You use the conjunction THAT after saying or thinking verbs, to

report the words that people speak , or the thoughts they have. E.g.
The Australian man thought that the students were from China.
The part of the sentence containing the speakers words or the
thinkers thoughts is called a NOUN CLAUSE. The conjunction
THAT is often left out. E.g. The Australian man thought the students
were from China.
You use the conjunction IF and WHETHER after verbs of asking,
finding out, wondering or not knowing, to report questions that
people ask others or ask themselves. E.g. Susan asked me IF (or
WHETHER) Id like to come to the party. I wonder WHETHER (or
IF) John finished his essay.
What, Who, Whom, Which, Why, How, Where, When. You can
use all these WH- question words as conjunctions after verbs of
asking, wondering, telling and explaining. E.g. Mum asked John
WHAT he wanted for dinner. Betty didnt know HOW she got that
idea. William asked John WHY he never turned up for the match.
You can use WHO or WHOM when it is the object.
Fill in the gaps with one of the following WH-question words:
how, what, when, where, which, who, whom, why
1. Does John know ......................he wants to be when he grows up?
2. The girls have no idea ........................they played a trick on them.
3. Can the teacher say ........................ the weather is hot in Sydney?
4. Let me know ........................................................ you are arriving.
5. The group of students enquired ......................... the museum was.
6. They also wanted to know ................... time the museum opened.
7. The magician asked us ...............of the four flavours of ice-cream
wed prefer.
8. We tried to find out........................David was taking to the party.
9. Show me ....................................... you fixed the computer please.
10. The Chinese man explained .......................... he went to Sydney.
Use the conjunction THAT and choose a clause from below to fill
the gap:
a spider was an insect
hes moving house soon.
I left my calculator in my desk
the flight was on time
I shouldnt eat so much
she wants to be a musician
mum could use the computer
the match was cancelled
she was the right person for the job
the earthquake was only a small one
1. John is good at the violin and says ..................................................
2. I thought .............................................................., but I was wrong.
3. Im sure......................................................., but I cant find it now.
4. Im certain....................................................but shes scared to try.
5. Betty lives next door to me but she tells me.....................................
6. We believe ..................................but were waiting for more news.
7. I know ...............................................................but I get so hungry.
8. It was announced at Assembly today...............................................
9. We were informed at the airport enquiry desk.................................
10. Mum convinced the manager..........................................................

Use IF or WHETHER and choose a clause from the box to fill the
gap:
the train from Melbourne has arrived
she would like to dance with him
shes better yet
she can drive you to your dancing class
hell remember to bring his kit
its going to clear up yet
the washing machine had finished
wed brought our atlases yet
shes any good at acting
the others are awake yet
1. Susan has been sick and I dont know...............................................
2. At the station we enquired ................................................................
3. John asked Susan ..............................................................................
4. Ill remind David about the match, because Im not sure.
...............................................................................................................
5. I went to the kitchen to find out........................................................
6. Its time to get up Ill see................................................................
7. Ask dad..............................................................................................
8. Bettys keen to be in the play, but I wonder......................................
...............................................................................................................
9. Mr Smith asked us.............................................................................
10. its still raining I doubt.................................................................
Change the following sentences into reported/indirect speech.
1. The little girl said, I am lost.
...............................................................................................................
2. They told us, We saw an accident.
...............................................................................................................
3. Mr Smith said, Line up in a straight row, please.
...............................................................................................................
4. My English teacher said, I am not feeling well today.
...............................................................................................................
5. William asked us, Do you like swimming?
...............................................................................................................
6. Mr Smith asked, Who is that student?
...............................................................................................................
7. The doctor explained, I like care for my patients.
...............................................................................................................
8. Mary asked, Will you come to my party?
...............................................................................................................
9. My mother said, Clean your bedroom.
...............................................................................................................
10. Janet asked, Can you find my glasses?
...............................................................................................................
Change the following sentences into indirect speech.
1. Jane says that she is afraid of dogs.
...............................................................................................................
2. My mother said that I must clean my room.
...............................................................................................................
3. The doctor explained that the flu virus is a serious illness.
...............................................................................................................
4. Betty asked me if I enjoyed my English classes.
...............................................................................................................
5. My father asked me to switch off the heater.
...............................................................................................................
6. The salesman asked me if I would like to buy a book.
...............................................................................................................
7. The scientist shouted that he found the secret to long life.
...............................................................................................................
8. The policeman told us to be aware of strangers.
...............................................................................................................
9. Mr Smith tells us that our class is the best in the school.
...............................................................................................................

10. My mother warned us not to get ourselves into trouble.

...............................................................................................................

Use IF or WHETHER and choose a clause

from the box to fill the gap:

You use the conjunction THAT after saying or thinking verbs, to

report the words that people speak , or the thoughts they have. E.g.
The Australian man thought that the students were from China.
The part of the sentence containing the speakers words or the
thinkers thoughts is called a NOUN CLAUSE. The conjunction
THAT is often left out. E.g. The Australian man thought the students
were from China.
You use the conjunction IF and WHETHER after verbs of asking,
finding out, wondering or not knowing, to report questions that
people ask others or ask themselves. E.g. Susan asked me IF (or
WHETHER) Id like to come to the party. I wonder WHETHER (or
IF) John finished his essay.
What, Who, Whom, Which, Why, How, Where, When. You can
use all these WH- question words as conjunctions after verbs of
asking, wondering, telling and explaining. E.g. Mum asked John
WHAT he wanted for dinner. Betty didnt know HOW she got that
idea. William asked John WHY he never turned up for the match.
You can use WHO or WHOM when it is the object.
Fill in the gaps with one of the following WH-question words:
how, what, when, where, which, who, whom, why
1. Does John know ......................he wants to be when he grows up?
2. The girls have no idea ........................they played a trick on them.
3. Can the teacher say ........................ the weather is hot in Sydney?
4. Let me know ........................................................ you are arriving.
5. The group of students enquired ......................... the museum was.
6. They also wanted to know ................... time the museum opened.
7. The magician asked us ...............of the four flavours of ice-cream
wed prefer.
8. We tried to find out........................David was taking to the party.
9. Show me ....................................... you fixed the computer please.
10. The Chinese man explained .......................... he went to Sydney.
Use the conjunction THAT and choose a clause from below to fill
the gap:
a spider was an insect
hes moving house soon.
I left my calculator in my desk
the flight was on time
I shouldnt eat so much
she wants to be a musician
mum could use the computer
the match was cancelled
she was the right person for the job
the earthquake was only a small one
1. John is good at the violin and says ..................................................
2. I thought .............................................................., but I was wrong.
3. Im sure......................................................., but I cant find it now.
4. Im certain....................................................but shes scared to try.
5. Betty lives next door to me but she tells me.....................................
6. We believe ..................................but were waiting for more news.
7. I know ...............................................................but I get so hungry.
8. It was announced at Assembly today...............................................
9. We were informed at the airport enquiry desk.................................
10. Mum convinced the manager..........................................................

the train from Melbourne has arrived

she would like to dance with him
shes better yet
she can drive you to your dancing class
hell remember to bring his kit
its going to clear up yet
the washing machine had finished
wed brought our atlases yet
shes any good at acting
the others are awake yet
1. Susan has been sick and I dont know...............................................
2. At the station we enquired ................................................................
3. John asked Susan ..............................................................................
4. Ill remind David about the match, because Im not sure.
...............................................................................................................
5. I went to the kitchen to find out........................................................
6. Its time to get up Ill see................................................................
7. Ask dad..............................................................................................
8. Bettys keen to be in the play, but I wonder......................................
...............................................................................................................
9. Mr Smith asked us.............................................................................
10. its still raining I doubt.................................................................
Change the following sentences into reported/indirect speech.
1. The little girl said, I am lost.
...............................................................................................................
2. They told us, We saw an accident.
...............................................................................................................
3. Mr Smith said, Line up in a straight row, please.
...............................................................................................................
4. My English teacher said, I am not feeling well today.
...............................................................................................................
5. William asked us, Do you like swimming?
...............................................................................................................
6. Mr Smith asked, Who is that student?
...............................................................................................................
7. The doctor explained, I like care for my patients.
...............................................................................................................
8. Mary asked, Will you come to my party?
...............................................................................................................
9. My mother said, Clean your bedroom.
...............................................................................................................
10. Janet asked, Can you find my glasses?
...............................................................................................................
Change the following sentences into indirect speech.
1. Jane says that she is afraid of dogs.
...............................................................................................................
2. My mother said that I must clean my room.
...............................................................................................................
3. The doctor explained that the flu virus is a serious illness.
...............................................................................................................
4. Betty asked me if I enjoyed my English classes.
...............................................................................................................
5. My father asked me to switch off the heater.
...............................................................................................................
6. The salesman asked me if I would like to buy a book.
...............................................................................................................
7. The scientist shouted that he found the secret to long life.
...............................................................................................................
8. The policeman told us to be aware of strangers.
...............................................................................................................
9. Mr Smith tells us that our class is the best in the school.
...............................................................................................................

10. My mother warned us not to get ourselves into trouble.

...............................................................................................................