DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS

DIAGNOSTIC TEST AND DESCRIPTION

INDICATION

CLIENT PREPARATION AND POST PROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS

NORMAL FINDINGS

ACTUAL FINDINGS

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS): Glucose is a monosaccharide found naturally occurring in fruits. It is also formed from the digestion of carbohydrates and the conversion of glycogen by the liver and is the bodys main source of cellular energy. Glucose is essential for brain and erythrocyte function. Excess glucose is stored as a

glycogen in the liver and muscle cells. Hormones influencing glucose metabolism include insulin, glucagon, thyroxine, somatostatin, cortisol, and epinephrine. Triglycerides: also known as fat. It is a compound consisting of fatty acids.

- a part of a lipid profile, used to detect risk for heart disease, used for monitoring patients with heart disease and patients who had heart attack or those who are being treated for high lipid and high triglycerin level. - it predicts risk for developing heart disease. It examines all types of cholesterol in the blood, the LDL cholesterol is considered the most important form in determining the risk of having heart disease, since treatment decisions are often based on LDL values, this test may be used to monitor levels after the start of diet and exercise.

The patient has normal level of triglyceride level; there is no excess dietary consumption of foods rich in fats. 1.53 mmol/L 0- 2.30 mmol/L

0-5.20 mmol/L

4.53 mmol/L

Total cholesterol level is within normal range; there is no excess dietary consumption of foods rich in fats.

Total Cholesterol: 0.78 2.21 mmol/L 1.15 mmol/L HDL level is within normal limit. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL): is

a type of cholesterol carried by the alphalipoprotein. HDL is thought to help protect against the risk or coronary artery disease.

2.5-4.5 mmol/L

3.07 mmol/L He clients LDL is normal; decreased risk of having coronary artery disease. He clients VLDL is normal; decreased risk of having coronary artery disease.

0-0.46 mmol/L LDL: VLDL:

0.31 mmol/L

CBC ANALYSIS: A complete blood count (CBC) is a group of test used for basic screening purposes. It is probably the most widely ordered laboratory test. Results provide the enumeration of the cellular elements of the blood, measurement of RBC indices, and determination of cell morphology by

- Detect hematologic disorder, neoplasm, leukemia, or immunologic abnormality - Determine the presence of hereditary hematologic abnormality - Evaluate known or suspected anemia - Monitor blood loss and response to blood replacement - Monitor the effects of physical or emotional stress - Monitor fluid imbalances

automation and evaluation of stained smears. The results can provide valuable diagnostic information regarding the overall health of the patient and the patients response to disease and treatment. RBC

HEMATOCRIT

or treatment for fluid imbalances Monitor hematologic status during pregnancy Monitor progression of nonhematologic disorders, such as, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malabsorption syndromes, cancer, and renal disease Monitor response to chemotherapy and evaluate undesired reactions to drugs that may cause blood dyscrasias Provide screening as part of general physical examination, especially on admission to a health care facility or before surgery.

-Patient has a normal level of RBC and indicates still functional transportation of O2 from the lungs to body tissues. 23 November 2011 Hct 0.41 x 10/L Hgb 142 q/L Leukocyte 5.5 x 10/L Thrombocyte 193 X 10/L Neutrophil 0.54 (0.55 0.65) Eosinophil 0.02 (0-030.05) Lymphocyte 0.44 (0.25 0.35)

Patient has a normal level of Hct indicate that there is adequate blood volume in the body. There is also normal level of hemoglobin and indicates still functional transportation of O2 from the lungs to body tissues.

HEMOGLOBIN

06 December 2011 Hct 0.47 x 10/L Hgb 139 q/L Leukocyte 17.0 x 10/L Thrombocyte 198 X 10/L Neutrophil 0.72 (0.55 0.65) Eosinophil 0.04 (0-03- Patient has normal level of 0.05) WBC and indicates no Lymphocyte 0.28 presence of infection. (0.25 0.35)

WBC

SEGMENTERS EOSINOPHILS

Eosinophils are responsible for engulfing and killing bacteria. Patient has still functional immune system. Patient has normal level of lymphocytes. He has still functional immune system. Patient has normal level of monocyte. He has still functional immune system

LYMPHOCYTES Normal level of platelet count and indicates no bleeding disorders. MONOCYTES

PLATELET COUNT

Impression: Cardiomegaly Please correlate clinically

Normal Chest X-ray

CHEST X-RAY: x-ray are passed through the chest and react on a special photographic plate.

Chest x-ray may be used for general physical examination or maybe ordered for a specific diagnostic purpose and screening tool preoperatively. Used to detect pulmonary abscess, adult respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis, bronchitis, emphysema and many other pulmonary diseases. Cardiac uses include CHF and heart size. Uses in great vessels include abnormalities in aortic

No active parenchymal infiltrates seen. Heart is enlarged with LV and RA form. Aorta is not dilated. Diaphragm and sulci are intact. The rest of the visualized chest chest structures are unremarkable.

arch (calcifications), some aneurysm and transposition