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Proposition for a Suitable design of Vehicle Carrying Trailer

GAUTAM MALIK ANUJ CHUNN ABHISHEK CHOPRA

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CONTENTS
1. Introduction..3 2. Proposed design of Trailer...6 3. Loading and unloading mechanisms for the vehicles..7 4. Force analysis on the Trailer...11 5. Safety Aspects.14

INTRODUCTION
Business or purpose is not complete just after the cars are manufactured in the plant. They need to be transported to all the places where demand exists. For this use, trailer is the most widely used mode of transportation. In practice, normally 6 to 8 cars are loaded on the trailers and then they are transported. But the transportation of the cars itself becomes a part of the problem. The weight of the loaded vehicle; height of the Centre of Gravity of the system (because of some cars resting on the upper compartment of the trailers); condition of Indian roads; the overturning of the loaded trailer while negotiating a turn etc. are some of the problems. This causes heavy loss to the companies since the damaged cars are rejected. The incurred loss can be imagined from the cost of the cars being transported, loss of human life etc. Problem Statement: Designing a mechanism which would serve the following purposes: Hold the loaded vehicles (cars) at its place during heavy jerks on the road. Loading as well as unloading of the vehicle from the trailer should be easy. Avoid the overturning of the vehicle under given driving conditions. In the worst case; even if the accident does occur (trailer overturns), there should be minimum damage to the cars loaded on the trailer. Driving Conditions and Specifications : The trailer is taking a turn at a speed of 36 km/hr. The radius of curvature of the turn is 18 m and the angle of banking (of the road) is 4 degrees. Coefficient of friction for the road: 0.5 Specifications of the car being transported: 1) Weight: 1200 kg 2) Tire size 145/80 R12 3) Overall Length: 3500 mm 4) Overall Width: 1500 mm 5) Overall Height: 1450 mm 6) Wheelbase: 2360 mm 7) Ground Clearance: 160 mm 8) Height of Centre of Gravity: 600 mm.

Specifications of the trailer: 1) Length: 13000 mm 2) Overall Width: 3000 mm, Width available for loading: 2700 mm 3) Overall Height: To be determined, Height available for loading: 900 mm from ground 4) Weight: 3500 Kg without load 5) Ground Clearance: 600 mm 6) Height of Centre of Gravity: 800 mm from ground

Proposed Design of the Trailer:

The design proposed carries seven cars of given dimensions whereas primitively it had been used to carry six of them.

Loading Unloading of cars using Hydraulic Ramps:

The model proposed is installed with hydraulic ramps which are used for loading and unloading of cars with much ease. 6

Loading of the cars takes place in three phase. First one being the top most deck, the hydraulic ramp for the topmost deck moves down and the cars are loaded. The lower deck ramp is then activated to accommodate the lower most deck with a car and finally the middle deck is loaded.

Loading at the upper deck of the Trailer( Phase I):

Placing of the car in the lowermost deck ( Phase II):

Final arrangement of cars in Trailer :

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Force Analysis on the Trailer

11

SAFETY ASPECTS
12

Holding of the vehicle during jerks : Deploying the use of wide straps of width 2, of rating 3000lb-10000lb. These straps are tied at an angle of 30-60 degrees. Tying this way would enable to prevent backward and forward motion of the car.

Use of Hydraulic Shock Absorbers Restricts the sideward displacement of the cars Protects the suspension system of the car by reducing the extent of bouncing

In an event of overturning : A strong casing is provided inside the trailer made of an alloy of steel that will take the impulsive shocks and prevent the damaging of cars.

Provision of the air bags -Air bags are provided with pressure sensing devices which comes into action in case sudden Impulse. These bags are provided two in number for each car placed on the either side of the car (along the length)

13

References:
1. www.gnb.ca/0062/regs/2001-67.htm 2. www.tramptrailers/com-images-towing

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