM and Aspen FLARENETTM are registered trademarks by Aspentech Corp.
19
PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Quick Start Tutorial
4.4 4.4.1
Quick Start Tutorial Step 1 Create a Database Start PSVPlus and from the introductory screen (see par. 4.3) select select the button adjacent to the selected database field. The following form will appear:
Select any location in your PC or LAN and enter the desired Database Name. A possible name convention could be based on Project number and unit number (such as 1000 PSV 20, meaning PSV's in Unit 20 of Project n1000). Note that it is usually recommended to create one database per each process unit. Click on the 'Create' button and the DB will be created and connected. Note that a 'Database Navigation Form' will appear. This form is intended to show key for calculated PSV's and to navigate easily among them. As you can see, it is initially empty, but will be populated as PSV's are calculated. The file generated in this example is distributed with the program and located in the installation sub-directory (e.g. C:\Program Files\PSV Plus x.x\PSV Plus x.x\DB & EXAMPLES) and is named 1000 PSV 20.mdb. 4.4.2 STEP 2 Gas Relief CONTROL VALVE FAILURE This section shows how PSVPlusTM handles the Safety Relief Valve Sizing for Vapour or Gas relieving scenario. After completing 'Step 1' you're now connected to the database "1000 PSV 20" and calculations can be started. In the Start-up form, select the Vapour calculation option and click the Start Calculations button; the Vapour calculation module will then appear. Enter the following data: Valve Item 001 PSV 010 A
20
Service Fluid Name
Column Protection Hydrocarbon
Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid Name Field and the Properties calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data Calculation package Composition Basis 1st Component Name 1st Component Concentration 2nd Component Name 2nd Component Concentration PSV Set Pressure: Overpressure Relieving Temperature RefProp MassFract Hexane 0.5 isopentane 0.5 18 barG 10% 190 C properties will be calculated at set pressure plus accumulation
Clicking on Calculate button will give the following main results: Molecular Weight=78.54, Z=0.657, Viscosity=0.013 cP K(Cp/Cv) = 1.29. Now press the Confirm button to save and return back to the main form. Then enter the following data: Valve Type Conventional Conventional or Pilot Operated sets Kb = 1, by User. Balanced-Bellow sets Kb as Calculated. the body material will affect PSV and flanges rating selection allowable Over Pressure No sets to 10% F (F=Yes) sets to 21%. select by scrolling down on the Emergency Case field or by using the top menu bar under the Calcd Scenario menu or dedicated button on toolbar
Body Material Design Code Fire Case
Carbon Steel API 520, 521 No
Emergency Case
Control Valve Failure
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description PV-001 Fails Open and causes excess flow to low pressure side Check the option Control Valve CV Unknown failing control valve CV is not available. PSVPlusTM provides a method for estimating it
Type of Calculation:
21
rigorously. The following data are relevant to the Control Valve (not the PSV) design data (i.e. during control valve normal operation). Control Valve Calculation option Check the option Control Valve in Gas / Vapour Service 14000 kg/h 65 135 C 25 barG 5.0 bar 0.85 0.75 typical coefficient for control valves. For most applications use 0.75
Contr. Valve Design rate: Gas Mol. Weight: Gas Inlet Temperature Gas Inlet Pressure: Diff Press. Across Contrl. Valve: Gas Compressibility (Z): Critical Flow Coeff (Kv):
The following data are relevant to the Control Valve (not the PSV) process data during emergency scenario (i.e. when the valve fails open). Relieving Fluid Mol. Weight: Relieving Fluid Inlet Temperature Relieving Fluid Inlet Pressure Gas Compressibility (Z): PSV Set Pressure PSV Allowable Overpressure 78.5 190 C 28 barG 0.65 18 barG 10% ratio of CV Selected to CV Calculated. Data is first assumed and then checked with valve Vendor for critical systems. 2.5 is normally a conservative figure the rate normally feeding the downstream process units that can be deducted from calculated relieving rate, according to API.
CV Selected to CV calc. Ratio
2.5
Normal Flow to Process
1850 kg/h
Clicking on Calculate the value of 49101.4 kg/h will be shown. Confirm it and return back to the main form Discharge to Atmospheric Pressure LP Flare 1.013 bar A low pressure flare header site barometric pressure
22
Relieving Flow Relieving Temp Design Temp Compressibility Factor Molecular Weight Specific Heat Ratio Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Disk factor Kc Set Pressure Allowable Over Pressure
49101.4 kg/h 190 C 190 C 0.65 78.5 1.29 0.013 cP No 1.0 18 bar G 10 % constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal head for a flare system. varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency scenario considered (i.e. general power failure, cooling water failure, etc..). This will be added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. applies only to Balanced-Bellows type valves Changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will automatically re-execute valve sizing. No automatically sets Kc = 1.0 Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. PSV flange rating selection is based on design temperature.
Superimposed Const. Back Pressure
1.013 bar A
Superimposed Variab. Back Pressure
0 bar
Builtup Back Pressure
0.3 bar
Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kb Calculated Orifice UOM
0.975 1.0
in2
Once all the above data have been entered, press the Run Orifice Sizing button on the top graphical menu. The calculated orifice is 2.795 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. The user now selects the next larger size orifice i.e. 2.853 in2 size (4 L 6). Inlet flange rating is 300 / Outlet flange rating is 150. Warning:the orifice and flanges rating selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations.
23
Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Based on the selected valve PSVPlusTM auto initialises the diameter of the In / Out lines. There are a number of predefined fields such as equivalent length and roughness that the user can change to match the calculation case, along with their own Units of Measurement. By executing the lines sizing with respectively 4 and 6 sizes for inlet and outlet lines, the following message will appear: Outlet Line Error: Fluid Velocity at Pipe Exit is higher than Critical Velocity. Do you want to design the line for sonic flow ? Click No Change outlet line size to 10 in and repeat the calculation. Inlet Line Error: Calculated Pressure Drop is higher than 3% of Set Pressure. Modify Your Specifications. Outlet Line Error: Calculated Pressure Drop is Higher than Specified Builtup Backpressure. For the inlet line the size has to be changed to 6 in. For the outlet line, as shown on the screen the calculated Pressure Drop is 0.408 bar, which is higher than the Builtup back-pressure of 0.3 bar estimated during PSV orifice calculation. Revise the latter figure from 0.3 to 0.5 bar and re-execute the orifice sizing. The orifice calculation will not be affected by the revised figure. Re-executing the line sizing results in no Error messages, indicating that the PSV and line calculations are now correctly completed for 6 in (inlet) and 10 in (outlet). the valve calculation in the database using the relevant button on the Save bottom left of the screen. A Valve Sizing calculation report is available for printing. Scenario and Properties Reports are also available from the top menu. Note: to correctly preview and print these Reports, you must open the relevant scenario or properties form and click on the Cancel or Confirm button at least once during the calculation session. Please refer to the Technical Reference section of this manual for details relevant to Inlet / Outlet lines sizing criteria.
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4.4.3
STEP 3 Gas Relief FIRE LOAD CALCULATION It is assumed that your are still connected to the database generated in previous steps. Should this not be the case, start PSVPlus and from the initial screen press the 'Connect' button. In the database selection screen select the sample database generated in previous steps. Start the Vapor Calculation option, locate the calculation performed at step 2 and click on the 'Duplicate' button. In the 'New Valve Item' screen leave the pre-defined one, 001 PSV 010 A, meaning that you will create a new calculation for the same valve item. Change the field Emergency Case to Fire. This will automatically change the Fire Case field to F and change the Allowable Over Pressure to 21 %. Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid field and the properties calculation form will show. Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid Name Field and the Properties calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data Calculation package Composition Basis 1 Component Name 1st Component Concentration 2nd Component Name 2 Component Concentration PSV Set Pressure: Overpressure Relieving Temperature
nd st
RefProp MassFract Hexane 0.5 isopentane 0.5 18 barG 21% 190 C Molecular Weight=78.54, Z=0.582, properties will be calculated at set pressure plus accumulation
Clicking on 'Calculate' button will give the following main results: Relieving Temperature=187.57 C, Viscosity=0.013 cP, K(Cp/Cv) = 1.5.
Click the button adjacent to Emergency Case (Fire) to open the Fire calculation form and enter the following data (vessel n1 only): Wetted Surface Adequate drainage. Vessel n1 Active Vessel n1 Item Vessel Type Diameter Height Liquid Level Checked Checked Checked D-301 Horizontal 4800 mm 12000 mm 4500 mm horizontal vessel length from tan or bottom (H) active includes the calculation results in the total fire load. Note that the un-wetted surface calculation option is also available
25
Vessel Elev. from Grade Flame Height from Grade Include Piping Contribution Environmental Factor F Fluid Latent Heat
1000 mm 7620 mm 15% by User 45.4 kcal /kg
to tan or bottom
imported from the properties calculation form
Leave the other two vessels fields unchanged to exclude them from calculations (i.e. one PSV protects only one vessel). Click the Calculate button and you will get 70917 kg/h as a fire load. Click Confirm button and this figure will be automatically imported in the Vapour Relief Calculation form. Leave the other fields unchanged. Execute the Valve sizing: calculated orifice will now be 3.301 in2. Select the orifice 4 M 6, use the inlet and outlet lines sizes of 6 in and 10 in respectively and run the lines sizing. The following error messages will be shown: Outlet Line Error: Calculated Pressure Drop (0.819 bar) is higher than specified Builtup Back Pressure (0.5). Modify your specifications ! To fix the sizing, we can revise the specified builtup back pressure term from 0.5 to 1.0 bar, an re-run the valve sizing to ensure that this change does not affect the orifice sizing. Now run again the line sizing to confirm that the proposed sizing is suitable for the service. Valve calculation details, Properties and Fire Scenario data can now be reviewed by previewing the relevant Report. Note: to correctly preview and print these Reports, you must open the relevant scenario or properties form and click on the 'Cancel' or 'Confirm' button at least once during the calculation session. Save the generated calculation.
26
4.4.4
STEP 4 Liquid Relief SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGER TUBE RUPTURE This section shows how PSVPlusTM handles the PSV Sizing for Liquid relieving scenario. It is assumed that your are still connected to the database generated in previous steps. Should this not be the case, start PSVPlus and from the initial screen press the 'Connect' button. In the database selection screen select the sample database generated in previous steps. Start the Liquid Calculation option. Enter the following data: Valve Item Service Fluid Name 001 PSV 011 A Surge Vessel Protection Liquid Hydrocarbon
Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid Name Field and the Properties calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data Calculation package Composition Basis 1 Component Name 1 Component Concentration 2nd Component Name 2 Component Concentration 3rd Component Name 3rd Component Concentration PSV Set Pressure: Overpressure Relieving Temperature
nd st st
RefProp MassFract cyclohexane 0.25 decane 0.45 heptane 0.3 4.5 barG 10% 100 C properties will be calculated at set pressure plus accumulation
Clicking on Calculate button will give the following main results: Molecular Weight=109.56, Vapour Quality=0 (all liquid), Specific Gravity= 0.651. Confirm it to return back to the main form Valve Type Body Material Design Code Fire Case Emergency Case Balanced-Bellow Carbon Steel API 520, 521 No Exchanger Tube Rupture allowable Over Pressure No sets to 10% F (F=Yes) sets to 21%. select by scrolling down on the Emergency Case field or by using 27 conventional or Pilot Operated sets Kb = 1, by User. Balanced-Bellow sets Kb as Calculated.
the top menu bar, under the Calcd Scenario menu Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Fluid Flowing from Shell to Tube Design Press @ Low Press Side Allowable Overpressure Tube Inside Diameter Operating Press @ High Press Side Liquid Spec. Gravity Low Pressure Side of 100-E-201 fails and liquid flows from Shell to Tube Checked 4.5 barG 10% 1.2 in 105 bar G 0.651
Click on the Calculate button and get the result that should be 359326 kg/h. Press Confirm and return to the main form. Discharge to Relieving Flow Relieving Temp Design Temp Specific Gravity Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Disk factor Kc Set Pressure Sewer 359326 kg/h 100 C 100 c 0.651 400 cP No 1.0 4.5 bar G No sets Kc = 1.0 Yes sets Kc = 0.9 Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. automatically entered, based on Exchanger Tube Rupture provided information automatically entered, based on Exchanger Tube Rupture provided information constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal automatically entered, based on Exchanger Tube Rupture provided information automatically entered, based on Exchanger Tube Rupture provided information
Allowable Over Pressure
10 %
1.013 bar A
28
head for a flare system. varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency scenario considered (i.e. general power failure, cooling water failure, etc..). This will be added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. this factor applies only to Balanced-Bellow type valves changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will results in the automatic execution of valve resizing
Superimposed Variable. Back Pressure
0 bar
Builtup Back Pressure
0.3 bar
Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kw Kw Calculation Option Calculated Orifice UOM
0.65 1.0 Calculated in

2
Once all the above data have been entered, press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 10.149 in2. It should be noted that the program automatically calculates the Balanced-Bellow factor Kw = 1.0 and the Viscosity correction factor Kv = 0.957 The user should now select a larger size orifice i.e. the 11.058 in2 size (6- 150# Q 8 150#). Warning: the orifice selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Based on selected Pressure Relief Valve (i.e. 6 Q 8) PSVPlusTM initialises the In / Out lines diameter. There are a number of predefined fields such as equivalent length and roughness that the user can change to match properly the calculation case, along with their Units Of Measurements. By executing the lines sizing with respectively 6 and 8 sizes for inlet and outlet lines, the following messages will appear: Inlet Line Error: Maximum Pressure Drop exceeded. Outlet Line Error: Calculated Pressure Drop (0.806 bar) is higher than Specified Built-up Back Pressure (0.3 bar). Modify Your Specifications. The above shows that there are problems with both Inlet and Outlet Line sizing. Please refer to the Technical Reference section of this manual for details relevant to Inlet / Outlet lines sizing criteria. Change inlet line size to 8 in and outlet to 10 in and repeat the calculation. The same error messages as above will appear. PSVPlusTM Users Manual 29
Change the initial estimate for the inlet line equivalent length from 50m to 5m and the outlet line length from 50m to 25m. Re-run the line sizing and no error messages will appear. Save the generated calculation.
30
4.4.5
STEP 5 Liquid Relief THERMAL EXPANSION This section shows how PSVPlusTM handles the Safety Relief Valve Sizing for Liquid relieving scenario. It is assumed that your are still connected to the database generated in previous steps. Should this not be the case, start PSVPlus and from the initial screen press the 'Connect' button. In the database selection screen select the sample database generated in previous steps. Start the Liquid Calculation option, locate the calculation performed at step 4 and click button. In the 'New Valve Item' screen leave the pre-defined on the 'Duplicate' one, 001 PSV 011 A, meaning that you will create a new calculation for the same valve item. Enter the following data: Emergency Case Thermal Expansion
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Heat Input Liquid Spec. Gravity Liquid Specific Heat Cubical Expansion Coefficient Blocked in liquid filled vessel under solar radiation 620,000 kcal/h 0.668 0.1 kcal/ (kg C) 0.0008 1/F
Click on the Calculate button and get the result that should be 8936 kg/h. Press Confirm and return to the main form. Enter the following data: Discharge to Relieving Flow Sewer 8936 kg/h automatically set by the program
Leave the other fields unchanged Press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 0.275 in2. Select the orifice 0.307 in2 corresponding to 1 - 150# F - 2 - 150#. It should be noted that the program automatically calculates the Balanced-Bellow factor Kw = 1.0 and the Viscosity correction factor Kv = 0.867. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing For this scenario, a 3 in inlet line and 4 in outlet line sizing is adequate. Save the generated calculation.
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4.4.6
STEP 6 Steam Relief FAN FAILURE This section shows how PSVPlusTM handles the Safety Relief Valve Sizing for Steam relieving scenario. It is assumed that your are still connected to the database generated in previous steps. Should this not be the case, start PSVPlus and from the initial screen press the 'Connect' button. In the database selection screen select the sample database generated in previous steps. In the Start-up form, select the Steam calculation option and click the Start Calculations button; the Steam calculation module will then appear. Valve Item Service Fluid Name 001 PSV 035 Steam Header Steam
Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid Name Field and the Properties calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data Calculation package Composition Basis 1st Component Name 1 Component Concentration PSV Set Pressure: Overpressure Relieving Temperature
st
IF97 MassFract Water 1.0 1600 psiG 10% 620 F
IF97 is property package to be used when handling water / seam related calculations
properties will be calculated at set pressure plus accumulation
Clicking on Calculate button will give the following main results: Molecular Weight=18.02, Vapour Quality=1 (all steam), Compressibility (Z) = 0.618, Viscosity = 0.021 cP. Confirm it to return back to the main form Valve Type Body Material Design Code Fire Case Emergency Case Conventional Carbon Steel API 520, 521 No Fan failure the body material will affect PSV and flanges rating selection
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Design Air Cooler Condensing Rate % of Rate still condensed by Natural Convection Steam Condenser EA-230 fan fails. Rate 87020 kg/h percent rate (referred to the design one) of condensation still achieved by natural convection heat exchange when the fans 32
20%
fail. Click on the Calculate button and get the result that should be 69616 kg/h. Press Confirm and return to the main form. Discharge to Atmospheric Pressure Relieving Flow Relieving / Design Temp Compressibility Factor Molecular Weight Specific Heat Ratio Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Set Pressure Allowable Over Pressure Atmosphere 1.013 bar A 69616 kg/h 620 F 1.0 18 1.4 0.015 cP No 1600 psi G 10 % constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal head for a flare system. varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency scenario considered (i.e. general power failure, cooling water failure, etc..). This will be added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. setting this figure to No will automatically set Kc = 1.0 site barometric pressure
1.013 bar A
0 bar
Built up Back Pressure
5 bar
Valve Coeff (Ksh) Coeff Ksh Option Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kb Disk factor Kc
1 Calculated 0.975 1.0 1.0 this factor applies only to Balanced-Bellow type valves Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will results in the automatic execution of valve resizing
Calculated Orifice UOM
In
33
Once all the above data have been entered, press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 1.726 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. The user is now allowed to select a larger size orifice i.e. the 1.838 in2 size (3 1500# K 6 300#). Warning: the orifice selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Based on selected Pressure Relief Valve (i.e. 3 K 6) PSVPlusTM initializes the In / Out lines diameter. There are a number of predefined fields such as equivalent length and roughness that the user can change to match properly the calculation case. Change the Inlet / Outlet lines size to respectively 4 in XS and 8 in 80S. Change the inlet line equivalent length to 20 mt; change the Specified Built-up Back Pressure from 5 to 8 bar and accept sizing the outlet line for Sonic Flow. Line sizing will be executed without any Warning message. However be aware that the outlet line has been sized considering sonic flow, and it must be properly addressed on Project documentation. Save the generated calculation.
34
4.4.7
STEP 7 Steam Relief GENERAL POWER FAILURE Start PSVPlus and from the initial screen press the 'Connect' button. In the database selection screen select the sample database generated in previous steps. Start the Steam Calculation option, locate the calculation performed at step 6 and click on the 'Duplicate' button. In the 'New Valve Item' screen leave the predefined one, 001 PSV 035 A, meaning that you will create a new calculation for the same valve item. Change the field Emergency Case to General Power Failure. Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid field and the properties calculation form will show. Click on the button adjacent to the Fluid Name Field and the Properties calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Calculation package Composition Basis 1 Component Name 1st Component Concentration 1st Component Name 1 Component Concentration 1st Component Name PSV Set Pressure: Overpressure Relieving Temperature
st st
IF97 MassFract Water 1.0 Water 1.0 water 1600 psiG 10% 620 F
IF97 is property package to be used when handling water / seam related calculations
properties will be calculated at set pressure plus accumulation
Clicking on 'Calculate' button will give the following main results: Molecular Weight=18.02, Vapour Quality=1 (all steam), Compressibility (Z) = 0.618, Viscosity = 0.021 cP, k (Cp/Cv) = 2.7. Confirm it to return back to the main form. Back in the main PSV form, change the Relieving Flow figure to 120,000 kg/h and leave the others parameters unchanged. Now press the Run Valve Sizing button on the top graphical menu. The calculated orifice is 2.975 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. The user is now allowed to select a larger size orifice i.e. the 3.6 in2. However, when this orifice is selected, the following warning message will appear: Warning. Set pressure too high for this valve selection. This means that the selected valve cannot be designed for such a high set pressure, in accordance with standard design presented in API 526. The solution here is to split the valve into two smaller PSV's each designed for half of the capacity, since smaller valves can be designed for higher set pressures, as depicted on API 526.
35
So, revise the Relieving Flow figure to 60,000 kg/h. Also the Overpressure term shall be changed to 16% in accordance with API 520 instructions for multiple devices installation. Run again the valve sizing and get a calculated orifice of 1.401 in2. A larger orifice of 1.838 in2 can be selected, resulting in a 3" - 1500# K 6" - 300# PSV selection. Running the Line Sizing for different pipe sizes, you'll find a suitable solution with 4" for the inlet line and 14" for the outlet one. Now you need to size also the second valve. So 'Duplicate' this one and change the prefix to 'B'. For the valve 'B' you need to increase the set pressure by 5% to 1680 psig and the overpressure to 10%, in accordance with API 520. Run the valve sizing and get a calculated orifice of 1.408 in2. Same PSV selection and line sizing as for valve 'A' apply.
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4.4.8
STEP 8 Mixed Phase Relief OPTIONS A & B This section shows how to handle PSV Sizing for Mixed Phase Options A & B. The following example is the same as the one shown on API RP 520 7th Ed. Appendix D. Start PSVPlus and connect to the Database of previous steps. In the Start-up form, select the Mixed Phase Relief calculation option; the '2-Phase Calculation Options' will be enabled: select Option A under the column API 520 7th Ed. and click the Start Calculations button; Mixed Phase Options A & B calculation module appears. Enter the following data: Valve Item Service Valve Type 001 PSV 01 Column Protection Balanced Bellow conventional or Pilot Operated sets Kb = 1, by User. Balanced-Bellow sets Kb as Calculated. allowable Over Pressure No sets to 10% F (F=Yes) sets to 21%.
Fire Case Emergency Case
No User Defined
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Relieving Flow Operational Upset 477430 lb/h
Press Confirm and return to the main form. Discharge to: Atmospheric Pressure Relieving Flow Relieving Temp Spec. Heat Ratio K Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Set Pressure Allowable Over Pressure Flare 1.013 bar A 477430 lb/h 200 F 1.25 0.3 cP No 60 psi G 10 % constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal head for a flare system. setting this figure to No automatically sets Kc = 1.0 site barometric pressure automatically filled-in by the program
1.013 bar A
37
0 bar
varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency scenario considered (i.e. general power failure, cooling water failure, etc..). This will be added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. applies only to Balanced-Bellows type valves Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will results in the automatic execution of valve resizing
Built-up Back Pressure
15 psi
Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kb Disk factor Kc
0.85 1.0 1.0
in
Select the Flashing multi-component system with Nominal Boiling Range greater than 150 F option. The non-required 2-phase fields will be automatically disabled. Enter the following 2-Phase related data: Vapour Mass Fraction (xo) Specific Vapour Volume (V vo) Specific Liquid Volume (V lo) Specific 2 Ph Volume (Vo) Latent Heat of Vap. (H vlo) Liquid Spec Heat (Cp) Specific 2 Ph Volume (V9) Not required Not required Not required 0.3116 ft3/lb Not Required Not Required Vapour mass fraction specific volume of the Vapour specific volume of the liquid specific volume of the 2-Phase system latent heat of Vapourization Liquid specific heat at constant pressure specific volume of the 2-Phase system at 90% of PSV inlet pressure (i.e. set pressure + allowable over pressure)
0.3629 ft3/lb
Once all the above data have been entered, press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 38.04 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. Since the calculated orifice is larger than the maximum available orifice on the market, the flow must be split in at least two valves and the orifice re-calculated. Therefore set the Relieving flow as follows:
38
Relieving Flow
238715 lb/h
Also change the Allowable Overpressure to 16%. Run again the valve sizing and an orifice of 18.612 in2 will be calculated. Now select a 26 in2 PSV (8T10 with inlet and outlet flange of rating 150). Warning: the orifice selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Click on the Line Sizing button to enter the form to calculate inlet and outlet line sizes. Change inlet pipe diameter to 10 in and outlet pipe diameter to 12 in and run the calculation. Satisfactory results will be found for the maximum allowable equivalent lengths. Click Confirm to go back to main calculation form. Save the valve calculation. Now you need to size also the second valve. So 'Duplicate' this one and change the prefix to 'B'. For the valve 'B' you need to increase the set pressure by 5% to 63 psig and the overpressure to 10%, in accordance with API 520. Run the valve sizing and get a calculated orifice of 18.645 in2. Same PSV selection and line sizing as for valve 'A' apply.
39
4.4.9
STEP 9 Mixed Phase Relief OPTION C This section shows how to handle PSV Sizing for Mixed Phase Option C scenario. The following example is based on API RP 520 7th Ed. - Appendix D. Start PSVPlus and connect to the Database of previous steps. In the Start-up form, select the Mixed Phase Relief calculation option; the '2-Phase Calculation Options' will be enabled: select Option C under the column API 520 7th Ed. and click the Start Calculations button; Mixed Phase Option C calculation module appears. Enter the following data: Valve Item Service Fluid Name 001 PSV 356 Vessel Protection Propane conventional or Pilot Operated sets Kb = 1, by User. Balanced-Bellow sets Kb as "Calculated". allowable Over Pressure No sets to 10% F (F=Yes) sets to 21%.
Valve Type
Conventional
Fire Case Emergency Case
No User Defined
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Relieving Flow Blocked in pump 11612 kg/h
Press Confirm and return to the main form. Discharge to: Atmospheric Pressure Relieving Temp Specific Gravity Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Set Pressure Allowable Over Pressure Flare 1.013 bar A 60 F 0.512 0.35 cP No 260 psi G 10 % constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal head for a flare system. varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency scenario considered (i.e. general setting this figure to No will automatically set Kc = 1.0 site barometric pressure
1.013 bar A
Superimposed Variable. Back Pressure
0 bar
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power failure, cooling water failure, etc..). This will be added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. this factor applies only to Balanced-Bellow type valves Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will results in the automatic execution of valve resizing
10 psi
Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kb Disk factor Kc Calculated Orifice UOM
0.65 1.0 1.0
in
Select the Single component far from thermodynamic critical point option. The non-required 2-phase fields will be automatically disabled. Enter the following 2-Phase related data: Saturation Pressure (Ps) Specific Vapour Volume (V vs) Specific Liquid Volume (V ls) Latent Heat of Vap. (H vls) Liquid Spec Heat (Cp) Liquid Density (Rho l9) 107.6 psi A 1.001 ft3/lb 0.03160 ft3/lb 152.3 Btu/lb 0.6365 Btu/(lb F) Not required saturation (Vapour) pressure corresponding to inlet temperature specific volume of the Vapour specific volume of the liquid latent heat of Vaporization Liquid specific heat at constant pressure at PSV inlet liquid density evaluated at 90% of saturation pressure
Once all the above data have been entered, press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 0.209 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. The user can now select a larger size orifice (i.e. 1.5 F 2). Warning: the orifice selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Click on the Line Sizing button to enter the form to calculate inlet and outlet line sizes. Change inlet pipe diameter to 2 in and outlet pipe diameter to 6 in and run the calculation. Satisfactory results will be found for the maximum allowable equivalent lengths. Click Confirm to go back to main calculation form. Save the valve calculation.
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4.4.10 STEP 10 Mixed Phase Relief OPTION D This section shows how to handle PSV Sizing for Mixed Phase Option D scenario. The following example is based on API RP 520 7th Ed. - Appendix D. Start PSVPlus and connect to the Database of previous steps. In the Start-up form, select the Mixed Phase Relief calculation option; the '2-Phase Calculation Options' will be enabled: select Option D under the column API 520 7th Ed. and click the Start Calculations button; Mixed Phase Option C calculation module appears. Enter the following data: Valve Item Service 001 PSV 075 Gas Oil Hdt conventional or Pilot Operated sets Kb = 1, by User. Balanced-Bellow sets Kb as "Calculated". allowable Over Pressure Fire Case Emergency Case No User Defined "No" sets to 10% "F" (F=Yes) sets to 21%.
Valve Type
Conventional
Click on the button adjacent to the Emergency Case Field and the scenario calculation Form will be opened. Enter the following data: Scenario Description Relieving Flow Operational Upset 153830 lb/h
Press Confirm and return to the main form. Discharge to: Atmospheric Pressure Relieving Temp Specific Heat Ratio (K) Fluid Viscosity Rupture Disk Upstream Set Pressure Allowable Over Pressure Flare 1.013 bar A 450 F 1.0 0.35 cP No 600 psi G 10 % constant superimposed pressure in the discharge system. Can be the atmospheric pressure for a system discharging to atmosphere or the atmospheric pressure plus the hydraulic seal head for a flare system. varying back pressure that is a function of the emergency 42 setting this figure to No will automatically set Kc = 1.0 site barometric pressure
1.013 bar A
Superimposed Variab.
0 bar
Back Pressure
scenario (i.e. general power or cooling water failure, etc..). This is added to the Superimposed Constant Back pressure. P across the outlet line during relieving scenario. This is a first estimate and will be later checked against the outlet line sizing calculation. this factor applies only to Balanced-Bellow type valves Kc = 0.9 when a rupture disk is installed upstream. changing the Units Of Measurement to cm2 will results in the automatic execution of valve resizing
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Discharge Coefficient Kd Back Pressure Factor Kb Disk factor Kc
0.85 1.0 1.0
in
Select the False option, since the system has a nominal boiling range greater than 150 F. The non-required 2-phase fields will be automatically disabled. Enter the following 2-Phase related data: Gas/Vap Mass Fraction (xo) Specific Vapour Volume (V vo) Specific Liquid Volume (V lo) Specific 2 Ph Volume (Vo) Specific Vap/gas Vol. (V vo) Gas mole fraction (Y go) 0.5596 Not required Not required 0.1549 ft3/lb 0.2462 ft3/lb Not required combined gas / Vapour mass fraction specific volume of the Vapour only (no gas) specific volume of the liquid specific volume of the 2-Phase system specific volume of the combined Vapour / gas system gas mole fraction in the Vapour phase Saturation (Vapour) pressure corresponding to inlet temperature. For multicomponent systems use bubble point pressure latent heat of vaporization at constant pressure specific volume of the 2-Phase system at 90% of PSV inlet pressure (i.e. set pressure + allowable over pressure)
Saturation Pressure (P vo) Latent Heat of Vap. (H vlo) Liquid Spec Heat (Cp) Specific 2 Ph Volume (V9)
Not required
Not Required Not Required 0.1737 ft3/lb
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Once all the above data have been entered, press the Execute button. The calculated orifice is 2.724 in2 and the flow is found to be Critical. The user can now select a larger size orifice (i.e. 4 - 300# L 6 - 150#) Warning: the orifice selection must be considered preliminary and shall always be checked against Valve Mfr. Calculations. Inlet / Outlet lines Sizing Click on the Line Sizing button to enter the form to calculate inlet and outlet line sizes. Change inlet pipe diameter to 6 in and outlet pipe diameter to 10 in and run the calculation. Satisfactory results will be found for the maximum allowable equivalent lengths. Click Confirm to go back to main calculation form. Save the valve calculation in the database. 4.4.11 STEP 11 - Review the calculations and select sizing cases and Items for the Relief Load Summary Sizing Case Selection Start PSVPlus and 'Connect' to the Database of previous steps. After connecting, the Database Navigation Form (see par. 5.2) will appear, showing key data of the linked database. Now you have performed the scenario's calculations and the sizing case for each valve should be selected. For the first valve 001 PSV 010 A the sizing case is the one relevant to the FIRE emergency. Therefore you can highlight this row and click on the 'Open Record' button. Now that 001 PSV 010 A record has been opened the field Is this the sizing case for this valve item ? shall be set to Yes. Do the same for all the other items in the database, paying attention to not specify more than one sizing case for each item. Consider that for each specified sizing case a process data sheet (see par. 5.3.1.1) will be prepared. Note that 001 PSV 020 A/B and 001 PSV 035 A/B (General Power Failure) are both sizing cases since the flow has been split. Selection of items to show in Relief Load Summary In the field Do you want to include this scenario in the Relief Load Summary we can specify which scenarios (either sizing or non-sizing) are of interest for this document, that is normally used as the basis for flare headers and sub-headers design. For this tutorial we will specify Yes for all the calculations included in the database. 4.4.12 STEP 12 - Create Process Data Sheets Start PSVPlus and 'Connect' to the Database of previous steps.
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In the Calculation Options Screen (see par. 4.3) press the 'Start DB Environment' button. A new application will be started, showing the Database Engine main menu. From this menu select the 'Data Sheet Fill-in' button and the data sheet data entry form is shown, including the eight records that we have specified as 'Sizing Case' in the previous step. This form shall be used to enter data that were not required during the calculation stage, but are required to complete the process data sheets. Typical examples of such data are operating pressure and temperature, notes and document revision information. Once the data have been entered, the data sheet report can be previewed. This report can also be customized (see par. 5.3.2), adding your Company Logo, document number, client document number, revision index, headers, footer, etc... Similar considerations apply to the automatically generated Summary Calculation Sheets and Relief Load Summary documents. 4.4.13 Aspen Hysys and Aspen Flarenet sample applications The usage instructions for interface routines to Aspen Hysys and Aspen Flarenet is fully referenced in the following paragraphs. In order to help the user to become familiar with interface capabilities some sample applications have been included in the directory PSV Plus x.x\PSV Plus x.x\Calc Files & Database\ as described here below. HYSYS Sample HYSYS Demo.hsc compression. PSVPlus-HYSYS Demo.mdb from HYSYS Flarenet Sample Demo Step 1.fnw FNT Demo Step 1.mdb PSVPlus-FNT Demo-Step 1.mdb PSVPlus-FNT Demo-Step 2.mdb FNT Demo-Step 3.mdb Demo Step 2.fnw FNT Demo- Step 3.mdb PSVPlus-FNT Demo Step 3.mdb - Basic Flarenet model, no sizing done - Database exported from above Flarenet case ready for import to PSVPlus - PSVPlus database with newly imported sources from Flarenet - PSVPlus database with sized PSVs ready to export to Flarenet - Database exported from PSVPlus ready to import in Flarenet - Flarenet PSVPlus case after importing updates from - Simple HYSYS sample model file. 2 stage gas - PSVPlus database with newly imported sources
- Database exported from Flarenet case after rating calculation using PSVPlus updates - PSVPlus database with results crosscheck with Flarenet database. 45
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Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode - Database creation and management
Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode The connected to database mode of usage of PSVPlusTM usually applies to the case where you need to handle a project including many PSVs each with several calculation scenarios. The data for all the Project valves can be included in one single database. For large projects this would probably be unmanageable so the preferred approach would be to have as many databases as there are Process Units. This approach would ensure greater data consistency throughout the PSVs calculation and specification workflow. The following section describes how to use the database connection mode for execution of safety relief valves calculation and preparation of the following documents: o o o Process Data Sheet; Summary Calculation Sheet for PSV; Relief Load Summary.
Microsoft Access software (version 2000 or later) needs to be installed on the same User PC, in order to be able to take advantage of the described capabilities. The Microsoft Access generated database has been designed and configured to work in conjunction with PSVPlusTM calculation engine. However some degree of customization of this database is possible if required by the end user, such as for example adding a logo or creating user customized reports. 5.1 Database creation and management Start PSVPlusTM. In the initial form check the Vapour Relief calculation option and on the Database Link row click on the Create New Database button. The following form will then show:
On the form locate the destination directory where you want to save this database and on the database name field enter whatever name you consider appropriate. In
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Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode - Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Calculation Engine side
the example this is named 1000 PSV 20 (this may indicate PSVs belonging to unit 20 of Project N 1000). The database will be created and connected. The actual file name will be 1000 PSV 20.mdb. When you perform the database creation, actually PSVPlusTM simply copies the template database psv_db.mdb that is installed as hidden file in the same directory as PSVPlusTM . Therefore you can make modifications to the template psv_db.mdb to make them available to all databases you create later on. In case you have previously customized any PSVPlusTM database and would like to reuse the implemented customization for a new one, just check the Create new database from template checkbox and then browse to the database you would like to copy the customizations from. This function will allow to create a copy of the selected database with no data inside. The Access generated database is a simple Microsoft Office file and as such can be started either from PSVPlusTM calculation environment or from Windows explorer, just double-clicking on it, like any other Microsoft Office file (i.e. xls, doc, etc..). Note that when the Access database is started from within PSVPlusTM environment it will be shown in runtime mode and no modification will be possible. When started from Windows explorer instead its structure will be accessible and customizations features enabled. 5.2 Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Calculation Engine side Once a database has been created, it can be populated and updated in later sessions through PSVPlusTM calculation engine by using the Connect button, available in the initial form. The following dialog will show:
In the Selected Database field the full path of the selected database will be shown. Databases created with earlier versions of PSVPlus (such as 5.2, 5.3, 6.0) will be automatically recognized by the program and converted to be compatible with the current version of the calculation engine. The database update process will take place just once. If saved to a network location, the database can be accessed at the same time by multiple users. This means that many different PSVPlusTM calculation engines can be connected to the same database and update it at the same time. When starting a database directly from Windows Explorer, the database can also be accessed by multiple users at the same time, however in order to do so, the users
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shall start Microsoft Access first and then point to the desired file from File > Open menu, instead of double clicking on the file. After pressing Connect youll be returned to the Initial PSVPlusTM form. At this point a Database Navigation Form will appear, showing key information for all the PSVs included in the database. This form can be used to search specific PSVs or to open directly all the calculations relevant to the selected PSV. This form will remain in background when the calculation forms are invoked and will be useful to navigate through the database at any time during the job session. PSVs item cells will be colored depending on the status of the calculation relevant to each of them.
In the Initial form, press the Start Calculation button and the Vapour Relief calculation form will be opened as shown in the following figure. Note that the buttons on the bottom left corner of the form are now enabled, whereas they are disabled when using PSVPlusTM in the disconnected mode.
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BUTTONS ENABLED WHEN WORKING IN THE 'CONNECTED' MODE.
In more detail, the database management toolbar looks like the following
ADD NEW IMPORT DUPLICATE SEARCH
SAVE
DELETE
EXPORT
The meaning of each field / button is here below explained: o PSVs Browser: by using the left or right single arrows you can navigate backward and forward in the database. The field in between the arrows will show the number of record currently being viewed. this will add a new empty record ready to be filled-in. to save entered data and calculated values. Note that changed data will be saved anyhow (i.e. even when not pressing the Save button) when moving from one record to another. to import a previously calculated PSV created in the disconnected mode of operation. Note that the Import button will automatically invoke the New record creation (i.e. the imported calculation will not override the current one). 50
o Add New: o Save:
o Import:
o Delete: o Export: o Duplicate:
to completely delete the current record from the database. You will not be able to undo this operation. to export the current record to a single calculation file (i.e. this will be saved as .vap or .stm or .liq, etc file. to create an exact replica of the current record. Note that the duplication function can be used to create a record for a different scenario of an already calculated valve. to open a search dialog form.
o Search by Item:
Defining Sizing Case and Items for the Relief Load Summary Use the section below to specify these key information as described here below.
o Sizing Case .
This field is most important as it identifies the Sizing case for each Pressure Relief Valve among the various scenarios that may have been calculated for it. Note that you need to ensure that only one case has been selected for each valve.
o Relief Load Summary: Use this check box to indicate if you want to include the current scenario in the Relief Load Summary available in the Access driven application. Note that Cooling Water Failure, General Power Failure and Fire scenarios are included in the Relief Load Summary by default. When working in the connected to database mode you should be aware that every single modification you make during the calculation stage will be immediately reflected in the connected database and therefore on all related documentation such as Process Data Sheet and Relief Load Summary. All the data for all the Project valves may be included in one single, possibly large, database, even though the preferred approach would be to have as many databases as Process Units are. This approach ensures great data consistency throughout the PSVs calculation and specification workflow. 5.2.1 How to Specify General Settings for the Database Typically different Projects require different calculation parameters to be applied. PSVPlus provides a convenient way to specify custom parameters to apply to all valves present in a Database. When PSVPlus is started in the 'connected' mode, from the first calculation form started (i.e. vapour, liquid, steam and mixed phases ones) click on the top menu Settings > Global Setting buttons. The General Settings window will be raised. The first tab, shown below, defines the default pressures figures and maximum allowable back pressure criteria to be used during PSV sizing and selection.
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The second tab is relevant to default values to be used for lines and criteria to be adopted for line sizing. These criteria may vary from Company to Company and from project to project.
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The third tab is concerned with actual orifice area of PSV's. It happens that actual orifices declared by Manufacturers differ slightly from standard ones defined by API 526. This Tab can be used to adjust the actual orifices and / or use smaller and bigger orifices. See figure below for details.
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Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode - Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Access Environment side
To apply the above global settings to the whole database the relevant check box shall be clicked. Note that these settings will be effective only with new records in the database and not the existing ones. 5.3 Exploring database connection key features - PSVPlusTM Access Environment side After creating, connecting and populating or updating a database as discussed above you can enter the PSVPlusTM Access Environment in two ways. a) from PSVPlusTM Calculation Environment initial form, after connecting to the desired database, just press the button Start DB Environment as shown on figure below:
b) in the Windows Explorer, just browse to the location where you have created and stored your database file (file extension is .mdb) and double click to start it. See
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below sample figure. Note that in this case you dont need to open the PSVPlusTM calculation engine to start the associated database. In case multiple network users need to work at the same time directly (i.e. not through the PSVPlusTM Calculation Engine) on the same database, it is needed to start Microsoft Access application first and then open the desired file from the File > Open menu.
Note that starting the database from PSVPlusTM calculation environment (option a) above), will open it in runtime mode meaning that will not be possible to customize it. Upon opening the PSVPlusTM related database, the following start screen will appear: In the buttons menu you will have the following main group of functions: o o o o Data Sheets Summary Calculation Sheets Relief Load Summary Index Reports and Project Customization Emergency Scenarios Export to Excel
Additionally the following utilities buttons are available: o o o
Usage of any of the above functions is detailed in the following paragraphs.
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5.3.1
PSVPlusTM Access Environment Main Features Process data sheets are the specifications typically prepared by the process engineer and used by the Instrumentation engineer as the basis for adding mechanical information and issue them to Vendor for inquiry or purchase. Under the Data Sheets group you will find the Data Sheet Fill-in button. When pressing this button the following screen will show:
5.3.1.1 Process Data Sheets Group
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You will find that PSVPlusTM Calculation engine has already pre-prepared as many data sheets as indicated by you during the calculation stage when selecting as Yes the field: Is this the sizing case for this valve item ? Note that you need to ensure that one and only one calculation scenario for each valve item has been selected to be as the sizing one for each valve item. The data from the calculation stage has automatically been imported into the database therefore saving time and ensuring data consistency. Note that if you attempt to change any data in this form having a green background a warning message will be issued to inform that this operation will result in inconsistent data in the calculation engine. As a result of this operation, when the same record is re-opened under the calculation mode the input data will be inconsistent with the results. For example, if you change in this form the imported Relieving Temperature or Set Pressure this will lead to have inconsistent data under the calculation engine forms, whereas if you change in this form the Operating / Design Temperature this will have no effect on the calculations. The form above shall be used to enter additional data, not used during the calculation stage, to complete the information required to generate a Process Data Sheet. These additional data to be added normally range from the operating pressure and operating / design temperature to the critical pressure or Fire Area and Notes specific to the PSV process data sheet (that are different from Notes entered during the calculation stage). Under the same group, you will find the Data Sheet Report button that can be used to generate the process data sheets to be officially issued. This report includes a cover page and a list of all valves items included in the database, along with their individual revision index.
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This report can be customized as discussed later in this document. 5.3.1.2 Summary Calculation Sheets Group This document shows calculation details, for each Pressure Relief Valve, about the sizing case along with other upset cases investigated. Normally this document is required to properly perform HAZOP or similar relief evaluation sessions and give evidence to clients and authorities that due diligence has been conducted in evaluating the sizing for each Pressure Relief valve. As for the data sheets, you will find two buttons. The first one, Summary Calculation Sheet, is used to start a fill-in form provided to add additional information that was not used during calculation stage. All the data entered during the calculation stage of the valve has already been imported into the correct fields of this document. The other button, Summary Calc. Sheet Report, is used to generate the relevant report that can be customized to your specific requirement as discussed later in this manual. 5.3.1.3 Relief Load Summary Group The Relief Load Summary is a document in a tabular form used as basis to perform the sizing of flare headers and sub-headers. In the group buttons you will find; The Relief Load Summary form button will let you review the data that has automatically been imported from the calculation stage and add any required additional information similar to the other two input forms (i.e. data sheets and summary calculation sheets). In this form the PSVs are shown one by one, whereas in the Report they will be grouped in three or four valves per sheet. The General Power Failure, Cooling Water Failure and Fire cases are set by default to be shown by PSVPlusTM. Under the Other Causes column you can see any other scenarios where you have specified Yes for the field Do you want to include this scenario in the Relief Load Summary ?. With the button Cumulative Load Summary by Unit you will have access to a summary report that shows, unit by unit, totals for generalized emergencies and maximum discharges for individual ones. This report is likely to be used for flare header design. The Additional Items for Relief Load Summary button provides a means to enter additional sources discharging to flare headers that are not required to be calculated by the PSVPlusTM calculation engine. Typical examples of these are any emergency depressuring valves that although not pressure relief valves may be significant for sizing the flare header. The Relief Load Summary Report button will show the tabular Relief Load Summary report that you may customize to meet your specific needs. Note that you will need to have a printer with A3 paper format available in order to be able to properly see and print this report. 5.3.1.4 Non Sizing Emergency scenarios This is a form provided for your convenience, in case you want to complete a Summary calculation sheet or Relief Load summary report, without going back to PSVPlusTM calculation engine.
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Using the form below you can easily and quickly add additional non-sizing scenarios. Note that you need to match exactly the TAG Number of the main, sizing case, to allow the program to recognize this as a sub-case.
Also, you should note that you will see this case when re-opening the PSVPlusTM calculation engine with only partial figures be shown, since this case was not calculated. 5.3.1.5 Export to Excel Utility The three buttons present in this group provide a convenient way to export the generated report to Microsoft Excel. Exporting to Excel requires some computing time and the generated files may be of significant size when the source database is large. For example, exporting Summary Calculation Sheets for one hundred PSV sizing cases plus an average of two sub-cases for each valve will take from 30 to 60 seconds depending on the PC and the generated Excel file may be in excess of 150 MB. You should be aware that the export operation requires the specific excel file to be present in the same directory as the source database being exported. These template files are installed with PSVPlusTM normally in the directory C:\Program Files\PSV Plus x.x\PSV Plus x.x and are:
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o o o
PSV Data Sheet.xls Summary Calculation Sheet.xls Relief load Summary.xls
When you Create a database, the above files are automatically copied into the same directory as the database is. If you later move the database file you will get an error when trying to export to Excel. The template files must be present in the same directory as the database file. The Excel template file include just one empty (i.e. with no data) worksheet template of the document that will be created. This worksheet will then be multiplied and populated with data during the export operation. Should you require to customize the generated Excel reports (such as adding logos or changing document numbering), apply the modifications to the original template worksheet only, before export or copying and you will get all the customization repeated in all the generated worksheets. When customizing Excel worksheets consider that you cannot add rows or columns otherwise the cross references will be lost and export will have incorrect results. You may apply more in depth modifications by changing the export code in the Modules section of the Access database, but you need to have programming knowledge. Contact us if you require a third party development.
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5.3.2
Customizing PSVPlusTM Access Environment The most typical customizations required are adding a Project logo or changing the numbering of the generated documents. By pressing the Report and Project Customization button in the starting DB form you will enter the following tabbed dialog forms:
In the various tabbed forms the user is allowed to select a Project or Company logo, enter Project title and sub-title, give documents numbering and specify document issuers and relevant dates. See also the data sheet customization form below for more details:
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All the information entered in the above forms will show up in each generated report and will result in a complete job customization. To efficiently apply customisation to a database it should be noted that when a database is created actually PSVPlusTM makes a copy of a template empty database called psv_db.mdb located in the installation directory (e.g. C:\Program Files\PSV Plus x.x\PSV Plus x.x). So, should you require applying recurring customizations, you should modify psv_db.mdb once for all and not every single created database. Also, you may distribute the customized psv_db.mdb to your team to replace the standard one installed with PSVPlusTM. Consider that psv_db.mdb property is set as hidden file and therefore is not visible to the standard MS Windows open operation. After making a copy of it, the new database property shall be set to not hidden. This can be done selecting the file in the Windows explorer and clicking the Properties option from the menu that is opened right clicking on it; in the opened form, deselect the hidden checkbox. Alternatively, a previously customized database can be reused by using the Create new Database from Template function, available under the Create New Database button of PSVPlusTM Start screen, as shown below:
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Using PSVPlusTM in the connected to database mode - PSVPlusTM Interfaces to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet
5.4 5.4.1
PSVPlusTM Interfaces to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet Overview PSVPlus provides interfaces to allow information to be automatically transferred between the PSVPlusTM database and the Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet programs from Aspentech. The interface to Aspen HYSYS allows for import of fluid property data only. The interface to Aspen Flarenet allows for both import and export of fluid property data, PSV data and associated piping data. A results comparison option is also available to compare calculated results in PSVPlusTM and Flarenet. Each of the interfaces allows the user to select the PSVs that are to be created or updated during the import/export process and exactly which data items are to be transferred. This selection is stored to allow the import to be quickly repeated as data is changed. The interfaces also provide a compare mode to allow the data in the PSVPlusTM database to be checked against the data that would be imported or exported in a given run. The results of the import or export are summarised and can be saved in a log file for later reporting.
5.4.2
Starting an Import or Export Before starting an import or export from PSVPlus you must first be attached to a PSVPlusTM database. In order to do that PSVPlusTM shall be started and from the initial calculation options screen (see par. 4.3) the Connect button pressed and a valid PSVPlus database selected. Once the connection has been successfully established, you may click on one of the following buttons to initiate the import / export operations: o o o o Import Properties from HYSYS; Import PSVs from Flarenet; Export PSVs to Flarenet; Check Flarenet vs. PSV+ Results.
A detailed description of the functionality of each of the above buttons is included in the following paragraphs. 5.4.3 Aspen HYSYS Interface
5.4.3.1 General Description The interface between PSVPlus and Aspen HYSYS allows import of fluid property data from streams in a HYSYS simulation case. The import works through OLE Automation which means that both HYSYS and PSV Plus must be running during the import process. Details of the data values that are transferred are given below. The interface is controlled through a multiple page wizard to define each step of the process as follows:Page 1: Specifies the name of the HYSYS simulation case to be used and any administrative details required. Page 2: Displays a list of previous HYSYS imports and allows user to choose to repeat a previous HYSYS data import or create a new import definition. Page 3: Displays a list of all of the streams found in the HYSYS simulation case and the list of PSVs to be updated and their associated streams. Streams can be selected in the browser for import into a named PSV item and design case. Page 4: Allows the user to select which data values are to be imported.
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Page 5: Allows the user to start the import or compare process and monitor the results. When the run is completed it provides the option to save the log file. The wizard is configured to be a linear process and it is not possible to go backwards and forwards through the pages. The use of the interface will now be described in more detail. 5.4.3.2 HYSYS Import Process Page 1, Select Case
Figure 1 - HYSYS Import Page 1 The figure above shows page 1 of the HYSYS import interface. The input options on this page are used as follows Select HYSYS Case Text Input-Required This entry defines the name of the HYSYS case to be used for the import. Either type the full file name of the case or use the button to open a standard windows file browser to select it as shown in Figure 2 below. This is a required entry.
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Figure 2 - File Selection Dialog Import By Text Input-Optional This entry allows the name of the person performing the import to be specified. The supplied value will be saved in the HYSYS import log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Import Notes Multiple Line Text Input Optional This entry allows any descriptive information for the import to be specified. Any information provided will be saved in the HYSYS import log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. A check will be made that all of the required data has been entered. If not, any errors will be reported through a pop up error message and the move to the next page will be cancelled.
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5.4.3.3 HYSYS Import Process Page 2, Import Log The second page of the HYSYS import process displayed below allows the user to select a previous import definition to be selected and used as the basis for the current import. The input options on this page are as follows.
Figure 3 - HYSYS Import Page 2 Create new list of streams to import Radio button If the list of HYSYS stream data to import is to be created from scratch then select this button. Load list of streams from previous import Radio button If the list of HYSYS stream data to import is to be based on a previous import then select this button. A row in the import log table must then be selected to define which previous import list is to be used. Import Log Table Database Table Each row of this table displays the summary data for previous HYSYS imports. The scroll bar can be used to display additional information. Clicking a row in the table will select a previous import and use its stream list as the basis for the new import as long as the Load list.. radio button is selected. Doubleclicking a row in the table will simultaneously select it and select the Load list.. radio button. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. PSVPlusTM Users Manual 66
At this point the interface program will start HYSYS through OLE Automation and load the simulation case specified on page 1. You may see messages from HYSYS as the case is loaded which should be responded to in the usual way. Once the HYSYS case is successfully loaded, it will be scanned to create a list of all of the streams in the case. If a previous import stream list was specified at page 2 then the list of streams will be checked against the current case and a note made whether the stream was found in the current case.
5.4.3.4 HYSYS Import Process Page 3, Select Streams
Figure 4 - HYSYS Import, Page 3 Page 3 of the HYSYS import process allows selection of the streams to be imported and the specification of the PSV item and design case that will receive the data. The page is split into two sections, a listing of available HYSYS streams and a table of the streams selected for import with associated PSV identification. Usage of the page is as follows.
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HYSYS Streams Treeview This list displays all of the streams found in the HYSYS simulation case. Streams from sub-flowsheets as well as the main flowsheet are displayed. Sub-Flowsheets are identified in the list in bold type and these entries will display a next to them which can be clicked to expand the item and display the streams contained in the subflowsheet. Streams can be selected for import either by selecting them in the HYSYS Streams list and clicking the button or by double clicking the stream in the HYSYS Streams list. Button Clicking this button adds the stream that is currently selected in the HYSYS Streams list to the list of selected streams. If the stream is already in the Selected Streams its row in the list is highlighted. A stream can only be added to the list once. Button Clicking this button removes the stream whose row is currently selected in the Selected Streams list from the list of selected streams. Selected Streams List Database table This table lists the streams that have been selected for import and specifies the PSV item and design case that they are to be imported into. The columns of the table are as follows. Selected Streams List OK Column- Checkbox, Display only This column indicates whether a selected stream is ready for inclusion in the import. Normally the checkbox will be set for all streams as they are added. However when a stream list from a previous import is selected on Page 2, there is a possibility that a stream may not be found in the current HYSYS simulation case. In these cases the OK column checkbox will be cleared. This column is automatically set and cannot be updated by the user. Selected Streams List Stream & Flowsheet Columns Text, Display only These two columns uniquely identify a selected HYSYS stream to be imported by the stream name and the flowsheet in which it is found. These columns are set automatically when a stream is added to the selected list using the button or by double-clicking a stream in the HYSYS Stream list. They cannot be updated manually by the user. Selected Streams List Prefix, Name, Item & Suffix Columns Text, Required These four columns identify the PSV item that will be updated by the HYSYS stream data. The PSV item specified may be an existing item already in the PSVPlus database or it can be a new item that will be created with this identity. Generally the Prefix will identify the plant area (e.g. Unit 100), the Name the item description (e.g. PSV) the Item the tag number (e.g. 100) and Suffix the item sequence (e.g. A) though this naming pattern is not required. All of these four entries must be specified for each valve item. Selected Streams List Design Case Column Dropdown selection, Required This column specifies the design case for the PSV item that will be updated during the HYSYS stream import. The column data entry is controlled by a drop down list that specifies the standard design cases allowed by PSVPlus.
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The DEFAULT VALUES row at the top of the Selected Streams list can be used to specify a default value for the design case column which will be automatically set as new streams are added to the Selected Streams list. The figure below shows a typical completed Page 3 of the HYSYS Import interface.
Figure 5 - Completed Page 3 Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. At this point the Selected Stream list will be checked to ensure that all of the streams tagged as OK to import have a complete set of data. If the data is incomplete a popup error message will be displayed and the first problem row of data in the Selected Stream table selected ready for the missing data to be supplied. All data must be complete before leaving the page.
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5.4.3.5 HYSYS Import Process, Page 4 Select Data Items This page allows selection of which data values are imported for each stream. Normally all values will be required and so they are selected automatically. They may be selected individually though as follows Temperature Checkbox If selected the stream temperature will be imported into the PSV relieving temperature entry.
Figure 6 - HYSYS Import Page 4 Pressure Checkbox If selected the stream pressure will be imported into the PSV set pressure entry. Flow Checkbox If selected the stream mass flow will be imported into the PSV relieving flow entry. Mole Weight Checkbox If selected the stream mole weight will be imported into the PSV relieving mole weight entry. Compressiblity Checkbox If selected the stream compressibility will be imported into the PSV relieving compressibility entry. Cp / Cv Checkbox If selected the stream CpCv will be imported into the PSV Spec Heat Ratio entry.
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Specific Gravity Checkbox If selected the stream SG at 60/60api and stream density will be imported into the PSV spec. gravity and relieving density entries respectively. This item is only applicable to liquid streams. Viscosity Checkbox If selected the stream viscosity will be imported into the PSV viscosity entry. Fluid Characteristics Checkbox If selected the stream characteristics whether Single or 2-Phase will be imported to the PSV state entry and the phase characteristics Gas, Liquid or Mixed1 will be imported to the PSV Phase entry. 2 Phase Properties Checkbox If selected the stream 2 phase properties will be imported to the PSV item as follows: HYSYS Value Stream specific volume Specific heat of vapourisation Vapour specific volume Vapour mass fraction Liquid density Liquid specific heat capacity Vapour specific volume at 90% stream pressure (Automatic additional flash calculation) Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. PSV Plus Entry Specific 2 Phase volume (v0) Latent heat of vapourisation (H_vlo) Specific vapour volume (V_v0) Vapour mass fraction (xo) Liquid specific volume (V_l0) Liquid specific heat (Cp) Specific 2 phase volume (v9)
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5.4.3.6 HYSYS Import Process, Page 5 Import Data
Figure 7 - HYSYS Import Page 5 This page shows the HYSYS import process ready to be started. Two option are available. Compare Button Clicking this button will run the import process in compare mode. The selected data values for each stream in the selected stream list will be compared with the corresponding entry for the PSV item in the PSVPlus database. The result of the overall comparison for each PSV item will be reported in the Import Progress Log as one of the following: Not found the specified PSV item was not found in the PSV Plus database; Identical all data values in the selected HYSYS stream are the same as the corresponding values in the PSV item; Different differences were found between the selected HYSYS stream data values and the corresponding values in the PSV item; Failed there was an error during the comparison. The contents of the PSVPlus database will not be changed by this option. Import Button Clicking this button will run the import process. The selected data values for each stream in the selected stream list will be imported to the corresponding entry for the PSV item in the PSVPlus database. The result of the overall data transfer for each PSV item will be reported in the Import Progress Log as one of the following: Created the specified PSV item was not found in the PSV Plus database so a new item was created; No Change all data values in the selected HYSYS stream were found to be the same as the corresponding values in the PSV item so no changes were made;
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Updated an existing PSV item was found and at least one data value was updated from the information in the selected HYSYS stream; Failed- there was an error during the import. Each PSV Item updated during the import will have its status message updated to read either New item created by HYSYS import or Input updated by HYSYS import as appropriate. Once the compare or import process has run the page buttons will change as shown below.
Figure 8 - HYSYS Import Page 5 after import The command buttons offer the following options. Save Log Button Clicking this opens a standard file save dialog to save the results of the data import or comparison to a text file. Finish Button Clicking this closes the HYSYS Import window.
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5.4.4
Aspen Flarenet Import Interface This interface between PSVPlusTM and Aspen Flarenet allows import of fluid property data, PSV sizing data and inlet piping and tail pipe data from a Flarenet case. The import process works by reading information from a Flarenet database that has been exported from the Flarenet case. As an additional option, the Flarenet database can be exported from the Flarenet case automatically through OLE Automation if Flarenet is available on the same PC as PSVPlus. Details of the data values that are transferred are given below. The interface is controlled through a multiple page wizard to define each step of the process as follows:Page 1: Specifies the name of the Flarenet database to be used or alternatively the name of the Flarenet case from which a Flarenet database will be exported. Administrative details can also be specified. Displays a list of previous Flarenet imports and allows user to choose to repeat a previous Flarenet data import or create a new import definition. Displays a list of all of the relief valves found in the Flarenet database and the list of PSVs in PSVPlus to be updated and their associated Flarenet relief valves. Flarenet relief valves can be selected in the browser for import into a named PSV item and design case. Allows the user to select which data values are to be imported. Allows the user to start the import or compare process and monitor the results. When the run is completed it provides the option to save the log file.
5.4.4.1 General description
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The wizard is configured to be a linear process and it is not possible to go backwards and forwards through the pages. The use of the interface will now be described in more detail. 5.4.4.2 Flarenet Import Process Page 1, Select Case The figure below shows page 1 of the Flarenet import interface. The input options on this page are used as follows. Flarenet Case Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the import is to use a Flarenet case as the basis for the import. The name of the Flarenet case to be used must be then button to open a specified. Either type the full file name of the case or use the standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. The specified Flarenet case will be automatically exported to a Flarenet database of the same name with FNT.mdb replacing the .fnt extension.
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Figure 9 - Flarenet Import, Page 1 Flarenet Database Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the import is to use a Flarenet database as the basis for the import. The name of the Flarenet database to be used must be then specified. Either type the full file name of the database or use the standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. button to open a
Figure 10 - File Selection Dialog PSVPlusTM Users Manual 75
Import By Text Input-Optional This entry allows the name of the person performing the import to be specified. The supplied value will be saved in the Flarenet import log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Import Notes Multiple Line Text Input Optional This entry allows any descriptive information for the import to be specified. Any information provided will be saved in the Flarenet import log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. A check will be made that all of the required data has been entered. If not, any errors will be reported through a pop up error message and the move to the next page will be cancelled. If a Flarenet case has been specified then it is at this stage that Flarenet will be started through OLE Automation, the specified case will be opened and an export of data to the Flarenet database will be requested. The export will be performed using the configuration data from the supplied file PSVDefault.fne. If there are any errors in starting Flarenet, loading the Flarenet case or exporting the database then the import process can not continue.
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5.4.4.3 Flarenet Import Process Page 2, Import Log
Figure 11 - Flarenet Import, Page 2 The second page of the Flarenet import process displayed above allows the user to select a previous import definition to be selected and used as the basis for the current import. The input options on this page are as follows. Create new list of sources to import Radio button If the list of Flarenet relief valve data to import is to be created from scratch then select this button. Load list of sources from previous import Radio button If the list of Flarenet relief valve data to import is to be based on a previous import then select this button. A row in the import log table must then be selected to define which previous import list is to be used. Import Log Table Database Table Each row of this table displays the summary data for previous Flarenet imports. The scroll bar can be used to display additional information. Clicking a row in the table will select a previous import and use its source list as the basis for the new import as long as the Load list.. radio button is selected. Doubleclicking a row in the table will simultaneously select it and select the Load list.. radio button. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. PSVPlusTM Users Manual 77
At this point the interface program opens the specified Flarenet database. If the database does not contain the tables expected then an error message will be generated. Once the Flarenet database is successfully loaded, it will be scanned to create a list of all of the relief valves in the database. If a previous import source list was specified at page 2 then the list of sources will be checked against the current database and a note made whether the source was found in the current database. 5.4.4.4 Flarenet Import Process Page 3, Select Sources
Figure 12 - Flarenet Import Page 3 Page 3 of the Flarenet import process allows selection of the relief valve sources to be imported and the specification of the PSV item and design case that will receive the data. The page is split into two sections, a listing of available Flarenet sources and a table of the sources selected for import with associated PSV identification. Usage of the page is as follows. Relief Valves Found Database Table This list displays all of the relief valve sources found in the Flarenet database. The table contains 3 columns displaying the scenario, relief valve name and the location entries used to identify the source in the Flarenet model. The table can be sorted on either scenario name, relief valve name or location by clicking the header text of the appropriate column. Sources can be selected for import either by selecting them in the Flarenet relief button or by double clicking the relief valve row in valves list and clicking the the list. Multiple relief valves can also be selected by using the usual Shift+Click actions followed by the button. Button PSVPlusTM Users Manual 78
Clicking this button adds the relief valve that is currently selected in the Flarenet relief valves list to the list of selected sources. If the source+scenario has already been added to the Selected Sources its row in the list is highlighted. Each combination of source+scenario can only be added to the list once. As a Flarenet relief valve is added to the list of sources to be imported, the interface attempts to automatically convert the Flarenet name to a PSVPlus compatible name as follows: Location is used for the PSVPlus Prefix entry; Text from the start of the Flarenet source name up to the first numeric character is used for the PSVPlus Name entry; The number from the first numeric character in the Flarenet source name up to the last continguous numeric character is used for the PSVPlus Item entry; Text from the end of the Flarenet source name back to the first numeric character found is used for the PSVPlus Suffix entry; The effective assumption is that Flarenet relief valve names are of the form PSV123A/B or RV1001A. In addition a match is attempted from the Flarenet scenario name to the standard design case names used in PSVPlus and the Ignored column indicates whether the source is active or ignored in the Flarenet case. All default values for PSVPlus entries can be updated. Button Clicking this button removes the source whose row is currently selected in the Selected Sources list from the list of selected sources. Selected Sources List Database table This table lists the sources that have been selected for import and specifies the PSV item and design case that they are to be imported into. The columns of the table are as follows. Selected Sources List OK Column- Checkbox, Display only This column indicates whether a selected source is ready for inclusion in the import. Normally the checkbox will be set for all sources as they are added. However when a source list from a previous import is selected on Page 2, there is a possibility that a stream may not be found in the current Flarenet database. In these cases the OK column checkbox will be cleared. This column is automatically set and cannot be updated by the user. Selected Sources List Scenario & FNT Source Columns Text, Display only These two columns uniquely identify a selected Flarenet source stream to be imported by the scenario name and the FNT source name. These columns are set automatically button or by doublewhen a source is added to the selected list using the clicking a source in the Flarenet relief valve list. They cannot be updated manually by the user. Selected Sources List Prefix, Name, Item & Suffix Columns Text, Required These four columns identify the PSV item that will be updated by the Flarenet source data. The PSV item specified may be an existing item already in the PSVPlus database or it can be a new item that will be created with this identity. Generally the Prefix will identify the plant area (e.g. Unit 100), the Name the item description (e.g. PSV) the Item the tag number (e.g. 100) and Suffix the item sequence (e.g. A) though this
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naming pattern is not required. All of these four entries must be specified for each valve item. button above, default values for the As described in the description of the Prefix, Name and Suffix columns will be automatically generated, if possible, from the Flarenet information. These automatic values can be updated by the user. Selected Sources List Design Case Column Dropdown selection, Required This column specifies the design case for the PSV item that will be updated during the Flarenet import. The column data entry is controlled by a drop down list that specifies the standard design cases allowed by PSVPlus. The interface will attempt to match the Flarenet sources scenario name to the standard design cases allowed by PSVPlus automatically as new sources are added to the Selected Sources list. If no match can be found then the design case will be left blank and must be completed by the user. There is therefore an incentive to standardise scenario names between Flarenet and PSVPlus. Selected Sources List Igd Column - Checkbox If this column is set (checked) it indicates that the selected source should be ignored in the current import. It is set automatically for sources that are specified as Ignored in the Flarenet database as the source is added to the Selected Sources list. It can also be updated by the user to exclude a source in an existing list from the current import. The figure below shows a typical completed Page 3 of the Flarenet Import interface.
Figure 13 - Flarenet Import Completed Page 3
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Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page. At this point the Selected Source list will be checked to ensure that all of the sources tagged as OK to import and that are not ignored have a complete set of data. If the data is incomplete a pop-up error message will be displayed and the first problem row of data in the Selected Source table selected ready for the missing data to be supplied. All data must be complete before leaving the page. 5.4.4.5 Flarenet Import Process, Page 4 Select Data Items This page allows selection of which data values are imported for each source. Normally all values will be required and so they are selected automatically. They may be selected individually though as follows
Figure 14 - Flarenet Import, Page 4 Relief Valve Details Checkbox If selected the Flarenet relief valve details will be imported to the PSVPlus database item as follows: Flarenet Relief Valve Item Flange Diameter Valve Type MAWP Orifice Area per valve Orifice Type PSVPlusTM Users Manual PSV Plus Entry Valve Out Size Valve Type (Conventional, Balanced or Pilot) Set Pressure Selected Orifice Valve Designation (A,B,C etc) 81
Note that the interface has no mechanism for processing Flarenet relief valves with a count value of more than 1. These valves if found will generate an error message. Inlet Piping Details Checkbox If selected the inlet piping details from the Flarenet relief valve will be imported to the PSVPlus database item as follows: Flarenet Relief Valve Item Length Roughness Nominal diameter Schedule Internal diameter PSV Plus Entry Inlet equivalent length Inlet roughness In N.D. In Sch In I.D.
Outlet Piping Details Checkbox If selected the piping details from the pipe element downstream of the Flarenet relief valve (tailpipe) will be imported to the PSVPlus database item as follows: Flarenet Pipe Item Length Roughness Nominal diameter Schedule Internal diameter PSV Plus Entry Outlet equivalent length Outlet roughness Out N.D. Out Sch Out I.D.
Relief Flow Checkbox If selected the mass flow defined for the specified Flarenet scenario and relief valve will be imported into the PSV relieving flow entry.
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Relieving Conditions Checkbox If selected the following information from the specified scenario and relief valve will be imported to the PSVPlus database item. Flarenet Source Item Contingency Flag PSV Plus Entry If 1 set Fire Case to F and Over pressure to 21 Otherwise set Fire Case to No and Over pressure to 10 Temperature Mol Wt Overall density Viscosity Z factor Phase fraction Relieving Temperature Relieving Mole Weight Specific gravity (converted) Viscosity Relieving compressibility State = Single or 2-Ph Phase = Gas, Liquid or Mixed1
Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the import is complete and moves on to the next page.
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5.4.4.6 Flarenet Import Process, Page 5 Import Data
Figure 15 - Flarenet Import Page 5 This page shows the Flarenet import process ready to be started. Two options are available. Compare Button Clicking this button will run the import process in compare mode. The selected data values for each Flarenet relief valve in the selected source list will be compared with the corresponding entry for the PSV item in the PSVPlus database. The result of the overall comparison for each PSV item will be reported in the Import Progress Log as one of the following: Not found the specified PSV item was not found in the PSV Plus database; Identical all data values in the selected Flarenet relief valve are the same as the corresponding values in the PSV item; Different differences were found between the selected Flarenet relief valve data values and the corresponding values in the PSV item; Failed there was an error during the comparison. The contents of the PSVPlus database will not be changed by this option. Import Button Clicking this button will run the import process. The selected data values for each Flarenet relief valve in the selected source list will be imported to the corresponding entry for the PSV item in the PSVPlus database. The result of the overall data transfer for each PSV item will be reported in the Import Progress Log as one of the following: PSVPlusTM Users Manual 84
Created the specified PSV item was not found in the PSV Plus database so a new item was created; No Change all data values in the selected Flarenet relief valve were found to be the same as the corresponding values in the PSV item so no changes were made; Updated an existing PSV item was found and at least one data value was updated from the information in the selected Flarenet relief valve; Failed- there was an error during the import. Each PSV Item updated during the import will have its status message updated to read either New item created by Flarenet import or Input updated by Flarenet import as appropriate. Once the compare or import process has run the page buttons will change as shown below.
Figure 16 - Flarenet Import, After Import The command buttons offer the following options. Save Log Button Clicking this opens a standard file save dialog to save the results of the data import or comparison to a text file. Finish Button Clicking this closes the Flarenet Import window.
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5.4.5
Aspen Flarenet Export Interface This interface between PSVPlus and Aspen Flarenet allows export of fluid property data, PSV sizing data and inlet piping and tail pipe data from the PSVPlus database. The export process works by writing information to a Flarenet database that can then be imported to the Flarenet case. As an additional option, the Flarenet database can be imported to the Flarenet case automatically through OLE Automation if Flarenet is available on the same PC as PSVPlus. Details of the data values that are transferred are given below. The interface is controlled through a multiple page wizard to define each step of the process as follows:Page 1: Specifies the name of the Flarenet database to be used or alternatively the name of the Flarenet case to which a Flarenet database will be imported. Administrative details can also be specified. Displays a list of previous Flarenet exports and allows user to choose to repeat a previous Flarenet data export or create a new export definition. Displays a list of all of the PSVs found in the PSVPlus database and the list of relief valves in the Flarenet database to be updated. PSVs can be selected in the browser for export into a named Flarenet relief valve and scenario. Allows the user to select which data values are to be exported. Allows the user to start the export or compare process and monitor the results. When the run is completed it provides the option to save the log file.
5.4.5.1 General description
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The wizard is configured to be a linear process and it is not possible to go backwards and forwards through the pages. The use of the interface will now be described in more detail. 5.4.5.2 Flarenet Export Process Page 1, Select Case The figure below shows page 1 of the Flarenet export interface. The input options are as follows Flarenet Case Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the export is to use a Flarenet case as the target for the export. The name of the Flarenet case to be used must be then button to open a specified. Either type the full file name of the case or use the standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. When this option is selected the PSVPlus data will be exported to a Flarenet database of the same name with FNT.mdb replacing the .fnt extension. A new database will be created if this database is not found. This database will then be automatically imported into the specified Flarenet case after the export process updates the Flarenet database`.
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Figure 17 - Flarenet Export Page 1 It should be noted that this import will be executed as though importing to a new case. This may cause problems since the source mole weight data cannot be correctly interpreted since there are problem in Flaresim (as at version 2006.5) when importing composition data. Without composition data flow, mole weight and other source data may not be correctly interpreted. It is recommended that the Flarenet export process be run specifying a Flarenet database as the target and then the import process done manually from within Flarenet. Flarenet Database Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the export is to use a Flarenet database as the target for the export. The name of the Flarenet database to be used must be then specified. Either type the full file name of the database or use the standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. button to open a
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Figure 18 - Standard File Open Dialog Export By Text Input-Optional This entry allows the name of the person performing the export to be specified. The supplied value will be saved in the Flarenet export log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Export Notes Multiple Line Text Input Optional This entry allows any descriptive information for the export to be specified. Any information provided will be saved in the Flarenet export log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the export is complete and moves on to the next page. A check will be made that all of the required data has been entered. If not, any errors will be reported through a pop up error message and the move to the next page will be cancelled. If a Flarenet case has been specified then at this stage the name will be converted to the corresponding Flarenet database name (.fnt will be converted to FNT.mdb) and that database will be opened. If a database with the required name is not found then a new database will that name will be created.
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5.4.5.3 Flarenet Export Process Page 2, Export Log
Figure 19 - Flarenet Export Page 2 The second page of the Flarenet export process displayed above allows the user to select a previous export definition to be selected and used as the basis for the current export. The input options on this page are as follows. Create new list of sources to export Radio button If the list of PSV items to export is to be created from scratch then select this button. Load list of sources from previous export Radio button If the list of PSV items to export is to be based on a previous export then select this button. A row in the export log table must then be selected to define which previous export list is to be used. Export Log Table Database Table Each row of this table displays the summary data for previous Flarenet exports. The scroll bar can be used to display additional information. Clicking a row in the table will select a previous export and use its PSV list as the basis for the new export as long as the Load list.. radio button is selected. Doubleclicking a row in the table will simultaneously select it and select the Load list.. radio button. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the export is complete and moves on to the next page. At this point the interface program opens the specified Flarenet database. If the database does not contain the tables expected then an error message will be generated. PSVPlusTM Users Manual 89
At this point the PSVPlus database will be scanned to create a list of all of the relief valves in the database. If a previous export source list was specified at page 2 then the list of sources will be checked against the current Flarenet database and a note made whether the source was found in the current Flarenet database. 5.4.5.4 Flarenet Export Process Page 3, Select Sources
Figure 20 - Flarenet Export Page 3 Page 3 of the Flarenet export process allows selection of the PSV items to be exported and the specification of the Flarenet relief valve and scenario that will receive the data. The page is split into two sections, a listing of available PSVs and a table of the sources selected for export with associated Flarenet relief valvue identification. Usage of the page is as follows. PSVs Found Database Table This list displays all of the PSV items found in the PSVPlus database. The table contains 5 columns displaying the prefix, name, item id, suffix and design case used to identify the item in the PSVPlus database. The table can be sorted on either prefix, item id or design case by clicking the header text of the appropriate column. Sources can be selected for export either by selecting them in the PSVs found list and button or by double clicking the PSV item in the list. Multiple PSVs clicking the can also be selected by using the usual Shift+Click actions followed by the button.
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Button Clicking this button adds the PSV that is currently selected in the PSVs found list to the list of selected sources. If the PSV item + design case has already been added to the Sources to Export list its row in the list is highlighted. Each combination of PSV item + design case can only be added to the list once. As a PSV item is added to the list of sources to be exported, the interface attempts to automatically convert the PSV item name to a Flarenet compatible name as follows: PSV Prefix is used for the Flarenet Location entry; The PSV Name, Item and Suffix are combined and used for the Flarenet relief valve name; The PSV Design case is used for the Flarenet scenario name. All default values for Flarenet relief valve entries can be updated. Button Clicking this button removes the source whose row is currently selected in the Sources to Export list from the list of selected sources. Sources to Export List Database table This table lists the PSV items that have been selected for export and specifies the Flarent relief valve source and scenario that they are to be exported to. The columns of the table are as follows. Sources to Export List OK Column- Checkbox, Display only This column indicates whether a selected PSV item is ready for inclusion in the export. Normally the checkbox will be set for all sources as they are added. However when a source list from a previous export is selected on Page 2, there is a possibility that a PSV may not be found in the current PSVPlus database. In these cases the OK column checkbox will be cleared. This column is automatically set and cannot be updated by the user. Sources to Export List Prefix, Name, Item, Suffix& Design Case Columns Text, Display only These columns uniquely identify a PSV item to be exported. These columns are set button or by automatically when a source is added to the selected list using the double-clicking a source in the Flarenet relief valve list. They cannot be updated manually by the user. Sources to Export List FNT Source, Scenario & Location Columns Text, Required These three columns identify the Flarenet relief valve that will be updated by the PSV item data. The Flarenet relief valve specified may be an existing item already in the Flarenet database or it can be a new item that will be created with this identity. button above, default values for the FNT As described in the description of the source, Scenario and location columns which will be automatically set from the PSV item information. These automatic values can be updated by the user and will be recorded for future use. The figure below shows a typical completed Page 3 of the Flarenet Export interface.
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Figure 21 - Flarenet Export Completed Page 3 Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the export is complete and moves on to the next page. At this point the Sources to Export list will be checked to ensure that all of the PSVs tagged as OK to export have a complete set of data. If the data is incomplete a popup error message will be displayed and the first problem row of data in the Sources to Export table selected ready for the missing data to be supplied. All data must be complete before leaving the page.
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5.4.5.5 Flarenet Export Process, Page 4 Select Data Items This page allows selection of which data values are exported for each PSV Item. Normally all values will be required and so they are selected automatically. They may be selected individually though as follows
Figure 22 - Flarenet Export, Page 4 Relief Valve Details Checkbox If selected the PSVPlus item details will be exported to the Flarenet relief valve as follows: PSV Plus Entry Flarenet Relief Valve Item Valve Out Size Flange Diameter Valve Type (Conventional, Balanced or Valve Type Pilot) Set Pressure MAWP Selected Orifice Orifice Area per valve Valve Designation (A,B,C etc) Orifice Type Note this data will only be transferred for PSV Items that are tagged as being the Sizing case for the specific PSV Item.
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Inlet Piping Details Checkbox If selected the inlet piping details from the PSVPlus item will be exported to the Flarenet relief valve as follows: PSV Plus Entry Inlet equivalent length Inlet roughness In N.D. In Sch In I.D. Length Roughness Nominal diameter Schedule Internal diameter Flarenet Relief Valve Item
Note this data will only be transferred for PSV Items that are tagged as being the Sizing case. Outlet Piping Details Checkbox If selected the piping details from the PSVPlus database item will be exported to the pipe element downstream of the Flarenet relief valve (tailpipe)as follows: PSV Plus Entry Outlet equivalent length Outlet roughness Out N.D. Out Sch Out I.D. Flarenet Pipe Item Length Roughness Nominal diameter Schedule Internal diameter
Note this data will only be transferred for PSV Items that are tagged as being the Sizing case. Relief Flow Checkbox If selected the relieving mass flow defined for the specified PSV Item will be exported into the Flarenet relief valve data for the specified scenario. Relieving Conditions Checkbox If selected the following information from the specified PSV item will be exported to the Flarenet relief valve. PSV Plus Entry Fire Case Flarenet Source Item If Fire Case set Flarenet contingency flag to 1 Otherwise set Flarenet contingency flag to 0 Temperature Mol Wt
Relieving Temperature Relieving Mole Weight Next Button
Clicking this button indicates that this page of the export is complete and moves on to the next page.
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5.4.5.6 Flarenet Export Process, Page 5 Export Data
Figure 23 - Flarenet Export Page 5 This page shows the Flarenet export process ready to be started. Two option are available. Compare Button Clicking this button will run the export process in compare mode. The selected data values for each PSV item in the sources to export list will be compared with the corresponding entry for the Flarenet relief valve in the Flarenet database. The result of the overall comparison for each PSV item will be reported in the Export Progress Log as one of the following: Not found the specified Flarenet relief valve was not found in the Flarenet database; Identical all data values for the selected PSV Item are the same as the corresponding values in the selected Flarenet relief valve; Different differences were found between the selected PSV item data values and the corresponding values in the Flarenet relief valve; The contents of the PSVPlus database will not be changed by this option. Note that the data for the relief valve, inlet piping and outlet piping will only be compared for PSV items that are tagged as Selected for Sizing. The relief flow and relieving conditions will be compared for all PSVs.
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Export Button Clicking this button will run the export process. The selected data values for each PSV Item in the sources to export list will be exported to the corresponding entry for the relief valve in the Flarenet database. The result of the overall data transfer for each PSV item will be reported in the Export Progress Log as one of the following: Created the specified Flarenet relief valve was not found in the Flarenet database so a new relief valve was created along with a new pipe element for the tail pipe; No Change all data values in the selected PSV item were found to be the same as the corresponding values in the Flarenet relief valve so no changes were made; Updated an existing Flarenet relief valve was found and at least one data value was updated from the information in the selected PSV item; Failed- there was an error during the export. Note that the data for the relief valve, inlet piping and outlet piping will only be compared for PSV items that are tagged as Selected for Sizing. The relief flow and relieving conditions will be compared for all PSVs. If a Flarenet case was selected as the export target on Page 1 it is at this stage that Flarenet will be started through OLE Automation and the standard Import process run to import the values in the updated Flarenet database to the Flaresim case. The import process will be done with the configuration data from the supplied file PSVDefault.fni. Note that usage of this option is not recommended see above. Once the compare or export process has run the page buttons will change as shown below.
Figure 24 - Flarenet Export, After Export
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The command buttons offer the following options. Save Log Button Clicking this opens a standard file save dialog to save the results of the data export or comparison to a text file. Finish Button Clicking this closes the Flarenet Export window. 5.4.6 Aspen Flarenet Results Comparison Interface This interface between PSVPlus and Aspen Flarenet allows comparison of results generated by PSVPlus with key results in an Aspen Flarenet case. The comparison process works by reading information from a Flarenet database that has been exported from the Flarenet case. As an additional option, the Flarenet database can be exported from the Flarenet case automatically through OLE Automation if Flarenet is available on the same PC as PSVPlus. Details of the data values that are transferred are given below. The interface is controlled through a multiple page wizard to define each step of the process as follows:Page 1: Displays a list of previous Flarenet results comparison and allows user to choose to repeat a previous Flarenet results comparison or create a new comparison. Specifies the name of the Flarenet database to be used or alternatively the name of the Flarenet case from which a Flarenet database will be exported. Administrative details can also be specified. Allows the user to specify the units to be used for the comparison and the tolerances to be used when generating discrepancy and utilisation warnings. Displays the results comparison for flow values. Displays the results comparison for pressure values. 5.4.6.1 General description
Page 2:
Page 3:
Page 4: Page 5:
The wizard is configured to be a linear process and it is not possible to go backwards and forwards through the pages with the exception that it is possible to switch backwards and forwards between the flow and pressure results. The use of the interface will now be described in more detail.
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5.4.6.2 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 1, Select Previous Comparison
Figure 25 - Results Comparison Page 1 The figure above shows page 1 of the Flarenet results comparison interface. The input options on this page are used as follows Create new results comparison Radio button If the a new results comparison is to be generated then select this button. Load previous comparison Radio button If a previous results comparison is to be displayed then select this button. A row in the results comparison table must then be selected to define which previous comparison is to be used. Results Comparison Table Database Table Each row of this table displays the summary data for previous Flarenet results comparisons. The scroll bar can be used to display additional information. Clicking a row in the table will select a previous comparison for display as long as the Load previous.. radio button is selected. Double-clicking a row in the table will simultaneously select it and select the Load previous.. radio button. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the results comparison process is complete and moves on to the next page. If the load previous comparison button is checked the process moves straight to Page 4 described below. Otherwise Page 2 is displayed.
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5.4.6.3 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 2, Flarenet Database
Figure 26 - Results Comparison Page 2 The Figure above shows page 2 of the Flarenet Results Comparison process. This allows definition of the Flarenet results to be used for the comparison as well as administrative details about the comparison. The input fields are as follows. Flarenet Case Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the comparison is to use a Flarenet case as the basis for the import. The name of the Flarenet case to be used must be then button to open a specified. Either type the full file name of the case or use the standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. The specified Flarenet case will be automatically exported to a Flarenet database of the same name with FNT.mdb replacing the .fnt extension. Flarenet Database Radio button, Text Input-Required Selecting this radio button indicates that the comparison is to use a Flarenet database as the basis for the import. The name of the Flarenet database to be used must be then specified. Either type the full file name of the database or use the open a standard windows file browser to select it as shown below. button to
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Figure 27 - File Selection Dialog Checked By Text Input-Optional This entry allows the name of the person performing the results comparison to be specified. The supplied value will be saved in the Flarenet results comparison log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Check Notes Multiple Line Text Input Optional This entry allows any descriptive information for the comparison to be specified. Any information provided will be saved in the Flarenet results comparison log in the PSVPlus database. The entry is optional. Next Button Clicking this button indicates that this page of the Flarenet results comparison process is complete and moves on to the next page. A check will be made that all of the required data has been entered. If not, any errors will be reported through a pop up error message and the move to the next page will be cancelled. If a Flarenet case has been specified then it is at this stage that Flarenet will be started through OLE Automation, the specified case will be opened and an export of data to the Flarenet database will be requested. The export will be performed using the configuration data from the supplied file PSVDefault.fne. If there are any errors in starting Flarenet, loading the Flarenet case or exporting the database then the import process can not continue.
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5.4.6.4 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 3, Setup Check
Figure 28 - Results Comparison Page 3 Page 3 of the Flarenet results comparison process is shown above. This page allow specification of the units for the comparison, the tolerances to be used when comparing values and the values at which warnings are generated. The input fields are as follows. Flow Units Dropdown list, required This entry specifies the flow units to be used during the comparison. Flow Tolerance Value input, required This entry specifies the tolerance to be used when comparing the calculated rated flows between PSV Plus and Flarenet. If the value in the Flarenet database differs from the value in the PSVPlus database by more than this specified tolerance then the Flarenet value will be highlighted. Flow Warning Value input, required This entry specifies the level at which a warning highlight will be generated for the flow utilisation of the PSV. Valves where the relieving flow is greater than this percentage of the rated flow will be highlighted. Pressure Units Dropdown list, required This entry specifies the pressure units to be used during the comparison. Pressure Tolerance Value input, required This entry specifies the tolerance to be used when comparing the calculated back pressures and tailpipe pressure drops between the PSVPlus database and the Flarenet database. If the value in the Flarenet database differs from the value in the PSVPlus database by more than this tolerance then the Flarenet value will be highlighted.
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Pressure Warning Value input, required This entry specifies the level at which a warning highlight will be generated for the back pressure utilisation of the PSV. Valves where the calculated back pressure is greater that this percentage of the allowed back pressure will be highlighted. Next Button Clicking this button moves onto the next page of the Flarenet Results Comparison interface. It is at this point that the comparison is carried out. Each PSV item in the PSV Plus database is read and a corresponding value is searched for in the Flarenet database. If a previous Flarenet import or export has established a link between a particular PSV item and a Flarenet relief valve name (which can be different) then this information is used to identify the Flarenet relief valves results to be used. Note that a PSV item defines both item ID and design case which will be linked to a specific Flarenet relief valve and scenario. Otherwise if the PSV item is not found in the link table then a Flarenet compatible name will be generated using the Name, Item and Suffix fields from the PSV Plus item. The Flarenet database will then be searched for a relief valve with this name. A match on the PSV Plus design case with the Flarenet scenario name will then be checked. Assuming that the PSVPlus item is found in the Flarenet database then the results for the Flarenet relief valve are extracted, the results compared and the capacity utilisations checked.
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5.4.6.5 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 4, Flow Results
Figure 29 - Results Comparison Page 4 The figure above shows the flow results comparison generated by the Flarenet Results Comparison interface. The information presented here is as follows. Results Table Prefix, Name, Item, Suffix, Scenario columns These columns identify the PSV item in the PSVPlus Database. Results Table Service, Phase, Type columns These columns display the service characteristics defined in the PSVPlus database. The PSV type is indicated as C for Conventional valves, B for Balanced Bellow valves and P for Pilot operated valves. Results Table Design Flow column This is the relieving rate specified for the PSV in the PSVPlus database. Results Table PSV Rated Flow column This is the rated flow for the valve calculated by PSVPlus Results Table Flarenet Rated Flow column This is the rated flow for the valve calculated by Flarenet. If the difference between the Flarenet rated flow and the PSVPlus rated flow is greater than the Flow Tolerance value specified on page 3 then this value will be displayed highlighted in blue. Results Table Capacity Utilisation column This is the relieving rate specified for the PSV divided by the rated flow for the valve calculated by PSVPlus expressed as a percentage. Values which exceed the Flow Warning limit specified on page 3 will be highlighted in red. Close Button Clicking this button will close the Flarenet results comparison window. Next Button Clicking this button will display the next page of the results comparison process.
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5.4.6.6 Flarenet Results Comparison Process Page 5, Pressure Results
Figure 30 - Results Comparison Page 5 The figure above shows the pressure results comparison generated by the Flarenet Results Comparison interface. The information presented here is as follows. Results Table Prefix, Name, Item, Suffix, Scenario columns These columns identify the PSV item in the PSV Plus Database. Results Table Service, Phase, Type columns These columns display the service characteristics defined in the PSV Plus database. The PSV type is indicated as C for Conventional valves, B for Balanced Bellow valves and P for Pilot operated valves. Results Table Set Pressure, Maximum Allowable Back Pressure columns These columns display the set pressure and maximum allowable back pressure specified for the PSV in the PSV Plus database. The maximum allowable back pressure is calculated by summing the values defined for the superimposed constant back pressure, superimposed variable back pressure and built up back pressure. Results Table PSV Calculated Back Pressure column This is the back pressure for the valve calculated by PSV Plus. It is calculated from by summing the specified values for the superimposed constant back pressure and superimposed variable back pressure with the tail pipe pressure drop calculated in PSV Plus.
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Results Table Flarenet Calculated Back Pressure column This is the back pressure for the valve calculated by Flarenet. If the value is greater than the maximum allowable back pressure specified in PSV Plus then the value is highlighted in red. Otherwise if the difference between the Flarenet calculated back pressure and the PSV Plus calculated back pressure is greater than the Pressure Tolerance value specified on page 3 then this value will be displayed highlighted in blue. Results Table PSV Tailpipe Pressure Drop column This value is the pressure drop across the PSV outlet pipe calculated by PSV Plus. Results Table Flarenet Tailpipe Pressure Drop column This value is the pressure drop across the relief valve tailpipe calculated by Flarenet. If the difference between the Flarenet calculated value and the PSV Plus calculated value exceeds the Pressure Tolerance value displayed on page 3 then the value will be displayed in blue. Results Table Back Pressure Utilisation column This is the maximum allowable back pressure specified for the PSV divided by the back pressure calculated by PSV Plus expressed as a percentage. Values which exceed the Pressure Warning limit specified on page 3 will be highlighted in red. Close Button Clicking this button will close the Flarenet results comparison window. Previous Button Clicking this button will display the Flow results page 4 of the results comparison. 5.4.7 Interfacing PSVPlus database with SPI one Smart Plant Instrumentation (SPI) is a database application by Intergraph Corp. typically used by Engineering Contractors to manage all the instruments included in a project. PSVPlus database application has been designed to be fully compatible with SPI and allow for automatic data import into SPI database. The link between the two databases is to be setup by the SPI application manager. The link definition procedure is to be executed only once. Once defined, the same link can be used to import any number of PSVPlus databases. The following guidelines can be followed.
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5.4.7.1 Link Definition Start the Import Utility available in SPI that is package provided to design a link between SPI and other external databases (see below a screenshot for an already setup link).
Click on New Link button to begin creating the link. Enter the parameters shown in the figure below. Note that the target SPI element is Specification and the source element is psv_datasheet, a query provided in PSVPlus database for this specific purpose. Click Apply.
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5.4.7.2 Link Properties settings After creating a link, its properties are to be defined as shown in the following figure. This form can be accessed from within SPI by selecting the specific link and clicking the Properties button. Note the specific values of Specs tab shown in the figure.
In the same Link properties form, additional important settings can be added in the Import mode tab as shown in the following figure.
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5.4.7.3 Fields Mapping Now click on the Open Link button to connect each single field of PSVPlus psv_datasheet query with selected SPI target object (i.e. Specification Form Pressure relief valve). The following two figures show the details. In the second figure the structure of the fields for both source and target components is shown. The actual links are created by simple drag and drop of each field.
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5.4.7.4 Importing data After completing the steps above the link is created and data can be imported. The same defined link can be used for any number of import operations and the link definition procedure only needs to be carried out once. Click on Test button to verify the correctness of the defined link, or Import to execute the actual data import. A Compare button is available to verify which items have been modified from previous import. The figure below will be shown during the import.
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5.4.7.5 Reviewing Import error SPI generates a Rejected Rows Report to show errors occurred during the import operation, as shown on figure below. The most typical error is due to a missing TAG in the SPI instrument index if the import link has been setup not to create new tags during import.
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Technical Reference - Vapour or Gas Relief Calculations
6 6.1
Technical Reference Vapour or Gas Relief Calculations All Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008. The program automatically evaluates whether the flow is critical or sub-critical and applies US Units eq. (3.2) SI Units or
eq.(3.5)
Balanced Bellows valves are always sized with eq. (3.2) and Kb is corrected according to Fig. 30 page 37. When selecting Fire Case = F (Yes) the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21% and enables the option for Fire Relief Calculation. This option the user to easily evaluate the fire load by simply entering vessel and fluid information. Under the Fire Relief Calculation form, the flame height is considered to be up to 25 ft above its source as per API RP 521 Par. 3.15.1.1, this figure can be configured by the user. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kb Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kb calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream = Yes the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. The calculated In by Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In by Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary manufactures data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526. Always please check the results with selected Vendor provided information.
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Technical Reference - Liquid Relief Calculations
6.2
Liquid Relief Calculations All Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008. Eq. (3.9) is used for orifice calculation. US Units SI Units
Balanced Bellows valves are sized with eq. (3.9) and Kw is corrected according to Fig. 31 page 38. When selecting Fire Case = F (Yes) the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21%. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kw Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kw calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. Orifice calculation includes liquid viscosity correction (per API 520 RP Par. 3.8). The Kv coefficient is calculated by iteration. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream = Yes the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. The calculated In by Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In by Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary manufactures data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526. Always please check the results with selected Vendor provided information.
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Technical Reference - Steam Relief Calculations
6.3
Steam Relief Calculations All Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008.. The program automatically evaluates whether the flow is critical or sub-critical and applies consequently eq. (3.8) US Units SI Units
or (3.5).
Note that in case of sub-critical flow the equation for gas-vapour shall be used (see API RP 520 Par. 3.7.1 Page 51) Balanced Bellows valves are always sized with eq. (3.8) and Kb is corrected according to Fig. 30 page 37. When selecting Fire Case = F (Yes) the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21%. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kb Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kb calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream > Yes the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. Superheating coefficient Ksh can be automatically calculated by using the Calculated option The calculated In by Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In x Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary Mfrs data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526.
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Technical Reference - Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing criteria for single phase fluids
6.4
Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing criteria for single phase fluids The inlet line sizing criteria is based on maximum pressure drop not exceeding 3% of valve set pressure*. The outlet line sizing criteria are the following: Consistency check with specified superimposed plus built-up back pressure for the valve (i.e. calculated pressure drop to be lower than specified Built-up Back pressure); The user first enters an estimate of the Built-up Back pressure when calculating the valve orifice. Then, when evaluating the outlet line sizing and pressure drop, the user is required to check that the assumption made on the Built-up back pressure is consistent with the actual pressure drop through the outlet line. In particular, the specified Built-up back pressure shall be slightly higher than the calculated one. This is especially important for gases and Vapours, since the estimated Built-up Back Pressure is used by the code to calculate Vapours density at upstream of outlet line and therefore affects outlet line pressure drop calculations. Average velocity in pipe not exceeding 75% of critical velocity* Velocity at pipe exit not exceeding 90% of critical velocity*. In case the velocity at pipe exit exceeds the critical velocity, the user has the option to design the outlet line for sonic flow conditions. Maximum back pressure not exceeding the limit imposed by the valve type selection: Conventional valves: max back pressure not exceeding 10% of set pressure* Balanced-Bellow valves: max back pressure not exceeding 50% of set pressure* Pilot Operated valves: max back pressure not exceeding 75% of set pressure*
* (Note that this is configurable from the Settings>Global Settings menu).
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Technical Reference - Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTIONS A & B
6.5
Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTIONS A & B Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008. Backward compatibility with API seventh edition, December 2000, is also provided. This calculation option can be used for relief valves handling either flashing or non-flashing flow. For flashing flow the two-phase system must consist of a saturated liquid and saturated Vapour and contain no non-condensable gas. For non-flashing flow, the two-phase system must consist of a highly subcooled liquid and either a non-condensable gas, condensable Vapour or both. By selecting the required 2-phase calculation option, the program will use the proper equation for Omega calculation (i.e. eq. D.2, D.3 or D.4). The program automatically evaluates whether the flow is critical or sub-critical solving equation of Fig. D.1 by iterations, and consequently applies the related Mass-Flux equation (i.e. eq. D.5 or D.6). When Balanced Bellows coefficient Kb calculation option is specified as Calculated, this is corrected according to Fig. D.2 page 79. When selecting Fire Case = F (Yes) the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21%. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kb Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kb calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream = Yes the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. The calculated In x Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In by Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary manufacturers data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526. Therefore please check the results with selected Vendor provided information.
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Technical Reference - Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION C
6.6
Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION C Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008. Backward compatibility with API seventh edition, December 2000, is also provided. This calculation option can be used for relief valves handling a sub-cooled (including saturated) liquid at the inlet. No condensable or non-condensable gas should be present at the inlet. The sub-cooled liquid either flashes upstream or downstream of the Pressure Relief Valve throat depending on which sub-cooling region the flow falls into. By selecting the required 2-phase calculation option, the program will use the proper equation for Omega calculation (i.e. eq. D.8 or D.9). The program automatically determines the sub-cooling region, based on the transition saturation pressure ratio (Eta_st). The program automatically evaluates whether the flow is critical or sub-critical by calculating the critical pressure ratio (Eta_c) from Fig. D.3, and consequently applies the related Mass-Flux equation (i.e. eq. D.10 or D.11). When Balanced Bellows coefficient Kb calculation option is specified as Calculated, this is corrected according to Fig. D.2 page 79. When selecting Fire Case = F (Yes) the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21%. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kb Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kb calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream = Yes the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. The calculated In x Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In by Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary manufacturers data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526. Therefore please check the results with selected Vendor provided information.
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Technical Reference - Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION D
6.7
Mixed Phase Relief Calculations OPTION D Calculations are based on API STANDARD 520 Eighth Edition, December 2008. Backward compatibility with API seventh edition, December 2000, is also provided. This calculation option can be used for relief valves handling two-phase flashing flow with a non-condensable gas or both a condensable Vapour and non-condensable gas. This approach is not valid when the solubility of noncondensable gas in the liquid is appreciable. For these situations, apply Options A & B. Inlet Void Fraction Alpha_o is calculated using eq. D.13 By selecting the required 2-phase calculation option, the program will use the proper equation for Omega calculation (i.e. eq. D.14 or D.15). The program automatically evaluates whether the flow is critical or sub-critical by calculating the critical pressure ratios Eta_vc, Eta_gc or Eta_c from Fig. D.1, depending on the two-phase calculation option and consequently applies the related Mass-Flux equation (i.e. eq. D.16 or system of equations D.17 and D.18 or eq. D.20 or eq. D.21 depending on the calculation case). When Balanced Bellows coefficient Kb calculation option is specified as Calculated, this is corrected according to Fig. D.2 page 79. When selecting Fire Case = Yes the program automatically changes the Overpressure to 21%. When selecting Conventional or Pilot Operated valve type the program automatically changes the Kb Coefficient to 1.0 and the option to by User. When selecting Balanced-Bellow valve type the Kb calculation option is automatically changed to Calculated. When selecting Rupture Disk Upstream > F (F stays for Yes) the program automatically changes the Kc Coefficient to 0.9. The calculated In x Out flanges size of the valves shall be considered preliminary only, since the final sizing is made by the Vendor. Furthermore, the In x Out selection is based on API 526 standardized figures. When changing the Units Of Measurements for Calculated Orifice the program reinitialize the list of Selectable Orifices only after the user re-executes valve calculation. When selecting the valve orifice, PSV Plus checks that the Pressure and Temperature Limits are not exceeded for the selected valve. In case these limits are exceeded, the program issues a warning message. These limits are based on preliminary Mfrs data and are generally valid for steel valves, spring loaded and balanced bellow type; pilot operated valves may have much higher pressure / temperature limits according to API 526. Therefore please check the results with selected Vendor provided information.
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Technical Reference - Storage Tanks Normal and Emergency Venting (API 2000)
6.8
Storage Tanks Normal and Emergency Venting (API 2000) PSVPlus is provided with routines capable of quickly evaluating the requirement for normal and emergency venting for storage tanks under the scope of API 650 and API 620 (i.e. up to 1 barg or 15 psig design pressure). The calculation form can be accessed from the calculation options screen, by selecting the proper calculation option and pressing the Start button. The following form will be shown:
The calculation form is split in three sections: General Data, Normal Venting and emergency venting. The user can select whether execute normal or emergency venting calculations or both, by using the relevant check boxes. Normal Venting The program calculates both thermal and liquid movement requirements in accordance with API 2000. normal venting
For thermal inbreathing PSVPlus calculates the sudden cooling due to heavy rain. The lowest the initial level assumed in the tank, the highest the relevant thermal inbreathing. Note that calculated final cooling temperature is assumed to be 0 C minimum. A blanketing gas can also be specified and the relevant report passed to the blanketing system manufacturer for proper design. Emergency Venting
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Technical Reference - Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing - Mixed Phase fluids
The calculated emergency venting contingency is the fire one. Other emergency venting contingencies may apply but shall be evaluated by the designer. It shall be noted that wetted area calculations are in accordance with API 2000 rules that may differ from API 521. Also standard flame height is different for the two API standards. The design pressure (i.e. higher or lower than 1 psig) heavily affects the wetted area calculation for larger tanks. 6.9 Inlet / Outlet Lines Sizing - Mixed Phase fluids After completing the orifice calculation in any of the three mixed phase forms you can access the line sizing routines to design inlet and outlet lines sizing for the same Pressure Relief Valve. The following form will appear:
The sizing procedure applies the simplified method proposed by Leung and utilizes all physical properties entered during the orifice calculation stage. The results will be in the form of the maximum allowable equivalent length for both inlet and outlet lines, to avoid exceeding pressure losses limits. Trial and error procedure is required to find optimum sizes for PSV inlet / outlet lines. It is frequent to have situations where critical flow is detected on the outlet line. In this case either a bigger diameter line can be selected or, if this does not result in a to satisfactory design solution, the PSV superimposed back pressure (constant or variable or both) shall be increased.
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Technical Reference - Lines Equivalent Length Calculation
6.10
Lines Equivalent Length Calculation If required, PSV inlet and outlet lines can be calculated using detailed piping information. The exact piping layout for both inlet and outlet lines shall be known in terms of number and type of bends, valves, contraction and enlargements. The relevant calculation form can be opened by clicking on the Equiv Length button and will appear as follows:
After calculating the inlet / outlet lines equivalent length using the form above, you may use the Automatically update equivalent length ... checkbox to let the program update the equivalent length calculation when changing pipe diameters in the main PSV calculation form.
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Technical Reference - Emergency Cases calculation forms
6.11
Emergency Cases calculation forms PSVPlusTM provides a number of routines to quickly and accurately calculate the relieving rates for the most frequent upset scenarios encountered in the industry. Under the Calcd Scenario top menu you will find all the scenarios for which PSVPlusTM provides a calculation routine to determine the relieving load. The same scenarios can be accessed clicking on the forms toolbar buttons. Alternatively, select the applicable scenario (e.g. Fire) from the dropdown menu of the Emergency Case and then press the adjacent button. The figure below shows the menu and dropdown options.
For any other upset scenario where the relieving load cannot be calculated in a structured way, PSVPlusTM provides a generic form where the process considerations leading to the specific relieving rate result can be input.
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The calculation forms available depend on the main PSV calculation form calling the procedure. Namely: Calling Form Vapour Relief Steam Relief Liquid Relief Mixed Phase Option A & B Relief Mixed Phase Option C Relief Mixed Phase Option D Relief
Fire Control Valve Failure Exchanger Tube Rupture Fan Failure Reflux Failure Thermal Expansion.
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6.11.1 Fire Load Calculation Fire calculation form appearance will be as shown on the following figure:
Both Wetted and Unwetted calculation options are available. The wetted case represents the situation where theres a boiling liquid into the vessel subject to an external pool fire. You may include in the calculations up to three vessels for the scenarios where more than one vessel is protected by the same PSV. Note that a vessel needs to be marked as active (see relevant checkbox) in order to include the calculation results for that vessel in the totals. Vessel Characteristics may be entered to calculate the exposed area or overridden by the Specify Exposed Area checkbox. Piping Contribution to a calculated external surface can be included and any percentage specified in the relevant field. Environmental Factor F can be either user provided or calculated. When running the unwetted case (i.e. the case where only gas is present inside a vessel exposed to external fire) you will need to supply operating temperature and pressure along with vessel wall maximum temperature. You also need to consider that, when pressing the Calculate button, the relieving rate will not be shown on this form as it depends on the calculated orifice. The user needs to Confirm the calculation and return to the main PSV form. Once the valve sizing is Executed, the Relieving Rate field will be unlocked and the calculated figure shown.
124
6.11.2 Control Valve failure calculation This upset is one of the most frequent considered along with the Fire case. When a control valve fails open the downstream side process needs to be considered for protection with a PSV as it may not be designed to handle the additional flow. The calculation form can be invoked from the Gas or Steam Relief cases.
The form can be used to calculate the Relieving Flow for a number of situations; o Control Valve CV unknown: typical situation during design stage when the control valve has not been purchased yet. The operating CV can be calculated and a CV selected to CV calculated ratio specified. Control Valve CV known: the Control Valve characteristics are available from the Manufacturer. Control Valve in Gas / Vapour Service: when the control valve fails in the open position additional gas / Vapour will pass and require venting. Control Valve in Liquid Service: on valve failure there may be a gas break-through or gas blow-by. Careful investigation must be made due to difference in density between gas and liquid phases.
o o
125
6.11.3 Exchanger Tube Rupture calculation Many heat exchangers have a significant pressure difference between the tube and shell side. Failure of one or more tubes will cause a high flowrate into the low pressure side Calculation of this relieving rate is as shown:
Both Fluid from Tube to Shell and from Shell to Tube cases can be investigated. Required parameters are only those relevant to design conditions for the low pressure side, operating conditions for the high pressure one, exchanger tubes size and flowing fluid characteristics.
126
6.11.4 Thermal Expansion calculation This is a typical situation for liquid filled-in system subject to some sort of external heat input such as solar radiation, steam or electrical tracing, jacketing, etc... The calculation form can be invoked only from the Liquid Relief main form
Typical figures for solar heat input and Cubical Expansion Coefficient are given to assist the user in determining the requires PSV capacity.
127
Technical Reference - Physical Properties calculation
6.12
Physical Properties calculation FluidProp is a standard interface to several software libraries for the calculation of thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids. This program is developed by P. Colonna and T.P. van der Stelt, Energy Technology Section, Delft University of Technology. Each thermodynamic library implements one or more thermodynamic models for a number of different fluids and mixtures. Thermodynamic libraries available are: o o o o o GasMix IF97 RefProp StanMix TPSI
Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt 6.12.1 GasMix Library GasMix implements the ideal gas equation of state:
Pv = RT
with a temperature dependent specific heat in the form:
Cp = (C1 + C 2 T + C 3T 2 + C 4T 3 + C 5T 4 )
Gas data come from the JANAF tables, as documented in: 1. Gordon, S., McBride, B.J. Computer Program for Calculation of complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions. Lewis Research Center, NASA SP-273, 1971. and more recently in: 2. Chase, J.M.W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998. Viscosity: Chapman Enskog Eucken Transport properties are calculated according to the following methods:
Details of the theory and fluid data for these methods can be found in: 3. Reid, R.C., Prausnitz, J.M. and Sherwood, T.K. The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1977. The GasMix components can be used as pure fluids or in a mixture. GasMix provides thermodynamic and transport properties for the fluids in the following Table. The listed FluidProp names (either short or long) must be used to specify the fluid name in the SetFluid method. For GasMix the short FluidProp name equals the chemical formula of the fluid. For a given fluid, the FluidProp name is the same in all thermodynamic libraries in which the fluid is available.
128
129
Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt 6.12.2 IF97 Library IF97 implements models for the thermodynamic and transport properties of water and steam according to the IAPWS -IF97 industrial standard and documented in: Wagner, W., Kruse, A. Properties of Water and Steam, The Industrial Standard IAPWS-IF97 for the Thermodynamic Properties and Supplementary Equations for Other Properties, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. No additional fluids are available in the IF97 library. The main fluid data are listed in the following Table.
Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt
130
6.12.3 RefProp Library RefProp is developed and maintained by the National Institute of Standard and Technologies and any specific information can be found in the original distribution package. RefProp implements reference equations of state as well as technical equations of state for pure fluids. Reference equations of state are able to describe all experimental thermodynamic property data available for a certain fluid within their experimental uncertainty. Technical equations of state are accurate enough for most technical applications. Mixture properties can also be calculated using a generalized model described in the RefProp documentation. Mixtures can be composed from the list of available pure fluids. RefProp provides thermodynamic and transport properties for the pure fluids listed in the following Table.
131
132
The predefined mixtures of RefProp are also available through this version of the FluidProp interface. These mixtures are listed in this table:
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Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt 6.12.4 StanMix Library The complete thermodynamic model implemented in StanMix is documented in the following references: 1. Colonna, P., June 1995. Properties of Fluid Mixtures for Thermodynamic Cycles Applications.Tech. rep., Stanford University, Stanford, CA. 2. Angelino, G. and Colonna, P., 1998. ''Multicomponent Working fluids for Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs).'' Energy , 23, pp. 449-463. The PRSV cubic equation of state, which is a modified Peng Robinson equation of state particularly suited for the accurate estimation of saturation properties, is described in 3. Stryjeck, R. and Vera, J. H., 1986. ``PRSV: An Improved Peng-Robinson Equation Of State For Pure Compounds And Mixtures.'' Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 64, pp. 323-333. The Wong and Sandler mixing rules which are suitable for the modeling of highly nonideal mixtures are documented e.g. in: 4. Wong, D. S. H., Sandler, S. I., and Orbey, H., 1992. `Èquation Of State Mixing Rule For Nonideal Mixtures Using Available Activity Coefficient Model Parameters And PSVPlusTM Users Manual
134
That Allows Extrapolation Over Large Ranges Of Temperature And Pressure.'' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 31, pp. 2033-2039. 5. Wong, D. S. H. and Sandler, S. I., 1992. `À Theoretically Correct Mixing Rule for Cubic Equations of State.'' AIChE Journal , 38, pp. 671-680. 6. Huang, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1993. ``Prediction of Vapour-Liquid Equilibria at High Pressures Using Activity Coefficient Parameters Obtained from Low Pressure Data: A comparison of Two Equation of State Mixing Rules.'' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 32, pp. 1498-1503. 7. Orbey, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1993. `Àccurate Equation of State Predictions at high temperatures and pressures using the existing UNIFAC model.'' Fluid Phase Equilib. , 85, pp. 41-54. 8. Sandler, S. I. et al. , 1994. Models For Thermodynamic And Phase Equilibria Calculations . Marcel Dekker, New York. 9. Orbey, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1995. `Òn the Combination of Equation of State and Excess Free Energy Models.'' Fluid Phase Equilib. , 111, pp. 53-70. 10. Orbey, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1995. ``Reformulation of Wong-Sandler Mixing Rules for Cubic Equations of State.'' AIChE J. , 41. 11. Orbey, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1995. `Èquation of State modeling of Refrigerant Mixtures.'' Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 34, pp. 2520-2525. 12. Orbey, H. and Sandler, S. I., 1997. `À Comparison of Huron-Vidal Type Mixing Rules of Mixtures of Compounds with Large Size Differences, and a New Mixing Rule.'' Fluid Phase Equilib. , 132, pp. 1-14. 13. Shiflett, M. B. and Sandler, S. I., June 1998. ``Modeling Fluorocarbon Vapour Liquid Equilibria using the Wong-Sandler model.'' Fluid Phase Equilib. , 147, pp. 145162. Note: at the moment StanMix implements a simple Successive Substitution Method for the solution of saturation calculations that is known to fail for close-to-critical states and performs worse for highly non-ideal mixtures. The critical point calculation for a mixture is implemented as the pseudo-critical point calculation if the composition is specified by the user, therefore the result is highly inaccurate, but an estimate is necessary for all other type of calculations. For predefined mixtures the critical point is calculated with a "climbing" method, that is the bubble point calculation is repeated by increasing the temperature in ever small steps until it does not converge anymore. This is also an inaccurate estimate even if much better than the pseudo-critical point calculation. We plan to improve these calculations. StanMix provides thermodynamic properties for the pure fluids listed in the following Table.
135
StanMix provides thermodynamic properties for the predefined mixtures listed in the following Table.
136
The limits for the calculation of properties are as follows: For a pure fluid: Pmin = Psat at freezing temperature, i.e. P(Tmin, q=1) Pmax = P(Tmax, v = 1/2 vc) For a mixture: Tmin = Max[Tmin (i)]; i = 1,2,..., ncomponents Tmax = Min[Tmax(i)]; i = 1,2,..., ncomponents Pmin = P(Tmin, q = 0) Pmax = P(Tmax, v = 1/2 vc,min), vc,min = Max[vc (i)] ; i = 1,2,..., ncomponents Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt
137
6.12.5 TPSI Library TPSI implements the computer programs described in: 1. Reynolds, W.C., Thermodynamic properties in S.I., Department of Mechanical Engineering - Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 1979. A first version of the program was written by Prof. W.C. Reynolds and distributed as a DOS executable program. The program was later modified and expanded with more fluids and properties, as documented in: 2. Colonna, P., Rebay, S., and Silva, P., Computer Simulations of Dense Gas Flows Using Complex Equations of State for Pure Fluids and Mixtures and State of the Art Numerical Schemes. Tech. Rep., Universit di Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy, March 2002. TPSI provides thermodynamic properties for the fluids listed in the following Table.
(1) In this model air and H2O Vapour are treated as perfect gas with variable specific heats. The liquid is treated as incompressible. It uses specific heat and saturation equations from the appropriate TPSI subroutines of the other fluids. Piero Colonna and Teus van der Stelt
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PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Manual Version v 7.0.0 Revision Date: February , 2010

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Softbits Consultants Ltd.

3.1.2.1 3.1.2.2 3.2 3.3 3.4

3.3.1 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5 4.1 4.2

4 PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions............................................................................ 13

4.2.1 4.2.2 4.3 4.4

5.1 5.2 5.3

5.3.2 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3

PSVPlusTM Interfaces to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Flarenet .................................... 63

Aspen Flarenet Import Interface .................................................................. 74

Aspen Flarenet Export Interface................................................................... 86

Aspen Flarenet Results Comparison Interface ................................................ 97

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Interfacing PSVPlus database with SPI one...................................................105

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Introduction - Installation Requirement

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Whats new - Installation Requirement

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Overview - Installation Requirement

Overview - Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Overview - Installing PSVPlus-Single User (Standalone) on Windows Vista or Windows 7

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Overview - Installing PSVPlus - Network

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Overview - Installing PSVPlus - Network

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

Overview - Remotely Updating the Hardware Key

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Key Features

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Key Features

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Key Features

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Usage modes of PSVPlusTM

12_PRV_021 (CV Fails Open).liq

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Usage modes of PSVPlusTM

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Calculation Options Screen

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Calculation Options Screen

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Quick Start Tutorial

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Quick Start Tutorial

Service Fluid Name

Column Protection Hydrocarbon

Body Material Design Code Fire Case

Carbon Steel API 520, 521 No

Control Valve Failure

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Quick Start Tutorial

CV Selected to CV calc. Ratio

Normal Flow to Process

PSVPlusTM Users Manual

PSVPlusTM Usage Instructions - Quick Start Tutorial

Superimposed Const. Back Pressure

Superimposed Variab. Back Pressure

Builtup Back Pressure