CLOUD COMPUTING AND THEIR IMPACTS

Abstract: Cloud computing a relatively recent term, it defines the paths ahead in computer science world. Being built on decades of research it utilizes all recent achievements in virtualization, distributed computing, utility computing and networking. It implies a service oriented architecture through offering softwares and platforms as services, reduced information technology overhead for the end-user, great flexibility, Reduced total cost of ownership, on demand services and many other things. This paper is a brief survey based on cloud computing and its impact on adoption of cloud computing in different aspects. Keywords: Cloud computing, Utility computing, Distributed computing, IAAS (Infrastructure as-aService), PAAS (Platform-as-a Service), SAAS (Software-as-a-Service) Introduction: Cloud computing is the next generation in computation. The cloud computing is said to be the fifth generation of computing after Main frame, Personal computer, Client-server computing and the web. Cloud computing can help businesses transform their existing server infrastructures into dynamic environments, expanding and reducing server capacity depending on their requirements. Cloud computing allows users to use only a Web browser to receive computing services via the Internet. Users only need to pay for the services they actually use (Won et al 2009:3). It is a style of computing in which IT-related capabilities are provided as a service, allowing users to access technology-enabled services from the Internet (i.e., the Cloud) without knowledge of, expertise with, or control over the technology infrastructure that supports them. Email was probably the first service on the cloud. As the computing industry shifts toward providing Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS) for consumers and enterprises to access on demand regardless of time and location, there will be an increase in the number of Cloud platforms available(T. V. Raman, Cloud Computing and Equal Access for All). But it seems that Cloud computing cannot save the universe. Cloud computing cannot run for President.

Cloud computing is a very specific type of computing that has very specific benefits. But it has specific negatives as well. And it does not serve the needs of real businesses to hear only the hype about cloud computing both positive and negative. One thing that is hoped to be accomplished with this paper is not only a clear picture of what the cloud does extremely well and a brief overview of them, but also a short survey on their criteria and challenges ahead of them. Background review: With the tremendous increase in the computer hypothesis, a very large pool of the systems are linked with the public and the private networks, in order to provide the scalable architecture for the applications and the data storage as well as the file storage. With the initiation of this technology there is a drastic change in the computation cost. Hosting applications, storage access and the delivery has been condensed considerably. Services in Cloud Computing IAAS (Infrastructure as-a-Service) In this service IaaS provides the necessary storage and the computing facilities as the consistent services over the network. Storage systems and the network equipment, servers and the space for the data centres are shared and made it as available in order to handle the work load. Generally the customers use the API (Application Program Interface) to access the servers and to configure the virtual storage. In the project cloud computing allows the company to pay only for the usage of the capacity only used. This concept refers to the utility computing because it resembles the usage of the water and the fuel consumed. PAAS (Platform-as-a Service) It is defined as the service provided for the development of the set of software on the providers infrastructure. Here there is great freedom for the developers to create the applications over the internet. In the customers computers website portals and softwares are installed. Google apps are the best example for the PaaS. SAAS (Software-as-a-Service) Here vendor supplies the hardware infrastructure, the software product and interacts with the user through a front-end portal. SaaS is a very broad market. Services can be anything

from Web-based email to inventory control and database processing. Because the service provider hosts both the application and the data, the end user is free to use the service from anywhere (chong, 2006).

Fig 2: Cloud computing models Cloud Computing Business Models: Eight types (Chang et al 2010:509): Service Provider and Service Orientation; Support and Services Contracts; In- House Private Clouds; All-In-One Enterprise Cloud; One-Stop Resources and Services; Government funding; Venture Capitals; and Entertainment and Social Networking. Benefits of the cloud computing Increase in the storage Infrastructure that is provided by the cloud computing providers maintenance of the storage access and the large volumes of the data storage is certainty. Sudden increase in the work loads are managed very effectively and efficiently in the cloud computing where the cloud computing can access dynamically. Reduce in the cost The main advantage of the cloud computing is pay as per the usage. Here the Opening expenses and the recurring expenses are lower when compared with the usual computing.

 Flexibility This is one of the main characteristic of the cloud computing. In the organisation structure adapt to the new changes is the typical role depending on the business conditions and also speed to deliver the project is more critical. Cloud computing is one of the best in getting the applications very quickly for the necessary deployment. Impacts towards the cloud computing: SECTION 1: 1. Impacts for the adaption of cloud computing:

Impending users of the cloud computing includes medium scale as well as the large scale organisations and also the wide ranging clients. General issues rose with the adaption of the cloud computing technology by the organisations and the individuals include (Won et al 2009:3): Integration. Performance Security Costs Environment Outage Compliance Private clouds There are many benefits in the adaption of the cloud computing which include It increases the storage space It reduces the cost of the complete structure It has great flexibility rate Cloud computing also includes some challenges which includes Data protection on the cloud platform Recovery of the data and the availability Capabilities for the management Restrictions towards the regulatory and the compliance of the network SECTION 2: 2. Impact of cloud computing on Global IT Cloud computing disruptive impact on todays global technology framework is a subject of debate. The cloud computing impact on IT will be as follows:

 Software Computing hardware Telecom Services Software: The segment will be a potential net-loser as the traditional model of software Licences, implementation and support will be broken in this new computing model. Computing hardware: The current utilization of most data centres are below 20%. The cloud model will leverage a large part of this unutilised capacity. As such, the race for more computing power and storage (MIPs and GIGs) shifts away from building more capacity to better access to the clouds installed capacity. Telecom: As networks and connectivity will take on more powerful roles, this sector is likely to be a beneficiary. Services: The service vendors will need to shift their focus towards developing the applications that work in with cloud. (Lijun Mei, A Tale of Clouds: Paradigm Comparisons and Some Thoughts on Research Issues,). SECTION 3: 3. Impact of cloud computing on the outsourcing A recent survey revealed that over 80% of the 100+ IT managers or decision makers interviewed are considering cloud computing for their business needs and over 50% have begun adapting it in a small manner. Although most IT managers were not convinced of using the cloud for their core IT projects, they have continued to proceed with cloud computing solutions for some of the non-core applications. Cloud computing will open a very large market in the Small and Medium Business (SMB) Segment which has till now been hesitant to embrace outsourcing. Smaller firms will see the benefit from cloud as it would provide them a lever to manage their IT investments and become Competitive. (R. Buyya, 2008). Generally in the coming five years most of the outsourcing businesses in the cloud computing are anticipating the bills for what they used and the changes which are caused by the cloud computing are supposed to initiate opposition from the outsourcing service providers. Conclusion: The IT industry is going through a major change and technology is enabling this disruption. The lowering cost of bandwidth, the availability of computing in new and cheaper forms factors and devices, and the increases in productivity and usability have caused a massive growth in services over the Internet. The retail industry, which operates on razor-thin margins, can certainly take advantage of these services to reduce overall cost and enhance services. Microsoft technologies play a key role in enabling retailers to take advantage of this new paradigm. Clearly, the next 5 years will see a mix of traditional outsourcing with some experimentation on the cloud model. Cloud computing will make an impact, but will not replace traditional outsourcing.

 Pricing models of outsourced vendors will see high degree of innovation to compete with the pay-per-use cloud model. Providers will move up the value chain to offer end-to-end services including cloud computing. Assisting clients in creating private clouds could potentially be a litmus test before they adopt the public cloud model. Buyers will find it easier to integrate the cloud approach with existing providers, thereby reducing risk and being cost effective. Cloud computing is the fastest growing part of IT. Tremendous benefits to customers of all sizes. Cloud services are simple to acquire and scale up or down. Key opportunity for application and infrastructure vendors. Public clouds work great for some but not for all applications. Private clouds offer many benefits for internal applications. Public and private clouds can be used in combination. References: B. Grobauer,, T.Walloschek,, E. Stoecher, g , Understanding Cloud Computing Vulnerabilities, IEEE Security & Privacy, March/April 2011

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L. Wang, G. von L. Wang, G. von Laszewski, Cloud Computing: a Perspective Computing: a Perspective Study, New Generation Computing, Vol 28, No 2, 137145, Springer, 2000 R. Buyya, C. S. Yeo, and S. Venugopa, Market oriented cloud computing: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering it services as computing utilities In Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conferenceon High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC-08, IEEE CS Press, Los Alamitos, CA, USA) 2008. T. V. Raman, Cloud Computing and Equal Access for All, Proceedings of the 2008 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A), Beijing, China

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