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Behavior And Shear Strength

Of Concrete Deep Beams

Insight into behavior


Mechanisms of force transfer different from slender beams. Tied arch or arch action dominant force flow for a shear resistance.

Strain distribution in As long uniform along the span and high at the supports. (Anchorage or bond failure). Presence of web reinforcement had no effect on the cracking load. Addition of vertical stirrups tended to reduce the deflections at ultimate load.

Numerical methods for estimating the shear capacity of deep beams


Based on the plasticity theory, assuming that the concrete and steel reinforcement are perfectly plastic materials.

A. Dimensionless shear capacity (l=P/bhfc)

[by Ashour, 2000]

Assemblage of rigid blocks

Reasonable good results based on the ratio Predicted/Measured Shear capacity, the Average was 1.024 and the Std. Dev. 0.195

Numerical methods estimation (Cont.)


Remarks Vcap is influenced by the (a) shear span but not the (L) beam span. Vcap increased with the decrease in (a/d) shear-span-to-depth ratio from 2 to 0.5. Contribution of web reinforcement to the shear capacity is more pronounced for less main longitudinal bottom reinforcement. For higher a/d, rv is more effective than rh web reinforcement.

Numerical methods estimation (Cont.)


B. Shear strength combined anchorage failure [ by Hong et al. 2002] Investigating 5 failure mechanism of flexural-shear strengths

Despite good agreement between the theoretical and experimental shear strengths of deep beams, there is some discrepancy on the prediction of failure modes.

Numerical methods estimation (Cont.)


Insufficient embedment length beyond supports were likely to cause shear, rather than flexural, failure of deep beams in some range. Bond strength increase due to web reinforcement was lower than expected. To ensure less brittle failure of deep beams, the shear strength combined with their anchorage failure, must be greater than their flexural strength.

Shear Strength of high-strength concrete deep beams


23 MPa fc 74 MPa (3335 psi fc 10,730 psi) compared them with the design equations from ACI. No significant change in failure mode between normal and highstrength concrete deep beams. Ast long has higher effect on ultimate shear strength than predicted values using ACI code equations. The end anchorage of longitudinal steel produced by the 90 hook, acted properly during the test. Beams with a/d < 1.0, shear failure mechanism was controlled by arching action.

Shear Strength of high-strength concrete deep beams (cont.)


Strength fc had a significant effect on the ultimate shear strength, underestimated by the ACI code Eq. (11-29) which is based on normal-strength concrete.

Vcap is more dependent on the a/d than any other parameter.

Summary
Analytical methods based on plasticity theory show good agreement with results obtained from experiments. Better derived Vcap from rigid block motions rather than from an specific failure mechanism due to complexity of strength distribution in deep beams falling in shear. ACI Code Eq.(11-29) and (11-30) are conservative and underestimate the effect of fc and As long in beams using high-strength concrete.

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